The initial transmission effect on the activity of Cr+4: YAG saturable absorber with Er +3 doped fiber laser was investigated. Software computer program was built in this study for solving the rate equations model by Rung - Kutta –Fehlberg numerical method. The study reported that the absorption activity of ground state of saturable absorber decreases with the decreasing of the initial transmission, while the activity absorption of excited state begins to increase. Moreover, the total absorption activity of saturable absorber also decreases with the decreasing of the initial transmission.
{"title":"Initial Transmission Influence on Saturable Absorber Absorption Activity of Passive Q-Switching Erbium -Doped Fiber Laser System","authors":"Zainab Ali, Zainab Abdulsada, NAGAMALLI. Arasavalli, Sally Kadhim, Haneen Akram","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1139","url":null,"abstract":"The initial transmission effect on the activity of Cr+4: YAG saturable absorber with Er +3 doped fiber laser was investigated. Software computer program was built in this study for solving the rate equations model by Rung - Kutta –Fehlberg numerical method. The study reported that the absorption activity of ground state of saturable absorber decreases with the decreasing of the initial transmission, while the activity absorption of excited state begins to increase. Moreover, the total absorption activity of saturable absorber also decreases with the decreasing of the initial transmission.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1125
Safaa Ehssan, Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Isam Noori Salman, Lujain A. Ghannawi
This study was designed to investigate the connections between (Inflammation, Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs),-diabetes mellitus,-Obesity,-polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid and cancer )-and asprosin hormone. Asprosin is present in high amounts in a variety of diseases that are considerably manifested in several cases and illnesses Asprosin hormone is newly adipokine helps the liver produce glucose. White adipose tissue secretes the novel hormone asprosin, which stimulates the release of hepatic glucose, making protein a possible target for new treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exons (65 and 66) of the gene( Fibrillin 1 (FBN1)), which was recently shown to be a new hormone released by white adipose tissues, are the final two exons that code for asprosin. However, further research is needed to fully understand how asprosin affects pancreatic beta-cells, leading to pathologically elevated cellular dysfunction and inflammation. Asprosin hormone is raised in human with metabolic disease. The findings imply that asprosin hormone may be crucial for maintaining insulin and glucose homeostasis as well as acting as a risk factor for a number of diseases, including CVDs, obesity, T2DM, cancer, hypothyroidism, and PCOS. Depleting asprosin or attenuating its activity may potentially offer a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM and obesity.
{"title":"Review of Asprosin as new Biomarker for diagnosis different Diseases","authors":"Safaa Ehssan, Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Isam Noori Salman, Lujain A. Ghannawi","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1125","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to investigate the connections between (Inflammation, Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs),-diabetes mellitus,-Obesity,-polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid and cancer )-and asprosin hormone. Asprosin is present in high amounts in a variety of diseases that are considerably manifested in several cases and illnesses Asprosin hormone is newly adipokine helps the liver produce glucose. White adipose tissue secretes the novel hormone asprosin, which stimulates the release of hepatic glucose, making protein a possible target for new treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exons (65 and 66) of the gene( Fibrillin 1 (FBN1)), which was recently shown to be a new hormone released by white adipose tissues, are the final two exons that code for asprosin. However, further research is needed to fully understand how asprosin affects pancreatic beta-cells, leading to pathologically elevated cellular dysfunction and inflammation. Asprosin hormone is raised in human with metabolic disease. The findings imply that asprosin hormone may be crucial for maintaining insulin and glucose homeostasis as well as acting as a risk factor for a number of diseases, including CVDs, obesity, T2DM, cancer, hypothyroidism, and PCOS. Depleting asprosin or attenuating its activity may potentially offer a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM and obesity.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1145
A. H. Mekky, Meinaa Jaber Dalal, Athraa G. Sager, Noor Abd Alkhudhur Salmn, Abbas Talib Abd Ali, M.R. Jayapal
A series of 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-(thiophen-2-yl)- 1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile), were prepared from the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone, sodium azide in the presence of glacial acetic acid via cyclization reaction to produce (1-(4-(1H- 1,2,3,4tetrazole-1-yl) phenyl) ethan-1-one). Followed by condensation of (1-(4-(1H- 1,2,3,4tetrazole-1-yl) phenyl) ethan-1-one) with ethyl cyanoacetate, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate at 110℃ to give(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-(thiophen-2-yl)- 1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral methods (FT-IR and 1H-NMR & 13C-NMR). The synthesized compounds have been estimated in lab. for biological efficiency. Preliminary biological testing reveals that the compounds have exhibited activity against the two types of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia). Both Compounds had high activities. Docking experiments for the compounds were undertaken in order to better understand the ligand-protein interactions in terms were done using py-px and BIOVIA/ Discovery studio of binding affinity. The computed binding affinities were consistent with the MIC values
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and Theoretical study of some 2-Oxopyridine Carbonitrile derivatives that contain tetrazole ring and evaluation of their Biological activity","authors":"A. H. Mekky, Meinaa Jaber Dalal, Athraa G. Sager, Noor Abd Alkhudhur Salmn, Abbas Talib Abd Ali, M.R. Jayapal","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1145","url":null,"abstract":"A series of 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-(thiophen-2-yl)- 1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile), were prepared from the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone, sodium azide in the presence of glacial acetic acid via cyclization reaction to produce (1-(4-(1H- 1,2,3,4tetrazole-1-yl) phenyl) ethan-1-one). Followed by condensation of (1-(4-(1H- 1,2,3,4tetrazole-1-yl) phenyl) ethan-1-one) with ethyl cyanoacetate, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate at 110℃ to give(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-6-4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-oxo-6-[4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-4-(thiophen-2-yl)- 1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral methods (FT-IR and 1H-NMR & 13C-NMR). The synthesized compounds have been estimated in lab. for biological efficiency. Preliminary biological testing reveals that the compounds have exhibited activity against the two types of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia). Both Compounds had high activities. Docking experiments for the compounds were undertaken in order to better understand the ligand-protein interactions in terms were done using py-px and BIOVIA/ Discovery studio of binding affinity. The computed binding affinities were consistent with the MIC values","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1148
Hameed B. Mahood, A. Sayer, Samia Merdas, Ibrahim Alsayer
In general, solar water heating system can be described as a beneficial device for heating water by the utility of incident solar radiation. In the present study, an experimental solar water heater was constructed in Misan City, south of Iraq. The constructed experimental unit is a box of glass with a width of 40 cm. To measure temperatures of the experimental unit 7 K-type thermocouples were used. Three different inclination angles were investigated. The results showed that in the month of January, temperature of the solar water heater reached around 70 °C with an inclination angle of 37°. Furthermore, it was conducted that for the investigated period (January), temperatures reached the maximum at around 14 p.m. and then there was a decrease in the temperature. Moreover, it was concluded that the height of the solar water heater has a significant influence on the temperature.
{"title":"An Experimental Investigation of the Performance of a Solar Heater under Climate Conditions of South of Iraq","authors":"Hameed B. Mahood, A. Sayer, Samia Merdas, Ibrahim Alsayer","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1148","url":null,"abstract":"In general, solar water heating system can be described as a beneficial device for heating water by the utility of incident solar radiation. In the present study, an experimental solar water heater was constructed in Misan City, south of Iraq. The constructed experimental unit is a box of glass with a width of 40 cm. To measure temperatures of the experimental unit 7 K-type thermocouples were used. Three different inclination angles were investigated. The results showed that in the month of January, temperature of the solar water heater reached around 70 °C with an inclination angle of 37°. Furthermore, it was conducted that for the investigated period (January), temperatures reached the maximum at around 14 p.m. and then there was a decrease in the temperature. Moreover, it was concluded that the height of the solar water heater has a significant influence on the temperature.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1144
st Hadeel, Ali Ghjiri, Hanan Saadon, Ahmed A. Al-Mankhee
The study included the effect of Alium sativum aqueous and alcoholic extracts on the growth of bacteria and fungi isolated from the study The following types of bacteria appeared:Pseudomouas aeruginosa ,Aeromonas salmonicida ,Escherichia coli Using the diffusion method The aqueous extract was shown to be somewhat higher than the alcoholic extract in inhibiting the above-mentioned bacteria, In the past three decades, disease-resistant fungi and bacteria have emerged it caused major health problems all over the world through the pharmaceutical industry produced quantities of antibiotics. Unfortunately, resistance to antibiotics is increasingly important. Find plants with antifungal and antibacterial activity it has gained increasing importance in recent years due to the development of resistance. On the other hand, it is known that free radicals play an essential role in many diseases. Biochemical damage caused by free radicals to cells and tissues. If the average inhibition diameters at a concentration of 100% for the aqueous extract were (20.16.18) mm, respectively While the rates of inhibition diameters for the alcoholic extract reached (17,14,16) mm, respectively. As for the fungi isolated from the study, they are: Aspergillus .niger ,Rhizopus stolonifer . : Aspergillus candidus .Aspergillus fumigatus. Aspergillus flavus . Aspergillus ochraceus It was found that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts have an inhibitory effect on the growth of the isolated fungi when using the method of diffusion with the medium
{"title":"Isolating and Identifying Some Types of Bacteria and Fungi from wheat grains and studying the effect of some types of antibiotics and the aqueous and alcoholic extract of the Alium sativum plant on them","authors":"st Hadeel, Ali Ghjiri, Hanan Saadon, Ahmed A. Al-Mankhee","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1144","url":null,"abstract":"The study included the effect of Alium sativum aqueous and alcoholic extracts on the growth of bacteria and fungi isolated from the study The following types of bacteria appeared:Pseudomouas aeruginosa ,Aeromonas salmonicida ,Escherichia coli Using the diffusion method The aqueous extract was shown to be somewhat higher than the alcoholic extract in inhibiting the above-mentioned bacteria, In the past three decades, disease-resistant fungi and bacteria have emerged it caused major health problems all over the world through the pharmaceutical industry produced quantities of antibiotics. Unfortunately, resistance to antibiotics is increasingly important. Find plants with antifungal and antibacterial activity it has gained increasing importance in recent years due to the development of resistance. On the other hand, it is known that free radicals play an essential role in many diseases. Biochemical damage caused by free radicals to cells and tissues. If the average inhibition diameters at a concentration of 100% for the aqueous extract were (20.16.18) mm, respectively While the rates of inhibition diameters for the alcoholic extract reached (17,14,16) mm, respectively. As for the fungi isolated from the study, they are: Aspergillus .niger ,Rhizopus stolonifer . : Aspergillus candidus .Aspergillus fumigatus. Aspergillus flavus . Aspergillus ochraceus It was found that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts have an inhibitory effect on the growth of the isolated fungi when using the method of diffusion with the medium","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139153206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1114
Sheimaa A. Fengen Alkinzawi, Hassan A. Yasser
In this paper, we present a numerical approach to solve the GNLSE and analyze soliton interaction phenomena using COMSOL environment. By leveraging the capabilities of COMSOL's PDE module, we can accurately capture the dynamics of solitons and investigate their interactions. We analyze the impact of different parameters such as soliton power, initial separation distance, and dispersion characteristics on the soliton dynamics. Furthermore, we examine the role of higher-order dispersion terms in shaping the soliton interactions. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed numerical approach in accurately simulating and analyzing soliton interaction phenomena. The COMSOL-based methodology provides a flexible and efficient framework for studying complex nonlinear optical systems, enabling researchers to gain insights into the behavior of solitons in different media and design optimized communication systems. This paper contributes to the understanding of soliton dynamics and provides a practical tool for investigating the behavior of solitons in nonlinear dispersive media. The presented numerical approach using COMSOL opens avenues for further research in nonlinear optics and fiber optic communication systems.
{"title":"Study of Soliton Interaction in Optical Fibers with Third Order Dispersion and Higher Order Nonlinear Effects","authors":"Sheimaa A. Fengen Alkinzawi, Hassan A. Yasser","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1114","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a numerical approach to solve the GNLSE and analyze soliton interaction phenomena using COMSOL environment. By leveraging the capabilities of COMSOL's PDE module, we can accurately capture the dynamics of solitons and investigate their interactions. We analyze the impact of different parameters such as soliton power, initial separation distance, and dispersion characteristics on the soliton dynamics. Furthermore, we examine the role of higher-order dispersion terms in shaping the soliton interactions. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed numerical approach in accurately simulating and analyzing soliton interaction phenomena. The COMSOL-based methodology provides a flexible and efficient framework for studying complex nonlinear optical systems, enabling researchers to gain insights into the behavior of solitons in different media and design optimized communication systems. This paper contributes to the understanding of soliton dynamics and provides a practical tool for investigating the behavior of solitons in nonlinear dispersive media. The presented numerical approach using COMSOL opens avenues for further research in nonlinear optics and fiber optic communication systems.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139153480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1147
S. Al-Saidi
In this study, we treat tunneling similarly to the dispersion problem where the wave incident on the barrier is partly transmitted and partly reflected. The transport potential will be related to conduction using the tight-binding model, the steady-state formula, and the Landauer relationship. The tunnel was processed using a bridge model. We studied the effect of changing the size of the quantum dots that make the bridge on the probability of transmission and reflection, the effect of changing the number of quantum dots on them. The transmission and reflection spectrums were compared as functions of the system's energy spectrum. We also noticed the effect of the transmission and reflection spectrum on the conductivity of the system. The results that have been reached, and will contribute significantly to the manufacture of nano-devices in the not-too-distant ture.
{"title":"Study of the Transmission and Reflection of Electron Waves through a Bridge System Consisting of Quan-tum Dots Using the Tight-Binding Approximation","authors":"S. Al-Saidi","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1147","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we treat tunneling similarly to the dispersion problem where the wave incident on the barrier is partly transmitted and partly reflected. The transport potential will be related to conduction using the tight-binding model, the steady-state formula, and the Landauer relationship. The tunnel was processed using a bridge model. We studied the effect of changing the size of the quantum dots that make the bridge on the probability of transmission and reflection, the effect of changing the number of quantum dots on them. The transmission and reflection spectrums were compared as functions of the system's energy spectrum. We also noticed the effect of the transmission and reflection spectrum on the conductivity of the system. The results that have been reached, and will contribute significantly to the manufacture of nano-devices in the not-too-distant ture.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139153260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1123
Fatima Thamer, Abbas Shwya alwan
The interaction between organic Nano molecules and solid surfaces play a prominent role in numerous applications such as charge transfer and physisorption. Density functional theory (DFT) by utilizing sophisticated algorithms in Gaussian 09 software package at LANL2DZ, B3LYP level at the ground state energy had been utilized to attain the merits, molecular structure, contour maps density, electrostatic potentials (ESPs), density of states , infrared spectra (IR), electronic states, HOMO and LUMO energies, Energy gaps (Eg), electron affinity (E.A), ionization potential (I.P), dipole moment, the eigen values of the polarizabilities tensor αxx ,αyy and αzz , average polarizability ,and symmetry to the geometrical nanostructures (Ag10), (Ag15), (Ag18), (Ag10-OTS), (Ag15-OTS) and (Ag18-OTS). Physisorption phenomena impact tremendously to the symmetry of the geometrical structure. Molecular bonds of the (σ, σ^*, π, π^*, δ and δ^*) originate because the overlap between ( s or p atomic orbitals) in the organic nanomaterials and ( d atomic orbitals) in the silver nanosurface. The distortion in contour maps interprets happening physisorption or charge transfer. According infrared spectra it can be seen new bonds because of the physisorption. Density of states diagrams demonstrates changing in the magnetic properties after physisorption. Simulation of silver (Ag) in nano dimensions make it semiconductor as compared with the bulk. The values of energy gaps of all hybrid nanostructures are in the range of semiconductor.
{"title":"Studying the electronic characteristics and physisorption of OTS on the pure silver surfaces (Ag10), (Ag15) and (Ag18)","authors":"Fatima Thamer, Abbas Shwya alwan","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1123","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between organic Nano molecules and solid surfaces play a prominent role in numerous applications such as charge transfer and physisorption. Density functional theory (DFT) by utilizing sophisticated algorithms in Gaussian 09 software package at LANL2DZ, B3LYP level at the ground state energy had been utilized to attain the merits, molecular structure, contour maps density, electrostatic potentials (ESPs), density of states , infrared spectra (IR), electronic states, HOMO and LUMO energies, Energy gaps (Eg), electron affinity (E.A), ionization potential (I.P), dipole moment, the eigen values of the polarizabilities tensor αxx ,αyy and αzz , average polarizability ,and symmetry to the geometrical nanostructures (Ag10), (Ag15), (Ag18), (Ag10-OTS), (Ag15-OTS) and (Ag18-OTS). Physisorption phenomena impact tremendously to the symmetry of the geometrical structure. Molecular bonds of the (σ, σ^*, π, π^*, δ and δ^*) originate because the overlap between ( s or p atomic orbitals) in the organic nanomaterials and ( d atomic orbitals) in the silver nanosurface. The distortion in contour maps interprets happening physisorption or charge transfer. According infrared spectra it can be seen new bonds because of the physisorption. Density of states diagrams demonstrates changing in the magnetic properties after physisorption. Simulation of silver (Ag) in nano dimensions make it semiconductor as compared with the bulk. The values of energy gaps of all hybrid nanostructures are in the range of semiconductor.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139155935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1124
H. Ali
NiO-MWCNT was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and used as a low-cost, platinum-free counter electrode for Dye-sensitized solar cells DSSCs. The DSSC based on NiO-MWCNT as a counter electrode achieves a high-power conversion efficiency of 8.53% under a simulated solar illumination of 100 mW cm-2 (AM 1.5). This efficiency is comparable to 7.9% for a DSSC equipped with a Pt counter electrode. Good charge conduction characteristics of the NiO-MWCNT electrode decreases charge loss and boosts the effectiveness of converting light into electrical current. The NiO-MWCNT electrode also increases light absorption and increases the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy by enhancing light dispersion within the solar cell. Other advantages of NiO-MWCNT electrodes are low cost and great sustainability. Comparing it to platinum, rare and expensive material, the use of NiO-MWCNT reduces the cost of the solar cell and contributes to environmental sustainability. In addition, the NiO-MWCNT electrode has a high chemical stability, making it more resistant to corrosion and damage in dye solar cell environments. This enhances the lifespan of the cell and ensures its long-term sustainability.
{"title":"Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with NiO and pt as Counter Electrodes for DSSC applications","authors":"H. Ali","doi":"10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1124","url":null,"abstract":"NiO-MWCNT was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and used as a low-cost, platinum-free counter electrode for Dye-sensitized solar cells DSSCs. The DSSC based on NiO-MWCNT as a counter electrode achieves a high-power conversion efficiency of 8.53% under a simulated solar illumination of 100 mW cm-2 (AM 1.5). This efficiency is comparable to 7.9% for a DSSC equipped with a Pt counter electrode. Good charge conduction characteristics of the NiO-MWCNT electrode decreases charge loss and boosts the effectiveness of converting light into electrical current. The NiO-MWCNT electrode also increases light absorption and increases the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy by enhancing light dispersion within the solar cell. Other advantages of NiO-MWCNT electrodes are low cost and great sustainability. Comparing it to platinum, rare and expensive material, the use of NiO-MWCNT reduces the cost of the solar cell and contributes to environmental sustainability. In addition, the NiO-MWCNT electrode has a high chemical stability, making it more resistant to corrosion and damage in dye solar cell environments. This enhances the lifespan of the cell and ensures its long-term sustainability.","PeriodicalId":23432,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139154947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i2.1119
Shahad Riyadh, Mohammed Salman Mohammad, Noorulhuda Riyadh Naser
The synthesis of germanium nanoparticles (Ge NPs) through pulsed laser ablation in deionized water is investigated for Nanophotonics and optoelectronic applications. This study delves into the influence of laser pulse energy on Ge NP properties, specifically highlighting size control and optical characteristics. Our findings reveal a significant reduction in Ge NP size, from an initial 30 nm to 20 nm, as the laser pulse energy increases. Notably, we observed size-dependent blue luminescence from the synthesized Ge NPs. This controlled synthesis holds promise for optoelectronics and sensing applications. The study provides valuable insights into precise Ge NP synthesis and underscores their intriguing optical properties, paving the way for advanced Nanophotonic devices.
本研究探讨了在去离子水中通过脉冲激光烧蚀合成锗纳米粒子（Ge NPs），以用于纳米光子学和光电应用。本研究深入探讨了激光脉冲能量对 Ge NP 特性的影响，特别强调了尺寸控制和光学特性。我们的研究结果表明，随着激光脉冲能量的增加，Ge NP 的尺寸明显减小，从最初的 30 纳米减小到 20 纳米。值得注意的是，我们观察到合成的 Ge NP 发出的蓝色荧光与尺寸有关。这种可控合成为光电和传感应用带来了希望。这项研究为精确合成 Ge NP 提供了有价值的见解，并强调了它们引人入胜的光学特性，为先进的纳米光子器件铺平了道路。
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