Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0102
O. A. Fadare, O. Ilori
This study assessed the technological feasibility of converting open cycle to combined cycle gas power plants. The study was carried out on all the operational power plants in Nigeria, using both primary and secondary data sources. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that out of the 72 open cycles and 5 combined cycle units considered, 60.0, 0, 33.3 and 6.7 % of the power plants had turbines that were installed between 1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-15 years and 16 years and above, respectively. Similarly, 66.6 and 13.3 % of the plants had General Electric and Siemens machines installed in their plants. The power plants ran efficiently with a heat rate and thermal efficiency range between 9.33 to 14.44MJ/KWh, 25 to 39 % for open cycle plants and 6.63 to 11.97MJ/KWh, 30 to 54 % for combine plants. The result also showed that by using the average generation of each plant in the last 3 years as a baseline for conversion, an additional 1142.1MW would be obtained after conversion to the combined cycle without an increase in gas consumption. The study concluded that conversion of the gas turbine from open cycle to combined plants is technologically viable and an additional generation of 1142.1MW can be obtained.
{"title":"Assessment of Technological Feasibility of Converting Open Cycle to Combined Cycle Gas Power Plants","authors":"O. A. Fadare, O. Ilori","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0102","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the technological feasibility of converting open cycle to combined cycle gas power plants. The study was carried out on all the operational power plants in Nigeria, using both primary and secondary data sources. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that out of the 72 open cycles and 5 combined cycle units considered, 60.0, 0, 33.3 and 6.7 % of the power plants had turbines that were installed between 1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-15 years and 16 years and above, respectively. Similarly, 66.6 and 13.3 % of the plants had General Electric and Siemens machines installed in their plants. The power plants ran efficiently with a heat rate and thermal efficiency range between 9.33 to 14.44MJ/KWh, 25 to 39 % for open cycle plants and 6.63 to 11.97MJ/KWh, 30 to 54 % for combine plants. The result also showed that by using the average generation of each plant in the last 3 years as a baseline for conversion, an additional 1142.1MW would be obtained after conversion to the combined cycle without an increase in gas consumption. The study concluded that conversion of the gas turbine from open cycle to combined plants is technologically viable and an additional generation of 1142.1MW can be obtained.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79858848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0171
A. A. Wahab
Petroleum exploitation has negative impacts on the environment, such as oil spills, likewise, health implications on humans. The ability of newly isolated six fungal endophytes for degrading total petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated. Their ability for hydrocarbon biodegradation was assessed in vitro for 35 days, using the minimal salt medium incorporated with products of crude oil, like petrol, kerosene, diesel, spent engine oil, unspent engine oil as the carbon source. Each fungus was introduced into test tubes containing minimal salt medium and petroleum products, the tubes were then incubated on shaker incubator at 27ºC, 151rpm for 35days. At every 7days, turbidity was measured with photoelectric colorimeter at wavelength of 530nm. In this study, the petroleum hydrocarbon degrading fungi isolated from Water Hyacinth leaves were identified using morphological techniques. The six fungi isolated were identified as; Aspergillus niger, Penicillium canescens, Penicillium atrovenetum, Trichocladium opacum, Thermomyces lanuginosus and Penicillium spp. In this experiment, it was evident that all the fungi were able to utilize hydrocarbons for their growth, at different rates. Aspergillus niger demonstrated high capacity to biodegrade diesel and spent engine oil, Penicillium canescens was excellent to utilize petrol, while Penicillium atrovenetum had the potential to degrade unspent engine oil and kerosene. The results obtained suggest that these endophytic fungal isolates are potential hydrocarbon biodegraders that could be used in bioremediation processes.
{"title":"Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation by Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes)","authors":"A. A. Wahab","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0171","url":null,"abstract":"Petroleum exploitation has negative impacts on the environment, such as oil spills, likewise, health implications on humans. The ability of newly isolated six fungal endophytes for degrading total petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated. Their ability for hydrocarbon biodegradation was assessed in vitro for 35 days, using the minimal salt medium incorporated with products of crude oil, like petrol, kerosene, diesel, spent engine oil, unspent engine oil as the carbon source. Each fungus was introduced into test tubes containing minimal salt medium and petroleum products, the tubes were then incubated on shaker incubator at 27ºC, 151rpm for 35days. At every 7days, turbidity was measured with photoelectric colorimeter at wavelength of 530nm. In this study, the petroleum hydrocarbon degrading fungi isolated from Water Hyacinth leaves were identified using morphological techniques. The six fungi isolated were identified as; Aspergillus niger, Penicillium canescens, Penicillium atrovenetum, Trichocladium opacum, Thermomyces lanuginosus and Penicillium spp. In this experiment, it was evident that all the fungi were able to utilize hydrocarbons for their growth, at different rates. Aspergillus niger demonstrated high capacity to biodegrade diesel and spent engine oil, Penicillium canescens was excellent to utilize petrol, while Penicillium atrovenetum had the potential to degrade unspent engine oil and kerosene. The results obtained suggest that these endophytic fungal isolates are potential hydrocarbon biodegraders that could be used in bioremediation processes.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90916890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0161
A.L Adepoju
This study was carried out to develop and evaluate an egg processing machine for poached eggs. The parts of the machine include the hopper, conveyor screw, the main housing, shell outlet, liquid egg outlet, motor, belt, pulley and cooking section. Materials for construction of the machine were carefully selected by balancing availability, durability, resistance to corrosion, suitability for food contact application with cost. The machine was evaluated in terms of throughput and material capacities and the values obtained were 301.14 kg/h and 548.4 kg/h respectively. Proximate compositions of the raw and poached eggs were 0.655%, 10.751%, 6.722% and 0.569%, 9.849%, 6.344% for ash, protein and fat contents respectively. It can be deduced that there was no reduction in the quality of the poached eggs as compared to the raw eggs.
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Egg Processing Machine for Poached Eggs Production","authors":"A.L Adepoju","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0161","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to develop and evaluate an egg processing machine for poached eggs. The parts of the machine include the hopper, conveyor screw, the main housing, shell outlet, liquid egg outlet, motor, belt, pulley and cooking section. Materials for construction of the machine were carefully selected by balancing availability, durability, resistance to corrosion, suitability for food contact application with cost. The machine was evaluated in terms of throughput and material capacities and the values obtained were 301.14 kg/h and 548.4 kg/h respectively. Proximate compositions of the raw and poached eggs were 0.655%, 10.751%, 6.722% and 0.569%, 9.849%, 6.344% for ash, protein and fat contents respectively. It can be deduced that there was no reduction in the quality of the poached eggs as compared to the raw eggs.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81802587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0130
D. T. Ogunbiyi
The tourism domain consists of emotionally driven experiences between the tourists and their destinations. Psychological aspects of tourists‟ preferences are increasingly becoming an important factor to consider in the development of systems that enhance better recommendations. Studies on analysis of personality traits as well as developed systems on tourism guide/recommendation exist, however, there is less effort towards the classification of tourist sites according to personality traits and its implementation. This study, therefore, attempts to develop a tourist attraction guide through matching keywords from personality types (Big Five personality dimensions) to tourist locations in order to suggest suitable locations. Data on tourist sites were obtained from online sources with a focus on Nigeria tourist sites. The classification and matching of personality type to tourist site was done using trait keywords obtained from reviews, ratings and feedback. The tourist site information was filtered based on the personality type classification in order to deliver information about the tourist site to a user. The system prototype was implemented using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP and MySQL. The resulting system is a web-based application that suggests tourist locations based on the personality preference specified by a user.
{"title":"Tourist Site Classification Using Keyword Matching Approach: Towards the Development of a Personality Based Tourist Recommendation System","authors":"D. T. Ogunbiyi","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0130","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism domain consists of emotionally driven experiences between the tourists and their destinations. Psychological aspects of tourists‟ preferences are increasingly becoming an important factor to consider in the development of systems that enhance better recommendations. Studies on analysis of personality traits as well as developed systems on tourism guide/recommendation exist, however, there is less effort towards the classification of tourist sites according to personality traits and its implementation. This study, therefore, attempts to develop a tourist attraction guide through matching keywords from personality types (Big Five personality dimensions) to tourist locations in order to suggest suitable locations. Data on tourist sites were obtained from online sources with a focus on Nigeria tourist sites. The classification and matching of personality type to tourist site was done using trait keywords obtained from reviews, ratings and feedback. The tourist site information was filtered based on the personality type classification in order to deliver information about the tourist site to a user. The system prototype was implemented using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP and MySQL. The resulting system is a web-based application that suggests tourist locations based on the personality preference specified by a user.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77035311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0162
T.F Obalola, Ganiyu Amuda-yusuf
Work related stress has negative effect on productivity and satisfaction among workers in various field. An important barrier to understanding how work-related stress affects individual academics in the built environment is scarcity of empirical studies in the area. As a result, this study aims at examining the main causes of stress and the level of risks associated with the stress among academics in the built environment. Questionnaires were administered to academics in the built environment faculties, schools and institutes offering courses such as Architecture, Building, Estate Management, Quantity surveying, Surveying and Geoinformatics and Urban and Regional Planning in the South West and North Central geopolitical zones of Nigeria. A systematic sampling technique was adopted to administer the questionnaire to respondents. The results show that work related stress among built environment academics is high (>60% on work related stress grading scale) and causes were classified into organizational factors, job demand and job role. The most important risk factors were also identified as problem with office accommodation inadequate temperature control, lack of privacy (physical factors), poor communication, lack of career progression and job insecurity (organizational and job role factors). Due to the high level of work-related stress among academics in the built environment, their performance in discharging duties in terms of research and teaching have been affected. Management of higher institutions should provide incentives and enabling environment to individual lecturer to address those factors identified in other to improve their overall performance.
{"title":"Work Related Stress and its Causes among Selected Built Environment Academics in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions","authors":"T.F Obalola, Ganiyu Amuda-yusuf","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0162","url":null,"abstract":"Work related stress has negative effect on productivity and satisfaction among workers in various field. An important barrier to understanding how work-related stress affects individual academics in the built environment is scarcity of empirical studies in the area. As a result, this study aims at examining the main causes of stress and the level of risks associated with the stress among academics in the built environment. Questionnaires were administered to academics in the built environment faculties, schools and institutes offering courses such as Architecture, Building, Estate Management, Quantity surveying, Surveying and Geoinformatics and Urban and Regional Planning in the South West and North Central geopolitical zones of Nigeria. A systematic sampling technique was adopted to administer the questionnaire to respondents. The results show that work related stress among built environment academics is high (>60% on work related stress grading scale) and causes were classified into organizational factors, job demand and job role. The most important risk factors were also identified as problem with office accommodation inadequate temperature control, lack of privacy (physical factors), poor communication, lack of career progression and job insecurity (organizational and job role factors). Due to the high level of work-related stress among academics in the built environment, their performance in discharging duties in terms of research and teaching have been affected. Management of higher institutions should provide incentives and enabling environment to individual lecturer to address those factors identified in other to improve their overall performance.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"379 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76579069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0180
O. Alabi, I.A. Akanni
A laboratory experiment with the heterogeneous layered medium has been extended to the concept of flow units in hydrocarbon reservoir systems based on the established refraction-like property of fluids at the interface of two media of different porosities. The purpose of this research is to improve the accuracy of reservoir systems models by this extension. Numerical simulation was applied on both Ascending Layer Heterogenous (ALH) and Descending Layer Heterogenous (DLH) experimental data, to obtain the properties of each layered system and deduce models. This research shows that when fluid flows from a unit of lower to higher porosity unit, referred to as ALH, a maximum volume flux is experienced at higher deflection angles from normal. This tendency increases with the increase in porosity difference. On the other hand, a flow from a flow unit of higher to that of a lower porosity, referred to as DLH will result in the maximum volume flux being experienced at the normal with decreasing magnitude as the deviation increases from normal. In addition, the flow becomes more chaotic and less predictable with an increase in porosity difference in both ALH and DLH. Furthermore, two methods of models combination to obtain a single generalized model were explored. For ALH, the Vector Space Model (VSM) and New Model (NM) could be used interchangeably because of the negligible difference in their mean absolute error. At the same time, for the DLH, only the VSM is more appropriate.
{"title":"Fluid Velocity Profile in Ascending and Descending Layer Heterogeneous Porous Media","authors":"O. Alabi, I.A. Akanni","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0180","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory experiment with the heterogeneous layered medium has been extended to the concept of flow units in hydrocarbon reservoir systems based on the established refraction-like property of fluids at the interface of two media of different porosities. The purpose of this research is to improve the accuracy of reservoir systems models by this extension. Numerical simulation was applied on both Ascending Layer Heterogenous (ALH) and Descending Layer Heterogenous (DLH) experimental data, to obtain the properties of each layered system and deduce models. This research shows that when fluid flows from a unit of lower to higher porosity unit, referred to as ALH, a maximum volume flux is experienced at higher deflection angles from normal. This tendency increases with the increase in porosity difference. On the other hand, a flow from a flow unit of higher to that of a lower porosity, referred to as DLH will result in the maximum volume flux being experienced at the normal with decreasing magnitude as the deviation increases from normal. In addition, the flow becomes more chaotic and less predictable with an increase in porosity difference in both ALH and DLH. Furthermore, two methods of models combination to obtain a single generalized model were explored. For ALH, the Vector Space Model (VSM) and New Model (NM) could be used interchangeably because of the negligible difference in their mean absolute error. At the same time, for the DLH, only the VSM is more appropriate.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78212425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0111
O. Olukayode
In the fields of robotics and mechatronics, the use of an experimental platform in the learning process to allow for practical experience and demonstration of the core concepts cannot be overemphasized. A real-life mini robotic arm is indispensable to the learning process in these fields of study. There are commercially available robotic manipulators designed for educational purposes. However, majority of commercially available robots applicable for undergraduate or graduate levels learning are very expensive or have a closed hardware and software architecture. To this end, an easy to fabricate and inexpensive three degrees of freedom electro-mechanical manipulator is hereby presented. Sufficient information and design methodology employed in its fabrication is succinctly detailed including working drawings, components materials specifications and design calculations so that any student can reproduce the manipulator in the laboratory or workshop. In terms of performance, the manipulator gripper successfully lifted differently shaped payloads of 150g each of the test weights without slipping through the gripper jaws both when stationary and when in motion. For the repeatability test, the calculated repeatability was ±0.088 mm this is within the range for common commercial robotic manipulators. The overall cost of materials and standard components was NGN 38,000 (USD 77.00). The produced manipulator is relatively cheaper compared to commercially available educational robotic manipulators.
{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a Manually Controlled Electro-Mechanical Manipulator for Educational Purpose","authors":"O. Olukayode","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0111","url":null,"abstract":"In the fields of robotics and mechatronics, the use of an experimental platform in the learning process to allow for practical experience and demonstration of the core concepts cannot be overemphasized. A real-life mini robotic arm is indispensable to the learning process in these fields of study. There are commercially available robotic manipulators designed for educational purposes. However, majority of commercially available robots applicable for undergraduate or graduate levels learning are very expensive or have a closed hardware and software architecture. To this end, an easy to fabricate and inexpensive three degrees of freedom electro-mechanical manipulator is hereby presented. Sufficient information and design methodology employed in its fabrication is succinctly detailed including working drawings, components materials specifications and design calculations so that any student can reproduce the manipulator in the laboratory or workshop. In terms of performance, the manipulator gripper successfully lifted differently shaped payloads of 150g each of the test weights without slipping through the gripper jaws both when stationary and when in motion. For the repeatability test, the calculated repeatability was ±0.088 mm this is within the range for common commercial robotic manipulators. The overall cost of materials and standard components was NGN 38,000 (USD 77.00). The produced manipulator is relatively cheaper compared to commercially available educational robotic manipulators.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88222478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0141
O. Daramola, David Mobolaji
This study assessed developers’ awareness of physical planning regulations in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, with a view to suggesting policy response in achieving effective physical planning regulations in the city and others with similar characteristics. Twenty-two residential (22) areas were found in the three identified developmental zones in the city. Due to homogeneity, one area was selected in each developmental zone and questionnaires were administered on every 20th building in each zone. A housing unit not occupied by house owners was skipped for the next building occupied by the house owner. A total of 121 house owners were selected for the survey using a systematically sampling technique. Data analysis was done using cross-tabulations and analysis of variance. Findings revealed that developers’ profiles varied significantly across developmental zones. The most predominant sources of awareness of physical planning regulations by developers were only during the process of seeking building approval (95.86%). As such it could be deduced that the level of awareness of physical planning through sources such as mass media (22.31%) and conflict resolution (10.74%) is low in the study area. Developers opined that the most effective physical planning activities were during monitoring exercises by town planning officers. As a result, developers were not involved in physical planning decisions. Also, the majority of the developers were only aware of fewer planning functions. This low level of awareness has made the development haphazard in the city. The study recommends that physical planning agencies should raise public awareness on physical planning regulations and activities beyond the approval seeking processes and also enlighten the developers and public about disaster inherent in disregard of physical planning regulations and the benefits therein in order to ensure a habitable environment which is conditioned by effective physical planning.
{"title":"Assessment of Developers’ Awareness of Physical Planning Regulations in Ile-Ife, Nigeria","authors":"O. Daramola, David Mobolaji","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0141","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed developers’ awareness of physical planning regulations in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, with a view to suggesting policy response in achieving effective physical planning regulations in the city and others with similar characteristics. Twenty-two residential (22) areas were found in the three identified developmental zones in the city. Due to homogeneity, one area was selected in each developmental zone and questionnaires were administered on every 20th building in each zone. A housing unit not occupied by house owners was skipped for the next building occupied by the house owner. A total of 121 house owners were selected for the survey using a systematically sampling technique. Data analysis was done using cross-tabulations and analysis of variance. Findings revealed that developers’ profiles varied significantly across developmental zones. The most predominant sources of awareness of physical planning regulations by developers were only during the process of seeking building approval (95.86%). As such it could be deduced that the level of awareness of physical planning through sources such as mass media (22.31%) and conflict resolution (10.74%) is low in the study area. Developers opined that the most effective physical planning activities were during monitoring exercises by town planning officers. As a result, developers were not involved in physical planning decisions. Also, the majority of the developers were only aware of fewer planning functions. This low level of awareness has made the development haphazard in the city. The study recommends that physical planning agencies should raise public awareness on physical planning regulations and activities beyond the approval seeking processes and also enlighten the developers and public about disaster inherent in disregard of physical planning regulations and the benefits therein in order to ensure a habitable environment which is conditioned by effective physical planning.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90666030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0152
M. Kolawole
In this paper, the impact of disease transmission coefficient on a SEIR epidemic model using Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method (LADM) towards disease eradication is presented. Numerical Simulations which show the effect of transmission coefficient are shown with the use of Maple 18 and the results discussed extensively. The simulation results show that disease transmission coefficient plays vital role in disease eradication.
{"title":"Conceptual Investigation of the Disease Transmission Coefficient in Seir Epidemic Model Using Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method (LADM)","authors":"M. Kolawole","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0152","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the impact of disease transmission coefficient on a SEIR epidemic model using Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method (LADM) towards disease eradication is presented. Numerical Simulations which show the effect of transmission coefficient are shown with the use of Maple 18 and the results discussed extensively. The simulation results show that disease transmission coefficient plays vital role in disease eradication.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82370414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0181
A.L. Adepoju
This research was carried out to determine some of the nutritional compositions of dried fermented African locust beans powder. Fermented locust bean is generally prone to deterioration and therefore adequate preservation methods are essential to obtain bean powder of good quality. In this study, two drying methods (sun and oven drying) were used to produce fermented dried locust bean which was later milled into powder. The oven-drying experiments were conducted for two air drying temperatures, 45oC and 55oC. The rate of moisture removal was determined by the weight loss which was measured at a 1-hour interval until a constant weight was reached. Proximate, phytochemical and vitamin C contents of the dried powder were analysed and the results showed that oven-dried (55oC) locust bean sample has the lowest moisture content of 4.70% when compared to other samples. However, oven-dried locust bean sample at 45oC had higher values of protein and Vitamin C of 37.05% and 3.03 mg/g respectively. It can be concluded from this study that oven-dried African locust beans powder samples generally retained the nutritional compositions studied better than sun dried samples.
{"title":"Influence of Sun and Oven Drying Methods on the Proximate, Phytochemical and Vitamin C Composition of Fermented African Locust Beans (Parkia biglobosa) Powder","authors":"A.L. Adepoju","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0181","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to determine some of the nutritional compositions of dried fermented African locust beans powder. Fermented locust bean is generally prone to deterioration and therefore adequate preservation methods are essential to obtain bean powder of good quality. In this study, two drying methods (sun and oven drying) were used to produce fermented dried locust bean which was later milled into powder. The oven-drying experiments were conducted for two air drying temperatures, 45oC and 55oC. The rate of moisture removal was determined by the weight loss which was measured at a 1-hour interval until a constant weight was reached. Proximate, phytochemical and vitamin C contents of the dried powder were analysed and the results showed that oven-dried (55oC) locust bean sample has the lowest moisture content of 4.70% when compared to other samples. However, oven-dried locust bean sample at 45oC had higher values of protein and Vitamin C of 37.05% and 3.03 mg/g respectively. It can be concluded from this study that oven-dried African locust beans powder samples generally retained the nutritional compositions studied better than sun dried samples.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87942443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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