Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355569
Young-jin Oh, Dae-hoon Yang, J. Jin, S. Yoon, Donghyun Kim
This paper describes the development of multi-node sensor network based on free space optics. The sensor network employs sensor nodes implemented with adjustable mirror devices built to simulate a cube corner reflector macroscopically. We have confirmed the feasibility of the mirror devices to construct a long-range optical sensor network.
{"title":"A feasibility study of multi-node sensor network based on free space optics using adjustable mirror devices","authors":"Young-jin Oh, Dae-hoon Yang, J. Jin, S. Yoon, Donghyun Kim","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355569","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of multi-node sensor network based on free space optics. The sensor network employs sensor nodes implemented with adjustable mirror devices built to simulate a cube corner reflector macroscopically. We have confirmed the feasibility of the mirror devices to construct a long-range optical sensor network.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125941476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355889
Jin-hwan Lee, Tae-Sun Lim, I. Papautsky
This paper describes a new penetrating micro-electrode array (MEA) sensor for in situ measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO) in bioapplications. The sensor was fabricated using an HF-based etching technique, with a polymerized polypyrrole layer as an insulator. The sensor area was formed by a gold layer inside a 1.7 mum recess at the tip of each microelectrode. Electrochemical performance of these DO MEAs was fully characterized by measuring DO of saline solutions with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The DO MEAs exhibited a rapid and linear response in the 0-9 mg/L (0-21% O2) range. These new sensors are able to penetrate samples in order to perform measurements, and are ideally suited for in situ operations due to their small size.
{"title":"Penetrating Microelectrode Sensor for In Situ Dissolved Oxygen Measurements","authors":"Jin-hwan Lee, Tae-Sun Lim, I. Papautsky","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355889","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new penetrating micro-electrode array (MEA) sensor for in situ measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO) in bioapplications. The sensor was fabricated using an HF-based etching technique, with a polymerized polypyrrole layer as an insulator. The sensor area was formed by a gold layer inside a 1.7 mum recess at the tip of each microelectrode. Electrochemical performance of these DO MEAs was fully characterized by measuring DO of saline solutions with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The DO MEAs exhibited a rapid and linear response in the 0-9 mg/L (0-21% O2) range. These new sensors are able to penetrate samples in order to perform measurements, and are ideally suited for in situ operations due to their small size.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126133611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355588
S. Park, C. Yun, D. Inman
A self-contained active sensor system is proposed for the practical use of an electro-mechanical impedance-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technique for civil infrastructures. This system, which consists of a miniaturized impedance measuring chip (AD5933) and a self-sensing macro-fiber composite (MFC) patch, can be a powerful tool for a variety of in-situ SHM applications in civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems, since (1) the AD5933 is low-cost, portable, and readily combined with a wireless telemetry and (2) the MFC patch can be permanently attached to a structure and provide meaningful information regarding the structure's integrity through its self-sensing function. In this study, the effectiveness of the proposed active sensor device has been verified through a series of experimental studies: (a) inspecting loosening bolts in a bolt-jointed structure and (b) detecting corrosion in an aluminum beam.
{"title":"A Self-contained Active Sensor System for Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructures","authors":"S. Park, C. Yun, D. Inman","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355588","url":null,"abstract":"A self-contained active sensor system is proposed for the practical use of an electro-mechanical impedance-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technique for civil infrastructures. This system, which consists of a miniaturized impedance measuring chip (AD5933) and a self-sensing macro-fiber composite (MFC) patch, can be a powerful tool for a variety of in-situ SHM applications in civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems, since (1) the AD5933 is low-cost, portable, and readily combined with a wireless telemetry and (2) the MFC patch can be permanently attached to a structure and provide meaningful information regarding the structure's integrity through its self-sensing function. In this study, the effectiveness of the proposed active sensor device has been verified through a series of experimental studies: (a) inspecting loosening bolts in a bolt-jointed structure and (b) detecting corrosion in an aluminum beam.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355863
Duckjong Kim, J. Yun, Jee-Hoon Seo
A blood analysis chip including a power-free micro blood separator capable of separating cells-free plasma from whole blood using a specially designed sub-micron structure and electrochemical electrodes for glucose sensing is developed. Preliminary tests show the possibility of the presented chip.
{"title":"Blood Separation for Reduction of Noise in Glucose Sensing","authors":"Duckjong Kim, J. Yun, Jee-Hoon Seo","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355863","url":null,"abstract":"A blood analysis chip including a power-free micro blood separator capable of separating cells-free plasma from whole blood using a specially designed sub-micron structure and electrochemical electrodes for glucose sensing is developed. Preliminary tests show the possibility of the presented chip.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129872044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355794
W. Satoh, H. Yokomaku, H. Hosono, H. Suzuki
An integrated device which can conduct timely transport of a sample solution and analyze its components was constructed. The transport of solutions was based on capillary action on hydrophilic glass areas and the control by valves which operate based on electrowetting. Electrochemical sensors including glucose, lactate, GOT, GPT, pH, ammonia, urea, and creatinine were integrated. Sensors for the former four are amperometric whereas the detection of the latter four are based on potentiometry. The ammonia, urea, and creatinine sensors had an air gap structure to realize a fast response. The sensors for GOT and GPT had a freeze-dried substrate matrix to realize rapid mixing. The sample solution was transported to required sensing sites at desired times. The integrated sensors showed distinct responses upon the introduction of a sample solution. Linear relationships were observed between the output signals and the concentration or the logarithm of the concentration of the analytes.
{"title":"Highly Sophisticated Electrochemical Analysis System with an Integrated Microfluidic System Based on Electrowetting","authors":"W. Satoh, H. Yokomaku, H. Hosono, H. Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355794","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated device which can conduct timely transport of a sample solution and analyze its components was constructed. The transport of solutions was based on capillary action on hydrophilic glass areas and the control by valves which operate based on electrowetting. Electrochemical sensors including glucose, lactate, GOT, GPT, pH, ammonia, urea, and creatinine were integrated. Sensors for the former four are amperometric whereas the detection of the latter four are based on potentiometry. The ammonia, urea, and creatinine sensors had an air gap structure to realize a fast response. The sensors for GOT and GPT had a freeze-dried substrate matrix to realize rapid mixing. The sample solution was transported to required sensing sites at desired times. The integrated sensors showed distinct responses upon the introduction of a sample solution. Linear relationships were observed between the output signals and the concentration or the logarithm of the concentration of the analytes.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128530979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355841
W. Quan, K. Shida
A sphere-type angular position sensor for testing inclination angle and inclined direction based on multifunctional sensing technique is proposed. The choice of sphere shape permits a full range and continuous measurement of two angular parameters. The iron ball as the movement part of sensor gives the robust character comparing to the common liquid works. Several coils are wound on the surface of hollow ball and compose three inductances as outputs to obtain the relative position of two parts. We herein discuss the sensor structure and estimate the required parameters of the prototype sensor using the output characteristic and the equations obtained by geometrical analysis.
{"title":"A Full-Range Space Angular Position Sensor Based on Multifunctional Method","authors":"W. Quan, K. Shida","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355841","url":null,"abstract":"A sphere-type angular position sensor for testing inclination angle and inclined direction based on multifunctional sensing technique is proposed. The choice of sphere shape permits a full range and continuous measurement of two angular parameters. The iron ball as the movement part of sensor gives the robust character comparing to the common liquid works. Several coils are wound on the surface of hollow ball and compose three inductances as outputs to obtain the relative position of two parts. We herein discuss the sensor structure and estimate the required parameters of the prototype sensor using the output characteristic and the equations obtained by geometrical analysis.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127233975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355525
W. Granig, C. Kolle, D. Hammerschmidt, B. Schaffer, R. Borgschulze, C. Reidl, J. Zimmer
An integrated GMR (giant-magnetic-resistance) sensor is presented for 360deg angular measurements of rotating magnetic fields in automotive applications. The spin-valve GMR-layers are directly applied to a standard semiconductor 0.22 mum CMOS process by vertical integration of the sensor-bridges atop of active circuitry. The entire integrated angle-sensor comprises 2 orthogonal magnetized GMR-bridges for sine and cosine signal measurements, and the subsequent signal conditioning circuitry. The entire angular sensor is designed to work in harsh automotive environment in a temperature range of -40degC to 150degC. The strength for best precision covers a wide range from 20 to 50 mT. The resulting angular information itself can be obtained by SPI-readout and calculating the arc-trigonometric function of the bridge signals with a resolution of >13 bit in an auxiliary microcontroller. After individual calibration to compensate for production spread an accuracy of typical 0.5deg is achieved.
提出了一种集成式巨磁阻传感器，用于汽车旋转磁场的360度角测量。通过在有源电路顶部的传感器桥的垂直集成，自旋阀gmr层直接应用于标准半导体0.22 μ m CMOS工艺。整个集成角度传感器包括两个正交磁化gmr桥，用于正弦和余弦信号测量，以及随后的信号调理电路。整个角度传感器设计用于恶劣的汽车环境，温度范围为-40°c至150°c。最佳精度的强度范围从20到50 mT。由此产生的角度信息本身可以通过spi读出和计算桥信号的弧三角函数获得，在辅助微控制器中分辨率为>13位。经过个别校准，以补偿生产扩散的精度达到典型的0.5度。
{"title":"Integrated Gigant Magnetic Resistance based Angle Sensor","authors":"W. Granig, C. Kolle, D. Hammerschmidt, B. Schaffer, R. Borgschulze, C. Reidl, J. Zimmer","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355525","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated GMR (giant-magnetic-resistance) sensor is presented for 360deg angular measurements of rotating magnetic fields in automotive applications. The spin-valve GMR-layers are directly applied to a standard semiconductor 0.22 mum CMOS process by vertical integration of the sensor-bridges atop of active circuitry. The entire integrated angle-sensor comprises 2 orthogonal magnetized GMR-bridges for sine and cosine signal measurements, and the subsequent signal conditioning circuitry. The entire angular sensor is designed to work in harsh automotive environment in a temperature range of -40degC to 150degC. The strength for best precision covers a wide range from 20 to 50 mT. The resulting angular information itself can be obtained by SPI-readout and calculating the arc-trigonometric function of the bridge signals with a resolution of >13 bit in an auxiliary microcontroller. After individual calibration to compensate for production spread an accuracy of typical 0.5deg is achieved.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127320747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355730
F. Tatar, Lujun Zhang, J. Bastemeijer, P. Turmezei, J. Mollinger, A. Bossche
In the past times moving field in capillary electrophoresis (CE) have been introduced. However these attempts are unsuccessfully because the fluid column in the known electric field area introduces parabolic distortion of the osmotic flow profile, and in this way it introduces sever plug dispersions. This paper introduces a method to utilize the separation efficiency of moving field capillary electrophoresis, without the drawback of severe plug dispersion (99% sample flat profile). Also the voltage is maintained on the low values and the speed of the sample is reduced and the efficiency of the separation is increased.
{"title":"Technique for Plug Dispersion Compensation In Moving Field Capillary Electrophoresis Application","authors":"F. Tatar, Lujun Zhang, J. Bastemeijer, P. Turmezei, J. Mollinger, A. Bossche","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355730","url":null,"abstract":"In the past times moving field in capillary electrophoresis (CE) have been introduced. However these attempts are unsuccessfully because the fluid column in the known electric field area introduces parabolic distortion of the osmotic flow profile, and in this way it introduces sever plug dispersions. This paper introduces a method to utilize the separation efficiency of moving field capillary electrophoresis, without the drawback of severe plug dispersion (99% sample flat profile). Also the voltage is maintained on the low values and the speed of the sample is reduced and the efficiency of the separation is increased.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129985137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355559
R. Jaaniso, A. Gerst, A. Floren, T. Avarmaa, V. Sammelselg, H. Mandar
Pulsed laser deposition was applied to chromia-titania solid solutions (CTO) with the aim to study electrical and gas sensing properties on (ultra)thin films of this material. The films with different compositions (5% to 33.3% of Ti from total cationic amount) were characterized by XRD, XRR, AFM, and EPMA. The electrical conductivity of the films was studied in clean air and in the presence of reducing gases (H2, CO). The gas sensitivity was found to depend strongly on growth and annealing conditions but only slightly from thickness (10-70 nm) or composition of the films prepared under similar conditions.
{"title":"Electrical and Gas Sensing Properties of Cr2O3-TiO2 Thin Films made by Pulsed Laser Deposition","authors":"R. Jaaniso, A. Gerst, A. Floren, T. Avarmaa, V. Sammelselg, H. Mandar","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355559","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed laser deposition was applied to chromia-titania solid solutions (CTO) with the aim to study electrical and gas sensing properties on (ultra)thin films of this material. The films with different compositions (5% to 33.3% of Ti from total cationic amount) were characterized by XRD, XRR, AFM, and EPMA. The electrical conductivity of the films was studied in clean air and in the presence of reducing gases (H2, CO). The gas sensitivity was found to depend strongly on growth and annealing conditions but only slightly from thickness (10-70 nm) or composition of the films prepared under similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131049328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355909
Sungmok Hwang, K. Shin, Youngjin Park
Robots with sound localization capability have been developed mostly relying on machine vision or an array of more than two microphones. Humans can localize a sound source hidden to the eye and distinguish whether a sound is coming from front or rear, above or below with only two ears. This is mainly due to the complex shape of the pinna. In particular, reflections off the posterior wall of the concha produce spectral notches at different frequencies in the head-related transfer function (HRTF) as the sound source shifts in position. From the non-individualized HRTFs measured with a B&K HATS (head and torso simulator), we were able to confirm the relationship between the spectral notches and the geometry of the concha. Based on the observation of the HATS' pinna and resulting HRTFs, a novel design of artificial ear that can be mounted on a robot head is proposed in order to explore the possibility of developing sound localization sensors using only two microphones. Experimental results using a designed artificial ear show that the spectral notches are distinctively changed with respect to the elevation in the frontal region, whereas they disappear in the rear. In view of that result, it is expected to pinpoint a sound direction in 3-D space using only two microphones and the designed artificial ear can be a suitable mechanical sensor for sound source localization.
{"title":"Artificial Ear for Robots","authors":"Sungmok Hwang, K. Shin, Youngjin Park","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2007.355909","url":null,"abstract":"Robots with sound localization capability have been developed mostly relying on machine vision or an array of more than two microphones. Humans can localize a sound source hidden to the eye and distinguish whether a sound is coming from front or rear, above or below with only two ears. This is mainly due to the complex shape of the pinna. In particular, reflections off the posterior wall of the concha produce spectral notches at different frequencies in the head-related transfer function (HRTF) as the sound source shifts in position. From the non-individualized HRTFs measured with a B&K HATS (head and torso simulator), we were able to confirm the relationship between the spectral notches and the geometry of the concha. Based on the observation of the HATS' pinna and resulting HRTFs, a novel design of artificial ear that can be mounted on a robot head is proposed in order to explore the possibility of developing sound localization sensors using only two microphones. Experimental results using a designed artificial ear show that the spectral notches are distinctively changed with respect to the elevation in the frontal region, whereas they disappear in the rear. In view of that result, it is expected to pinpoint a sound direction in 3-D space using only two microphones and the designed artificial ear can be a suitable mechanical sensor for sound source localization.","PeriodicalId":233838,"journal":{"name":"2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130752534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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