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In silico analysis of XTH gene family from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and theircomparative expression analysis during germination 大麦XTH基因家族的计算机分析及其在发芽过程中的比较表达分析
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2674
H. Koç, Merve Seven, Ü. C. Derman, A. Harvey
: Changes in plant cell walls are critical for expansion and growth. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) enzymes are the major modifiers of xyloglucan within the cell wall and are present as large gene families. Despite the paucity of xyloglucan in barley, our analyses of the barley genome revealed at least 42 XTH genes, the most XTH members recorded for a monocot genome to date. In this paper, we show a detailed look at the barley XTH gene family, including detailed bioinformatics analyses of conserved protein motifs and structure, phylogenetic relationships, and a comparison of the expression patterns during germination and seedling growth using RT-qPCR and RNA-Seq analyses. Overall, there was a good correlation between RT-qPCR and RNA-Seq data for similar tissues. RNA-Seq data showed many different expression profile patterns, from broad, high level expression for some XTH genes to highly tissue specific patterns for others. RT-qPCR expression patterns also varied widely between genes. The highest expressing gene, HvXET4 , had levels around five times that of the highest control gene tubulin. Given the low levels of xyloglucan found in barley, this high level of expression suggests that the enzyme may be catalysing reactions with other cell wall polysaccharides. We propose roles for many of the HvXTH genes based on the results shown here.
:植物细胞壁的变化对扩张和生长至关重要。木葡聚糖内转糖基酶/水解酶(XTH)是细胞壁内木葡聚糖的主要修饰物,并作为大基因家族存在。尽管大麦中缺乏木葡聚糖,但我们对大麦基因组的分析显示,至少有42个XTH基因,是迄今为止单子叶植物基因组中记录的XTH成员最多的基因。在本文中,我们对大麦XTH基因家族进行了详细的研究,包括保守蛋白基序和结构的详细生物信息学分析、系统发育关系,以及使用RT-qPCR和RNA-Seq分析比较发芽和幼苗生长过程中的表达模式。总体而言,类似组织的RT-qPCR和RNA-Seq数据之间存在良好的相关性。RNA-Seq数据显示了许多不同的表达谱模式,从一些XTH基因的广泛、高水平表达到其他基因的高度组织特异性模式。RT-qPCR表达模式在基因之间也有很大差异。表达最高的基因HvXET4的水平大约是最高对照基因微管蛋白的五倍。鉴于大麦中发现的木葡聚糖含量较低,这种高水平的表达表明该酶可能在催化与其他细胞壁多糖的反应。基于本文所示的结果,我们提出了许多HvXTH基因的作用。
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引用次数: 2
Genetic diversity and population structure analysis for Ampelopsis grossedentata using microsatellite markers 利用微卫星标记分析长尾葡萄的遗传多样性和群体结构
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2734
X. Li, L. Wei
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引用次数: 0
Mapping quantitative trait loci and developing first molecular marker for race 5 of Podosphera xanthii resistance in melon (Cucumis melo L.) 甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)黄腐病抗性小种5的数量性状基因座定位及首个分子标记的建立
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2676
A. Ünlü, İ. Polat, A. Yildirim, A. Onus
: Powdery mildew of melon caused by the Podosphaera xanthii factor is a disease that causes serious yield losses economically in all areas where melon is grown from Asia to Europe and America. The use of resistant varieties for the control of the disease is the most environmentally friendly method. However, traditional methods of melon breeding have made a noteworthy input to resistance varieties improvement, but they have been slow and incompetent in targeting complex powdery mildew disease resistance traits. To overcome these problems and to facilitate breeding programs, molecular markers closely linked to the Pm-R5 gene are needed for marker-assisted selection (MAS). The present study aimed to map quantitative trait locus for powdery mildew resistance and identify the molecular markers linked with the Pm-R gene which provides resistance to race 5 of P. xanthii for MAS breeding in melons. A total of 310 primers/combinations belonging to six marker systems including SRAP, SSR, ISSR, TRAP, CAPS, SCAR in the RIL population consisting of 136 genotypes, developed from crosses PMR-6 and susceptible inbred line were used for QTL mapping. Quantitative trait loci analysis determined one major QTL ( Pm-R ) on linkage group I for resistance to races 5 of powdery mildew. The SSR12202 marker is linked to the Pm-R gene QTL at 2.12 cM genetic distance, and the CMCT170b and CMMS30-3 markers are determined in the support interval of this QTL. The co-dominant markers, together with the map information reported here could be used for genotyping selection of resistance to race 5 of P. xanthii in melon breeding.
当前位置由黄氏Podosphaera xanthii因子引起的甜瓜白粉病是一种在从亚洲到欧洲和美洲的所有甜瓜种植地区造成严重经济损失的疾病。利用抗病品种控制病害是最环保的方法。然而,传统的甜瓜育种方法在抗性品种改良方面做出了显著贡献,但在针对复杂的白粉病抗性性状方面进展缓慢,能力不足。为了克服这些问题并促进育种计划,需要与Pm-R5基因密切相关的分子标记来进行标记辅助选择(MAS)。本研究旨在定位瓜类抗白粉病的数量性状位点,并鉴定抗黄氏白粉病5小种的Pm-R基因连锁分子标记,为瓜类抗白粉病育种提供依据。在136个基因型的RIL群体中,利用PMR-6与易感自交系杂交得到的SRAP、SSR、ISSR、TRAP、CAPS、SCAR 6个标记体系共310个引物/组合进行QTL定位。数量性状位点分析确定了抗性白粉病5小种的1个主要QTL (Pm-R)。SSR12202标记与Pm-R基因QTL的遗传距离为2.12 cM, CMCT170b和CMMS30-3标记在该QTL的支持区间内确定。这些共显性标记和本文报道的图谱信息可用于瓜类育种中抗黄氏疫病5小种的基因分型选择。
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引用次数: 1
Chromosome numbers and genome size data on species of the genus Petrorhagia(Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey 土耳其石竹科石竹属植物染色体数目及基因组大小资料
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2677
K. Aktas, J. Pellicer, T. Garnatje
: Genome size, i.e. the total amount of DNA in an unreplicated somatic nucleus is considered an important character in the biology of organisms, and it is especially relevant for land plants given the extraordinary diversity reported. Despite the continuous growth of data and the efforts aimed at increasing our understanding of plant genome size diversity, more data are needed to have an evenly representation across lineages. With this premise in mind, in this work, we investigated genome size, complemented with chromosome data in eight species of the genus Petrorhagia (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Chromosome counts made indicate that the species studied are diploid except for one species, P. saxifraga, which is probably a tetraploid, based on previously published estimations of nuclear DNA contents. The presence of both basic chromosome numbers x = 15 and x = 13 is confirmed, the latter being restricted to the species P. hispidula and P. cretica. The counts carried out for the Turkish endemic species, in P. hispidula (2n = 26), P. pamphylica (2n = 30) and P. peroninii (2n = 30) represent novel data for the genus. Nuclear DNA contents ranged from 1.24 to 2.32 pg/2C (varying 1.87-fold). Based on available data, genome expansions in the genus seem to have occurred through different evolutionary mechanisms, such as polyploidy and differential repetitive DNA activation, evidencing contrasting genomic trajectories between closely related taxa.
基因组大小,即未复制体细胞核中DNA的总量,被认为是生物体生物学中的一个重要特征,鉴于所报道的非凡多样性,它与陆地植物尤其相关。尽管数据的不断增长和努力旨在提高我们对植物基因组大小多样性的理解,但需要更多的数据来均匀地代表不同谱系。在这个前提下,在这项工作中,我们研究了基因组大小,并补充了来自土耳其石竹属(石竹科)的八个物种的染色体数据。染色体计数表明,所研究的物种是二倍体,除了一个物种,P. saxifraga,可能是四倍体,根据先前发表的核DNA含量估计。基本染色体数目x = 15和x = 13的存在被证实,后者仅限于种P. hispidula和P. cretica。对土耳其特有种P. hispidula (2n = 26)、P. pamphylica (2n = 30)和P. peroninii (2n = 30)进行的计数代表了该属的新数据。核DNA含量为1.24 ~ 2.32 pg/2C(变化1.87倍)。根据现有数据,该属的基因组扩展似乎是通过不同的进化机制发生的,如多倍体和差异重复DNA激活,证明了密切相关的类群之间不同的基因组轨迹。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Moderate Drought on Leaf Bulliform Cells of Aquatic and Coastal Population of Phragmites australis 中度干旱对芦苇水生和沿海种群叶芽状细胞的影响
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2722
O. Nedukha
: Studying leaves of aquatic and terrestrial populations of Phragmites australis grown on the bank of the Venetian strait of the Dnipro River in Kyiv (Ukraine) for establishing the role of bulliform cells in the mechanisms of plant resistance to moderate soil drought were studied. Bulliform (motor) cells participate in the twisting and folding of leaves during drought and strong sunlight. The study of bulliform cells in the leaves of the aquatic and terrestrial populations of P. australis was carried out using the methods of light microscopy, cytochemical methods, laser confocal microscopy, and biochemical methods. The comparative analysis of the structure of bulliform cells of leaves of P. australis has shown significant differences depending on plant growth location. The differences in the number, size, and area of bulliform cells and also polysaccharide content showed clear phenotypical plasticity. Cytochemical and laser confocal microscopic studies of polysaccharides of cell walls in bulliform cells of aquatic and terrestrial ecotypes of P. australis showed that a decrease in soil moisture in a natural moderate drought of soil led to an increase in lignin and syringyl monolignol content in the outer walls of bulliform cells and also to a decrease in cellulose and callose content in outer and inner cell walls. The obtained data shows that the studied signs of bulliform cells can be markers of tolerance for population plants that have the ability to curl leaves for the preservation of optimal water balance in moderate drought.
研究了生长在乌克兰基辅第聂伯罗河威尼斯海峡岸边的芦苇(Phragmites australis)水生和陆生种群的叶片,以确定球状细胞在植物抵抗中度土壤干旱的机制中的作用。在干旱和强烈的阳光下,球状(运动)细胞参与叶子的扭曲和折叠。采用光镜法、细胞化学法、激光共聚焦显微镜法和生物化学法对南菖蒲水生种群和陆生种群叶片的球状细胞进行了研究。通过对南芥叶片球状细胞结构的比较分析,发现不同生长地点的南芥叶片球状细胞结构存在显著差异。球状细胞的数量、大小和面积以及多糖含量的差异显示出明显的表型可塑性。细胞化学和激光共聚焦显微镜对水陆生态型南菖蒲球状细胞细胞壁多糖的研究表明,在自然中度干旱的土壤条件下,土壤水分的减少导致球状细胞外壁木质素和丁香基单脂醇含量的增加,同时导致外、内细胞壁纤维素和胼胝质含量的减少。所获得的数据表明,所研究的球状细胞标志可以作为群体植物耐受性的标志,这些群体植物具有卷曲叶片的能力,可以在中等干旱条件下保持最佳的水分平衡。
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引用次数: 1
Marrubium zeydanlii (Lamiaceae), a new species from Turkey 泽丹红宝石(Lamiaceae),土耳其一新种
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2738
Z. Aytaç, B. İğci, Tuğba Ertuğrul, N. M. Pınar, Deniz Aygoren Uluer, Barış Özüdoğru
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引用次数: 0
Archaeobotanical evidence of agricultural products in the southern Mediterranean part of Turkey during the Bronze Ages from Tatarlı Höyük 青铜器时代土耳其地中海南部农产品的考古植物证据,来自tatarlylHöyük
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2716
S. Kavak, H. Çakan
: In this study, archaeobotanical data were gathered from the Early, Middle, and Late Bronze Age layers (2400–1200 BC) of the Tatarlı Höyük exposed in the 2011–2012 excavation seasons in the Ceyhan district of Adana Province were evaluated. In 8 trenches relating to these periods, archaeological contexts such as inside areas, hearths, ovens, middens, ceramic pots, etc., as well as contexts with carbonized plant remains were recovered by using dry and wet sieving methods, corresponding in total to 90 soil samples. The major agricultural plants identified were Triticum monococcum (einkorn wheat), Triticum dicoccum (emmer wheat), Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), Hordeum vulgare (barley), and Lens culinaris (lentil) species. Identified Vitis sylvestris (wild vine), Vitis vinifera (vine), and Olea europaea (olive) species show that fruit cultivation and accordingly wine and olive oil production were carried out during these periods. Archaeobotanical data revealed the changes in the cultivated species during the different Bronze Ages, showing which species were preferred in different periods and whether changes in the climate affected those preferences.
在本研究中,对2011-2012年阿达纳省杰伊汉地区出土的鞑靼斯坦Höyük早、中、晚青铜时代(公元前2400-1200年)的考古植物学数据进行了评估。在与这些时期相关的8条沟中,通过干湿筛分方法,回收了内部区域、壁炉、烤箱、墓穴、陶罐等考古背景,以及碳化植物遗骸的背景,共对应了90个土壤样品。鉴定出的主要农业植物是小麦(Triticum monococum)、小麦(Triticum dicoccum)、面包小麦(Triticum aestivum)、大麦(Hordeum vulgare)和扁豆(Lens culinaris)。已鉴定的野生葡萄树(Vitis sylvestris)、葡萄树(Vitis vinifera)和橄榄树(Olea europaea)表明,在这些时期进行了水果种植,并相应地进行了葡萄酒和橄榄油的生产。考古植物学数据揭示了不同青铜时代栽培物种的变化,显示了在不同时期哪种物种更受青睐,以及气候的变化是否影响了这些偏好。
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引用次数: 1
Morphological and molecular characterization of banana clones growing in Turkey 土耳其香蕉无性系的形态和分子特征
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2684
Filiz Baysal, S. Ercişli
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引用次数: 0
Ellenberg ecological indicator values, tolerance values, species niche models for soil nutrient availability, salinity, and pH in coastal dune vegetation along a landward gradient (Euxine, Turkey) 海岸带沙丘植被的Ellenberg生态指标值、容限值、物种生态位模型及其对土壤养分有效性、盐度和pH的影响(土耳其,Euxine)
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2714
H. Kutbay, B. Sürmen
: Coastal dunes are characterised by plant species adapted to harsh conditions. Salinity and other factors (soil pH, nutrients, and climate events) vary along the landward gradient. The current study investigated the effects of environmental factors on the occurrence and composition of coastal dune plants. Ellenberg ecological indicator values (EIVs), species tolerance values (TVs), and species niche models for salinity, nutrient availability, and soil reaction were determined. EIVs were estimated using weighted averages based on the species cover-abundance for each plot. Species TVs were calculated considering the cover-abundance and EIVs (pH, nutrient, and salinity). Species niche models were determined with the general linear model (GLM). GLM was computed using mean community EIVs, canopy height, and climatic variables. We found that salinity (S) and pH (R) EIVs decreased along the seaside-inland gradient while nitrogen (N) EIVs increased. TVs for S increased landward while S and R TVs decreased. According to GLM, niche models of 28 species for salinity, 25 species for pH, and 21 species for nutrient were significant. In summary, salinity and pH are the main drivers shaping coastal dune zonation and plant community.
:海岸沙丘的特点是植物种类适应恶劣的条件。盐度和其他因素(土壤pH值、营养物质和气候事件)随着向陆地的梯度而变化。本研究调查了环境因素对海岸沙丘植物发生和组成的影响。确定了艾伦伯格生态指示值(EIV)、物种耐受值(TV)以及盐度、养分有效性和土壤反应的物种生态位模型。EIV是根据每个地块的物种覆盖丰度使用加权平均值进行估计的。物种TV的计算考虑了覆盖丰度和EIV(pH、养分和盐度)。物种生态位模型采用广义线性模型(GLM)确定。GLM是使用平均群落EIV、冠层高度和气候变量计算的。我们发现,盐度(S)和pH(R)EIV沿海滨-内陆梯度降低,而氮(N)EIV增加。S的电视向陆地增加,而S和R的电视则减少。根据GLM,28种盐度、25种pH和21种养分的生态位模型是显著的。总之,盐度和pH是形成海岸沙丘分带和植物群落的主要驱动因素。
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引用次数: 1
Modulation of physiological plasticity through structural and functional modifications in Stipagrostis plumosa L. for adaptability to hyper-arid environments 通过结构和功能修饰调节羽花Stipagrostis plumosa L.的生理可塑性以适应超干旱环境
IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.55730/1300-008x.2721
S. Bibi, M. Ahmad, M. Hameed, A. Alvi
Recommended Citation BIBI, SAFURA; AHMAD, MUHAMMAD SAJID AQEEL; HAMEED, MANSOOR; and ALVI, AMBREEN KHADIJA (2022) "Modulation of physiological plasticity through structural and functional modifications in Stipagrostis plumosa L. for adaptability to hyper-arid environments," Turkish Journal of Botany: Vol. 46: No. 5, Article 3. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-008X.2721 Available at: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/vol46/iss5/3
推荐引文BIBI,SAFURA;艾哈迈德、穆罕默德·萨吉德·阿奎尔;哈米德,曼苏尔;和ALVI,AMBREEN KHADIJA(2022)“通过结构和功能修饰来调节羽花Stipagrostis plumosa L.的生理可塑性,以适应超干旱环境”,《土耳其植物学杂志》:第46卷:第5期,第3条。https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-008X.2721网址:https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/vol46/iss5/3
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Turkish Journal of Botany
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