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Mosquito pollination of plants: an overview of their role and an assessment of the possible contribution of disease vectors. 蚊子为植物授粉:概述其作用并评估病媒的可能贡献。
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00394-w
Woodbridge A Foster

Mosquitoes visit flowers to obtain sugar or other nutrients and therefore possibly serve as major or minor pollinators of some plant species. They also often derive plant nutrients from other sources, such as extrafloral nectaries and honeydew. In a few cases, the plant-mosquito relationship is close, and mosquito pollination has been confirmed. Most plant species visited by mosquitoes, however, appear to depend on multiple means of pollination, particularly other flower-feeding insects. In addition, most mosquito species visit the flowers of many kinds of plants, possibly dispersing pollen in both biologically meaningful and irrelevant ways. This apparent lack of selectivity by both plants and mosquitoes liberates each of them from dependence on an unreliable pollen vehicle or nutrient source. A hypothetical pollinating role for the two top vectors of devastating human-disease pathogens, Anopheles gambiae or Aedes aegypti, relies on indirect evidence. So far, this evidence suggests that their participation in pollen transfer of native, introduced, or beneficial plants is negligible. The few plant species likely to be pollinated by these vectors are mostly invasive, harmful weeds associated with humans. That conclusion draws support from four characteristics of these vectors: (1) the numerous alternative potential pollinators of the flowers they visit; (2) their common use of diverse non-floral sources of nutrients; (3) the females' infrequent sugar feeding and heavy reliance on human blood for energy; and (4) their relatively low population densities. From these traits it follows that focused suppression or elimination of these two vectors, by whatever means, is highly unlikely to have adverse effects on pollination in endemic biotic communities or on ornamental plants or food crops.

蚊子访花是为了获取糖分或其他营养物质,因此可能是某些植物物种的主要或次要授粉者。它们还经常从其他来源获取植物营养,例如花蜜和蜜露。在少数情况下,植物与蚊子的关系密切,蚊子授粉已被证实。不过,蚊子拜访的大多数植物物种似乎都依赖多种授粉方式,特别是其他食花昆虫。此外,大多数蚊子种类会光顾多种植物的花朵,可能以对生物有意义或无关紧要的方式传播花粉。植物和蚊子显然都没有选择性,这就使它们各自摆脱了对不可靠的花粉媒介或营养源的依赖。冈比亚按蚊和埃及伊蚊这两种破坏性人类疾病病原体的主要传播媒介的授粉作用假设依赖于间接证据。到目前为止,这些证据表明,它们在本地、引进或有益植物的花粉传播中的参与微乎其微。可能由这些媒介授粉的少数植物物种大多是与人类有关的入侵性有害杂草。这一结论可以从这些媒介的四个特点中得到支持:(1)它们所到之处的花朵有许多潜在的授粉者;(2)它们通常使用各种非花卉养分来源;(3)雌虫不经常摄取糖分,严重依赖人体血液获取能量;(4)它们的种群密度相对较低。根据这些特征,无论采用何种手段,集中抑制或消灭这两种媒介都不太可能对地方生物群落或观赏植物或粮食作物的授粉产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Tracing scientific and technological development in genetically modified crops 追踪转基因作物的科技发展情况
IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00412-x
Anurag Kanaujia, Solanki Gupta

Genetically Modified (GM) Organisms have been used in various domains since their introduction in the 1980s. According to ISAAA data, the use of GM crops in agriculture has also increased significantly in the past 30 years. However, even after 3 decades of commercialisation, GM crops are still surrounded with controversies with different countries adopting varying approaches to their introduction in the consumer markets, owing to different stances of various stakeholders. Motivated by this multitude of opinions, and absence of knowledge mapping, this study has undertaken scientometric analysis of the publication (Web of Science) and patent (Lens.org) data about genetically modified technology use in agriculture to explore the changing knowledge patterns and technological advancements in the area. It explores both scientific and technological perspectives regarding the use of Genetically Modified Crops, by using publication as well as patent data. The findings of this study highlight the major domains of research, technology development, and leading actors in the ecosystem. These findings can be helpful in taking effective policy decisions, and furthering the research activities. It presents a composite picture using both publications and patent data. Further, it will be of utility to explore the other technologies which are replacing GM technology in agriculture in future studies.

转基因生物自 20 世纪 80 年代问世以来,已被广泛应用于各个领域。根据国际农业生物学家和植物学家协会的数据,在过去 30 年中,转基因作物在农业中的使用也显著增加。然而,即使转基因作物已经商业化了 30 年,但由于各利益相关方的立场不同,不同国家在将转基因作物引入消费市场时采取的方法也不尽相同,因此转基因作物仍然饱受争议。在众说纷纭和缺乏知识图谱的情况下,本研究对有关转基因技术在农业中应用的出版物(Web of Science)和专利(Lens.org)数据进行了科学计量分析,以探索该领域不断变化的知识模式和技术进步。研究利用出版物和专利数据,从科学和技术两个角度探讨了转基因作物的使用。研究结果突出了研究、技术开发和生态系统中主要参与者的主要领域。这些研究结果有助于做出有效的政策决定和推进研究活动。它利用出版物和专利数据展示了一幅综合图景。此外,在今后的研究中,对农业中替代转基因技术的其他技术进行探讨也将有所帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Bending away from salt: a SMB-AUX1 story 远离盐:SMB-AUX1 的故事
IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00409-6
Hamza Sohail, Iqra Noor, Xuewen Xu, Xuehao Chen, Xiaodong Yang

The study by Zheng et al. (2024) identifies a NAC transcription factor, SOMBRERO (SMB), localized in the root cap of Arabidopsis, which is essential for root halotropism. SMB influences root halotropism by establishing asymmetric auxin distribution in the lateral root cap (LRC) and maintaining the expression of the auxin influx carrier gene AUX1. This mechanism leads to directional root bending away from high salinity areas. The findings reveal the SMB-AUX1-auxin module as a crucial mediator in root cap signaling and root halotropic response.

Zheng等人(2024年)的研究发现了一个定位于拟南芥根帽的NAC转录因子SOMBRERO(SMB),它对根的半向性至关重要。SMB 通过在侧根帽(LRC)中建立不对称的辅助素分布和维持辅助素流入载体基因 AUX1 的表达来影响根的半向性。这一机制导致根系定向弯曲,远离高盐度区域。研究结果表明,SMB-AUX1-auxin 模块是根帽信号转导和根系向卤反应的关键中介。
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引用次数: 0
Field performance and nitrous oxide emissions of transgenic nitrogen use efficient rice lines cultivated in tropical paddy fields 热带稻田中种植的转基因氮利用高效水稻品系的田间表现和一氧化二氮排放量
IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00410-z
Atmitri Sisharmini, Anicetus Wihardjaka, Wening Enggarini, Aniversari Apriana, Aris Hairmansis, Bahagiawati Amirhusin

Nitrogen (N) fertilizers make up the majority of the input used in rice production, and their excess application leads to significant environmental pollution. Developing rice varieties with improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential to maintain the sustainability of rice production. This study aims to evaluate the performance of transgenic Oryza sativa japonica cv. Kitaake expressing the barley (Hordeum vulgare) alanine aminotransferase (HvAlaAT) gene in response to different levels of N fertilizer application under tropical paddy field conditions. Results from this study demonstrate that transgenic nitrogen use efficient Kitaake rice (Kitaake NUE) displays a grain yield increase of up to 41% compared to Kitaake null. Transgenic Kitaake NUE expressing the HvAlaAT gene displays a higher N uptake and achieves a higher nitrogen use efficiency compared to control plants while maintaining lower nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes. The reduction in N2O emissions in Kitaake NUE compared to Kitaake null ranges from 37.5 to 96.3%. The transgenic Kitaake NUE used in this study has potential as a donor to improve the nitrogen use efficiency of indica rice for better adaptability to tropical conditions.

氮(N)肥料占水稻生产投入的绝大部分,过量施用氮肥会造成严重的环境污染。开发氮利用效率(NUE)更高的水稻品种对于保持水稻生产的可持续性至关重要。本研究旨在评估表达大麦(Hordeum vulgare)丙氨酸氨基转移酶(HvAlaAT)基因的转基因 Oryza sativa japonica cv. Kitaake 在热带稻田条件下对不同氮肥施用量的响应表现。这项研究的结果表明,转基因氮利用效率高的北岳水稻(Kitaake NUE)的谷物产量比无效的北岳水稻提高了 41%。与对照植物相比,表达 HvAlaAT 基因的转基因北竹 NUE 对氮的吸收率更高,氮利用效率更高,同时保持较低的一氧化二氮(N2O)通量。与 Kitaake null 相比,Kitaake NUE 的一氧化二氮排放量减少了 37.5% 至 96.3%。本研究中使用的转基因 Kitaake NUE 有可能成为提高籼稻氮利用效率的供体,从而更好地适应热带条件。
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引用次数: 0
NORE1A loss promotes MASLD/MASH NORE1A 缺失会促进 MASLD/MASH
IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00407-8
Howard Donninger, Katherine Hobbing, Gavin E. Arteel, Geoffrey J. Clark

NORE1A (RASSF5) is a tumor suppressor that is frequently down-regulated in liver tumors. It is an upstream component of the HIPPO pathway, a key regulator of liver development and metabolism. HIPPO disruption can lead to the development of MASLD/MASH. While studying the phenotype of NORE1A knockout mice, we noticed that they exhibit no overt liver tumor phenotype, but have a strong propensity to develop fatty livers characteristic of MASLD/MASH. Additionally, knockdown of NORE1A in liver cells upregulates sterol regulator element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), whose deregulation is central to the development MASLD. Examination of primary human MASLD samples showed an inverse correlation between the expression of NORE1A protein and TAZ, a downstream effector of the HIPPO pathway. Thus, loss of NORE1A expression may contribute to the development of MASLD/MASH in humans and NORE1A knockout mice may provide a new MASLD/MASH model that more accurately mimics the human disease.

NORE1A(RASSF5)是一种肿瘤抑制因子,在肝脏肿瘤中经常下调。它是 HIPPO 通路的上游成分,而 HIPPO 是肝脏发育和新陈代谢的关键调节因子。HIPPO中断可导致MASLD/MASH的发生。在研究 NORE1A 基因敲除小鼠的表型时,我们注意到它们没有表现出明显的肝肿瘤表型,但却有强烈的倾向发展成 MASLD/MASH 特征的脂肪肝。此外,敲除肝细胞中的 NORE1A 会上调固醇调节因子结合蛋白 1(SREBP1),而固醇调节因子结合蛋白 1 的失调是导致 MASLD 的核心原因。对原发性人类 MASLD 样本的研究表明,NORE1A 蛋白的表达与 HIPPO 通路的下游效应因子 TAZ 之间存在反相关性。因此,NORE1A的表达缺失可能会导致人类MASLD/MASH的发生,而NORE1A基因敲除小鼠可能会提供一种新的MASLD/MASH模型,更准确地模拟人类疾病。
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引用次数: 0
Expression of a single-chain monellin (MNEI) mutant with enhanced stability in transgenic mice milk. 在转基因小鼠乳汁中表达稳定性增强的单链蒙奈林(MNEI)突变体。
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00389-7
Rui Lu, Xiaoming Li, Jian Hu, Yancui Wang, Le Jin

Monellin is a sweet protein that may be used as a safe and healthy sweetener. However, due to its low stability, the application of monellin is currently very limited. Here, we describe a wild-type, a double-sites mutant (E2N/E23A) and a triple-sites mutant (N14A/E23Q/S76Y) of single-chain monellin (MNEI) expressed in transgenic mice milk. Based on enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), Western blot, and sweetness intensity testing, their sweetness and stability were compared. After boiling for 2 min at different pH conditions (2.5, 5.1, 6.8, and 8.2), N14A/E23Q/S76Y-MNEI showed significantly higher sweetness and stability than the wild-type and E2N/E23A-MNEI. These results suggest that N14A/E23Q/S76Y-MNEI shows remarkable potential as a sweetener in the future.

莫奈林是一种甜蛋白,可用作安全健康的甜味剂。然而,由于其稳定性较低,莫奈林的应用目前非常有限。在这里,我们描述了在转基因小鼠牛奶中表达的单链莫奈林(MNEI)的野生型、双位点突变体(E2N/E23A)和三位点突变体(N14A/E23Q/S76Y)。根据酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)、Western 印迹和甜度强度测试,比较了它们的甜度和稳定性。在不同的 pH 条件(2.5、5.1、6.8 和 8.2)下煮沸 2 分钟后,N14A/E23Q/S76Y-MNEI 的甜度和稳定性明显高于野生型和 E2N/E23A-MNEI。这些结果表明,N14A/E23Q/S76Y-MNEI 在未来作为甜味剂具有显著的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Developmental and therapeutic implications of IL4ra expression for rhabdomyosarcoma. IL4ra表达对横纹肌肉瘤的发育和治疗意义
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00390-0
David W Edwards, Gabrielle M Kroepfl, Jacob M Jackson, Sonja Chen, Lisa Hudson-Price, Ganapati Srinivasa, Kavya Kannan, Qianqian Liu, Joel E Michalek, Charles Keller

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a solid tumor whose metastatic progression can be accelerated through interleukin-4 receptor alpha (Il4ra) mediated interaction with normal muscle stem cells (satellite cells). To understand the function of Il4ra in this tumor initiation phase of RMS, we conditionally deleted Il4ra in genetically-engineered RMS mouse models. Nullizygosity of Il4ra altered the latency, site and/or stage distribution of RMS tumors compared to IL4RA intact models. Primary tumor cell cultures taken from the genetically-engineered models then used in orthotopic allografts further defined the interaction of satellite cells and RMS tumor cells in the context of tumor initiation: in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), satellite cell co-injection was necessary for Il4ra null tumor cells engraftment, whereas in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), satellite cell co-injection decreased latency of engraftment of Il4ra wildtype tumor cells but not Il4ra null tumor cells. When refocusing on Il4ra wildtype tumors by single cell sequencing and cytokine studies, we have uncovered a putative signaling interplay of Il4 from T-lymphocytes being received by Il4ra + rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells, which in turn express Ccl2, the ligand for Ccr2 and Ccr5. Taken together, these results suggest that mutations imposed during tumor initiation have different effects than genetic or therapeutic intervention imposed once tumors are already formed. We also propose that CCL2 and its cognate receptors CCR2 and/or CCR5 are potential therapeutic targets in Il4ra mediated RMS progression.

横纹肌肉瘤(RMS)是一种实体瘤,其转移进展可通过白细胞介素-4受体α(Il4ra)介导的与正常肌肉干细胞(卫星细胞)的相互作用而加速。为了了解Il4ra在RMS肿瘤起始阶段的功能,我们在基因工程RMS小鼠模型中条件性地删除了Il4ra。与完整的Il4RA模型相比,Il4ra的缺失改变了RMS肿瘤的潜伏期、部位和/或分期分布。从基因工程模型中提取的原代肿瘤细胞培养物被用于正位异位移植,这进一步确定了卫星细胞和RMS肿瘤细胞在肿瘤发生过程中的相互作用:在肺泡横纹肌肉瘤(ARMS)中,卫星细胞联合注射是Il4ra无效肿瘤细胞移植物的必要条件;而在胚胎横纹肌肉瘤(ERMS)中,卫星细胞联合注射会降低Il4ra野生型肿瘤细胞移植物的潜伏期,但不会降低Il4ra无效肿瘤细胞的潜伏期。在通过单细胞测序和细胞因子研究重新关注Il4ra野生型肿瘤时,我们发现了Il4ra+横纹肌肉瘤肿瘤细胞接收来自T淋巴细胞的Il4的假定信号相互作用,而T淋巴细胞又表达Ccl2(Ccr2和Ccr5的配体)。综上所述,这些结果表明,在肿瘤形成过程中施加的突变与肿瘤形成后施加的遗传或治疗干预具有不同的效果。我们还提出,CCL2 及其同源受体 CCR2 和/或 CCR5 是 Il4ra 介导的 RMS 进展的潜在治疗靶点。
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引用次数: 0
The role of microRNAs in NBS-LRR gene expression and its implications for plant immunity and crop development. microRNA 在 NBS-LRR 基因表达中的作用及其对植物免疫和作物生长发育的影响。
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00387-9
J C M Rodrigues, J Carrijo, R M Anjos, N B Cunha, P Grynberg, F J L Aragão, G R Vianna

Plants evolved, over millions of years, complex defense systems against pathogens. Once infected, the interaction between pathogen effector molecules and host receptors triggers plant immune responses, which include apoptosis, systemic immune response, among others. An important protein family responsible for pathogen effector recognition is the nucleotide binding site-leucine repeat rich (NBS-LRR) proteins. The NBS-LRR gene family is the largest disease resistance gene class in plants. These proteins are widely distributed in vascular plants and have a complex multigenic cluster distribution in plant genomes. To counteract the genetic load of such a large gene family on fitness cost, plants evolved a mechanism using post transcriptional gene silencing induced by small RNAs, particularly microRNAs. For the NBS-LRR gene family, the small RNAs involved in this silencing mechanism are mainly the microRNA482/2118 superfamily. This suppression mechanism is relieved upon pathogen infection, thus allowing increased NBS-LRR expression and triggering plant immunity. In this review, we will discuss the biogenesis of microRNAs and secondary RNAs involved in this silencing mechanism, biochemical and structural features of NBS-LRR proteins in response to pathogen effectors and the evolution of microRNA-based silencing mechanism with a focus on the miR482/2118 family. Furthermore, the biotechnological manipulation of microRNA expression, using both transgenic or genome editing approaches to improve cultivated plants will be discussed, with a focus on the miR482/2118 family in soybean.

经过数百万年的进化,植物进化出了针对病原体的复杂防御系统。一旦受到感染,病原体效应分子与宿主受体之间的相互作用会引发植物免疫反应,其中包括细胞凋亡、系统免疫反应等。负责识别病原体效应分子的一个重要蛋白家族是富含核苷酸结合位点-亮氨酸重复(NBS-LRR)蛋白。NBS-LRR 基因家族是植物中最大的抗病基因家族。这些蛋白广泛分布于维管束植物中,并在植物基因组中有复杂的多基因簇分布。为了抵消如此庞大的基因家族对健康成本造成的遗传负荷,植物进化出了一种由小 RNA(尤其是 microRNA)诱导的转录后基因沉默机制。对于 NBS-LRR 基因家族来说,参与这种沉默机制的小 RNA 主要是 microRNA482/2118 超家族。当病原体感染时,这种抑制机制会被解除,从而使 NBS-LRR 表达增加,引发植物免疫。在这篇综述中,我们将以 miR482/2118 家族为重点,讨论参与这种沉默机制的 microRNA 和次级 RNA 的生物发生、NBS-LRR 蛋白对病原体效应物的生化和结构特征,以及基于 microRNA 的沉默机制的演变。此外,还将讨论利用转基因或基因组编辑方法改良栽培植物的 microRNA 表达的生物技术操作,重点是大豆中的 miR482/2118 家族。
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引用次数: 0
Stress responsive ZmWRKY53 gene increases cold tolerance in rice. 应激反应 ZmWRKY53 基因提高了水稻的耐寒性。
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00386-w
Song-Hyok Pak, Tae-Song Ri, Tong-Su Ho, Gyong-Song Kim, Hyok-Il Kim, Un-Hyang Ho

Plant WRKY transcription factors are responsible for biotic and abiotic stresses and play an important role in enhancing their adaptability. The AtWRKY33 is a gene that functions in response to abiotic stresses such as low temperature, drought, salinity, etc. In this study, a recombinant vector YG8198-ZmWRKY53 carrying the ZmWRKY53, an interspecific homolog of the dicotyledonous AtWRKY33, was transferred to rice plants by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The ectopic expression of the ZmWRKY53 in transgenic rice plants conferred cold tolerance with a higher accumulation of free proline and water-soluble sugars, an increase in chlorophyll content, a decrease in electrolyte leakage rate and MDA levels compared to control plants. This result suggests that ZmWRKY53 may confer cold tolerance in rice.

植物 WRKY 转录因子负责生物和非生物胁迫,在提高植物适应性方面发挥着重要作用。AtWRKY33 是一个能对低温、干旱、盐度等非生物胁迫做出反应的基因。本研究通过农杆菌介导转化法将携带双子叶植物 AtWRKY33 种间同源基因 ZmWRKY53 的重组载体 YG8198-ZmWRKY53 转入水稻植株。与对照植株相比,ZmWRKY53 在转基因水稻植株中的异位表达使植株具有较高的耐寒性,游离脯氨酸和水溶性糖积累增加,叶绿素含量增加,电解质渗漏率和 MDA 水平降低。这一结果表明,ZmWRKY53 可能赋予水稻耐寒性。
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引用次数: 0
Phytoremediation: a transgenic perspective in omics era. 植物修复:omics 时代的转基因视角。
IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00393-x
Abdullah Al Mamun, M Mizanur Rahman, Md Amdadul Huq, Md Mashiar Rahman, Md Rasel Rana, Shabiha Tasbir Rahman, Mst Lata Khatun, Md Khasrul Alam

Phytoremediation is an environmental safety strategy that might serve as a viable preventative approach to reduce soil contamination in a cost-effective manner. Using plants to remediate pollution from the environment is referred to as phytoremediation. In the past few decades, plants have undergone genetic manipulation to overcome inherent limitations by using genetically modified plants. This review illustrates the eco-friendly process of cleaning the environment using transgenic strategies combined with omics technologies. Herbicides tolerance and phytoremediation abilities have been established in genetically modified plants. Transgenic plants have eliminated the pesticides atrazine and metolachlor from the soil. To expand the application of genetically engineered plants for phytoremediation process, it is essential to test strategies in the field and have contingency planning. Omics techniques were used for understanding various genetic, hormonal, and metabolic pathways responsible for phytoremediation in soil. Transcriptomics and metabolomics provide useful information as resources to understand the mechanisms behind phytoremediation. This review aims to highlight the integration of transgenic strategies and omics technologies to enhance phytoremediation efficiency, emphasizing the need for field testing and comprehensive planning for successful implementation.

植物修复是一种环境安全策略,可以作为一种可行的预防性方法,以具有成本效益的方式减少土壤污染。利用植物修复环境污染被称为植物修复。在过去的几十年里,人们对植物进行了基因改造,利用转基因植物来克服固有的局限性。这篇综述阐述了利用转基因策略和全局技术清洁环境的生态友好过程。转基因植物具有耐除草剂能力和植物修复能力。转基因植物消除了土壤中的农药阿特拉津和甲草胺。为扩大转基因植物在植物修复过程中的应用,必须在实地测试相关策略并制定应急计划。Omics 技术用于了解土壤中植物修复的各种基因、激素和代谢途径。转录组学和代谢组学为了解植物修复背后的机制提供了有用的信息资源。本综述旨在突出转基因策略与 Omics 技术的整合,以提高植物修复效率,同时强调需要进行实地测试和全面规划,以便成功实施。
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引用次数: 0
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Transgenic Research
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