Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0120
E. Ajala
The work studied the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts from Archachatina marginatas nail-shell (AMS) by calcination at 800oC and 900oC for 2 h, to produce snail shell catalyst (SSC) of SSC800 and SSC900 respectively. The catalysts were subsequently used for palm kernel biodiesel (PKB) production using palm kernel oil (PKO) in an optimisation study using a definitive screening design. The AMS, SSC800 and SSC900 were characterised by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The AAS result revealed that the catalysts contained essential elements of Ca, Mg, Na, Si and K which are suitable for transesterification reactions in proportion of 66.67%, 1.12%, 2.06%, 3.01% and 9.33% for SSC800 respectively, and 59.33%, 1.03%, 2.30%, 2.50% and 8.00% for SSC900 respectively. The images of the catalysts revealed improved surface morphologies with larger porosities compared to that of the AMS, having surface areas of 244.2 m2/g and 230.9 m2/g for SSC800 and SSC900respectively. This justified the reason for the higher catalytic activity of the SSC800 compared to the SSC900. The optimisation study gave the optimal conditions for the optimum biodiesel yield of 98.28% as 6:1 MeOH: oil molar ratio, 3 h reaction time, 55oC temperature and 2% (w/w) catalyst quantity of SSC800. The fuel properties obtained for the PKB compared well with the ASTM standard of biodiesel and as such, it is a quality biodiesel suitable for compression ignition engines. Therefore, the Archachatina marginata snail-shell is an effective, suitable, natural and renewable material for catalysts development for commercial biodiesel production.
{"title":"Archachatina marginata Snail-shell as a Feedstock for the Synthesis of Solid Catalysts for Methanolysis of Oil from Palm Kernel in an Optimisation Process","authors":"E. Ajala","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0120","url":null,"abstract":"The work studied the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts from Archachatina marginatas nail-shell (AMS) by calcination at 800oC and 900oC for 2 h, to produce snail shell catalyst (SSC) of SSC800 and SSC900 respectively. The catalysts were subsequently used for palm kernel biodiesel (PKB) production using palm kernel oil (PKO) in an optimisation study using a definitive screening design. The AMS, SSC800 and SSC900 were characterised by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The AAS result revealed that the catalysts contained essential elements of Ca, Mg, Na, Si and K which are suitable for transesterification reactions in proportion of 66.67%, 1.12%, 2.06%, 3.01% and 9.33% for SSC800 respectively, and 59.33%, 1.03%, 2.30%, 2.50% and 8.00% for SSC900 respectively. The images of the catalysts revealed improved surface morphologies with larger porosities compared to that of the AMS, having surface areas of 244.2 m2/g and 230.9 m2/g for SSC800 and SSC900respectively. This justified the reason for the higher catalytic activity of the SSC800 compared to the SSC900. The optimisation study gave the optimal conditions for the optimum biodiesel yield of 98.28% as 6:1 MeOH: oil molar ratio, 3 h reaction time, 55oC temperature and 2% (w/w) catalyst quantity of SSC800. The fuel properties obtained for the PKB compared well with the ASTM standard of biodiesel and as such, it is a quality biodiesel suitable for compression ignition engines. Therefore, the Archachatina marginata snail-shell is an effective, suitable, natural and renewable material for catalysts development for commercial biodiesel production.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81804602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0110
K. Jimoh
The American Sign Language (ASL) is the only major language used in the educational system of hearing-impaired people in Nigeria. The automatic recognition system of the signs has not been currently used for the teaching of hearing-impaired students. This study developed a realtime large vocabulary sign language for ASL implemented on android devices. Samples of static and dynamic hand gestures were collected from the primary school of handicap, Osogbo. The specific objectives include the collection of hand gestures, examining the specific features for the recognition process, designing a model for the specific features examined, implementing the model, and evaluating the performance of the system. The real-time vocabulary sign language was recognized using Convolution Neural Network (CNN) implemented using Python programming language. The developed system was evaluated using precision, recall and accuracy as metrics. The model prediction carried out using the test image has an overall accuracy of 92.98%. The obtained result showed that the system will enhance the learning skills and provide adequate learning platform for both students and the teachers of hearing-impaired schools.
{"title":"Real-Time Large Vocabulary American Sign Language Recognition System for Mobile Devices","authors":"K. Jimoh","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0110","url":null,"abstract":"The American Sign Language (ASL) is the only major language used in the educational system of hearing-impaired people in Nigeria. The automatic recognition system of the signs has not been currently used for the teaching of hearing-impaired students. This study developed a realtime large vocabulary sign language for ASL implemented on android devices. Samples of static and dynamic hand gestures were collected from the primary school of handicap, Osogbo. The specific objectives include the collection of hand gestures, examining the specific features for the recognition process, designing a model for the specific features examined, implementing the model, and evaluating the performance of the system. The real-time vocabulary sign language was recognized using Convolution Neural Network (CNN) implemented using Python programming language. The developed system was evaluated using precision, recall and accuracy as metrics. The model prediction carried out using the test image has an overall accuracy of 92.98%. The obtained result showed that the system will enhance the learning skills and provide adequate learning platform for both students and the teachers of hearing-impaired schools.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82139225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0191
O. Adebayo
The unavailability of large-scale palm vein databases due to their intrusiveness have posed challenges in exploring this technology for large-scale applications. Hence, this research modelled and generated synthetic palm vein images from only a couple of initial samples using statistical features. Variations were introduced to the three optimized statistical features (S3; mean vectors, covariance matrices and correlation coefficient, S2; mean vectors and covariance matrices, S1; mean vectors, NS; acquired images) which were used to generate synthetic palm vein images employing Self Organizing Map (SOM) as classifier and were evaluated based on Equal Error Rate (EER), Average Recognition Accuracy (ARA) and Average Recognition Time (ART). The results obtained from the experiment showed that EERs were 0.22, 0.51, 0.58 and 4.36 for S3, S2, S1 and NS respectively. S3 had superior ARA (99.83%) compared with S2 (99.77 %), S1 (99.70 %) and NS (98.33 %). The ARTs obtained were 84.97s, 75.55s, 84.04s and 681.74s for S1, S2, S3 and NS respectively with S2 (75.55s) having significantly least value. This is on the ground that the more the optimized statistical features, the better the recognition accuracy. The research outcome justifies the extraction of mean vectors, covariance matrices and correlation coefficient with GASOM.
{"title":"Design and Simulation of Synthetic Palm Vein Image Generation","authors":"O. Adebayo","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0191","url":null,"abstract":"The unavailability of large-scale palm vein databases due to their intrusiveness have posed challenges in exploring this technology for large-scale applications. Hence, this research modelled and generated synthetic palm vein images from only a couple of initial samples using statistical features. Variations were introduced to the three optimized statistical features (S3; mean vectors, covariance matrices and correlation coefficient, S2; mean vectors and covariance matrices, S1; mean vectors, NS; acquired images) which were used to generate synthetic palm vein images employing Self Organizing Map (SOM) as classifier and were evaluated based on Equal Error Rate (EER), Average Recognition Accuracy (ARA) and Average Recognition Time (ART). The results obtained from the experiment showed that EERs were 0.22, 0.51, 0.58 and 4.36 for S3, S2, S1 and NS respectively. S3 had superior ARA (99.83%) compared with S2 (99.77 %), S1 (99.70 %) and NS (98.33 %). The ARTs obtained were 84.97s, 75.55s, 84.04s and 681.74s for S1, S2, S3 and NS respectively with S2 (75.55s) having significantly least value. This is on the ground that the more the optimized statistical features, the better the recognition accuracy. The research outcome justifies the extraction of mean vectors, covariance matrices and correlation coefficient with GASOM.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87199245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0151
O. Olaniyan
The numerical modelling of sediment transport of a river has long been developed. Rivers across Nigeria has interdicted researchers on modelling sediment transport. The environmental problem makes sediment transport study an important area among morphological mechanisms. This research studied the Simulation and modelling of sediment transport in River Ogunpa using WinXspro software. Suspended Sediment concentration was measured from November 2015 to June 2016 across the upstream, midstream and downstream of River Ogunpa using standard methods. The values of manning’s roughness factor used varied from 0.012 – 0.018. Sediment discharges (QS) were computed across the river using Acker and White approach. The average Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) across River Ogunpa varied from 2 – 64mg/L. The mathematical relationship for the sediment discharge value was QS = 64625Q + 12922. The estimated Qs varied from 0.00 – 23012kg/s. The variation in measured and validated discharge ranged between 0.95 – 4.19%. Sediment discharge across River Ogunpa was simulated using Winxpro software. The sediment discharge value can be a piece of useful information for dredging operation on River Ogunpa.
{"title":"Simulation of Sediment Transport in River Ogunpa Using Winxpro Software","authors":"O. Olaniyan","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0151","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical modelling of sediment transport of a river has long been developed. Rivers across Nigeria has interdicted researchers on modelling sediment transport. The environmental problem makes sediment transport study an important area among morphological mechanisms. This research studied the Simulation and modelling of sediment transport in River Ogunpa using WinXspro software. Suspended Sediment concentration was measured from November 2015 to June 2016 across the upstream, midstream and downstream of River Ogunpa using standard methods. The values of manning’s roughness factor used varied from 0.012 – 0.018. Sediment discharges (QS) were computed across the river using Acker and White approach. The average Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) across River Ogunpa varied from 2 – 64mg/L. The mathematical relationship for the sediment discharge value was QS = 64625Q + 12922. The estimated Qs varied from 0.00 – 23012kg/s. The variation in measured and validated discharge ranged between 0.95 – 4.19%. Sediment discharge across River Ogunpa was simulated using Winxpro software. The sediment discharge value can be a piece of useful information for dredging operation on River Ogunpa.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73940928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0172
M. Ajala
The removal of heavy metals from an aqueous solution using titanium dioxide pillared clay was investigated in this study. The clay was beneficiated and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) were used to describe its characteristics, among others. The synthesis of titanium dioxide was carried out with Parkia biglobossa plant extract. The functionality of the titanium dioxide beneficiated clay (TiO2-Bclay) was studied for metal ions adsorption from the aqueous solution. The effects of adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and pH on Zn(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) ion removal percentages from the aqueous solution were investigated. Equilibrium adsorption data were fitted into isotherms and kinetic models to test their consistency. Characterization results showed that the clay contains functional groups that can bind heavy metals and absorb other hazardous substances. The pillared TiO2 was rutile phase, porous; it was also quite high in alumina and silica. Up to 99.00% Zn(II), 92.51% Pb(II), and 88.27% Cu(II) ions were extracted at 30°C using 20 g/L adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. The titanium dioxide pillared clay was found to be effective in these experiments and adjudged effective adsorbents, for heavy metals confiscation from industrial wastewater.
{"title":"Development of Titanium Dioxide Pillared Clay Adsorbent for Removal of Lead (II), Zinc (II), and Copper (II) ions from Aqueous Solution","authors":"M. Ajala","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0172","url":null,"abstract":"The removal of heavy metals from an aqueous solution using titanium dioxide pillared clay was investigated in this study. The clay was beneficiated and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) were used to describe its characteristics, among others. The synthesis of titanium dioxide was carried out with Parkia biglobossa plant extract. The functionality of the titanium dioxide beneficiated clay (TiO2-Bclay) was studied for metal ions adsorption from the aqueous solution. The effects of adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and pH on Zn(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) ion removal percentages from the aqueous solution were investigated. Equilibrium adsorption data were fitted into isotherms and kinetic models to test their consistency. Characterization results showed that the clay contains functional groups that can bind heavy metals and absorb other hazardous substances. The pillared TiO2 was rutile phase, porous; it was also quite high in alumina and silica. Up to 99.00% Zn(II), 92.51% Pb(II), and 88.27% Cu(II) ions were extracted at 30°C using 20 g/L adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. The titanium dioxide pillared clay was found to be effective in these experiments and\u0000adjudged effective adsorbents, for heavy metals confiscation from industrial wastewater.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79293106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0112
A. Adeogun
Infrastructure stands out as one of the indicators of an ideal urban economic development and its role creates attraction for all forms of investments including real estate investment. This study examined the infrastructure condition model; which serves as a measure of property investment returns in Ilorin; the Kwara State capital. The study employed an exploratory research design. The sample frame was 1,228 and a model was used given 984 as sample size, and these questionnaires were administered through stratified sampling technique and only 664 questionnaires were completed and returned, representing 67% of the total sample size. The study utilised both descriptive and inferential statistical methods of data analysis. The result of descriptive analysis of the performance of property investment revealed that a comparable average return across the study areas in Ilorin differed; ranging from 10% to 25%. The result of the infrastructure condition index developed through the scoring analysis based on descriptive modelling revealed a relative condition index of between 60% and 61% in Ilorin. The result of an inferential method using correlation to establish the relationship between infrastructure condition index and property investment return revealed that 7(seven) infrastructure maintained perfect significant correlation with property investment performance at p-value less than 0.05 level of significance. The result of regression modelling revealed that 60.4% variation in property performance is explained by seven infrastructures. Therefore, the study concluded that the performance of property investment is impressive in the areas where there is a frequent market transaction with better infrastructure conditions which is strongly influenced by constant potable water with a correct system of road networks, security, drainage system and streetlight. The study recommends that real estate investors wishing to embark on real estate investment projects should make it a point of duty to be conversant with the functionality of infrastructure in human sustainability and real estate investment growth.
{"title":"Infrastructure Condition Model as a Measure of Property Investment Performance in Ilorin; The Contemporary Approach","authors":"A. Adeogun","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0112","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure stands out as one of the indicators of an ideal urban economic development and its role creates attraction for all forms of investments including real estate investment. This study examined the infrastructure condition model; which serves as a measure of property investment returns in Ilorin; the Kwara State capital. The study employed an exploratory research design. The sample frame was 1,228 and a model was used given 984 as sample size, and these questionnaires were administered through stratified sampling technique and only 664 questionnaires were completed and returned, representing 67% of the total sample size. The study utilised both descriptive and inferential statistical methods of data analysis. The result of descriptive analysis of the performance of property investment revealed that a comparable average return across the study areas in Ilorin differed; ranging from 10% to 25%. The result of the infrastructure condition index developed through the scoring analysis based on descriptive modelling revealed a relative condition index of between 60% and 61% in Ilorin. The result of an inferential method using correlation to establish the relationship between infrastructure condition index and property investment return revealed that 7(seven) infrastructure maintained perfect significant correlation with property investment performance at p-value less than 0.05 level of significance. The result of regression modelling revealed that 60.4% variation in property performance is explained by seven infrastructures. Therefore, the study concluded that the performance of property investment is impressive in the areas where there is a frequent market transaction with better infrastructure conditions which is strongly influenced by constant potable water with a correct system of road networks, security, drainage system and streetlight. The study recommends that real estate investors wishing to embark on real estate investment projects should make it a point of duty to be conversant with the functionality of infrastructure in human sustainability and real estate investment growth.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88220473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0140
I. Ogundoyin
Encryption, which is based on the science of cryptography, is required to protect data and information in computer networks. As computing overhead rises, available encryption techniques are put to the test. It is necessary to assess the encryption algorithms’ performance in order to establish their applicability for various security scenarios and applications. The findings of available research on comparison studies and performance evaluation of encryption algorithms are inconsistent, therefore the authors could not draw any conclusions about the encryption algorithms’ performance based on different metrics. Three of the most widely debated encryption algorithms, Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (RSA), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Data Encryption Standard (DES) were implemented and simulated in the Java programming environment in this study. Some selected text data files were used to drive the simulation. Metrics such as encryption time, decryption time, memory utilization and data size were used to measure the performances of the selected algorithms. When the three selected algorithms were run on 50 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 40ms, decryption time 37ms, and memory utilization of 12MB. DES had encryption time 38ms, decryption time of 35ms and memory utilization of 08MB. RSA had encryption time 36ms, decryption time of 34ms and memory utilization of 10MB. When the three selected algorithms were run on 500 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 65ms, decryption time 61ms, and memory utilization of 25MB. DES had an encryption time of 60ms, decryption time of 58ms and memory utilization of 17MB. RSA had an encryption time of 69ms, decryption time of 65ms and memory utilization of 21MB. In conclusion, DES performed better than other algorithms in both small and large data sizes for all metrics considered.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Cryptographic Algorithms","authors":"I. Ogundoyin","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0140","url":null,"abstract":"Encryption, which is based on the science of cryptography, is required to protect data and information in computer networks. As computing overhead rises, available encryption techniques are put to the test. It is necessary to assess the encryption algorithms’ performance in order to establish their applicability for various security scenarios and applications. The findings of available research on comparison studies and performance evaluation of encryption algorithms are inconsistent, therefore the authors could not draw any conclusions about the encryption algorithms’ performance based on different metrics. Three of the most widely debated encryption algorithms, Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (RSA), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Data Encryption Standard (DES) were implemented and simulated in the Java programming environment in this study. Some selected text data files were used to drive the simulation. Metrics such as encryption time, decryption time, memory utilization and data size were used to measure the performances of the selected algorithms. When the three selected algorithms were run on 50 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 40ms, decryption time 37ms, and memory utilization of 12MB. DES had encryption time 38ms, decryption time of 35ms and memory utilization of 08MB. RSA had encryption time 36ms, decryption time of 34ms and memory utilization of 10MB. When the three selected algorithms were run on 500 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 65ms, decryption time 61ms, and memory utilization of 25MB. DES had an encryption time of 60ms, decryption time of 58ms and memory utilization of 17MB. RSA had an encryption time of 69ms, decryption time of 65ms and memory utilization of 21MB. In conclusion, DES performed better than other algorithms in both small and large data sizes for all metrics considered.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77677058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0142
O. Olayode
The study adopts Geographic Information System (GIS) application to analyse the accessibility and spatial configuration of public education at the Secondary Schools (SSs) level in the Osun West Senatorial District (OWSD), Nigeria, in order to provide information and materials to strengthen and promote secondary school education planning. The study also analyses the location of public secondary schools as well as the usage of the allocated space. The data for this study were obtained on the field by using the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine and analyse the coverage area of OWSD’s 116 Public Secondary Schools (PSSs) based on population density. Settlements with public secondary schools (PSSs) were stratified into three different categories: suburb, with less than 10,000 people; semi-urban with 10,000–19,999 people; and urban with 20,000 people and above. Descriptive statistics and GIS were employed to analyse the acquired data. The research findings established that PSSs within 1km radius (Rs) buffer of the study area were clustered, with 81.8% in the urban were clustered while in the semi-urban and suburb settlement categories 20% and 70.0% respectively were dispersed. According to the findings, at a buffer of 2km Rs, 64.8% of the PSSs in urban settlements were clustered, while (21.4%) and the majority (71.4%) were dispersed in semi-urban and suburb settlements, respectively. In addition, results established that at the buffer of 3km, PSSs were clustered at 63.3% in the urban, 23.1% were dispersed in the semi-urban, and 69.2% in the suburb settlements. Moreover, at 4km buffer PSSs, it is apparent from the findings that the majority of the schools at 55.9% in the urban settlements were clustered, while most of the PSSs at 35.7% in the semi-urban settlements and 56.1% in the suburb settlements were dispersed. Conclusively, this research established a high rate of uneven accessibility to PSSs in OWSD. As a result, it is recommended that foreign and private investors, stakeholders, and government need to pool their resources in order to ensure adequate PSSs education availability to all settlement categories.
本研究采用地理资讯系统(GIS)应用程式，分析奈及利亚Osun West Senatorial District (OWSD)中学公共教育的可达性和空间配置，以期为加强和促进中学教育规划提供资讯和资料。研究亦分析了公立中学的地理位置，以及分配空间的用途。本研究的数据是利用全球定位系统(GPS)，根据人口密度，确定和分析本署116所公立中学的覆盖范围。有公立中学(pss)的定居点被分为三种不同的类别:郊区，人口少于1万人;人口10000 - 19999人的半城市;城市人口在2万以上。采用描述性统计和GIS技术对采集的数据进行分析。研究结果表明，研究区1km半径缓冲区内的居民点呈聚集性分布，其中81.8%为城市居民点，20%为半城市居民点，70.0%为郊区居民点。结果表明，在2km Rs的缓冲区内，64.8%的居民点集中在城市居民点，21.4%的居民点分散在半城市居民点，71.4%的居民点分散在郊区居民点。结果表明，在3km缓冲带内，城市居民点集中占63.3%，半城市居民点集中占23.1%，郊区居民点集中占69.2%。此外，在4km缓冲区域内，城市居民点的大部分学校(55.9%)是聚集性的，而半城市居民点的大部分学校(35.7%)和郊区居民点的大部分学校(56.1%)是分散的。总之，本研究确定了OWSD中pss可及性的不均衡率很高。因此，建议外国和私人投资者、利益相关者和政府需要集中资源，以确保所有定居点类别都能获得足够的pss教育。
{"title":"Accessibility and Geospatial Assessment of Public Secondary School Education in Osun West Senatorial District, Nigeria","authors":"O. Olayode","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0142","url":null,"abstract":"The study adopts Geographic Information System (GIS) application to analyse the accessibility and spatial configuration of public education at the Secondary Schools (SSs) level in the Osun West Senatorial District (OWSD), Nigeria, in order to provide information and materials to strengthen and promote secondary school education planning. The study also analyses the location of public secondary schools as well as the usage of the allocated space. The data for this study were obtained on the field by using the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine and analyse the coverage area of OWSD’s 116 Public Secondary Schools (PSSs) based on population density. Settlements with public secondary schools (PSSs) were stratified into three different categories: suburb, with less than 10,000 people; semi-urban with 10,000–19,999 people; and urban with 20,000 people and above. Descriptive statistics and GIS were employed to analyse the acquired data. The research findings established that PSSs within 1km radius (Rs) buffer of the study area were clustered, with 81.8% in the urban were clustered while in the semi-urban and suburb settlement categories 20% and 70.0% respectively were dispersed. According to the findings, at a buffer of 2km Rs, 64.8% of the PSSs in urban settlements were clustered, while (21.4%) and the majority (71.4%) were dispersed in semi-urban and suburb settlements, respectively. In addition, results established that at the buffer of 3km, PSSs were clustered at 63.3% in the urban, 23.1% were dispersed in the semi-urban, and 69.2% in the suburb settlements. Moreover, at 4km buffer PSSs, it is apparent from the findings that the majority of the schools at 55.9% in the urban settlements were clustered, while most of the PSSs at 35.7% in the semi-urban settlements and 56.1% in the suburb settlements were dispersed. Conclusively, this research established a high rate of uneven accessibility to PSSs in OWSD. As a result, it is recommended that foreign and private investors, stakeholders, and government need to pool their resources in order to ensure adequate PSSs education availability to all settlement categories.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82849873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0131
A. B. Ogundare
Reliable transmission expansion planning becomes highly important for effective and smooth operation of power systems. Various approaches for power system transmission expansion have been developed in the literature. The approach presented in this paper is based on the computation of network power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) using Neplan application software. The mathematical formulation of the approach based on Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) is presented. The main advantage offers by this method is that it is simple and requires no complex mathematical computation for its analysis. The Nigerian 30-bus power system network is used as a case study in this work. Based on the analysis, 12 new transmission lines are proposed for the expansion of the existing network. The results obtained show that the method is effective for transmission expansion during load growth. 30% load growth was implemented with the expanded network and the results showed no violation in bus voltages and no transmission line was overstressed.
{"title":"Power Transfer Distribution Factor for Transmission Expansion Planning with Consideration on Load Growth","authors":"A. B. Ogundare","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0131","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable transmission expansion planning becomes highly important for effective and smooth operation of power systems. Various approaches for power system transmission expansion have been developed in the literature. The approach presented in this paper is based on the computation of network power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) using Neplan application software. The mathematical formulation of the approach based on Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) is presented. The main advantage offers by this method is that it is simple and requires no complex mathematical computation for its analysis. The Nigerian 30-bus power system network is used as a case study in this work. Based on the analysis, 12 new transmission lines are proposed for the expansion of the existing network. The results obtained show that the method is effective for transmission expansion during load growth. 30% load growth was implemented with the expanded network and the results showed no violation in bus voltages and no transmission line was overstressed.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87861774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0121
B. F. Adegoke
The success or failure of an organisation cannot be severed from its leadership, as such the imperative of leadership in every organization cannot be overemphasized. Men by default are seen as leaders in every organisations, construction industry inclusive. Research abound on the leadership potentials of men, whereas little to nothing is known about leadership potentials of women. Women have ability to influence, and their in-built traits have no little measure in building their capacities to be a leader. Their positions as elder sisters, wives and mothers are potentials for leadership and their abilities to influence play significant roles in leadership. More findings indicate that the predominant leadership potentials exhibited by women are emphatic potentials, ethical potentials and multi-tasking potentials. The study concluded that the leadership potentials of women are essential ingredient that propel them to move from physiological needs to self transcendence need which is the highest need of humans as postulated in the Maslow’s theory.
{"title":"Leadership Potentials of Women in The Nigerian Construction Industry –A Literature Visit","authors":"B. F. Adegoke","doi":"10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/ujees/2202.40.0121","url":null,"abstract":"The success or failure of an organisation cannot be severed from its leadership, as such the imperative of leadership in every organization cannot be overemphasized. Men by default are seen as leaders in every organisations, construction industry inclusive. Research abound on the leadership potentials of men, whereas little to nothing is known about leadership potentials of women. Women have ability to influence, and their in-built traits have no little measure in building their capacities to be a leader. Their positions as elder sisters, wives and mothers are potentials for leadership and their abilities to influence play significant roles in leadership. More findings indicate that the predominant leadership potentials exhibited by women are emphatic potentials, ethical potentials and multi-tasking potentials. The study concluded that the leadership potentials of women are essential ingredient that propel them to move from physiological needs to self transcendence need which is the highest need of humans as postulated in the Maslow’s theory.","PeriodicalId":23413,"journal":{"name":"UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85093158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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