Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.043
Md Sharif Hossain Sourav, Gulshan Dhaka Bangladesh C
INTRODUCTION The genus Barringtonia Schott is represented by two species in Bangladesh : Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. and Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. (Ahmed et al. 2009). During a trip to Saint Martin’s Island, the author found a flowering tree along the fallow land field near to water and the plant specimens with flower has been collected. Further, photographs has been sent to regional plant expert (Drs. Tapas Chakrabarty and and J. M. Garg) and finally examined as Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz., which is previously not reported from any scientific literature of Bangladesh. Hence, the species Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz is new record for Bangladesh. The local people informed that the fruits are spread by floating at sea.
在孟加拉国，Barringtonia Schott属有两种:acutangula (L.)Gaertn。和总状巴灵顿菌(L.)Spreng。(Ahmed et al. 2009)。作者在圣马丁岛的一次旅行中，在靠近水的休耕地发现了一棵开花的树，并收集了有花的植物标本。此外，照片已发送给区域植物专家(博士。Tapas Chakrabarty和J. M. Garg)，最后鉴定为Barringtonia asiatica (L.)。Kurz。这在孟加拉国的任何科学文献中都没有报道过。因此，Barringtonia asiatica (L.)库尔兹是孟加拉国的新纪录。当地人告诉我们，水果是通过海上漂流传播的。
{"title":"Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae), a new record for the flora of Bangladesh","authors":"Md Sharif Hossain Sourav, Gulshan Dhaka Bangladesh C","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.043","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION The genus Barringtonia Schott is represented by two species in Bangladesh : Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. and Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. (Ahmed et al. 2009). During a trip to Saint Martin’s Island, the author found a flowering tree along the fallow land field near to water and the plant specimens with flower has been collected. Further, photographs has been sent to regional plant expert (Drs. Tapas Chakrabarty and and J. M. Garg) and finally examined as Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz., which is previously not reported from any scientific literature of Bangladesh. Hence, the species Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz is new record for Bangladesh. The local people informed that the fruits are spread by floating at sea.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78118438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.027
E. E. Mathew, N. Korir, J. Gweyi-Onyango, Thomas E. Akuja
Mwea irrigation scheme presents itself as the most hard-hit with climate change impacts particularly drought; Mwea is endowed with modern irrigation infrastructure for rice production, though the watering practice meant to equitably allow every farm with crops to access water effectively and efficiently. In order for all crops in every farm to benefit equitably from such irrigation, therefore, watering of crops in the farms needs scheduling. In that view, therefore, an experiment was set out at KALRO-Mwea to investigate the effect of irrigation scheduling on growth parameters of two Nerica rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-plot arrangement replicated thrice. It was justifiable to adopt this design for purposes of controlling variation in the experiment taken through taking account of spatial effects in the experimentation. Two rice varieties (Nerica 4 and Nerica 11) formed the main plots and four irrigation schedules (Daily, Every 4 days, Every 5 days and Weekly) formed the sub plots. Results indicated that the treatments significantly influenced plant height, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, chlorophyll content, panicle length and panicle number of the two Nerica varieties at maturity. On the basis of research findings, it is recommended to the farmers in Mwea that the Nerica 4 on every 3 days and weekly irrigation schedules will be the best method to adopt.
{"title":"Growth response of two Nerica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties on irrigation scheduling in Mwea irrigation scheme, Kenya","authors":"E. E. Mathew, N. Korir, J. Gweyi-Onyango, Thomas E. Akuja","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.027","url":null,"abstract":"Mwea irrigation scheme presents itself as the most hard-hit with climate change impacts particularly drought; Mwea is endowed with modern irrigation infrastructure for rice production, though the watering practice meant to equitably allow every farm with crops to access water effectively and efficiently. In order for all crops in every farm to benefit equitably from such irrigation, therefore, watering of crops in the farms needs scheduling. In that view, therefore, an experiment was set out at KALRO-Mwea to investigate the effect of irrigation scheduling on growth parameters of two Nerica rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-plot arrangement replicated thrice. It was justifiable to adopt this design for purposes of controlling variation in the experiment taken through taking account of spatial effects in the experimentation. Two rice varieties (Nerica 4 and Nerica 11) formed the main plots and four irrigation schedules (Daily, Every 4 days, Every 5 days and Weekly) formed the sub plots. Results indicated that the treatments significantly influenced plant height, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, chlorophyll content, panicle length and panicle number of the two Nerica varieties at maturity. On the basis of research findings, it is recommended to the farmers in Mwea that the Nerica 4 on every 3 days and weekly irrigation schedules will be the best method to adopt.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75819089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.31
R. Ranasinghe, L. Jayasekera, S. Kannangara, R. Ratnayake
Tithonia diversifolia, Sphagneticola trilobata, Mikania scandens, Lantana camara, Chromolaena odorata, Panicum maximum and Mimosa pigra are common weeds in Sri Lanka. This study was aimed to assess the nutrient release potential and the weight loss dynamics during leaching of the above weeds to utilize them as organic liquid fertilizers. Thirty samples from each species of oven-dried leaves (5 g) were placed separately in 1 L of distilled water. Three samples of each species were randomly collected at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days and the massloss, electrical conductivity (EC), pH and nutrient contents of the leachates were determined. Four fertilizers (FP1; the selected weeds Tithonia diversifolia + Mikania scandens + Chromolaena odorata (W), FP2; (W) + topsoil, FP3; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash and FP4; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash + fish waste) were formulated and based on the nutrient contents the highest nutrient containing FP3 and FP4 were applied on Basella alba. Mass-loss was higher (p<0.05) for Mikania scandens (97%) followed by Tithonia diversifolia (95.8%) and the lowest for Panicum maximum (63.7%). EC and pH of leachates were increased over the time indicating the highest in Mikania scandens (2139±4.7 μS cm) and Lantana camara (7.86±0.06) respectively, and the lowest in Panicum maximum (877±7.6 μS cm, 7.40±0.02). Nutrient contents of the leachates of Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata were higher than those of Panicum maximum. FP4 revealed the highest nutrients and growth performances of shoot height (25.0±0.9 cm), number of leaves (12.0±0.6), leaf area (70.7±1.6 cm), plant fresh weight (56.1±1.2 g) of Basella alba. The results are suggestive of the potential of utilizing Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata for the formulation of organic fertilizers which would in turn be a low-cost strategy for effective control of these weeds.
{"title":"Suitability of selected Sri Lankan weeds for the formulation of organic liquid fertilizers","authors":"R. Ranasinghe, L. Jayasekera, S. Kannangara, R. Ratnayake","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.31","url":null,"abstract":"Tithonia diversifolia, Sphagneticola trilobata, Mikania scandens, Lantana camara, Chromolaena odorata, Panicum maximum and Mimosa pigra are common weeds in Sri Lanka. This study was aimed to assess the nutrient release potential and the weight loss dynamics during leaching of the above weeds to utilize them as organic liquid fertilizers. Thirty samples from each species of oven-dried leaves (5 g) were placed separately in 1 L of distilled water. Three samples of each species were randomly collected at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days and the massloss, electrical conductivity (EC), pH and nutrient contents of the leachates were determined. Four fertilizers (FP1; the selected weeds Tithonia diversifolia + Mikania scandens + Chromolaena odorata (W), FP2; (W) + topsoil, FP3; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash and FP4; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash + fish waste) were formulated and based on the nutrient contents the highest nutrient containing FP3 and FP4 were applied on Basella alba. Mass-loss was higher (p<0.05) for Mikania scandens (97%) followed by Tithonia diversifolia (95.8%) and the lowest for Panicum maximum (63.7%). EC and pH of leachates were increased over the time indicating the highest in Mikania scandens (2139±4.7 μS cm) and Lantana camara (7.86±0.06) respectively, and the lowest in Panicum maximum (877±7.6 μS cm, 7.40±0.02). Nutrient contents of the leachates of Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata were higher than those of Panicum maximum. FP4 revealed the highest nutrients and growth performances of shoot height (25.0±0.9 cm), number of leaves (12.0±0.6), leaf area (70.7±1.6 cm), plant fresh weight (56.1±1.2 g) of Basella alba. The results are suggestive of the potential of utilizing Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata for the formulation of organic fertilizers which would in turn be a low-cost strategy for effective control of these weeds.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79070248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.025
Junuwara Almina, Miniswrang Basumatary, S. Nath, M. Gogoi
The present study deals with an investigation on the distribution of airborne fungi within Science College campus, Kokrajhar that has been conducted during 2018. The airborne fungal colonies were isolated through the settle plate method and studied. Total 117 airborne fungal colonies were isolated, of which 20 species belonging to 6 Classes and 9 genera could be identified in the study. Among them, Curvularia species were found the most prevalent in the college campus followed by Pythium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Botrytis and Geotrichum in the month of May. In August, Aspergillus species was found to be highest followed by Curvularia, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Paecilomyces and Trichoderma respectively. Conspicuously Curvularia and Aspergillus were more abundant in both the indoor and outdoor environment of the college campus in May and August respectively.
{"title":"Study on airborne fungal diversity in Kokrajhar Science College Campus, Assam, India","authors":"Junuwara Almina, Miniswrang Basumatary, S. Nath, M. Gogoi","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i2.025","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with an investigation on the distribution of airborne fungi within Science College campus, Kokrajhar that has been conducted during 2018. The airborne fungal colonies were isolated through the settle plate method and studied. Total 117 airborne fungal colonies were isolated, of which 20 species belonging to 6 Classes and 9 genera could be identified in the study. Among them, Curvularia species were found the most prevalent in the college campus followed by Pythium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Botrytis and Geotrichum in the month of May. In August, Aspergillus species was found to be highest followed by Curvularia, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Paecilomyces and Trichoderma respectively. Conspicuously Curvularia and Aspergillus were more abundant in both the indoor and outdoor environment of the college campus in May and August respectively.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90752435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.018
Sushma Chaudhary, Manjul Singh, M. Srivastava, A. Rawat
Deccan hemp is rich in mucilage and of immense value. This study was performed to examine mucilage of the plant and its functional group with the help of FT-IR Spectroscopy for preparation and development of pharmaceutical formulation. Mucilage was found to be 9.54% w/w which was off white in colour, tasteless and with a characteristic odour. Physicochemical characterization revealed that mucilage has enough moisture i.e. 9.34 % w/w and is of neutral pH. It was found to be soluble in hot water and insoluble in organic solvents while in cold water mucilage swelled to form a gel. FT-IR analysis of mucilage showed the presence of as major markers that scope to be of scientific relevance particularly plant polymer based excipient and coating material in pharmaceutical products.
{"title":"Functional properties for formulation development in mucilage of Deccan hemp (Java jute)","authors":"Sushma Chaudhary, Manjul Singh, M. Srivastava, A. Rawat","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.018","url":null,"abstract":"Deccan hemp is rich in mucilage and of immense value. This study was performed to examine mucilage of the plant and its functional group with the help of FT-IR Spectroscopy for preparation and development of pharmaceutical formulation. Mucilage was found to be 9.54% w/w which was off white in colour, tasteless and with a characteristic odour. Physicochemical characterization revealed that mucilage has enough moisture i.e. 9.34 % w/w and is of neutral pH. It was found to be soluble in hot water and insoluble in organic solvents while in cold water mucilage swelled to form a gel. FT-IR analysis of mucilage showed the presence of as major markers that scope to be of scientific relevance particularly plant polymer based excipient and coating material in pharmaceutical products.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85287081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.010
S. N. Mishra, Dharmendra Kumar, Sharad Tiwari
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has wide ranging application in the study and analysis of various environmental and biodiversity conservation issues. Due to geographical variations, the accuracy of DEMs generated from different satellite sources needs to be ascertained for choosing the best suitable DEM for a particular study area. In the present study, the performance of DEM datasets of Cartosat-1 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) has been evaluated on the basis of slope, aspect, altitude and hill-shade map generated through these DEMs for different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand. Elevation values deduced through Cartosat-1 and SRTM datasets were compared with actual Ground Control Points (GCP) recorded using Global Positioning System (GPS) for testing their accuracy. The forest cover map was created by Landsat 7 ETM+ data and subsequently superimposed on altitude map, generated using SRTM and Cartosat-1. Further, it was visually compared with the Survey of India topo-sheet (1:50000) for analyzing undulating topography and forest cover of Jharkhand. The comparative study based on different parameters for DEM dataset from Cartosat-1 and SRTM, reveals that SRTM data performed better than Cartosat-1 for the study of forest cover in different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand.
数字高程模型(DEM)在各种环境和生物多样性保护问题的研究和分析中有着广泛的应用。由于地理差异，需要确定不同卫星源生成的DEM的精度，以便为特定研究区域选择最适合的DEM。本文利用Cartosat-1和Shuttle Radar terrain Mission (SRTM) DEM数据集对贾坎德邦不同农业气候带的坡度、坡向、海拔和山阴图进行了评价。通过Cartosat-1和SRTM数据集推断的高程值与使用全球定位系统(GPS)记录的实际地面控制点(GCP)进行了比较，以测试其精度。森林覆盖图由Landsat 7 ETM+数据生成，然后叠加在SRTM和Cartosat-1生成的高程图上。此外，将其与Survey of India topo-sheet(1:50000)进行视觉比较，以分析贾坎德邦的起伏地形和森林覆盖。基于不同参数对Cartosat-1和SRTM DEM数据的对比研究表明，SRTM数据对贾坎德邦不同农业气气带森林覆盖的研究效果优于Cartosat-1。
{"title":"Selection of suitable digital elevation model for analysis of forest cover in different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand, India","authors":"S. N. Mishra, Dharmendra Kumar, Sharad Tiwari","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.010","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has wide ranging application in the study and analysis of various environmental and biodiversity conservation issues. Due to geographical variations, the accuracy of DEMs generated from different satellite sources needs to be ascertained for choosing the best suitable DEM for a particular study area. In the present study, the performance of DEM datasets of Cartosat-1 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) has been evaluated on the basis of slope, aspect, altitude and hill-shade map generated through these DEMs for different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand. Elevation values deduced through Cartosat-1 and SRTM datasets were compared with actual Ground Control Points (GCP) recorded using Global Positioning System (GPS) for testing their accuracy. The forest cover map was created by Landsat 7 ETM+ data and subsequently superimposed on altitude map, generated using SRTM and Cartosat-1. Further, it was visually compared with the Survey of India topo-sheet (1:50000) for analyzing undulating topography and forest cover of Jharkhand. The comparative study based on different parameters for DEM dataset from Cartosat-1 and SRTM, reveals that SRTM data performed better than Cartosat-1 for the study of forest cover in different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80301881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.005
T. Adak, D. Mishra, Kailash Kumar, vinod k. singh
Farmers have no alternative but to adopt high-density planting for enhancing fruit productivity level and profitability with the shrinking land resources and smaller land holding sizes. The highest yield of 16 t ha -1 followed by 10.0 t ha -1 and the least of 5.5 t ha -1 was recorded from 400, 267 and 100 trees ha -1 , respectively from 19 yrs old Dashehari mango orchard in sandy loam soils at research farm of ICAR-CISH, Rehmankhera, Lucknow. Planting density systems (1600, 800, 400, 266, 178 and 100 trees ha -1 ) also impacted soil properties. Water holding capacity varied between 16.6 to 26.1 % across systems while porosity ranged from 46.2–71.5 %. Likewise, bulk density and particle density had values of 1.2 to1.7 and 2.2 to 2.9 g cm -3 respectively. The mean soil organic carbon content was 0.38%, pH of 7.2, available N, P, K was 66.92, 13.91 and 77.85 mg kg -1 respectively. Soil and leaf micronutrients analyzed across six different density systems showed wide variations and indicated the need for optimum nutrient management. Significant and positive correlations were recorded between soil organic carbon with other soil properties. The study revealed that medium density system (400 trees ha -1 ) is to be practiced at farmers’ field.
随着土地资源的萎缩和土地持有规模的缩小，农民必须采用高密度种植来提高水果的生产水平和盈利能力。在ICAR-CISH研究农场，勒克纳州Rehmankhera的沙质壤土中，19年生达什哈里芒果果园的最高产量为16 t hha -1，其次是10.0 t hha -1，最低产量为5.5 t hha -1，分别为400、267和100株hha -1。种植密度系统(1600、800、400、266、178和100棵树/公顷)也会影响土壤性质。不同体系的持水量在16.6% ~ 26.1%之间，孔隙度在46.2% ~ 71.5%之间。堆积密度为1.2 ~ 1.7 g cm -3，颗粒密度为2.2 ~ 2.9 g cm -3。土壤平均有机碳含量为0.38%，pH为7.2，速效N、P、K分别为66.92、13.91和77.85 mg kg -1。土壤和叶片微量元素在6种不同密度系统中的差异较大，表明需要进行最佳的养分管理。土壤有机碳与土壤其他性状呈显著正相关。研究表明，中密度系统(400棵/公顷)可在农民田间实行。
{"title":"Analysis of soil and tree productivity under high density planting system in mango cv. Dashehari (Mangifera indica L.)","authors":"T. Adak, D. Mishra, Kailash Kumar, vinod k. singh","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.005","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers have no alternative but to adopt high-density planting for enhancing fruit productivity level and profitability with the shrinking land resources and smaller land holding sizes. The highest yield of 16 t ha -1 followed by 10.0 t ha -1 and the least of 5.5 t ha -1 was recorded from 400, 267 and 100 trees ha -1 , respectively from 19 yrs old Dashehari mango orchard in sandy loam soils at research farm of ICAR-CISH, Rehmankhera, Lucknow. Planting density systems (1600, 800, 400, 266, 178 and 100 trees ha -1 ) also impacted soil properties. Water holding capacity varied between 16.6 to 26.1 % across systems while porosity ranged from 46.2–71.5 %. Likewise, bulk density and particle density had values of 1.2 to1.7 and 2.2 to 2.9 g cm -3 respectively. The mean soil organic carbon content was 0.38%, pH of 7.2, available N, P, K was 66.92, 13.91 and 77.85 mg kg -1 respectively. Soil and leaf micronutrients analyzed across six different density systems showed wide variations and indicated the need for optimum nutrient management. Significant and positive correlations were recorded between soil organic carbon with other soil properties. The study revealed that medium density system (400 trees ha -1 ) is to be practiced at farmers’ field.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83082007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.013
G. M. Akande, F. O. Adekayode
Soil microorganism is important for the restoration, sustainability, balancing of soil ecosystem and organic matter transfer. The diversity of the microbial community in soil is closely related to the functions and structure of its surrounding ecosystem. The aim of this research work is principally on the identification of microbial population under different land use types in Akure, Nigeria. The land use types were oil palm, teak plantation, unclear forest, and cassava and sugar plantations. The soil samples were collected at depth of 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm and 30–75 cm on each land use area and were taken to the laboratory for microbial analysis. Microbial analysis was carried out using the dilution spread plates techniques of identification of microbial population. The bacteria isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical characterization using taxonomy scheme of Bergeys manual of determinative bacteriology. The fungal isolate were stained with lactophenol cotton blue and observed under the microscope for identification. The result showed that, there are 40 different species of bacteria and 10 fungal strains isolated from all the land use types. Some of the isolated bacterial species were from phylumactinobacter, bacteriodietes, firmicutes, proteobacter and that of fungi were representatives of phylum Ascomycota and Zycomycota. The data on bacteria and fungi were analyzed using ANOVA. The means of bacteria and fungi occurrence were separated using least significance difference at 5% level. It was found that the cassava land showed higher diversity of microbial population, this might be attributed to the effect of tillage on the land year by year which enhanced the free movement of air and encourages the availability of microbial population due to the presence of some microorganism in the tuber of cassava which had a great influence on soil organic matter contents via mineralization and decomposition.
{"title":"Identification of soil microbial population under different land use","authors":"G. M. Akande, F. O. Adekayode","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.013","url":null,"abstract":"Soil microorganism is important for the restoration, sustainability, balancing of soil ecosystem and organic matter transfer. The diversity of the microbial community in soil is closely related to the functions and structure of its surrounding ecosystem. The aim of this research work is principally on the identification of microbial population under different land use types in Akure, Nigeria. The land use types were oil palm, teak plantation, unclear forest, and cassava and sugar plantations. The soil samples were collected at depth of 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm and 30–75 cm on each land use area and were taken to the laboratory for microbial analysis. Microbial analysis was carried out using the dilution spread plates techniques of identification of microbial population. The bacteria isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical characterization using taxonomy scheme of Bergeys manual of determinative bacteriology. The fungal isolate were stained with lactophenol cotton blue and observed under the microscope for identification. The result showed that, there are 40 different species of bacteria and 10 fungal strains isolated from all the land use types. Some of the isolated bacterial species were from phylumactinobacter, bacteriodietes, firmicutes, proteobacter and that of fungi were representatives of phylum Ascomycota and Zycomycota. The data on bacteria and fungi were analyzed using ANOVA. The means of bacteria and fungi occurrence were separated using least significance difference at 5% level. It was found that the cassava land showed higher diversity of microbial population, this might be attributed to the effect of tillage on the land year by year which enhanced the free movement of air and encourages the availability of microbial population due to the presence of some microorganism in the tuber of cassava which had a great influence on soil organic matter contents via mineralization and decomposition.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89209632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.023
Anwar Kemal, F. Hailu
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an annual oilseed crop of the Compositae or Asteraceae family commercially grown in Ethiopia and other countries. To study the genetic variation and relationships among twelve Safflower genotypes an experiment was carried out under field conditions in randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Wollo University, Dessie campus using the agro-morphological traits that includes plant height, days to flowering, Days to maturity, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of capitula per plant, number of seed per capitulum, thousand seed weight, yield per plant, and yield per plot. Results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences among accessions for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity at p ≤0.01, and for number of primary branches and number of secondary branches at p ≤0.05. Seed yield per plant had significant correlations with number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum, number of primary and secondary branches. Cluster analysis grouped the 12 genotypes in 2 clusters and one of the accessions remains ungrouped, according to their similarity in various traits studied. The first three principal component analyses were found to explain 85% of the total variation that exists among accessions. The results revealed the presence of a high level of genetic diversity that deserves conservation attention and could be utilized in breeding program to improve Safflower varieties with a high seed yield.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes at Wollo, Ethiopia using agro-morphological traits","authors":"Anwar Kemal, F. Hailu","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.023","url":null,"abstract":"Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an annual oilseed crop of the Compositae or Asteraceae family commercially grown in Ethiopia and other countries. To study the genetic variation and relationships among twelve Safflower genotypes an experiment was carried out under field conditions in randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Wollo University, Dessie campus using the agro-morphological traits that includes plant height, days to flowering, Days to maturity, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of capitula per plant, number of seed per capitulum, thousand seed weight, yield per plant, and yield per plot. Results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences among accessions for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity at p ≤0.01, and for number of primary branches and number of secondary branches at p ≤0.05. Seed yield per plant had significant correlations with number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum, number of primary and secondary branches. Cluster analysis grouped the 12 genotypes in 2 clusters and one of the accessions remains ungrouped, according to their similarity in various traits studied. The first three principal component analyses were found to explain 85% of the total variation that exists among accessions. The results revealed the presence of a high level of genetic diversity that deserves conservation attention and could be utilized in breeding program to improve Safflower varieties with a high seed yield.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77483800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.002
Kra Kouakou Dappah, G. Jonathan, S. Kafana, Kouakou Kouassi Joseph, Kouassi Koffi Ii Nazaire, Dogbo Denezon Odette
In this work, the influence of chitosan on vegetative organs growth and peroxidases activities in cassava (Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae) plants grown in hydroponic was studied. The experiment was carried out under a greenhouse lit by natural light at the Ecology Research Center (Côte d’Ivoire). Six concentrations of chitosan (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg L -1 ) added to the culture media were tested on four cassava cultivars (Yace, 9620A, TMS4(2)1425 and TMS30572). These media are renewed every 15 days and growth of the plants lasted two months. The results showed that chitosan stimulated the growth of 1.1 to 1.4 according to cultivars and organs. Peroxidases activities were 1.5 to 2.6 times higher in leaves and roots in presence of 75 or 100 mg L -1 of chitosan depending on the cultivars. This activity is multiplied by 2.3 to 2.6 respectively in leaves and roots of Yacé, 2.6 and 1.5 of TMS30572, 1.9 and 2.2 of TMS4(2)1425. In 9620A, this factor was less than 2. These results show that chitosan could be a biostimulator in cassava.
本文研究了壳聚糖对水培木薯营养器官生长和过氧化物酶活性的影响。实验是在生态研究中心(Côte d’ivoire)的自然光照明的温室下进行的。在4个木薯品种(Yace、9620A、TMS4(2)1425和TMS30572)的培养基中添加了6种浓度的壳聚糖(0、25、50、75、100和125 mg L -1)。这些培养基每15天更新一次，植株的生长持续了两个月。结果表明，壳聚糖对不同品种和不同器官的生长有1.1 ~ 1.4的促进作用。壳聚糖浓度为75或100 mg L -1时，不同品种的叶片和根系过氧化物酶活性提高1.5 ~ 2.6倍。该活性在紫花苜蓿叶片和根部分别乘以2.3 ~ 2.6,TMS30572乘以2.6和1.5,TMS4(2)1425乘以1.9和2.2。在9620A中，这个因子小于2。这些结果表明，壳聚糖可以作为木薯的生物刺激剂。
{"title":"Effects of chitosan on vegetative organs growth and peroxidases activities in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars YACE, 9620A, TMS4(2)1425 and TMS30572","authors":"Kra Kouakou Dappah, G. Jonathan, S. Kafana, Kouakou Kouassi Joseph, Kouassi Koffi Ii Nazaire, Dogbo Denezon Odette","doi":"10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2019.v6.i1.002","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the influence of chitosan on vegetative organs growth and peroxidases activities in cassava (Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae) plants grown in hydroponic was studied. The experiment was carried out under a greenhouse lit by natural light at the Ecology Research Center (Côte d’Ivoire). Six concentrations of chitosan (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg L -1 ) added to the culture media were tested on four cassava cultivars (Yace, 9620A, TMS4(2)1425 and TMS30572). These media are renewed every 15 days and growth of the plants lasted two months. The results showed that chitosan stimulated the growth of 1.1 to 1.4 according to cultivars and organs. Peroxidases activities were 1.5 to 2.6 times higher in leaves and roots in presence of 75 or 100 mg L -1 of chitosan depending on the cultivars. This activity is multiplied by 2.3 to 2.6 respectively in leaves and roots of Yacé, 2.6 and 1.5 of TMS30572, 1.9 and 2.2 of TMS4(2)1425. In 9620A, this factor was less than 2. These results show that chitosan could be a biostimulator in cassava.","PeriodicalId":23334,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81498560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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