Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1089
Entedhar Thejeel, Athraa Hameed Mekky
The present study includes synthesized of some pyridin-2(1H)- one of 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethan-1-one. The [ 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - 4 - (4-methoxyphenyl) - 2 - oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) - 6 -(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) – 6 - (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1, 2 - dihydropyridine - 3-carbonitrile] derivatives have been synthesized by cyclization reaction of the 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one with various aldehydes (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, 4-bromo benzaldehyde ,4-dimethyamino benzaldehyde) respectively and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of ammonium acetate. The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by the different available spectroscopic methods, such as FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The physical properties were assessed. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by the use of 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The compounds 4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile,and4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed the highest activity as antioxidants (79.05, 67.28)%, which can be compared with ascorbic acid 82.71%, while the antioxidant activity of compound 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed less effectiveness for the antioxidant 17.55% at a concentration of 12 ppm. Also, the prepared compounds were assessed for in vitro biological activity against the two types of bacteria [staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli] respectively which displayed moderate inhibition. In an attempt to understand the ligand–protein interactions in terms of the binding affinity, docking studies were performed using Py-Rx and BIOVIADiscovery Studio 2021 for the compounds. the binding affinities calculated were in agreement with the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] values.
{"title":"Synthesis, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicology (ADMET) and molecular docking studies of some pyridin-2(1H)-one derived from a Apocynin in Thi-Qar Governorate","authors":"Entedhar Thejeel, Athraa Hameed Mekky","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1089","url":null,"abstract":"The present study includes synthesized of some pyridin-2(1H)- one of 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethan-1-one. The [ 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - 4 - (4-methoxyphenyl) - 2 - oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) - 6 -(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) – 6 - (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1, 2 - dihydropyridine - 3-carbonitrile] derivatives have been synthesized by cyclization reaction of the 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one with various aldehydes (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, 4-bromo benzaldehyde ,4-dimethyamino benzaldehyde) respectively and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of ammonium acetate. The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by the different available spectroscopic methods, such as FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The physical properties were assessed. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by the use of 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The compounds 4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile,and4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed the highest activity as antioxidants (79.05, 67.28)%, which can be compared with ascorbic acid 82.71%, while the antioxidant activity of compound 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed less effectiveness for the antioxidant 17.55% at a concentration of 12 ppm. Also, the prepared compounds were assessed for in vitro biological activity against the two types of bacteria [staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli] respectively which displayed moderate inhibition. In an attempt to understand the ligand–protein interactions in terms of the binding affinity, docking studies were performed using Py-Rx and BIOVIADiscovery Studio 2021 for the compounds. the binding affinities calculated were in agreement with the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] values.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1063
Nada Hussain Alwan, H. Faraj
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread condition that poses a major threat to human health. With substantial public health costs, severe morbidity, and mortality, CKD prevalence is increasing. The study aimed to look at NLRP3 inflammasome , hsCRP , Urea , Creatinine, Uric acid and GFR levels. Serum NLRP3 inflammasome , hsCRP , Urea , Creatinine, Uric acid and GFR levels were determined in 90 patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) , and 85 healthy subjects, an age range (30-75). The results of current study show a significant increase in the concentration of serum NLRP3 inflammasome, hs-CRP, urea , creatinine and uric acid in (CKD) patients group in comparison with controls group (p<0.05). While shows a significant decrease in GRF in (CKD) patients group in comparison with controls group (p<0.05). The aim of this study is estimated the NLRP3 inflammasome , Inflammation marker , kidney function tests and Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
{"title":"Estimation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Role and some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD)","authors":"Nada Hussain Alwan, H. Faraj","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1063","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread condition that poses a major threat to human health. With substantial public health costs, severe morbidity, and mortality, CKD prevalence is increasing. The study aimed to look at NLRP3 inflammasome , hsCRP , Urea , Creatinine, Uric acid and GFR levels. Serum NLRP3 inflammasome , hsCRP , Urea , Creatinine, Uric acid and GFR levels were determined in 90 patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) , and 85 healthy subjects, an age range (30-75). The results of current study show a significant increase in the concentration of serum NLRP3 inflammasome, hs-CRP, urea , creatinine and uric acid in (CKD) patients group in comparison with controls group (p<0.05). While shows a significant decrease in GRF in (CKD) patients group in comparison with controls group (p<0.05). The aim of this study is estimated the NLRP3 inflammasome , Inflammation marker , kidney function tests and Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1085
st Karrar, Abbas Hanihen, Ali Fareed, rd Zainab, Hussain Taher
The nosocomial infection Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can infect both healthcare workers and patients and have an impact on the standard of treatment offered in hospitals. The study aims to Identify the relations between the attitudes, and commitment of healthcare workers to prevent methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and sociodemographic characteristics. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for 362 healthcare workers randomly chosen from four hospitals and distributed as follows: 125 from Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Haboubi Teaching Hospital and 77 from Souk Al-Shuyoukh General Hospital Between October 1, 2022, to May 1, 2023, and data was collected using a self-report paper-based questionnaire. Our findings indicated that 75.1% of the participants have neutral attitudes concerning MRSA infection. The relationships between attitudes and age, education, marital status, job title, and years of service were statistically significant (P <0.05). Healthcare workers' commitment were generally moderated. The participant's commitment to MRSA infection prevention was significantly correlated (P <0.05) with their age, education level, job title, and shift time. So we can conclude that Healthcare workers' attitudes toward the prevention of MRSA infection were neutral while Healthcare workers' commitment to preventing MRSA infection was poor. The study recommended Providing appropriate health facilities and personal protective equipment, Searching for the reasons behind non-compliance of HCWs, and Continual surveillance by medical institution authorities to protect healthcare workers against MRSA infection.
{"title":"Attitudes and Commitment of Healthcare Workers toward Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infections in Hospitals of Thi-Qar Governorate","authors":"st Karrar, Abbas Hanihen, Ali Fareed, rd Zainab, Hussain Taher","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1085","url":null,"abstract":"The nosocomial infection Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can infect both healthcare workers and patients and have an impact on the standard of treatment offered in hospitals. The study aims to Identify the relations between the attitudes, and commitment of healthcare workers to prevent methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and sociodemographic characteristics. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for 362 healthcare workers randomly chosen from four hospitals and distributed as follows: 125 from Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Haboubi Teaching Hospital and 77 from Souk Al-Shuyoukh General Hospital Between October 1, 2022, to May 1, 2023, and data was collected using a self-report paper-based questionnaire. Our findings indicated that 75.1% of the participants have neutral attitudes concerning MRSA infection. The relationships between attitudes and age, education, marital status, job title, and years of service were statistically significant (P <0.05). Healthcare workers' commitment were generally moderated. The participant's commitment to MRSA infection prevention was significantly correlated (P <0.05) with their age, education level, job title, and shift time. So we can conclude that Healthcare workers' attitudes toward the prevention of MRSA infection were neutral while Healthcare workers' commitment to preventing MRSA infection was poor. The study recommended Providing appropriate health facilities and personal protective equipment, Searching for the reasons behind non-compliance of HCWs, and Continual surveillance by medical institution authorities to protect healthcare workers against MRSA infection.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1069
Anwar Shalan, Samah Hussein Kadhim
On the basis of alkyl alcohol and eipchlorohydrine three novel multi-alkyl quaternary-ammonium salt cationic surfactants have been created. 1H-NMR and FTIR spectrometry researches are used on this investigation. Artificial products structures are confirmed by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectrometries. There is an increase in alkyl group in the order C4 < C6 < C8. This growth is used to pick out the decline in critical micelle concentration (CMC), which discovered that the higher the floor features, the bigger the alkyl group. MTT cytotoxicity assay is used to assess the organic efficacy of Gemini surfactants as well as estimating their toxicity. Compound A3 was discovered to has a high impact on MCF-breast most cancers cell line. It reached the best rate of inhibition of 27.28% - 5.4% with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1, in comparison with compounds A1 and A2. The rate of inhibition for A1 is 36.3% - 5.3% with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1. The rate of inhibition for A2 is 48.9% - 5.6 % with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and some applications of new cationic Gemini surfactants.","authors":"Anwar Shalan, Samah Hussein Kadhim","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1069","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of alkyl alcohol and eipchlorohydrine three novel multi-alkyl quaternary-ammonium salt cationic surfactants have been created. 1H-NMR and FTIR spectrometry researches are used on this investigation. Artificial products structures are confirmed by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectrometries. There is an increase in alkyl group in the order C4 < C6 < C8. This growth is used to pick out the decline in critical micelle concentration (CMC), which discovered that the higher the floor features, the bigger the alkyl group. MTT cytotoxicity assay is used to assess the organic efficacy of Gemini surfactants as well as estimating their toxicity. Compound A3 was discovered to has a high impact on MCF-breast most cancers cell line. It reached the best rate of inhibition of 27.28% - 5.4% with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1, in comparison with compounds A1 and A2. The rate of inhibition for A1 is 36.3% - 5.3% with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1. The rate of inhibition for A2 is 48.9% - 5.6 % with concentration 25 – 400 µg ml-1.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1087
Mohanad S. Al-Fayyadh, Kefah H. Ismael, Ali J.R.Al-Saady
The most prevalent type of diabetes disease is type 2. It resulted through cells' failure for recognizing and responding to insulin, which can increase the risk of this disease if improperly managed. This work seeks to assess few biochemical variables connected to glycemic index in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, certain biochemical markers were taken from 37 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In the current study, lipid profile, kidney function, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), uric acid, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cortisol hormone were measured. The blood serum of the 37 patients were taken from diabetic center in Yarmouk hospital and 27 control sample were taken from healthy people in the University of Baghdad. The ages for healthy and unhealthy patients were (19 to 47 ) years old. The results showed that, diabetic participants had higher HbA1c, FBS, HOMA-IR, cortisol, urea, uric acid, lipid profile, and creatinine levels comparing to the control samples at P≤0.05. We concluded from this study, abnormally elevated levels of serum cortisol, FBS, HbA1c, and insulin. Increasing HOMA-IR indicated that IR is a risk factor for T2DM development. This work revealed a relationship between T2DM and kidney function parameters. It was found that patients with T2D having higher levels of creatinine and urea.
{"title":"Study of insulin resistance, cortisol hormone and some biochemical parameters in Iraqi type 2 diabetic patients","authors":"Mohanad S. Al-Fayyadh, Kefah H. Ismael, Ali J.R.Al-Saady","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1087","url":null,"abstract":"The most prevalent type of diabetes disease is type 2. It resulted through cells' failure for recognizing and responding to insulin, which can increase the risk of this disease if improperly managed. This work seeks to assess few biochemical variables connected to glycemic index in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, certain biochemical markers were taken from 37 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In the current study, lipid profile, kidney function, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), uric acid, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cortisol hormone were measured. The blood serum of the 37 patients were taken from diabetic center in Yarmouk hospital and 27 control sample were taken from healthy people in the University of Baghdad. The ages for healthy and unhealthy patients were (19 to 47 ) years old. The results showed that, diabetic participants had higher HbA1c, FBS, HOMA-IR, cortisol, urea, uric acid, lipid profile, and creatinine levels comparing to the control samples at P≤0.05. We concluded from this study, abnormally elevated levels of serum cortisol, FBS, HbA1c, and insulin. Increasing HOMA-IR indicated that IR is a risk factor for T2DM development. This work revealed a relationship between T2DM and kidney function parameters. It was found that patients with T2D having higher levels of creatinine and urea.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1066
Raid M. H. Al-Salih, Shaimaa J.Dohie
The most frequent early pregnancy problem threatened abortion, affects 20% of pregnancies. Vaginal bleeding may be present, together with or without abdominal cramps. Women who are getting older, smoking, being overweight or obese, having PCOS, and having had an abortion in the past are danger signs for a potential abortion. The Physiology of the disease has been linked to alterations in cytokine concentrations or weakened maternal immunity. By taking the clinical history into account, determine the therapy options and provide crucial information for the prognosis, the physical examination, the biochemistry of the mother's serum, and the results of the ultrasound. The most popular advice is to stay in bed, but its usefulness is not well supported. Progesterone, vitamin D, and folic acid are further alternatives.
流产是最常见的早孕问题，占妊娠的 20%。可能会出现阴道出血，同时伴有或不伴有腹部绞痛。年龄增大、吸烟、超重或肥胖、患有多囊卵巢综合症以及过去曾有过流产经历的女性都是潜在流产的危险信号。该病的生理学与细胞因子浓度的改变或母体免疫力下降有关。根据临床病史、体格检查、母体血清生化检查和超声波检查结果，确定治疗方案并为预后提供重要信息。最流行的建议是卧床休息，但其实用性并没有得到很好的支持。孕酮、维生素 D 和叶酸是进一步的替代品。
{"title":"Role of Folic Acid, Vitamin D, and Progesterone in Pregnancy and Threatened Abortion","authors":"Raid M. H. Al-Salih, Shaimaa J.Dohie","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1066","url":null,"abstract":"The most frequent early pregnancy problem threatened abortion, affects 20% of pregnancies. Vaginal bleeding may be present, together with or without abdominal cramps. Women who are getting older, smoking, being overweight or obese, having PCOS, and having had an abortion in the past are danger signs for a potential abortion. The Physiology of the disease has been linked to alterations in cytokine concentrations or weakened maternal immunity. By taking the clinical history into account, determine the therapy options and provide crucial information for the prognosis, the physical examination, the biochemistry of the mother's serum, and the results of the ultrasound. The most popular advice is to stay in bed, but its usefulness is not well supported. Progesterone, vitamin D, and folic acid are further alternatives.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1082
Dmoua Kamil, H. M. Kredy
Biofuels have attracted a lot of attention due to the growing demand for energy resources and concerns about greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike other green energy resources, biofuels like bioethanol, can provide liquid fuels that is essential for transportation. Second-generation bioethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass through acid hydrolysis and fermentation. Lignocellulosic biomass is widely available and does not affect on the nutritional needs of agricultural crops. In this study, the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum was used. Ceratophyllum demersum is a type of invasive aquatic plant that can live in fresh and brackish waters, and it is abundant in most regions of southern Iraq. The bioethanol with the highest concentration was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that 14% of bioethanol was produced in the absence of acid hydrolysis, while the concentration of it increased to 25% with the presence of acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis aims to increase the breaking bonds of lignin and hemicellulose, increase the porosity of the material, and damage the crystalline structure of cellulose, and thus facilitates its conversion to glucose and increases the percentage of ethanol production.
{"title":"The production bioethanol from Ceratophyllum demersum L . in Iraq","authors":"Dmoua Kamil, H. M. Kredy","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1082","url":null,"abstract":"Biofuels have attracted a lot of attention due to the growing demand for energy resources and concerns about greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike other green energy resources, biofuels like bioethanol, can provide liquid fuels that is essential for transportation. Second-generation bioethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass through acid hydrolysis and fermentation. Lignocellulosic biomass is widely available and does not affect on the nutritional needs of agricultural crops. In this study, the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum was used. Ceratophyllum demersum is a type of invasive aquatic plant that can live in fresh and brackish waters, and it is abundant in most regions of southern Iraq. The bioethanol with the highest concentration was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that 14% of bioethanol was produced in the absence of acid hydrolysis, while the concentration of it increased to 25% with the presence of acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis aims to increase the breaking bonds of lignin and hemicellulose, increase the porosity of the material, and damage the crystalline structure of cellulose, and thus facilitates its conversion to glucose and increases the percentage of ethanol production.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1062
Zahraa Alsafi, Bassad A. Al-Aboody
Cryptosporidium parvum is a widespread opportunistic parasite belonging to the family Apicomplexa that completes its life cycle in a single host and is found frequently in immunocompromised persons, especially in patients with cancer. This research's objectives were to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection among cancer patients in the Thi-Qar Province of Iraq, using modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) stain. This study included 300 stool samples, 200 of which were for patients with cancer and 100 were for healthy people (the control group). Based on the modified acid-fast stain, the results showed the rate of infection with Cryptosporidium parvum among cancer patients was 54.0% (108/200) compared to 30.0% (30/100) in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences between them .And the percentage of infection among cancer patients in males was higher than in females, but there were no significant differences between them, as the percentage was 57.14% and 52.03%, respectively. As for the age groups Cryptosporidium parvum it affects all age groups in different proportions. The study showed that the highest infection rate among the age groups reached ?60 years at a rate of 64.44%, and the lowest infection rate among the age group ?20 years at a rate of 35.71%. As for the number doses of chemotherapy the results showed that the infection rate was higher in patients who received half and more than half of the doses of chemotherapy, where the percentage of those who received 16-20 doses (64.0%)
{"title":"Detection of Cryptosporidium parvum by modified acid-fast stain among cancer patients in Thi-Qar province","authors":"Zahraa Alsafi, Bassad A. Al-Aboody","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1062","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidium parvum is a widespread opportunistic parasite belonging to the family Apicomplexa that completes its life cycle in a single host and is found frequently in immunocompromised persons, especially in patients with cancer. This research's objectives were to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection among cancer patients in the Thi-Qar Province of Iraq, using modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) stain. This study included 300 stool samples, 200 of which were for patients with cancer and 100 were for healthy people (the control group). Based on the modified acid-fast stain, the results showed the rate of infection with Cryptosporidium parvum among cancer patients was 54.0% (108/200) compared to 30.0% (30/100) in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences between them .And the percentage of infection among cancer patients in males was higher than in females, but there were no significant differences between them, as the percentage was 57.14% and 52.03%, respectively. As for the age groups Cryptosporidium parvum it affects all age groups in different proportions. The study showed that the highest infection rate among the age groups reached ?60 years at a rate of 64.44%, and the lowest infection rate among the age group ?20 years at a rate of 35.71%. As for the number doses of chemotherapy the results showed that the infection rate was higher in patients who received half and more than half of the doses of chemotherapy, where the percentage of those who received 16-20 doses (64.0%)","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1064
Amal Ahmed, Saher Abdulridha Ali
This study aims to assess the levels of contamination of agricultural soils with heavy elements (cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, cadmium, and lead) in three regions in Thi-Qar Governorate, Southern Iraq. These three regions are Al-Gharraf, Al-Islah, and Al-Batha. The study was done by using the pollution indicators, which are geographical pollution index (Igeo), contamination degree (Cd), contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk factor (Er), and finally, risk index (RI). From each region, four soil samples were collected from holes 25 cm deep, separated by a distance of 500 meters. After the digestion process of the samples, the concentrations of the studied elements were measured by flam atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The results showed that the average heavy metal concentrations for all samples were (365.810, 96.424, 41.36, 11.919, 5.194 and 0.352 mg/kg). They were in the following order Fe > Ni > Cu >Co > Pb > Cd, respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals in the study areas were all within the limits allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO) except for 8.3% of the studied areas that were beyond the permissible limits for cadmium only. The reason for the increase in cadmium concentrations in some areas could be due to sewage, industrial emissions and agricultural practices. According to the Igeo values, the levels of minerals studied for the three regions followed the following order Cd > Cu > Co > Pb > N i> Fe.
{"title":"Assessment of heavy metals contamination of agricultural soils using pollution indicators in Thi-Qar governorate, Southern Iraq","authors":"Amal Ahmed, Saher Abdulridha Ali","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1064","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the levels of contamination of agricultural soils with heavy elements (cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, cadmium, and lead) in three regions in Thi-Qar Governorate, Southern Iraq. These three regions are Al-Gharraf, Al-Islah, and Al-Batha. The study was done by using the pollution indicators, which are geographical pollution index (Igeo), contamination degree (Cd), contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk factor (Er), and finally, risk index (RI). From each region, four soil samples were collected from holes 25 cm deep, separated by a distance of 500 meters. After the digestion process of the samples, the concentrations of the studied elements were measured by flam atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The results showed that the average heavy metal concentrations for all samples were (365.810, 96.424, 41.36, 11.919, 5.194 and 0.352 mg/kg). They were in the following order Fe > Ni > Cu >Co > Pb > Cd, respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals in the study areas were all within the limits allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO) except for 8.3% of the studied areas that were beyond the permissible limits for cadmium only. The reason for the increase in cadmium concentrations in some areas could be due to sewage, industrial emissions and agricultural practices. According to the Igeo values, the levels of minerals studied for the three regions followed the following order Cd > Cu > Co > Pb > N i> Fe.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1073
Muntadher Alhasan, Manal Badi Salih
Helicobacter pylori infection causes generally gastric illnesses, however from the beginning of 1994, a few researchers have detailed a relationship of H. pylori with other systemic manifestations are outside stomach include various extra gastric appearances, for e.g., neurological, dermatological, hematologic, visual, cardiovascular, metabolic, hypersensitive, and hepatobiliary diseases. In this study, blood parameters, lipid profile, and fasting glucose were measured for patients with coronary artery disease with H. pylori, and the relationship of H. pylori with lipids, which is considered a risk factor for coronary artery disease, was measured. 150 people participated in the current study, and they were divided into three groups: The first group had arterial disease. coronary artery disease with H. pylori 50 people, the second group had coronary artery disease without H. pylori 50 people, the third group the control group 50 people. The samples were obtained from the heart center in Nasiriyah. Risk factors were taken into account: which included age, gender, smoking status, high blood pressure, and diabetes. In the first group, the number of males was 28 (56%) and females 22 (44%) with an average age of 72.60 ± 18.97, the second group had a number of males 33 (66%) and females 17 (34%) with an average age of 71.70 ± 21.06, the third group the number of males was 28 (56%) and females 22 (44%) with an average age of 55.44 ± 18.53.
{"title":"Estimation of hematological parameters and lipid profile of coronary artery disease patients with Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Muntadher Alhasan, Manal Badi Salih","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1073","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori infection causes generally gastric illnesses, however from the beginning of 1994, a few researchers have detailed a relationship of H. pylori with other systemic manifestations are outside stomach include various extra gastric appearances, for e.g., neurological, dermatological, hematologic, visual, cardiovascular, metabolic, hypersensitive, and hepatobiliary diseases. In this study, blood parameters, lipid profile, and fasting glucose were measured for patients with coronary artery disease with H. pylori, and the relationship of H. pylori with lipids, which is considered a risk factor for coronary artery disease, was measured. 150 people participated in the current study, and they were divided into three groups: The first group had arterial disease. coronary artery disease with H. pylori 50 people, the second group had coronary artery disease without H. pylori 50 people, the third group the control group 50 people. The samples were obtained from the heart center in Nasiriyah. Risk factors were taken into account: which included age, gender, smoking status, high blood pressure, and diabetes. In the first group, the number of males was 28 (56%) and females 22 (44%) with an average age of 72.60 ± 18.97, the second group had a number of males 33 (66%) and females 17 (34%) with an average age of 71.70 ± 21.06, the third group the number of males was 28 (56%) and females 22 (44%) with an average age of 55.44 ± 18.53.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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