D. Kee, J. Abrams, Tyler Aldworth, Courtney A. Schultz, Chad Kooistra, H. Huber-Stearns
The USDA Forest Service’s Shared Stewardship strategy, announced initially in 2018, is built on a vision of advancing federal partnerships with states and other entities to better accomplish shared forest management priorities at the landscape scale. Early implementation of the strategy provides a glimpse into how these partnership dynamics differ both among states and among geographic and jurisdictional regions. Building on a prior assessment of early Shared Stewardship implementation in the western states, this Brief Communication article provides insights from a parallel analysis in the Southern Region (Region 8) of the Forest Service. Our results highlight the fact that informal relationships and ways of doing business can be as important as formal policies in shaping the ways that federal, state, and other entities work together in practice. Study Implications: This study shows that many of the key tenets of the Shared Stewardship strategy have been practiced informally for many years throughout the southern United States. The preponderance of family forestland in the South has led to numerous incentive-based policies and programs designed to work across large landscapes while respecting landowner autonomy. Varied state, federal, county, nongovernment organizations, and private entities have worked together on numerous projects designed to promote landscape-scale conservation and have shown interest in sharing resources and successes in these projects. Informal relationships were identified as keys to the success of these prior and ongoing initiatives.
{"title":"The Shared Stewardship Strategy in the Southern United States: Lessons Learned","authors":"D. Kee, J. Abrams, Tyler Aldworth, Courtney A. Schultz, Chad Kooistra, H. Huber-Stearns","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The USDA Forest Service’s Shared Stewardship strategy, announced initially in 2018, is built on a vision of advancing federal partnerships with states and other entities to better accomplish shared forest management priorities at the landscape scale. Early implementation of the strategy provides a glimpse into how these partnership dynamics differ both among states and among geographic and jurisdictional regions. Building on a prior assessment of early Shared Stewardship implementation in the western states, this Brief Communication article provides insights from a parallel analysis in the Southern Region (Region 8) of the Forest Service. Our results highlight the fact that informal relationships and ways of doing business can be as important as formal policies in shaping the ways that federal, state, and other entities work together in practice.\u0000 Study Implications: This study shows that many of the key tenets of the Shared Stewardship strategy have been practiced informally for many years throughout the southern United States. The preponderance of family forestland in the South has led to numerous incentive-based policies and programs designed to work across large landscapes while respecting landowner autonomy. Varied state, federal, county, nongovernment organizations, and private entities have worked together on numerous projects designed to promote landscape-scale conservation and have shown interest in sharing resources and successes in these projects. Informal relationships were identified as keys to the success of these prior and ongoing initiatives.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88558916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bu çalışma Isparta Yöresi Doğal Anadolu Karaçamı (Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) meşçerelerinde tek ağaçta kabuk kalınlığının değişimini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Karaçam kalın kabuklu bir tür olması sebebiyle, hacim, hacim artımı ve eta için verilen değerlerin daha sağlıklı olarak ortaya koyulabilmesi ve eğer gelecekte kabuktan faydalanma ile ilgili teknolojik gelişimler söz konusu olursa, envanter değerlerinin belirlenmesi gibi sebeplerden ötürü kabuk kalınlığı çalışmaları bakımından önem arz eden bir türdür. Bu doğrultuda çalışma kapsamında genç ve yaşlı ağaçlar için farklı boy gruplarında göğüs çapı ve kabuk payı ile kesit yüksekliği ile kabuk kalınlığı parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiler regresyon analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar hem göğüs çapı ile kabuk payı arasında hem de kesit yüksekliği ile kabuk kalınlığı arasında ağaç yaşları be boy grupları bakımından istatistiksel olarak farklar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
这项研究旨在确定伊斯帕尔塔地区安纳托利亚落叶松（Pinus nigra Arnold.由于落叶松是一种厚皮树种，因此它是树皮厚度研究方面的一个重要树种，其原因包括更准确地确定体积、体积增量和等值，以及在未来树皮利用技术发展的情况下确定库存值。在本研究范围内，采用回归分析方法评估了不同高度组的幼树和老树的胸径与树皮份额、截面高度和树皮厚度参数之间的关系。结果表明，在树龄和高度组别方面，胸径和树皮份额之间以及横截面高度和树皮厚度之间存在显著的统计学差异。
{"title":"Variation of bark thickness on single stem of crimean pine (Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) In Natural Stands: A case study of Isparta region","authors":"Musa Denizhan ULUSAN, Ünal ELER","doi":"10.18182/tjf.1267002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1267002","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma Isparta Yöresi Doğal Anadolu Karaçamı (Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) meşçerelerinde tek ağaçta kabuk kalınlığının değişimini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Karaçam kalın kabuklu bir tür olması sebebiyle, hacim, hacim artımı ve eta için verilen değerlerin daha sağlıklı olarak ortaya koyulabilmesi ve eğer gelecekte kabuktan faydalanma ile ilgili teknolojik gelişimler söz konusu olursa, envanter değerlerinin belirlenmesi gibi sebeplerden ötürü kabuk kalınlığı çalışmaları bakımından önem arz eden bir türdür. Bu doğrultuda çalışma kapsamında genç ve yaşlı ağaçlar için farklı boy gruplarında göğüs çapı ve kabuk payı ile kesit yüksekliği ile kabuk kalınlığı parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiler regresyon analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar hem göğüs çapı ile kabuk payı arasında hem de kesit yüksekliği ile kabuk kalınlığı arasında ağaç yaşları be boy grupları bakımından istatistiksel olarak farklar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Markowski-Lindsay, P. Catanzaro, Amanda Robillard, B. Butler, D. Orwig, A. D’Amato, Jonathan R. Thompson, Danelle M. Laflower, M. G. MacLean, M. Itter
Forester and logger responses to the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB) could substantially affect regions across the United States. We analyzed forester and logger responses to EAB in Massachusetts and Vermont, exploring characteristics associated with purposeful targeting of substantial ash properties; managing forests differently because of EAB; and regeneration goals. One-third of respondents increased timber sales on ash properties, motivated by ecological, not economic, impacts of EAB. Nearly 60% said EAB changed their management activity in stands with ash; changes influenced by the ecological impact of EAB and not economic factors. Those influenced by EAB’s ecological impact to choose properties with substantial ash were more likely to have increased harvest area size, sawtimber removal, and harvest intensity. Loggers were more likely than foresters to remove small-diameter ash and low-grade trees. Both rated regenerating economically valuable species well adapted to the site as their highest essential priority. Study Implications: There is a finite window to address emerald ash borer (EAB) to sustain ash and its cultural, ecological, and economic benefits. Given the time constraint and limited resources available to address EAB, finding strategic approaches to mitigate EAB impact is critical. This survey sought to understand forester and logger response to EAB; given their impact on the landscape, informing their management strategies is one critical approach to the conservation of ash. Understanding the ecological impact of current management approaches could help optimize silvicultural strategies. Silvicultural strategies mitigating EAB ecological impacts would likely be of greatest interest to foresters and loggers.
{"title":"Forester and Logger Response to Emerald Ash Borer in Massachusetts and Vermont: a Secondary Disturbance","authors":"M. Markowski-Lindsay, P. Catanzaro, Amanda Robillard, B. Butler, D. Orwig, A. D’Amato, Jonathan R. Thompson, Danelle M. Laflower, M. G. MacLean, M. Itter","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Forester and logger responses to the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB) could substantially affect regions across the United States. We analyzed forester and logger responses to EAB in Massachusetts and Vermont, exploring characteristics associated with purposeful targeting of substantial ash properties; managing forests differently because of EAB; and regeneration goals. One-third of respondents increased timber sales on ash properties, motivated by ecological, not economic, impacts of EAB. Nearly 60% said EAB changed their management activity in stands with ash; changes influenced by the ecological impact of EAB and not economic factors. Those influenced by EAB’s ecological impact to choose properties with substantial ash were more likely to have increased harvest area size, sawtimber removal, and harvest intensity. Loggers were more likely than foresters to remove small-diameter ash and low-grade trees. Both rated regenerating economically valuable species well adapted to the site as their highest essential priority.\u0000 Study Implications: There is a finite window to address emerald ash borer (EAB) to sustain ash and its cultural, ecological, and economic benefits. Given the time constraint and limited resources available to address EAB, finding strategic approaches to mitigate EAB impact is critical. This survey sought to understand forester and logger response to EAB; given their impact on the landscape, informing their management strategies is one critical approach to the conservation of ash. Understanding the ecological impact of current management approaches could help optimize silvicultural strategies. Silvicultural strategies mitigating EAB ecological impacts would likely be of greatest interest to foresters and loggers.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77322665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suchana Aryal, T. McConnell, K. Poudel, A. Polinko
Variable density yield equations were constructed using fuzzy linear regression for bottomland oak-gum-cypress forests along the US Gulf Coast and lower Mississippi River Delta region. The USDA Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis program provided plot data (n = 526). Predictors included stand age, growing stock basal area per acre, sweetgum site index (base age 50 years), and US Environmental Protection Agency ecoregion dummy variables located in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Texas. Dependent variables were per acre growing stock cubic foot yield (GSV) and Doyle board foot sawlog yield (SLV). Plots averaged 58 years, 90 ft2/ac basal area, 79 ft site index, 2,556 ft3/ac GSV, and 11,183 Doyle bf/ac SLV. Adjusted R2 were 0.98 (GSV) and 0.77 (SLV). Basal area possessed fuzziness in the GSV model, whereas the SLV model’s intercept was fuzzy. Six ecoregions possessed fuzziness in each model, but these were not identical across models. Study Implications: Some forestry measures at the stand level can be inherently vague or not as crisp as their reported values may suggest. Fuzzy linear regression can help overcome these imprecisions. Basal area per acre, which depends on average tree size and stand density, was both fuzzy and the most critical predictor of growing stock volume. The study’s relevance for clientele in the region specifically includes inventorying and appraising lands of the oak-gum-cypress mix. Narrower yield prediction intervals permit focusing resources on minimizing other sources of error when setting a reservation price (for landowners) or formulating a bid price (for buyers).
{"title":"Whole Stand Variable Density Yield Equations for Oak-Gum-Cypress Bottomland Hardwood Forests","authors":"Suchana Aryal, T. McConnell, K. Poudel, A. Polinko","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Variable density yield equations were constructed using fuzzy linear regression for bottomland oak-gum-cypress forests along the US Gulf Coast and lower Mississippi River Delta region. The USDA Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis program provided plot data (n = 526). Predictors included stand age, growing stock basal area per acre, sweetgum site index (base age 50 years), and US Environmental Protection Agency ecoregion dummy variables located in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Texas. Dependent variables were per acre growing stock cubic foot yield (GSV) and Doyle board foot sawlog yield (SLV). Plots averaged 58 years, 90 ft2/ac basal area, 79 ft site index, 2,556 ft3/ac GSV, and 11,183 Doyle bf/ac SLV. Adjusted R2 were 0.98 (GSV) and 0.77 (SLV). Basal area possessed fuzziness in the GSV model, whereas the SLV model’s intercept was fuzzy. Six ecoregions possessed fuzziness in each model, but these were not identical across models.\u0000 Study Implications: Some forestry measures at the stand level can be inherently vague or not as crisp as their reported values may suggest. Fuzzy linear regression can help overcome these imprecisions. Basal area per acre, which depends on average tree size and stand density, was both fuzzy and the most critical predictor of growing stock volume. The study’s relevance for clientele in the region specifically includes inventorying and appraising lands of the oak-gum-cypress mix. Narrower yield prediction intervals permit focusing resources on minimizing other sources of error when setting a reservation price (for landowners) or formulating a bid price (for buyers).","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86145032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan T Guynn, Patrick Hiesl, Joseph Bible, Janet Steele
Forestry in South Carolina has an annual economic impact of $23 billion and provides over 100,000 jobs statewide. Approximately 87% of forest lands in South Carolina is privately owned and faces shifts in ownership and management practices that may impact forest health. We conducted a bus tour that demonstrated the entire life cycle of a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forest from final harvest through forest maturity. The bus tour was aimed at increasing landowner knowledge and influencing the likelihood that they will implement forest management practices. An evaluation using multiple methods was conducted to determine whether the bus tour achieved its objectives. Qualitative and quantitative data converged to show that the forest management bus tour appeared to have been effective in increasing forest landowner knowledge and intent to implement forest management practices, thus potentially increasing forest health across the state. Study Implications: Despite extensive knowledge that is readily available to forest landowners, many landowners are still reluctant to implement forest management practices that lead to improved forest health. With over 87% of forest lands in South Carolina in private ownership, it is imperative to educate and encourage forest landowners to implement forest management practices that can help increase forest health. The outcome of a multiple methods evaluation of a forest management bus tour to educate landowners suggests that showing forest landowners management practices on the ground and explaining the associated terminology is likely to increase the adoption of forest management practices.
{"title":"Outcomes of a Comprehensive Forest Landowner Extension Program","authors":"Susan T Guynn, Patrick Hiesl, Joseph Bible, Janet Steele","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Forestry in South Carolina has an annual economic impact of $23 billion and provides over 100,000 jobs statewide. Approximately 87% of forest lands in South Carolina is privately owned and faces shifts in ownership and management practices that may impact forest health. We conducted a bus tour that demonstrated the entire life cycle of a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forest from final harvest through forest maturity. The bus tour was aimed at increasing landowner knowledge and influencing the likelihood that they will implement forest management practices. An evaluation using multiple methods was conducted to determine whether the bus tour achieved its objectives. Qualitative and quantitative data converged to show that the forest management bus tour appeared to have been effective in increasing forest landowner knowledge and intent to implement forest management practices, thus potentially increasing forest health across the state.\u0000 Study Implications: Despite extensive knowledge that is readily available to forest landowners, many landowners are still reluctant to implement forest management practices that lead to improved forest health. With over 87% of forest lands in South Carolina in private ownership, it is imperative to educate and encourage forest landowners to implement forest management practices that can help increase forest health. The outcome of a multiple methods evaluation of a forest management bus tour to educate landowners suggests that showing forest landowners management practices on the ground and explaining the associated terminology is likely to increase the adoption of forest management practices.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86316818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Gifford, John M. Zobel, L. M. Shartell, S. Hillard
Forest management and planning efforts often account for many resource objectives and benefits, including wildlife habitat. In particular, newly approved management goals and harvest targets on state lands in Minnesota were examined for their potential impact on wildlife habitat. Using a list of stands planned for potential harvest and a regional wildlife habitat model, habitat effects were assessed for 173 native, forest-dependent wildlife species on state lands. Leveraging forest type– and region-specific harvest probabilities and post-examination lag times to harvest, three simulation efforts covering the spectrum of possible outcomes were used to estimate habitat change from 2020 to 2030. In the most realistic simulation, 31.8% of species exhibited statistically significant positive habitat change, 11.6% significant negative change, and 56.6% nonsignificant or no change. Compared with simulations reflecting more extreme levels of harvest, the realistic simulation showed the greatest compromise between negative and positive shifts in habitat. Results reflect tradeoffs in wildlife habitat preferences such that changes in management that positively affect certain species often negatively affect others. Tradeoffs may be addressed by providing flexibility to individual managers where a targeted prescription is justified for a specific species, all while continuing broad statewide forest management goals. Study Implications: This study investigated how forest stands planned for management examination at a state-agency level may affect wildlife habitat over a 10-year horizon using a series of simulations. When broadly considering many wildlife species at this scale, changes in forest management show tradeoffs in habitat effects between species. Balancing this tradeoff for statewide habitat, managers should focus on targeted management for individual species based on local forest conditions and individual manager expertise.
{"title":"Simulating Timber Harvest to Assess Potential Impacts to Forest Wildlife Habitat on State Lands in Minnesota, USA","authors":"T. Gifford, John M. Zobel, L. M. Shartell, S. Hillard","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Forest management and planning efforts often account for many resource objectives and benefits, including wildlife habitat. In particular, newly approved management goals and harvest targets on state lands in Minnesota were examined for their potential impact on wildlife habitat. Using a list of stands planned for potential harvest and a regional wildlife habitat model, habitat effects were assessed for 173 native, forest-dependent wildlife species on state lands. Leveraging forest type– and region-specific harvest probabilities and post-examination lag times to harvest, three simulation efforts covering the spectrum of possible outcomes were used to estimate habitat change from 2020 to 2030. In the most realistic simulation, 31.8% of species exhibited statistically significant positive habitat change, 11.6% significant negative change, and 56.6% nonsignificant or no change. Compared with simulations reflecting more extreme levels of harvest, the realistic simulation showed the greatest compromise between negative and positive shifts in habitat. Results reflect tradeoffs in wildlife habitat preferences such that changes in management that positively affect certain species often negatively affect others. Tradeoffs may be addressed by providing flexibility to individual managers where a targeted prescription is justified for a specific species, all while continuing broad statewide forest management goals.\u0000 Study Implications: This study investigated how forest stands planned for management examination at a state-agency level may affect wildlife habitat over a 10-year horizon using a series of simulations. When broadly considering many wildlife species at this scale, changes in forest management show tradeoffs in habitat effects between species. Balancing this tradeoff for statewide habitat, managers should focus on targeted management for individual species based on local forest conditions and individual manager expertise.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74930691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajan Parajuli, Stephanie Chizmar, Austin Lamica, E. Wiseman, Jason Gordon, T. Ochuodho, S. Z. Schons, James E. Henderson, Sayeed R. Mehmood, Lara Johnson
As populations in developing areas continue to increase in recent years, urban and community forestry (U&CF) has received considerable attention due to the ecological, social, and economic significance of trees and green landscapes in urban and semi-urban settings. Based on a regional survey of private, public, and nonprofit businesses and agencies involved in U&CF, we first developed a complete profile of the U&CF sector in the southern United States (SUS) and then estimated the economic contribution of U&CF businesses and activities to the thirteen-state regional economy. We estimated that, in 2019, U&CF in the SUS contributed about $23.2 billion in value added with a total jobs support of over 349,200. Based on the current economic contributions and the number of cities and towns in each state, we also categorized thirteen states into four different tiers. Results not only underscore the economic significance of U&CF businesses and activities in the SUS, but also serve as a baseline to track future trends and performance of U&CF in terms of various business metrics. Study Implications: With continuously growing populations in metropolitan cities and developed areas in the southern region, the scope and importance of urban and community forests has continued to increase in recent years as an appropriate strategy to mitigate impacts of urbanization and climate change. Our findings from the regional input-output model suggest that urban and community forestry (U&CF) is a significant economic contributor to the southern regional economy. These regional statistics not only serve as a baseline to track the size and performance of the U&CF sector in the region over the years, but also could be used to enhance existing policies and programs related to U&CF activities in rapidly growing metropolitan areas in the region. Governmental granting agencies could also use these economic metrics for a basis of fund allocation and distribution. Similarly, other sectors, such as public agencies and nonprofit organizations, may also find these results valuable to advocate for additional financial and technical support to sustain and expand U&CF programs in their jurisdictions.
{"title":"Economic Contribution Analysis of Urban and Community Forestry in the Southern United States in 2019","authors":"Rajan Parajuli, Stephanie Chizmar, Austin Lamica, E. Wiseman, Jason Gordon, T. Ochuodho, S. Z. Schons, James E. Henderson, Sayeed R. Mehmood, Lara Johnson","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As populations in developing areas continue to increase in recent years, urban and community forestry (U&CF) has received considerable attention due to the ecological, social, and economic significance of trees and green landscapes in urban and semi-urban settings. Based on a regional survey of private, public, and nonprofit businesses and agencies involved in U&CF, we first developed a complete profile of the U&CF sector in the southern United States (SUS) and then estimated the economic contribution of U&CF businesses and activities to the thirteen-state regional economy. We estimated that, in 2019, U&CF in the SUS contributed about $23.2 billion in value added with a total jobs support of over 349,200. Based on the current economic contributions and the number of cities and towns in each state, we also categorized thirteen states into four different tiers. Results not only underscore the economic significance of U&CF businesses and activities in the SUS, but also serve as a baseline to track future trends and performance of U&CF in terms of various business metrics.\u0000 Study Implications: With continuously growing populations in metropolitan cities and developed areas in the southern region, the scope and importance of urban and community forests has continued to increase in recent years as an appropriate strategy to mitigate impacts of urbanization and climate change. Our findings from the regional input-output model suggest that urban and community forestry (U&CF) is a significant economic contributor to the southern regional economy. These regional statistics not only serve as a baseline to track the size and performance of the U&CF sector in the region over the years, but also could be used to enhance existing policies and programs related to U&CF activities in rapidly growing metropolitan areas in the region. Governmental granting agencies could also use these economic metrics for a basis of fund allocation and distribution. Similarly, other sectors, such as public agencies and nonprofit organizations, may also find these results valuable to advocate for additional financial and technical support to sustain and expand U&CF programs in their jurisdictions.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85624210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the frequency and severity of large wildfires in the western United States have grown, impacts to private property and air quality have typically attracted the greatest attention; however, wildfires can also substantially affect water resources, altering watershed function and contaminating drinking water supplies. Although there is significant scientific literature describing impacts of wildfires on water resources, the literature on economic dimensions of these impacts is limited. In this article, we identify ways in which economic analyses can contribute to understanding and managing wildfire impacts to water resources and review pertinent literature to characterize important areas of future work. These include estimation of damage costs, measurement of avoidance behavior and costs, mapping risks to infrastructure and the environment, optimization of fuel treatments, and risk mitigation. The areas of research covered in this review will only become more important as the climate changes and wildfires continue to pose a risk to natural resources. Study Implications: Rising wildfire activity in the western United States increasingly threatens watersheds and water supply infrastructure. Efficiently managing this risk requires understanding both potential impacts and the costs and benefits of potential management responses; however, little economic research exists on wildfire impacts to water quality. This article identifies and reviews relevant literature from four areas where economic analysis can contribute to managing these impacts: (1) identifying potential for adaptation, (2) measuring damage costs, (3) mapping risk, and (4) developing models to optimize damage mitigation strategies.
{"title":"Economic Analysis of Wildfire Impacts to Water Quality: a Review","authors":"Matthew Wibbenmeyer, M. Sloggy, José J. Sánchez","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the frequency and severity of large wildfires in the western United States have grown, impacts to private property and air quality have typically attracted the greatest attention; however, wildfires can also substantially affect water resources, altering watershed function and contaminating drinking water supplies. Although there is significant scientific literature describing impacts of wildfires on water resources, the literature on economic dimensions of these impacts is limited. In this article, we identify ways in which economic analyses can contribute to understanding and managing wildfire impacts to water resources and review pertinent literature to characterize important areas of future work. These include estimation of damage costs, measurement of avoidance behavior and costs, mapping risks to infrastructure and the environment, optimization of fuel treatments, and risk mitigation. The areas of research covered in this review will only become more important as the climate changes and wildfires continue to pose a risk to natural resources.\u0000 Study Implications: Rising wildfire activity in the western United States increasingly threatens watersheds and water supply infrastructure. Efficiently managing this risk requires understanding both potential impacts and the costs and benefits of potential management responses; however, little economic research exists on wildfire impacts to water quality. This article identifies and reviews relevant literature from four areas where economic analysis can contribute to managing these impacts: (1) identifying potential for adaptation, (2) measuring damage costs, (3) mapping risk, and (4) developing models to optimize damage mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73987191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Carpenter, Daniel Rentauskas, Nikhil Makkar, Jinha Jung, S. Fei
Field-based forest inventory plots are fundamental for many forest studies. These on-the-ground measurements of small samples of forested areas provide foresters with key information such as the size, abundance, health, and value of their forests. Recently, forest inventory plots have begun to be used as ground validation for tree features automatically extracted from remotely sensed data sets. Additionally, machine learning methods for feature extraction rely heavily on large quantities of training data and require these field forest inventory measurement datasets for algorithm training. Undermining the usefulness of forest inventory plot data as validation or training data is the positional uncertainty of plot location measurements. Because global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) cannot reliably measure plot center coordinates under thick tree canopy, plot center coordinates usually contain multiple meters of horizontal error. We present a method for reliably measuring plot center coordinates in which plot centers are individually marked with low-cost targets, allowing plot centers to be manually measured from orthoimagery captured during the leaf-off season. Our plot center measurements are shown to have less than 10 cm of horizontal error, an improvement of an order of magnitude over traditional GNSS methods. Study Implications: Recently, as unoccupied aerial systems (UASs) make high-resolution data easy to collect, researchers have begun to develop methods for measuring individual tree features automatically from remotely sensed data. The output from these methods must be compared to on-the-ground measurements, most commonly to forest inventories. Although forest inventories provide accurate per tree characteristics, there is no method for measuring the global position of these inventories accurately and reliably. This prevents the ground measurements from matching up with remotely sensed datasets. This study introduces a method for using UASs to reliably measure the coordinates of plot centers to within 10 cm of true position.
{"title":"Improving Deciduous Forest Inventory Plot Center Measurement Using Unoccupied Aerial Systems Imagery","authors":"Joshua Carpenter, Daniel Rentauskas, Nikhil Makkar, Jinha Jung, S. Fei","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Field-based forest inventory plots are fundamental for many forest studies. These on-the-ground measurements of small samples of forested areas provide foresters with key information such as the size, abundance, health, and value of their forests. Recently, forest inventory plots have begun to be used as ground validation for tree features automatically extracted from remotely sensed data sets. Additionally, machine learning methods for feature extraction rely heavily on large quantities of training data and require these field forest inventory measurement datasets for algorithm training. Undermining the usefulness of forest inventory plot data as validation or training data is the positional uncertainty of plot location measurements. Because global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) cannot reliably measure plot center coordinates under thick tree canopy, plot center coordinates usually contain multiple meters of horizontal error. We present a method for reliably measuring plot center coordinates in which plot centers are individually marked with low-cost targets, allowing plot centers to be manually measured from orthoimagery captured during the leaf-off season. Our plot center measurements are shown to have less than 10 cm of horizontal error, an improvement of an order of magnitude over traditional GNSS methods.\u0000 Study Implications: Recently, as unoccupied aerial systems (UASs) make high-resolution data easy to collect, researchers have begun to develop methods for measuring individual tree features automatically from remotely sensed data. The output from these methods must be compared to on-the-ground measurements, most commonly to forest inventories. Although forest inventories provide accurate per tree characteristics, there is no method for measuring the global position of these inventories accurately and reliably. This prevents the ground measurements from matching up with remotely sensed datasets. This study introduces a method for using UASs to reliably measure the coordinates of plot centers to within 10 cm of true position.","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"265 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79009528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Williams, Justin S. Crotteau, D. K. Wright, Adele Underwood, P. F. Stickney
{"title":"Visualizing Long-Term Forest Recovery After Management and Wildfire at Miller Creek Demonstration Forest","authors":"N. Williams, Justin S. Crotteau, D. K. Wright, Adele Underwood, P. F. Stickney","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvad010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23386,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Forestry","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88595083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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