Veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae postbiotics supplementation from gestation to weaning: Impacts on performance and immunity in pigs under low-biosecurity conditions","authors":"Thi Hien Bui ,&nbsp;Dinh Phung Le ,&nbsp;Thi Dung Ho ,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Chao ,&nbsp;Hoang Son Hung Pham ,&nbsp;Thi Hoa Nguyen ,&nbsp;Van Dung Dinh ,&nbsp;Anjan Mondal ,&nbsp;Victor Nsereko ,&nbsp;Duc Thao Le","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> fermentation-derived postbiotics (SCFP) on reproductive performance and immunity of sows and their offspring from gestation to weaning in a low biosecurity, small-scale pig production system. Ninety sows were randomly assigned to 3 treatments: a control group (CON; standard basal diet), β-glucan (BG; basal diet + 1.0 kg/MT β-glucan 50), and SCFP (basal diet + 2.0 kg/MT Diamond V XPC). The diets were provided to sows from the inseminated day until their piglets were weaned and to piglets from 10 days of age until weaning. Reproductive performance of sows was evaluated based on litter size at birth, 24 h postpartum, and at weaning; number of stillbirth and mummified piglets per sow; and piglets body weight at birth and at weaning. Blood samples were collected from sows to determine antibody titer against foot and mouth disease (FMD). Maternally derived antibody (MDA) against FMD and <em>Mycoplasma hyopneumonia</em> (<em>M. hyopneumonia)</em> after vaccination were also assessed in the piglets. Dietary supplementation of SCFP and BG in sows had no significant effect on reproductive performance (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). BG also did not enhance the immune response to FMD vaccination (<em>P &gt;</em>0.05) or the MDA levels of FMD in piglets. However, SCFP supplementation in sows significantly enhanced their immune response to FMD vaccination (<em>P &lt;</em>0.05) but did not influence the passive immunity transfer to piglets. Furthermore, SCFP and BG supplementation in the diets of sows and their piglets did not significantly affect the piglets' immune response following <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> vaccination. In summary, SCFP and BG showed minimal effects on reproductive performance and piglet immunity, while SCFP selectively enhanced the sows’ immune response to FMD vaccination without affecting passive immunity transfer to piglets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145960221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal microRNA profiling reveals candidate biomarkers and regulatory signatures associated with paratuberculosis disease status in goats","authors":"Eun-Yeong Bok ,&nbsp;Tae Yoon Kim ,&nbsp;Sang-Young Seo ,&nbsp;Han-Gyu Lee ,&nbsp;Young-Hun Jung ,&nbsp;Seong Hwan Bae ,&nbsp;Nam Su Oh ,&nbsp;Tae Jin Cho ,&nbsp;Hyeon Woo Park ,&nbsp;Eui Cheol Shin ,&nbsp;Jae Kyeom Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> subspecies <em>paratuberculosis</em> (MAP), is difficult to diagnose in the subclinical stage(s) because of intermittent shedding and nonspecific immune responses. Given their stability and potential as biomarkers, exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated in this study to identify serum-derived candidates associated with Paratuberculosis-associated disease stages in goats. Exosomes were isolated from the serum of three groups: Control (ELISA- and PCR-negative), ENPP (ELISA-negative but PCR-positive), and EPPP (ELISA- and PCR-positive). After exosome characterization, small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) and their predicted regulatory targets. Functional enrichment, upstream regulator, and network analyses were then applied to interpret the biological relevance of the identified DEmiRs. Among the candidates, miR-122 and miR-21–5p were consistently upregulated in infected animals and were associated with immune modulation, epithelial integrity, and inflammation. Finally, quantitative PCR validation confirmed a significant elevation of these miRNAs in the EPPP group, supporting their potential as late-stage biomarkers. Our findings demonstrate that exosomal miRNA profiling can reflect MAP infection status and highlight their potential utility as non-invasive biomarkers for Paratuberculosis monitoring in veterinary settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-need visual test for the detection of γ-glutamyltransferase in calf serum","authors":"Mònica Campàs ,&nbsp;Martina Tolós ,&nbsp;Sandra Leonardo ,&nbsp;Lourdes Llonch ,&nbsp;Maria Devant ,&nbsp;Yolanda Saco ,&nbsp;Anna Bassols ,&nbsp;Sònia Martí","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adequate colostrum intake is critical for the passive transfer of immunity in calves, and serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2) is a potential indicator. However, conventional assays for its detection require laboratory facilities, limiting their use in the field. Herein, a simple visual test has been developed for the semi-quantitative determination of serum GGT using immobilized reagents on paper supports. The enzyme substrate, drop volume, and membrane type were optimized, with γ-<span>L</span>-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide, 10 µL drop volume, and a binder-free microfiber glass membrane providing the best performance. The visual test showed a limit of semi-quantification (LOSQ) of 39 U/L, while digital analysis slightly improved the sensitivity. When applied to calf serum samples, the test reliably reflected GGT evolution: negligible at birth, peak activity at 2 days (corresponding to colostrum intake), declining by day 14, and further decreasing at day 18. The visual test showed strong agreement with the conventional enzyme assay (<em>κ</em> = 0.94), correctly estimating 26 out of 31 samples (84 %), and digital analysis of the membranes correlated even more closely (<em>R</em> = 0.9924). This point-of-need (PON) device offers a rapid, low-cost, and practical tool for on-farm monitoring of colostrum intake, supporting early detection of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) and improved calf health management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization on the dimensions of the lumbosacral neuroforamen throughout range of motion","authors":"Raphael Arz ,&nbsp;Brian Park ,&nbsp;Sebastian Knell ,&nbsp;Antonio Pozzi ,&nbsp;Frank Steffen ,&nbsp;Lucas A. Smolders","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) in dogs can involve foraminal stenosis and L7 nerve root compression. Surgical options to expand the L7-S1 neuroforamen (NF) include foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization. However, the efficacy of these techniques when subjected to biomechanical loading is unclear. The study objective was to investigate the influence of spinal motion on the volume of the L7-S1 NF in the native spine and after foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization. Eight canine cadaveric spines were subsequently tested in 3 conditions: native, after unilateral foraminotomy and after distraction-stabilization of L7-S1. Spines were subjected to axial compression, flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The volume of the L7-S1 NF was calculated for each condition and motion direction. Linear mixed models were used to analyze differences between motions and conditions. The NF in the native spine was only affected by flexion (+4.5 %±16.6;P &lt; 0.01) and extension (-36.7 %±11.1;P &lt; 0.01) when compared to the position neutral + axial compression. The NF dimension after foraminotomy increased in flexion (+20.4 %±24.6;P &lt; 0.01) and decreased in extension (-35.9 %±9.3;P &lt; 0.01). In contrast, the NF after distraction-stabilization was not affected by biomechanical motion. Foraminotomy resulted in significantly increased volumes in all loading conditions (+31.0–45.7 %;P &lt; 0.01). Distraction-stabilization produced smaller, yet statistically significant, increases in foraminal volume across several loading directions: axial compression (+15 %±18.0;P = 0.01), ipsilateral lateral bending (+22.1 %±19.0;P &lt; 0.01), extension (+75 %±31.6;P &lt; 0.01) and ipsilateral (+9.3 %±12.9;P = 0.01) and contralateral axial rotation (+12.7 %±12.9;P = 0.01). Both foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization lead to significant increases in the volume of the L7-S1 NF throughout spinal movement. As such, either procedure may be effective in enlarging the L7-S1 neuroforamen compromised by DLSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International renal interest society best practice consensus guidelines on the use of continuous renal replacement therapy in dogs and cats","authors":"Hilla Chen ,&nbsp;Larry D. Cowgill ,&nbsp;Thierry Francey ,&nbsp;Rosanne E. Jepson ,&nbsp;Catherine Langston ,&nbsp;Ariane Schweighauser ,&nbsp;Gilad Segev","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in small animal practice. Early recognition and medical management form the basis of treatment, however, for dogs and cats with severe AKI, resulting in the development of uremic metabolic derangements and oligoanuria, advanced renal replacement therapy (RRT) should be considered. Different platforms (i.e. machines) and modalities are available for the delivery of RRT including intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) providing different but complimentary therapeutic options for the management of AKI. Intermittent hemodialysis is a short (i.e., few hours) and typically highly efficient treatment, whereas CRRT typically is less efficient but delivered continuously (≥24 h) which brings some advantages, especially for severely uremic or hemodynamically unstable animals. Working within the constraints of veterinary medicine and limitations that may exist in hospital staffing, facilities and finances, hybrid therapeutic protocols (e.g. prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT; 6–12 h)) and transitional-CRRT (12–24 h) have been developed to advance the use of renal replacement platforms to fit with these logistical requirements. The literature on CRRT in veterinary patients is extremely limited, however, the demand for extracorporeal-based RRT therapies is expanding rapidly. Therefore, guidelines are required to ensure safe and effective operation and to optimize the management of dogs and cats with AKI using these platforms. To that end, these consensus-based best practice guidelines provide current knowledge on veterinary patient considerations, prescription, anti-coagulation, machine-based monitoring and commonly identified complications that may be experienced during CRRT, based on collective expert opinion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal trends and risk factors of small-ruminant brucellosis in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Di Jiao ,&nbsp;Rui Shi ,&nbsp;Rigai Sa ,&nbsp;Zhengyi Li ,&nbsp;Lu An ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wen ,&nbsp;Rui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brucellosis remains a neglected zoonosis that threatens livestock production and human health in China. Small ruminants are key reservoirs, yet brucellosis in sheep and goats is still insufficiently characterized in terms of seroprevalence, risk factors, and spatial–temporal dynamics. We conducted a nationwide systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) of studies published up to 1 August 2025. We pooled eligible cross-sectional data using a random-effects model, explored determinants by subgroup analysis and meta-regression, and applied ARIMA models to forecast trends. We included 306 studies from 27 provinces. The overall pooled seroprevalence was 3.0 % (95 % CI 2.3–3.8), with strong geographic heterogeneity. The highest burden occurred in North China, especially Inner Mongolia. Risk was higher in spring and in BSk (cold semi-arid) climates. Seroprevalence was slightly higher in goats, young animals (&lt;1 year), and stall-feeding systems, indicating the need to strengthen housing hygiene and farm biosecurity. Diagnostic methods explained substantial heterogeneity: RBPT tended to yield higher estimates, whereas ELISA/cELISA offer better diagnostic performance. Seroprevalence rose around 2016–2017 and then declined only modestly. Forecasts suggested a continued upward drift (0.76 % in 2026–0.84 % in 2027), implying sustained One Health risks. These findings support region-specific vaccination with priority for goats, expanded standardized ELISA/cELISA use, and integrated human–livestock surveillance with harmonized reporting and targeted protection for high-risk workers in hotspot regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of dry-period heat stress on inflammatory, oxidative and metabolic alterations, and acquired immunity in dairy cows and offspring","authors":"Mehmet Akköse ,&nbsp;Halit Kanca ,&nbsp;Tuğrul Hoşbul ,&nbsp;Sema Ören ,&nbsp;Murat Onur Yazlık ,&nbsp;Ufuk Kaya ,&nbsp;Mert Pekcan ,&nbsp;Hatice Esra Çolakoğlu ,&nbsp;Yunus Furkan Altınbaş ,&nbsp;Hasan Karakuş ,&nbsp;Mehmet Rıfat Vural","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of dry-period heat stress on metabolic and oxidative stress parameters, cytokine release, and T lymphocyte percentages in dairy cows and their offspring. Thirty-two Holstein cows were randomly assigned to heat stress (HS) and cooling (CL) groups. Blood samples were collected to harvest serum and isolate peripheral blood leukocytes, from cows at 21 – 28 days before the expected calving date and immediately after calving, and from their calves postnatally (before colostrum consumption and 24 ± 1 h after birth). Helper (Th1, Th2), regulatory T (Treg), and gamma/delta T (γδT) lymphocytes were enumerated by flow cytometry. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, lactoferrin, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured using bovine-specific commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits. Nitric oxide, paraoxonase, total oxidant capacity, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), albumin, total protein, cholesterol, bilirubin, and creatinine levels were measured using an auto-analyzer. Compared to the CL group, in the HS cows, serum retinoic acid, alpha-tocopherol (p &lt; 0.05), ALP, catalase, GSH-Px and IL-1β levels (p &lt; 0.01) were significantly lower, whereas IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were higher (p &lt; 0.01). The HS cows presented with higher Th1 lymphocyte percentages (p &lt; 0.01), and lower γδT and Treg lymphocyte percentages (p &lt; 0.01). Treg lymphocyte percentages showed no difference between the groups, but varied by day. Specifically, in both the HS and CL dams, Treg lymphocyte percentages were significantly lower at the calving time than on day 21 before the expected calving date (p = 0.021). Colostral IgG concentrations were lower (p &lt; 0.05) in the HS group. In the offspring, there were no significant differences between the HS and CL groups for the T lymphocyte percentages before colostrum consumption and the serum IgG concentrations at 24 ± 1 h after birth. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that providing heat stress abatement to dry cows may modulate both Th1, Treg, and γδT lymphocyte functions, and the release of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, intrauterine heat stress did not affect lymphocyte percentages in offspring before colostrum consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinical impact of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage on feline chronic kidney disease","authors":"Tetsushi Tezuka ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Arakawa ,&nbsp;Kai Kudo ,&nbsp;Hideyuki Takehara ,&nbsp;Masanobu Morioka ,&nbsp;Kazutaka Ikeda ,&nbsp;Takashi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Keisuke Yasuda ,&nbsp;Yuko Fujima ,&nbsp;Motoo Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Yuki Okada ,&nbsp;Toshiro Arai ,&nbsp;Satoko Arai ,&nbsp;Toru Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cats are highly susceptible to chronic kidney disease (CKD), for which effective treatments remain unavailable. We previously reported a genetic deficiency in activating apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) in cats. Based on a hypothesis that the deficiency in AIM activation may contribute to the high susceptibility of cats to CKD, we investigated clinical impacts of recombinant AIM (rAIM) treatment in cats with advanced CKD, as an exploratory, non-pivotal study. 216 CKD cats were screened and those harboring serum creatinine concentrations between 2.9 and 5.0 mg/dL, including 26 with ≥ 5 µg/mL serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) concentrations and 9 with &lt; 5 μg/mL IS, were enrolled into the study. Of the 26 cats, 6 received mouse rAIM administrations, 5 received feline rAIM, and 15 served as non-treated controls. Their survival was monitored for 360 days, and kidney biomarkers, metabolomic profiles, as well as sphingolipids in serum were assessed. The median survival time of non-treated controls was 167 days (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 116–217), whereas rAIM treatment significantly extended survival, with a cumulative survival rate of 0.83 (95 % CI: 0.53–1.0) at 360 days by mouse rAIM and 0.8 (95 % CI: 0.44–1.0) by feline rAIM compared to 0.20 (95 % CI: 0.0–0.40) in controls. Additionally, rAIM prevented the worsening of kidney biomarkers and uremic toxins, restoring serum sphingomyelins that reduce inflammation and fibrosis. The 9 cats with lower IS concentrations showed 100 % survival at 360 days without rAIM treatment. These findings support the use of AIM-based therapies against advanced CKD in cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Derivation of genetically stable mesenchymal stem cells from feline embryonic cell aggregates","authors":"Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Huina Luo ,&nbsp;Huimin Ruan ,&nbsp;Bingyun Wang ,&nbsp;Xinhua Ling ,&nbsp;Shengfeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regarded as a fundamental component in the advancement of regenerative therapies for feline medicine. In this study, a novel protocol was established to derive MSCs from discarded feline embryos obtained post-ovariohysterectomy. Embryonic cell aggregates (EAs) were generated through collagenase digestion of embryos, followed by three-dimensional (3D) culture in complete medium containing 100 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The EAs were subsequently plated on collagen-coated dishes to yield feline embryonic cell aggregate-derived MSCs (feEA-MSCs). Strong expression of characteristic MSCs markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 was demonstrated by surface marker analysis, with minimal expression of CD34 and HLA-DR. Furthermore, significantly higher mRNA expression of the pluripotency-associated transcription factors <em>NANOG</em> and <em>SOX2</em> was exhibited by feEA-MSCs compared to adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Consistent alkaline phosphatase activity was maintained by the cells, while a karyotypically normal state at passage 6 (2n = 38) was retained. Overall, this approach provides a source of feline MSCs with enhanced pluripotency characteristics, demonstrating significant potential for translational applications in regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145906891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and immunoprophylaxis of lactococcosis in European Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): A comprehensive study from Egyptian Aquaculture","authors":"Talal A.M. bo Selema ,&nbsp;Riad H. Khalil ,&nbsp;Mahmoud M. Abotaleb ,&nbsp;El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa ,&nbsp;Mohamed Fathi","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lactococcosis, caused by <em>Lactococcus garvieae</em>, is an emerging threat to the expanding European sea bass (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) aquaculture industry in Egypt. This study provides a comprehensive investigation into the pathogenicity, epidemiology, and immunoprophylaxis of <em>L. garvieae</em> from outbreaks in the Borg El-Arab and Mothalus El-Deeba provinces. We found that infected farms exhibited significantly deteriorated water quality, characterized by elevated ammonia, nitrite, pH, and reduced dissolved oxygen. Bacteriological and molecular analysis of 300 moribund fish revealed a high prevalence of <em>L. garvieae</em> (67.3 %), with significant geographical variation and a distinct organotropism for the liver and brain. The local isolates demonstrated a concerning antibiotic resistance profile, showing complete resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline but full sensitivity to streptomycin and enrofloxacin. Experimental challenge established the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) at 2.31 × 10⁶ CFU/fish, confirming the strain's virulence. To develop a control strategy, we evaluated four inactivated whole-cell vaccine preparations (formalin-killed cells (FKC), chloroform-killed cells (CKC), phenol-killed cells (PKC), and heat-killed cells (HKC)) administered via intraperitoneal, immersion, or combined routes. The combined vaccination route using either FKC or CKC elicited the most robust immune protection, generating the highest specific antibody titers (up to 8.34 log₁₀), enhancing phagocytic activity (up to 39.21 %), and improving key hematological parameters. This regimen resulted in the highest relative percent survival (RPS) of 53.04 % and 45.41 % for FKC and CKC, respectively, and significant histopathological improvements in the kidney and spleen post-challenge. Our findings confirm <em>L. garvieae</em> as a primary pathogen in Egyptian sea bass aquaculture. They also demonstrate that a vaccination protocol using formalin- or chloroform-killed bacterins delivered through a combined prime-boost strategy offers a promising approach for disease management, offering partial protection that warrants further optimization for sustainable application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 106544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}