Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1177/10242589211017823
Dearbhal Murphy, T. Dayan
{"title":"SMart: a cooperative of artists that works for artists?","authors":"Dearbhal Murphy, T. Dayan","doi":"10.1177/10242589211017823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211017823","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"255 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80903937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1177/10242589211017822
Silvia Rainone
{"title":"Book Review: Theorising Labour Law in a Changing World – Towards Inclusive Labour Law","authors":"Silvia Rainone","doi":"10.1177/10242589211017822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211017822","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"136 1","pages":"263 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78178996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1177/10242589211017822b
Thomas Klikauer
employs many blue-collar workers, who are concentrated in fulfilment and sortation centres (Chapter 12, p. 196). Many chapters therefore discuss the organising and mobilising efforts of these workers. The effectiveness of this strategy has been seriously limited, however, because of ‘network redundancy’, as Chapter 7 explains very well. Given the number of fulfilment centres and the strongly data-driven processes, a strike or disruption in one centre will have little effect on customer services overall, as orders are easily rerouted to other centres. To really put pressure on Amazon, coordinated action is therefore required. The need for such (international) coordination is underlined in many of the chapters in this book (for example, Introduction, p. 12; Chapter 2, p. 46; Chapter 7, p. 126; Chapter 13; Chapter 16, p. 259; Conclusion), but none of them really go deep enough into the immense challenge of internationally organising a blue-collar workforce with a high turnover rate. Given that such a mobilisation strategy might be very difficult to implement, other strategies could focus on other weak points, such as organising the ‘last mile’ drivers or creating disruption among tech workers. Indeed, the book gives examples of successful campaigns among tech workers to change Amazon’s environmental policy. While this clearly shows the potential of organising these workers, it also indicates that the issues that matter to them differ substantially from those important to the blue-collar warehouse workers or drivers. As a European scholar, I feel the need to stress the obvious impact and importance of legal rules on workers’ participation in this context. While the US stories of organising at Amazon are clearly resourceand time-intensive, and led to local successes, the European stories are about organising a whole series of distribution centres and engaging in coordinated strikes. Europe’s laws on workers’ participation give it a head start: the legal requirement to establish works councils or negotiate with trade unions provide much easier access to workplaces, enabling much more effective organisation drives. This review does not do justice to all the book’s insights. All in all, it is the perfect introduction for any labour-oriented reader to the world of Amazon. The only points of criticism I would raise are (i) the lack of a more in-depth analysis of transnational unionism and organising, and (ii) the omission of a chapter on Amazon’s union-busting efforts in various countries. The last issue is touched upon in a number of chapters, but given the international criticism the company is currently being subjected to in this area a lot more could be said. The only thing that you, the reader, must now do is order the book. You can get it fairly cheaply via Amazon, and with next-day delivery if you’re a member of Amazon Prime.
{"title":"Book Review: Working in the Context of Austerity","authors":"Thomas Klikauer","doi":"10.1177/10242589211017822b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211017822b","url":null,"abstract":"employs many blue-collar workers, who are concentrated in fulfilment and sortation centres (Chapter 12, p. 196). Many chapters therefore discuss the organising and mobilising efforts of these workers. The effectiveness of this strategy has been seriously limited, however, because of ‘network redundancy’, as Chapter 7 explains very well. Given the number of fulfilment centres and the strongly data-driven processes, a strike or disruption in one centre will have little effect on customer services overall, as orders are easily rerouted to other centres. To really put pressure on Amazon, coordinated action is therefore required. The need for such (international) coordination is underlined in many of the chapters in this book (for example, Introduction, p. 12; Chapter 2, p. 46; Chapter 7, p. 126; Chapter 13; Chapter 16, p. 259; Conclusion), but none of them really go deep enough into the immense challenge of internationally organising a blue-collar workforce with a high turnover rate. Given that such a mobilisation strategy might be very difficult to implement, other strategies could focus on other weak points, such as organising the ‘last mile’ drivers or creating disruption among tech workers. Indeed, the book gives examples of successful campaigns among tech workers to change Amazon’s environmental policy. While this clearly shows the potential of organising these workers, it also indicates that the issues that matter to them differ substantially from those important to the blue-collar warehouse workers or drivers. As a European scholar, I feel the need to stress the obvious impact and importance of legal rules on workers’ participation in this context. While the US stories of organising at Amazon are clearly resourceand time-intensive, and led to local successes, the European stories are about organising a whole series of distribution centres and engaging in coordinated strikes. Europe’s laws on workers’ participation give it a head start: the legal requirement to establish works councils or negotiate with trade unions provide much easier access to workplaces, enabling much more effective organisation drives. This review does not do justice to all the book’s insights. All in all, it is the perfect introduction for any labour-oriented reader to the world of Amazon. The only points of criticism I would raise are (i) the lack of a more in-depth analysis of transnational unionism and organising, and (ii) the omission of a chapter on Amazon’s union-busting efforts in various countries. The last issue is touched upon in a number of chapters, but given the international criticism the company is currently being subjected to in this area a lot more could be said. The only thing that you, the reader, must now do is order the book. You can get it fairly cheaply via Amazon, and with next-day delivery if you’re a member of Amazon Prime.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"267 - 272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83253605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1177/10242589211017822a
Stan De Spiegelaere
{"title":"Book Review: The Cost of Free Shipping. Amazon in the Global Economy","authors":"Stan De Spiegelaere","doi":"10.1177/10242589211017822a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211017822a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"265 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82763096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.1177/10242589211002630
W. Conen, P. de Beer
The scope and structure of multiple jobholding and its consequences for multiple jobholders are changing in many Western economies. Only limited quantitative empirical knowledge is currently available on the changing features of multiple jobholding and whether the economic vulnerability of multiple jobholders has been changing over time. In this article we focus on the position and trends of multiple jobholders compared with single jobholders in Europe. We study this in terms of working hours, workers’ desire to work more hours, and in-work poverty. To that end, we analyse data since the early 2000s from the EU Labour Force Survey and from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Our findings show that multiple jobholding is a significant and increasing labour market phenomenon in many advanced economies, with changing characteristics, for example in terms of gender distribution and combinations of contracts. In-work poverty is relatively high among non-standard workers, but the findings do not indicate a deteriorating trend effect. In-work poverty seems to be on the rise among people who are single, for both single jobholders and multiple jobholders.
{"title":"When two (or more) do not equal one: an analysis of the changing nature of multiple and single jobholding in Europe","authors":"W. Conen, P. de Beer","doi":"10.1177/10242589211002630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211002630","url":null,"abstract":"The scope and structure of multiple jobholding and its consequences for multiple jobholders are changing in many Western economies. Only limited quantitative empirical knowledge is currently available on the changing features of multiple jobholding and whether the economic vulnerability of multiple jobholders has been changing over time. In this article we focus on the position and trends of multiple jobholders compared with single jobholders in Europe. We study this in terms of working hours, workers’ desire to work more hours, and in-work poverty. To that end, we analyse data since the early 2000s from the EU Labour Force Survey and from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Our findings show that multiple jobholding is a significant and increasing labour market phenomenon in many advanced economies, with changing characteristics, for example in terms of gender distribution and combinations of contracts. In-work poverty is relatively high among non-standard workers, but the findings do not indicate a deteriorating trend effect. In-work poverty seems to be on the rise among people who are single, for both single jobholders and multiple jobholders.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"165 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88143119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-15DOI: 10.1177/1024258921991039
Lukas Jerg, J. O’Reilly, Karin Schulze Buschoff
Working in two or more jobs at the same time creates special needs in terms of social security that differ from those of standard dependent employees or the self-employed. To investigate how well social security systems adapt to multiple jobholders we examine three case studies of countries with different levels and trends in multiple jobholding: Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany. We review recent trends and policies to address social protection gaps for multiple jobholders in these countries prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the extent to which the emergence of the ‘platform economy’ can exacerbate multiple jobholding. We conclude that attempts to resolve the gaps in social security protection reflect distinctive characteristics of each employment system.
{"title":"Adapting social protection to the needs of multiple jobholders in Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany","authors":"Lukas Jerg, J. O’Reilly, Karin Schulze Buschoff","doi":"10.1177/1024258921991039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258921991039","url":null,"abstract":"Working in two or more jobs at the same time creates special needs in terms of social security that differ from those of standard dependent employees or the self-employed. To investigate how well social security systems adapt to multiple jobholders we examine three case studies of countries with different levels and trends in multiple jobholding: Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany. We review recent trends and policies to address social protection gaps for multiple jobholders in these countries prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the extent to which the emergence of the ‘platform economy’ can exacerbate multiple jobholding. We conclude that attempts to resolve the gaps in social security protection reflect distinctive characteristics of each employment system.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"237 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90181786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-12DOI: 10.1177/1024258921992629
Anna Ilsøe, T. Larsen, E. S. Bach
Although recent studies indicate that multiple jobholding is widespread in the digital platform economy, the interaction between people’s engagement with digital platforms and the conventional labour market is rarely explored. This article brings new insights into this interaction, exploring the income of individuals combining paid work in the conventional labour market with income from distinct digital platforms. Based on two large-scale representative surveys of a random sample of 18,000 people in 2017 and 2019 in combination with administrative register data, we demonstrate how labour and capital platforms attract different income groups. We also find that online income in combination with non-platform income sources such as traditional jobs exacerbate the segmentation tendencies found in the conventional labour market. An increasing share of rich and poor seem to use different platforms, indicating a potential hierarchy of labour market segments in both the online and the conventional labour markets.
{"title":"Multiple jobholding in the digital platform economy: signs of segmentation","authors":"Anna Ilsøe, T. Larsen, E. S. Bach","doi":"10.1177/1024258921992629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258921992629","url":null,"abstract":"Although recent studies indicate that multiple jobholding is widespread in the digital platform economy, the interaction between people’s engagement with digital platforms and the conventional labour market is rarely explored. This article brings new insights into this interaction, exploring the income of individuals combining paid work in the conventional labour market with income from distinct digital platforms. Based on two large-scale representative surveys of a random sample of 18,000 people in 2017 and 2019 in combination with administrative register data, we demonstrate how labour and capital platforms attract different income groups. We also find that online income in combination with non-platform income sources such as traditional jobs exacerbate the segmentation tendencies found in the conventional labour market. An increasing share of rich and poor seem to use different platforms, indicating a potential hierarchy of labour market segments in both the online and the conventional labour markets.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"201 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79267882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-05DOI: 10.1177/1024258920985417
W. Conen, Jonas Stein
This article contributes to research on the embeddedness of multiple work arrangements in the employment biography. We investigate transition and duration effects of multiple jobholding on financial and non-financial job outcomes, and the role of flexible work arrangements and household contexts. To that end, we examine panel data from Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands for the period between 2002 and 2017. The findings underscore the importance of economic factors in the decision to work multiple jobs and reveal that labour market contexts play a significant role in outcomes. Findings furthermore indicate negative well-being effects for those who have both multiple jobs and children. For a substantial share of workers, holding multiple jobs occurs in relatively short-term episodes, posing the question of whether episodes of multiple jobholding necessarily come with either clear enrichment or depletion effects, or are merely a phase in the overall employment biography.
{"title":"A panel study of the consequences of multiple jobholding: enrichment and depletion effects","authors":"W. Conen, Jonas Stein","doi":"10.1177/1024258920985417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258920985417","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to research on the embeddedness of multiple work arrangements in the employment biography. We investigate transition and duration effects of multiple jobholding on financial and non-financial job outcomes, and the role of flexible work arrangements and household contexts. To that end, we examine panel data from Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands for the period between 2002 and 2017. The findings underscore the importance of economic factors in the decision to work multiple jobs and reveal that labour market contexts play a significant role in outcomes. Findings furthermore indicate negative well-being effects for those who have both multiple jobs and children. For a substantial share of workers, holding multiple jobs occurs in relatively short-term episodes, posing the question of whether episodes of multiple jobholding necessarily come with either clear enrichment or depletion effects, or are merely a phase in the overall employment biography.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"219 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84827313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.1177/1024258921995006
Maria da Paz Campos Lima, Diogo Martins, A. C. Costa, A. Velez
Internal devaluation policies imposed in southern European countries since 2010 have weakened labour market institutions and intensified wage inequality and the falling wage share. The debate in the wake of the financial and economic crisis raised concerns about slow wage growth and persistent economic inequality. This article attempts to shed light on this debate, scrutinising the case of Portugal in the period 2010–2017. Mapping the broad developments at the national level, the article examines four sectors, looking in particular at the impact of minimum wages and collective bargaining on wage trends vis-à-vis wage inequality and wage share trajectories. We conclude that both minimum wage increases and the slight recovery of collective bargaining had a positive effect on wage outcomes and were important in reducing wage inequality. The extent of this reduction was limited, however, by uneven sectoral recovery dynamics and the persistent effects of precarious work, combined with critical liberalisation reforms.
{"title":"Internal devaluation and economic inequality in Portugal: challenges to industrial relations in times of crisis and recovery","authors":"Maria da Paz Campos Lima, Diogo Martins, A. C. Costa, A. Velez","doi":"10.1177/1024258921995006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258921995006","url":null,"abstract":"Internal devaluation policies imposed in southern European countries since 2010 have weakened labour market institutions and intensified wage inequality and the falling wage share. The debate in the wake of the financial and economic crisis raised concerns about slow wage growth and persistent economic inequality. This article attempts to shed light on this debate, scrutinising the case of Portugal in the period 2010–2017. Mapping the broad developments at the national level, the article examines four sectors, looking in particular at the impact of minimum wages and collective bargaining on wage trends vis-à-vis wage inequality and wage share trajectories. We conclude that both minimum wage increases and the slight recovery of collective bargaining had a positive effect on wage outcomes and were important in reducing wage inequality. The extent of this reduction was limited, however, by uneven sectoral recovery dynamics and the persistent effects of precarious work, combined with critical liberalisation reforms.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"47 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80740454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.1177/1024258920985652
Jonas Bals
{"title":"Book Review: Posted Work in the European Union. The Political Economy of Free Movement","authors":"Jonas Bals","doi":"10.1177/1024258920985652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258920985652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"129 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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