Turkish Journal of Chemistry最新文献

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and has the most lethality ratio for females among all cancers. Although current cancer therapeutics have made considerable advancements, there is still room for improvement in terms of efficacy. Many anticancer drugs have a risk of causing serious adverse effects due to their nonspecific cytotoxic effects on both tumor and healthy cells. New therapeutics might have a greater ability to kill cancer cells, reduce the volume of tumors, and improve overall therapy response rates. Herein, we report the efficient synthesis and characterization of three amphi vic-dioximes and their six novel mono-, which are extremely rare in platinum chemistry, and bisplatinum(II) complexes for breast cancer treatment. Antitumoral activities of Pt(II) complexes have been investigated on CCD-1079Sk healthy fibroblast cell line, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptotic assays were performed. All new Pt(II) complexes exhibited selective antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells by showing less cytotoxicity to healthy cells than known anticancer drugs cisplatin and bicalutamide. In vitro studies show that these new Pt complexes have high anticancer and antiproliferative effects and may be new alternatives to existing anticancer drugs.

In this study, it was aimed at investigating benzoic acid (BA) and sorbic acid (SoA) concentrations in tomato paste, pepper paste, ketchup, mayonnaise, and barbeque sauce samples by a validated static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Salicylic acid (SalA) was used as internal standard and the measurements were conducted in the wide linear concentration ranges of BA and SoA which were 2.5-5000 and 12.5-5000, respectively. The limit of detections (LODs) were determined to be 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg while the limit of quantifications (LOQs) were 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg for BA and SoA, respectively. The average recovery% values of BA and SoA were found to be 98.5% and 98.7% in an open tomato paste sample while these values were 98.7% and 100.3% in a mayonnaise sample, respectively. Accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed by statistically (significance test) evaluating excellent recovery values. In real samples, while the results of the canned tomato pastes and industrial sauce samples were found suitable, BA and SoA ​​were determined in some tomato and pepper paste products sold under the traditional or homemade name although use of the preservatives in the pastes were prohibited. It is vital for public health to prevent adulteration in pastes which is indispensable for Turkish cuisine as well as prevalently consumed in the world. Therefore, the proposed method can be used in food control laboratories due to its reliability and consumption of much less toxic chemical reagents.

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in producing new materials that use renewable resources and halogen-free flame retardants with nonleaching properties. This research focuses on designing and synthesizing phosphorus-nitrogen-based biopolyols for use in polyurethane (PU) foam production. Polyol (ESBO-DYM) with dual functionalities, renewability, and nonflammability is synthesized through the epoxy ring-opening reaction of epoxidized soybean oil with phosphorus and nitrogen-containing tetraol products (DYM). The mechanical and flame retardant properties of PU foams with the addition of an ESBO-DYM were investigated. Increasing the amount of phosphorus in the PU foams increased the thermal stability properties. Using 100% ESBO-DYM as a polyol in the foam formulation increased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value to 22.9% and resulted in the highest char yield according to the thermal gravimetric analysis (17% at 600 °C). Additionally, the introduction of ESBO-DYM polyol into the formulation resulted in a decrease in the compression strength of the foams. The foam density decreased as the amount of ESBO-DYM polyol in the formulation increased. The foam with the highest amount of ESBO-DYM had a foam density of 29.1 kg/m³. The morphology of the foams was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result of this study, flame retardant polyurethane foams were formulated using a renewable source, polyol, along with commercial compounds.

The purpose of this study was the polymerization of carbazole (Cz), pyrrole (Py) and copolymerization of them onto polyester (PES) textile with chemical oxidative method by using FeCl₃. First, in order to determine the optimum conditions, the effect of polymerization steps, the immersion order of the PES to the oxidant and monomer solutions, time, monomer, oxidant, and surfactant concentrations and types on the conductivities of PES/PCz composite were investigated and at this conditions, conductive composite, PES/P[Py-co-Cz] was obtained. The highest conductivities were obtained as 12.4 mS/cm and 9.0 mS/cm for PES/PCz and PES/P[Py-co-Cz], respectively. Further characterization of PES/P[Py-co-Cz] was performed by conductivity, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements, and results were compared with PES/PCz and also PES/PPy. The presence of Py and Cz in the same polymer chain created synergy and improved the conductivity and mechanical properties of the composite.

Sunset Yellow (SY), which is an artificial azo dye, is preferable for its high stability and low cost. The determination of SY in foods is extremely important for human health because excessive consumption of SY has harmful effects, such as hyperactivity disorder and cancer. In this method, L-cysteine coated copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were used as a fluorescence probe. L-cysteine has been used as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. One-step green hydrothermal synthesis of CuNCs was made. L-cysteine-coated CuNCs have been characterized using several of methods. CuNCs quenching mechanism is static and inner filter effect (IFE). The linear range is 0.65-14 μg.ml^-1 at optimum conditions. LOD and LOQ values were calculated as 0.1 and 0.35 μg.ml^-1, respectively. The proposed method was used for the determination of SY in different type of powder drinks. The developed nanosensor is environmentally friendly, easy, fast, reproducible, and low cost.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-starch-based bioplastics are widely used in many applications. pH-responsive plastic packaging was produced through the incorporation of senggani (Melastoma malabathricum Linn.) fruit extract into PVA-taro starch-based plastic packaging. The objective of this research was to examine the characteristics of senggani fruit extract under different pH conditions and explore its application as a pH indicator in intelligent packaging. The senggani fruit was extracted through the maceration method using a solvent comprising 96% ethanol and 3% citric acid, with a ratio of 85:15 (v/v). The senggani fruit extract solution underwent color changes, appearing pink at pH levels below 6, pale purple at pH 7-11, and brownish-yellow at pH 12-14. Notably, the color of the senggani fruit extract solution remained stable at pH < 5. Before the addition of the senggani fruit extract, the PVA-taro starch solution produced a brownish-yellow plastic packaging. However, following the addition of senggani fruit extract, the plastic packaging turned pink. The addition of senggani fruit extract affected the mechanical properties of plastic packaging, resulting in a reduction in swelling from 103.679 ± 2.456% to 57.827 ± 3.563%, a decrease in tensile strength value from 3.827 ± 0.603 Mpa to 1.991 ± 0.460 Mpa, and a decline in the percent elongation value from 156.250 ± 12.392% to 116 ± 6.722%. Plastic packaging incorporating senggani fruit extract exhibits color changes across the pH range of 1-14, accompanied by varying color parameter values (L, a, b, E, and WI). Therefore, it has the potential to be used as intelligent packaging for monitoring food freshness and quality.

In this study, we synthesized novel, economically efficient phosphonic acid-functionalized grafted sepiolite nanohybrids for selective elimination of copper ions from water. These nanohybrids were prepared by graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate onto sepiolite. We utilized free radical graft polymerization to graft glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto silanized sepiolite. The nanohybrids obtained exhibited a grafting percentage of 479% at 0.3 g of KPS initiator, 15% GMA monomer, and after 4 h of reaction. In pursuit of selectively removing metal ions from water, the nanohybrid with the highest grafting (PGE₃) was chemically treated with phosphoric acid to introduce phosphonic acid groups on it. FTIR, XRD, SEM, CHO analysis, BET, and TGA analysis were utilized to characterize the developed nanohybrids. Batch adsorption studies were carried out using AAS process, examining the impact of pH, adsorbent weight, contact time, adsorbate concentration, and temperature on the adsorption process. Due to the selectivity of phosphonic acid groups towards copper ions, phosphonic acid-functionalized grafted sepiolite nanohybrid (PGE₃-P) was used for copper ions removal from its aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of PGE₃-P adsorbents was 134.5 mg/g for copper ions. The data from kinetic studies suggests that the adsorption process of copper ions followed a pseudosecond-order model. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm proved to be a more fitting model in equilibrium isothermal investigations. The thermodynamic analysis of the data indicates that the adsorption of copper ions by PGE₃-P is an endothermic and spontaneous process. The development of this phosphonic acid-functionalized grafted sepiolite nanohybrid adsorbent is a new contribution into the field of adsorption. The developed material can be utilized as selective adsorbent for elimination of other heavy metals from water.

The sensitizer is one of the most essential dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) components. In the present research, a Zn-astaxanthin complex was investigated as a sensitizer, compared to pure astaxanthin. The complex with a 1:1 mole ratio between astaxanthin and Zn²⁺ was synthesized in a reflux reactor at 37-60 °C. The product was analyzed using Proton Nuclear Resonance (¹H-NMR), which indicates the presence of chelate formation between Zn²⁺ with two atoms of oxygen on the terminal cyclohexane ring of astaxanthin. The interaction of sensitizers (astaxanthin and Zn-astaxanthin) on the photoelectrode surface in this study was analyzed using a Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The FTIR spectra of photoelectrode immersed in Zn-astaxanthin show peaks of C=O stretching and vibration -OH group at 1730 and 1273 cm^-1, respectively, and H-C-H stretching vibration with high intensity in 2939, 2923, and 2853 cm^-1. The UV-Vis DRS analysis shows the band gap of photoelectrode (PE), photoelectrode immersed in astaxanthin (PE/astaxanthin), and Zn-astaxanthin (PE/Zn-astaxanthin) are 3.19, 1.65, and 1.59 eV, respectively. Under illumination intensity of 300 W/m², the maximum energy conversion efficiency of DSSC with Zn-astaxanthin as sensitizer is (0.03 ± 0.0022)%, higher than DSSC with astaxanthin as sensitizer ((0.12 ± 0.0052)%). Up to 70 h of illumination, DSSC with Zn-astaxanthin as a sensitizer also has better stability than astaxanthin-based DSSC.

This research aimed to identify potential drug compounds from the ZINC15 molecule database that could effectively treat GnRH1R-related diseases. The study utilized molecular docking and molecular dynamics methods to achieve this goal, which is crucial in drug repurposing research. The virtual screening process involved analyzing known drug compounds using molecular docking. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations and MM-GBSA were employed to evaluate the stability of the complexes and determine the interactions between the compounds and protein structure. As a result, this study provides significant insights for treating diseases such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and prostate cancer related to GnRH1R. The study also involved designing new drugs and identifying necessary molecular scaffolds.

Pd (0) nanoparticles (NPs) distributed on lanthanum (III) oxide were ex situ generated from the reduction of Pd²⁺ ions using NaBH₄ as reducing agent. The Pd/La₂O₃ displayed good catalytic activity in H₂(g) releasing from the hydrazine-borane (HB) methanolysis reaction and it was identified by advanced techniques. Pd/La₂O₃ was found to be an active catalyst procuring three equiv. H₂(g) per mole of HB. The results from TEM images represent the formation of Pd (0) NPs with an average particle size of 1.94 ± 0.1 nm on the surface of La₂O₃. Moreover, Pd/La₂O₃ with various Pd loadings were prepared and tested as catalyst in the methanolysis reaction to find the optimum metal loading on La₂O₃ support. The highest H₂ formation rate was achieved with 3.0 wt% Pd. Pd/La₂O₃ catalyst exhibited a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 24.4 mol H₂ mol Pd^-1 min^-1 in the reaction conditions. Additionally, the effect of different catalyst concentrations and temperatures on the reaction kinetics for the methanolysis of HB catalyzed by Pd/La₂O₃.