Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i2.043
Sharif Hossain Sourav, K. Anwar
INTRODUCTION The genus Arenga Labill and Livistona R. Br., are represented by one and two species in Bangladesh respectively (Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018). In Bangladesh, these genera were known to contain the following three species: Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Mart. and Livistona speciosa Kurz. (Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018). Sangu-Matamuhuri Reserve Forest is one of the last strongholds of biodiversity in Bangladesh (Creative Conservation Alliance 2016). Sangu Reserve Forest (SRF hereafter) is located in the south of Boro Modok in Thanchi Upazila of Bandarban District, Bangladesh (Fig. 1). The actual floral diversity of SRF is still unknown. We conducted a field exploration at this remote forest during February 2019. SRF is a part of the Indo-Burma Biodiversity hot spot (Myers et al. 2000). SRF is the Sangu Wildlife Sanctuary (SWF), which was declared by the Forest Department of Bangladesh (Creative Conservation Alliance 2016). The climate of the region is tropical, with a mean annual rainfall of 2,666 mm. A dry and cool season occurs in that region from November to March, followed by a hot and sunny pre-monsoon season from April to May, and a warm, cloudy, and wet monsoon season from June to October (Khan 2015). During vegetation observation inside the forest, we found two species of unusual wild palms that are grown on hill slope sporadically associated with other vegetation and bearing fruits. Further, we reviewed the Siddiqui et al. (2007) and Rahman (2018) and confirmed these two palms are not reported from Bangladesh. Then the field photographs were sent to a palm specialist and finally examined as Arenga westerhoutii Griff. and Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. Hence, we reported these two species as new wild palms for Bangladesh. Direct observation has been done by a random walk inside the SRF (Fig. 1) and from the boat while moving in Sangu River. The field visit was from 20 th to 28 th February 2019. Clear photographs have taken for unknown plant species and also for the two unusual wild palms. We failed to collect any plant samples because they are grown on the top hills. Therefore, we took pictures with a telephoto lens. The photos are uploaded on a global database (inaturalist.org). The identification of these palms confirmed through field photographs that were examined by tropical Asian palm specialists.
沙棘属和沙棘属植物。在孟加拉国分别有一种和两种(Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018)。在孟加拉国，已知这些属含有以下三种:Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr;中国紫菜(jackq .)R.Br。集市。和利维斯托娜·特诺萨·库尔兹。(Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018)。桑格-马塔穆胡里保护区是孟加拉国生物多样性的最后据点之一(创意保护联盟2016年)。Sangu Reserve Forest(以下简称SRF)位于孟加拉国Bandarban区的Thanchi Upazila的Boro Modok南部(图1)。SRF的实际植物多样性尚不清楚。2019年2月，我们对这片偏远的森林进行了实地考察。SRF是印度-缅甸生物多样性热点的一部分(Myers et al. 2000)。SRF是由孟加拉国森林部(创意保护联盟2016年)宣布的Sangu野生动物保护区(SWF)。该地区属于热带气候，年平均降雨量为2666毫米。该地区从11月到3月是干燥和凉爽的季节，随后是4月至5月炎热和阳光充足的季风前季节，6月至10月是温暖、多云和潮湿的季风季节(Khan 2015)。在森林内的植被观测中，我们发现了两种罕见的野生棕榈树，它们零星地生长在山坡上，与其他植被为伴，结果实。此外，我们回顾了Siddiqui等人(2007)和Rahman(2018)，并确认这两种棕榈树没有来自孟加拉国的报告。然后，这些野外照片被送到一位棕榈树专家那里，最后被鉴定为Arenga westerhoutii Griff。和利维斯托娜·詹金斯娜·格里夫。因此，我们报道了这两种作为孟加拉国新的野生棕榈树。通过在SRF内随机漫步(图1)和在三谷河上移动时从船上进行直接观察。实地考察时间为2019年2月20日至28日。为未知的植物种类和两种不同寻常的野生棕榈树拍摄了清晰的照片。我们没有收集到任何植物样本，因为它们生长在山顶上。因此，我们用长焦镜头拍照。这些照片被上传到一个全球数据库(inaturalist.org)。这些棕榈树的鉴定通过亚洲热带棕榈树专家检查的实地照片得到证实。
{"title":"Arenga westerhoutii Griff. and Livistona jenkinsiana Griff., two new species of wild palms for Banglades","authors":"Sharif Hossain Sourav, K. Anwar","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i2.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i2.043","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION The genus Arenga Labill and Livistona R. Br., are represented by one and two species in Bangladesh respectively (Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018). In Bangladesh, these genera were known to contain the following three species: Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Mart. and Livistona speciosa Kurz. (Siddiqui et al. 2007, Rahman 2018). Sangu-Matamuhuri Reserve Forest is one of the last strongholds of biodiversity in Bangladesh (Creative Conservation Alliance 2016). Sangu Reserve Forest (SRF hereafter) is located in the south of Boro Modok in Thanchi Upazila of Bandarban District, Bangladesh (Fig. 1). The actual floral diversity of SRF is still unknown. We conducted a field exploration at this remote forest during February 2019. SRF is a part of the Indo-Burma Biodiversity hot spot (Myers et al. 2000). SRF is the Sangu Wildlife Sanctuary (SWF), which was declared by the Forest Department of Bangladesh (Creative Conservation Alliance 2016). The climate of the region is tropical, with a mean annual rainfall of 2,666 mm. A dry and cool season occurs in that region from November to March, followed by a hot and sunny pre-monsoon season from April to May, and a warm, cloudy, and wet monsoon season from June to October (Khan 2015). During vegetation observation inside the forest, we found two species of unusual wild palms that are grown on hill slope sporadically associated with other vegetation and bearing fruits. Further, we reviewed the Siddiqui et al. (2007) and Rahman (2018) and confirmed these two palms are not reported from Bangladesh. Then the field photographs were sent to a palm specialist and finally examined as Arenga westerhoutii Griff. and Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. Hence, we reported these two species as new wild palms for Bangladesh. Direct observation has been done by a random walk inside the SRF (Fig. 1) and from the boat while moving in Sangu River. The field visit was from 20 th to 28 th February 2019. Clear photographs have taken for unknown plant species and also for the two unusual wild palms. We failed to collect any plant samples because they are grown on the top hills. Therefore, we took pictures with a telephoto lens. The photos are uploaded on a global database (inaturalist.org). The identification of these palms confirmed through field photographs that were examined by tropical Asian palm specialists.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"374-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77587832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.012
Shaila Shermin Tania, M. Rhaman, M. Hossain
: Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment which enables the seed to germinate more efficiently and improves seedling vigor as well as yield. Hydro-priming is an important seed treatment technique for rapid seed germination and pre-sowing of seeds with halo-priming is also known as an effective tool. Therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of different priming sources with various durations on okra seeds germination and development. Two varieties of okra viz. BARI Dheros 2 (V 1 ) and Green finger okra (V 2 ) having four treatments (T 1 , non-primed seeds; T 2 , seed soaking with normal tap water ± 25ºC for 12 hr; T 3 , priming with hot water 50ºC for 5 min; T 4 , priming of seeds with 3% NaCl for 12 hr) were investigated in a completely randomized design (CRD), each treatment being replicated three times. Results of the study showed that maximum seed germination percentage (92.79%), seed vigor index (1019 cm), first flowering days, days to harvesting maturity, 1000 seeds weight, and total number of fruits per plant (29.5) were observed when the seeds primed by hot water 50 º C for 5 min. In this study, seed germination and all other parameters were also increased by normal water and halo-priming (3% NaCl). Our results showed that hydro-priming (with hot water) were found superior to hydro-priming (with normal water) and halo-priming (3% NaCl). Both priming influenced performance of two varieties, though green finger variety showed slightly better performance in almost all the parameters over the variety BARI Dheros 2. Our results suggest that hydro-priming and halo-priming can improve okra seed germination as well as okra production
{"title":"Hydro-priming and halo-priming improve seed germination, yield and yield contributing characters of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)","authors":"Shaila Shermin Tania, M. Rhaman, M. Hossain","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.012","url":null,"abstract":": Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment which enables the seed to germinate more efficiently and improves seedling vigor as well as yield. Hydro-priming is an important seed treatment technique for rapid seed germination and pre-sowing of seeds with halo-priming is also known as an effective tool. Therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of different priming sources with various durations on okra seeds germination and development. Two varieties of okra viz. BARI Dheros 2 (V 1 ) and Green finger okra (V 2 ) having four treatments (T 1 , non-primed seeds; T 2 , seed soaking with normal tap water ± 25ºC for 12 hr; T 3 , priming with hot water 50ºC for 5 min; T 4 , priming of seeds with 3% NaCl for 12 hr) were investigated in a completely randomized design (CRD), each treatment being replicated three times. Results of the study showed that maximum seed germination percentage (92.79%), seed vigor index (1019 cm), first flowering days, days to harvesting maturity, 1000 seeds weight, and total number of fruits per plant (29.5) were observed when the seeds primed by hot water 50 º C for 5 min. In this study, seed germination and all other parameters were also increased by normal water and halo-priming (3% NaCl). Our results showed that hydro-priming (with hot water) were found superior to hydro-priming (with normal water) and halo-priming (3% NaCl). Both priming influenced performance of two varieties, though green finger variety showed slightly better performance in almost all the parameters over the variety BARI Dheros 2. Our results suggest that hydro-priming and halo-priming can improve okra seed germination as well as okra production","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76501133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.021
D. Verma, Sapan Patel, Kalyan Singh Kushwah
The use of nanotechnology can fulfill food problems through crop improvement in future time. Nanoparticles can enhance the morphological growth and fruit yield of plants. Titanium is considered beneficial for the growth rate of plants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation method. The nanoparticles were carried out at room temperature using TiO2, NaOH and HCl as precursors. Its characterizations were completed by PSA (Particle Size Analyzer), UV-Vis Spectroscopy, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) recorded result was ranging from 60 to 200 nanometers and crystalline nature and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) of TiO2 nanoparticles. In this research study, we treated Phaseolus vulgaris seeds with five different type 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg l TiO2 nanoparticles concentrations for 1 week (7 days) in the culture tubes and examined morphological such as germination rate and time of seeds, root and shoot growth, height, number of leaves, pods and seeds and biochemical changes. Low concentrations 30 and 60 mg l boost root and shoot growth rate of seedlings and mature plants parameters. The high concentration 240 mg l affected these parameters in a negative manner. At the low concentrations increased height of plants, number of leaves and changed structure and chlorophyll content and weight of seed in treated plants.
{"title":"Synthesis of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and impact on morphological changes, seeds yield and phytotoxicity of Phaseolus vulgaris L.","authors":"D. Verma, Sapan Patel, Kalyan Singh Kushwah","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.021","url":null,"abstract":"The use of nanotechnology can fulfill food problems through crop improvement in future time. Nanoparticles can enhance the morphological growth and fruit yield of plants. Titanium is considered beneficial for the growth rate of plants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation method. The nanoparticles were carried out at room temperature using TiO2, NaOH and HCl as precursors. Its characterizations were completed by PSA (Particle Size Analyzer), UV-Vis Spectroscopy, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) recorded result was ranging from 60 to 200 nanometers and crystalline nature and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) of TiO2 nanoparticles. In this research study, we treated Phaseolus vulgaris seeds with five different type 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg l TiO2 nanoparticles concentrations for 1 week (7 days) in the culture tubes and examined morphological such as germination rate and time of seeds, root and shoot growth, height, number of leaves, pods and seeds and biochemical changes. Low concentrations 30 and 60 mg l boost root and shoot growth rate of seedlings and mature plants parameters. The high concentration 240 mg l affected these parameters in a negative manner. At the low concentrations increased height of plants, number of leaves and changed structure and chlorophyll content and weight of seed in treated plants.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91421428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.004
P. S. Michael
{"title":"Co-existence of organic matter and live plant macrophytes under flooded soil conditions acidify sulfidic soil of acid sulfate soils","authors":"P. S. Michael","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"20-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79491163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.006
B. Omomoh, V. Adekunle, P. D. Aigbe, F. O. Ademoh, B. M. Omomoh
The study investigated the germinable soil seed bank along three soil depths in a Tectona grandis plantation (Taungya farm) in Akure forest reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria. Three sampling plots of 50 by 50 m using systematic line transect were laid. Composition of the established plantation was assessed by taking fifteen different soil samples (0–3, 3–6 and 6–9 cm depth) at each plot and the seed banks composition was determined by greenhouse germination over a period of 3 months. In the soil seed bank seedling, the Shannon-Wienner index had 2.8. The result of other biodiversity indices were; 2.8 for species evenness value. For Margaref’s index of species richness, Taungya farm had value of 123.9. Species abundance in seedlings germinated from soil seed bank was observed as 349 species from Taungya farm. On the other hand, sapling densities, the common tree saplings in this plantation were Baphia nitida, Ficus exasperata and Rauvolfia vomitoria. The species abundance from the sapling was also observed in Taungya farm with the total of 27 seedling m.The value in the other biodiversity indices; Margalef’s index of species richness (4.19), Pielou’s species evenness index (0.9) and Shannon Weiner index (2.97). The similarity between the composition of the seed bank flora and that of the above vegetation (sapling) and established plantation was low throughout the study. The seed bank density and diversity for most species in this study were found to be greatly influenced by environmental factors. At low soil depth layer, richness is greater and herbaceous species dominate while at higher soil depth layer (0–9 cm) species richness diminishes and less dominates.
{"title":"Evaluation of soil seed bank-vegetation and regeneration potential of Tectona grandis L. f. plantation (Taungya farm) in Akure forest reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"B. Omomoh, V. Adekunle, P. D. Aigbe, F. O. Ademoh, B. M. Omomoh","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.006","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the germinable soil seed bank along three soil depths in a Tectona grandis plantation (Taungya farm) in Akure forest reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria. Three sampling plots of 50 by 50 m using systematic line transect were laid. Composition of the established plantation was assessed by taking fifteen different soil samples (0–3, 3–6 and 6–9 cm depth) at each plot and the seed banks composition was determined by greenhouse germination over a period of 3 months. In the soil seed bank seedling, the Shannon-Wienner index had 2.8. The result of other biodiversity indices were; 2.8 for species evenness value. For Margaref’s index of species richness, Taungya farm had value of 123.9. Species abundance in seedlings germinated from soil seed bank was observed as 349 species from Taungya farm. On the other hand, sapling densities, the common tree saplings in this plantation were Baphia nitida, Ficus exasperata and Rauvolfia vomitoria. The species abundance from the sapling was also observed in Taungya farm with the total of 27 seedling m.The value in the other biodiversity indices; Margalef’s index of species richness (4.19), Pielou’s species evenness index (0.9) and Shannon Weiner index (2.97). The similarity between the composition of the seed bank flora and that of the above vegetation (sapling) and established plantation was low throughout the study. The seed bank density and diversity for most species in this study were found to be greatly influenced by environmental factors. At low soil depth layer, richness is greater and herbaceous species dominate while at higher soil depth layer (0–9 cm) species richness diminishes and less dominates.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"85 1","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90374093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.010
Zewdie Kassa, Zemede Asfaw Z. Asfaw, S. Demissew
An ethno-ecological study on medicinal and wild edible plants was conducted in Sheka Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. The objective was to document and analyze the floristic composition and the associated ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal and wild edible plants. The study applied a combination of standard plant taxonomic, plant ecological and ethnobotanical methods. Ninety five plots of 30 m by 30 m for trees, 10 m by 10 m for shrubs and 5 m by 5 m for herbs were used to collect vegetation data. Four hundred fourteen informants were involved in the ethnobotanical data collection using semi-structured interviews and discussion with informants. Data were analyzed using R Statistical Software version 3.2.3 and analytical methods of ethnobotany. A total of 555 plant species of which 266 (48%) those used as medicinal; 35 (6.31%) wild plants consumed by people were recorded. The plant species recorded indicated high taxonomic diversity as they belong to 341 genera and 115 families. Eight plant community types were identified. In addition to climatic variability, five environmental factors including altitude, slope, aspect grazing, and disturbance had significant contributions in determining plant community types where altitude is the most influential. Fourteen major plant use categories were identified including the medicinal and the wild edibles. The medicinal plants are distributed within the eight plant communities constituting 46% to 72% of their species composition. Of the 35 wild edible plants, 85.71% were also said to be medicinal. Increasing population, commercial agriculture and firewood collection were among the major threats to the vegetation. Plant communities: Ficus-sur-Croton macrostachyus, Schefflera abyssinica-Syzygium guineense, Ilex mitis-Macaranga capensis and Arundinaria alpina-Lepidotrichillia volkensii plant community types constituted more than 65% of their species composition as medicinal, hence, need priority attention for conservation.
对埃塞俄比亚西南部谢卡地区药用和野生食用植物进行了民族生态学研究。目的是记录和分析药用和野生食用植物的区系组成和相关的民族植物学知识。本研究采用标准植物分类学、植物生态学和民族植物学相结合的方法。收集植被数据的样地共95块，其中乔木样地为30 m × 30 m，灌木样地为10 m × 10 m，草本样地为5 m × 5 m。通过半结构化访谈和与信息者的讨论，414名信息者参与了民族植物学数据的收集。采用R统计软件3.2.3版和民族植物学分析方法对数据进行分析。共有555种植物，其中药用植物266种(48%);记录到人类消费的野生植物35种(6.31%)。所记录的植物种类隶属于115科341属，具有较高的分类多样性。共鉴定出8种植物群落类型。除气候变异外，海拔、坡度、坡向放牧和干扰等5个环境因子对植物群落类型的影响也很大，其中海拔对植物群落类型的影响最大。确定了14种主要的植物用途类别，包括药用和野生食用。药用植物分布在8个植物群落中，占其物种组成的46% ~ 72%。35种野生食用植物中药用植物占85.71%。人口增长、商业农业和柴火收集是对植被的主要威胁。植物群落类型:药用植物群落类型占其物种组成的65%以上，需要重点保护。
{"title":"Ethno-ecological study of medicinal and wild edible plants in Sheka Zone, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"Zewdie Kassa, Zemede Asfaw Z. Asfaw, S. Demissew","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.010","url":null,"abstract":"An ethno-ecological study on medicinal and wild edible plants was conducted in Sheka Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. The objective was to document and analyze the floristic composition and the associated ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal and wild edible plants. The study applied a combination of standard plant taxonomic, plant ecological and ethnobotanical methods. Ninety five plots of 30 m by 30 m for trees, 10 m by 10 m for shrubs and 5 m by 5 m for herbs were used to collect vegetation data. Four hundred fourteen informants were involved in the ethnobotanical data collection using semi-structured interviews and discussion with informants. Data were analyzed using R Statistical Software version 3.2.3 and analytical methods of ethnobotany. A total of 555 plant species of which 266 (48%) those used as medicinal; 35 (6.31%) wild plants consumed by people were recorded. The plant species recorded indicated high taxonomic diversity as they belong to 341 genera and 115 families. Eight plant community types were identified. In addition to climatic variability, five environmental factors including altitude, slope, aspect grazing, and disturbance had significant contributions in determining plant community types where altitude is the most influential. Fourteen major plant use categories were identified including the medicinal and the wild edibles. The medicinal plants are distributed within the eight plant communities constituting 46% to 72% of their species composition. Of the 35 wild edible plants, 85.71% were also said to be medicinal. Increasing population, commercial agriculture and firewood collection were among the major threats to the vegetation. Plant communities: Ficus-sur-Croton macrostachyus, Schefflera abyssinica-Syzygium guineense, Ilex mitis-Macaranga capensis and Arundinaria alpina-Lepidotrichillia volkensii plant community types constituted more than 65% of their species composition as medicinal, hence, need priority attention for conservation.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"65-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77519527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i1.030
S. Subba, Kusum Gurung, S. Subba, S. Nepal
A total of 28 tree species were recorded in 0.024 ha in all along with the sampling plots. The higher individual plant density of trees was recorded for Shorea robusta followed by Schima wallichii and Pinus roxburghii.The high IVI exhibited by Shorea robusta is largely due to its higher relative frequency, relative density and relative dominance compared to other species. The occurrence of many species with low IVI values indicates that most species are rarely distributed in the forest. The result of species diversity showed the highest diversity index for trees (2.78) followed by sapling (2.55) and seedling (2.38). The value of species richness in the present study was found to be falling between ranges 15.81 to 37.81. According to girth classes, the tree species Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis followed almost a normal distribution curve with less trees belonging to smaller and big GBH classes suggesting a fairly stable population in the study area. A reverse J-shaped curve for Lagerstroemia parviflora, Schima wallichii, Pinus roxburghii, Terminalia crenata which depicts more of the characteristics of a stable population is found. Quantitative evaluation and analysis of the community structure are important for accurate assessment of biodiversity.
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of vegetation structure, composition and species diversity of moist Sal bearing tropical forest of Sumbuk reserve forest in South Sikkim, India","authors":"S. Subba, Kusum Gurung, S. Subba, S. Nepal","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i1.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i1.030","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 28 tree species were recorded in 0.024 ha in all along with the sampling plots. The higher individual plant density of trees was recorded for Shorea robusta followed by Schima wallichii and Pinus roxburghii.The high IVI exhibited by Shorea robusta is largely due to its higher relative frequency, relative density and relative dominance compared to other species. The occurrence of many species with low IVI values indicates that most species are rarely distributed in the forest. The result of species diversity showed the highest diversity index for trees (2.78) followed by sapling (2.55) and seedling (2.38). The value of species richness in the present study was found to be falling between ranges 15.81 to 37.81. According to girth classes, the tree species Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis followed almost a normal distribution curve with less trees belonging to smaller and big GBH classes suggesting a fairly stable population in the study area. A reverse J-shaped curve for Lagerstroemia parviflora, Schima wallichii, Pinus roxburghii, Terminalia crenata which depicts more of the characteristics of a stable population is found. Quantitative evaluation and analysis of the community structure are important for accurate assessment of biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"245-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84761869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.015
S. Paul, S. K. Upadhyay, Nripendra Singh
The serious health and environmental problem arises due to arsenic, across the globe. Several researcher have drawn their attention to these problems, arsenic mainly found in soil, aquifer water/drinking water through naturally. In the present study, physicochemical and arsenic content were observed in two types of soil from different agricultural sites of district Ballia, one type of agricultural sites were irrigated by BWDI and other agriculture sites were not BWNDI. Agricultural soil sites (∑N= 209) of BWDI revealed that all soil samples have arsenic content and maximum arsenic concentration (55 ppb) were observed at sites of Basdih, district Ballia, while arsenic content was not detected on the soils of other agricultural field sites (N=∑30) which were based on BWNDI. Interesting and significant observation observed on the surveys based on farmers of the chosen sites, there are no industries or activities found who are able to correlate the high concentration of arsenic in soil except bore well water. Arsenic contents were observed in the 250 bore well water samples and their concentrations were varied with bore well depth. Beyond the 100 feet depth of bore well water showed the maximum concentration of arsenic as compared with 40 feet depth. The high concentration of arsenic, as well as its more retention time, reduces seed viability of radish and carrot plants.
{"title":"Geogenic source of arsenic and their effect on vegetable seed germination","authors":"S. Paul, S. K. Upadhyay, Nripendra Singh","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.015","url":null,"abstract":"The serious health and environmental problem arises due to arsenic, across the globe. Several researcher have drawn their attention to these problems, arsenic mainly found in soil, aquifer water/drinking water through naturally. In the present study, physicochemical and arsenic content were observed in two types of soil from different agricultural sites of district Ballia, one type of agricultural sites were irrigated by BWDI and other agriculture sites were not BWNDI. Agricultural soil sites (∑N= 209) of BWDI revealed that all soil samples have arsenic content and maximum arsenic concentration (55 ppb) were observed at sites of Basdih, district Ballia, while arsenic content was not detected on the soils of other agricultural field sites (N=∑30) which were based on BWNDI. Interesting and significant observation observed on the surveys based on farmers of the chosen sites, there are no industries or activities found who are able to correlate the high concentration of arsenic in soil except bore well water. Arsenic contents were observed in the 250 bore well water samples and their concentrations were varied with bore well depth. Beyond the 100 feet depth of bore well water showed the maximum concentration of arsenic as compared with 40 feet depth. The high concentration of arsenic, as well as its more retention time, reduces seed viability of radish and carrot plants.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"121 1","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78555893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.007
Cenk Paşa, S. Selvi, T. Kilic
Hypericum genus includes especially species used as depression and wound healing in alternative and modern medicine. In this study, Hypericum triquetrifolium which grows naturally in western of Turkey (Kazdağ Mount / Edremit Balıkesir) were investigated essential oil content, essential oil composition, diurnal and ontogenetic variabilities. The diurnal and ontogenetic variabilities of the species were first studied. Essential oils in part of the aerial plant raised during flower ontogenesis and achieved the highest level at full flowering and decreased at the fresh fruiting phase. The highest level at full flowering is 0.30% while the lowest level of fresh fruiting is 0.09%. As a result of the study, 27 components were detected from the aboveground parts of H. triquetrifolium at the before flowering, beginning of flowering and full flowering stages. The major components were obtained caryophyllene (32.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.8%) at the before the flowering stage, 3-methyl nonane (17.1%) and caryophyllene (14.9%) at the flowering stage and 3-methyl nonane (43.5%) and α-pinene (17.6%) at the fresh fruiting stage.
金丝桃属包括在替代医学和现代医学中用作抑郁和伤口愈合的特别种。本研究以土耳其西部天然生长的金丝桃(Kazdağ Mount / Edremit Balıkesir)为研究对象，对其挥发油含量、挥发油成分、日变化和个体发生变化进行了研究。首先研究了该物种的日变异性和个体发生变异性。部分地生植物的精油含量在花的个体发生期间升高，在完全开花时达到最高水平，在鲜果期下降。盛花期最高为0.30%，鲜果期最低为0.09%。结果表明，在花前、花初和盛花期，三毛三叶草地上部分共检测到27种成分。花期主要成分为石竹烯(32.9%)和石竹烯氧化物(10.8%)，花期主要成分为3-甲基壬烷(17.1%)和石竹烯(14.9%)，鲜果期主要成分为3-甲基壬烷(43.5%)和α-蒎烯(17.6%)。
{"title":"An investigation on the determination of diurnal and ontogenetic variabilities of essential oil content and composition in Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Hypericaceae)","authors":"Cenk Paşa, S. Selvi, T. Kilic","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.007","url":null,"abstract":"Hypericum genus includes especially species used as depression and wound healing in alternative and modern medicine. In this study, Hypericum triquetrifolium which grows naturally in western of Turkey (Kazdağ Mount / Edremit Balıkesir) were investigated essential oil content, essential oil composition, diurnal and ontogenetic variabilities. The diurnal and ontogenetic variabilities of the species were first studied. Essential oils in part of the aerial plant raised during flower ontogenesis and achieved the highest level at full flowering and decreased at the fresh fruiting phase. The highest level at full flowering is 0.30% while the lowest level of fresh fruiting is 0.09%. As a result of the study, 27 components were detected from the aboveground parts of H. triquetrifolium at the before flowering, beginning of flowering and full flowering stages. The major components were obtained caryophyllene (32.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.8%) at the before the flowering stage, 3-methyl nonane (17.1%) and caryophyllene (14.9%) at the flowering stage and 3-methyl nonane (43.5%) and α-pinene (17.6%) at the fresh fruiting stage.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"46-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85815133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.023
Tanuja Gahlot, P. Joshi, Y. Rawat
The present study was undertaken in four major forests (Teak forest, Sal forest, Pine forest and Oak forest) along an altitudinal gradient between altitude 300 m – 2080 m of Kumaun Himalaya. The total density and basal area of trees ranged between 470 ind. ha and 916.67 ind. ha and from 37.82 m ha to 67.41 m ha respectively. Maximum species richness for trees was reported at site KD (17) and minimum at site MG (7). The maximum beta diversity index was recorded for KD forest (5.46) and the minimum was reported for BP forest site (3.12). Regeneration status of forest sites varied from good regeneration to poor or no regeneration. Site MG was found very poor in regeneration. Proportionate distribution of trees, seedlings and saplings showed that site KD contained maximum density of seedlings in comparison with other sites. The minimum density of seedlings was recorded at site MG. This is due to heavy livestock grazing pressure at this site. The results of the study provide baseline data to conserve and recover different forests along the altitudinal gradient and will also help to formulate conservation strategies of forests in Himalaya.
{"title":"Stand structure and regeneration status of tree species in four major forest types along an altitudinal gradient in Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand","authors":"Tanuja Gahlot, P. Joshi, Y. Rawat","doi":"10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPR.2020.V7.I1.023","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken in four major forests (Teak forest, Sal forest, Pine forest and Oak forest) along an altitudinal gradient between altitude 300 m – 2080 m of Kumaun Himalaya. The total density and basal area of trees ranged between 470 ind. ha and 916.67 ind. ha and from 37.82 m ha to 67.41 m ha respectively. Maximum species richness for trees was reported at site KD (17) and minimum at site MG (7). The maximum beta diversity index was recorded for KD forest (5.46) and the minimum was reported for BP forest site (3.12). Regeneration status of forest sites varied from good regeneration to poor or no regeneration. Site MG was found very poor in regeneration. Proportionate distribution of trees, seedlings and saplings showed that site KD contained maximum density of seedlings in comparison with other sites. The minimum density of seedlings was recorded at site MG. This is due to heavy livestock grazing pressure at this site. The results of the study provide baseline data to conserve and recover different forests along the altitudinal gradient and will also help to formulate conservation strategies of forests in Himalaya.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"176-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83940573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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