Veterinary journal最新文献_第5页

The influence of colostrum-derived maternal cells on neonatal lamb immune responses to routine management practices 初乳源性母细胞对羔羊免疫反应的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106527

Mohamed A. Donia , James F. Lowe , Federico A. Zuckermann , Brian M. Aldridge

Colostrum is essential for newborn ruminants because it delivers vital nutrients, boosts immune function, and promotes growth. Studies suggest that maternal cells found in colostrum enhance the immune development of newborns, resulting in lasting health benefits. This study examines the impact of maternal colostral cells on lamb growth and husbandry-related mucosal health challenges. Initial assessments of ovine colostrum samples (n = 9) identified an effective method for removing maternal cells from colostrum. This method was utilized in an ewe-twin lamb model across two lambing seasons during which 78 lambs were involved. Twin lambs were randomly assigned to receive either cell-rich (CRC) or cell-free (CFC) colostrum within 12 h of birth. Lamb body weight gain, intestinal shedding of coccidia and strongyloids, peri-scrotal inflammation, and wound healing post-castration dynamics were monitored over the first two months of life. CRC lambs showed a consistent but statistically insignificant increase in body weight over time compared to CFC lambs. The parasitic burden varied by season and the coccidia oocyst counts were significantly lower (p = 0.04) in the CRC than in CFC-fed lambs. Additionally, CRC lambs had better post-castration healing scores at days 7 (p = 0.001), 35 (p = 0.005), and 42 (p = 0.04), and lower swelling scores at days 7 (p = 0.002) and 35 (p = 0.04). Overall, CRC-fed lambs demonstrated reduced intestinal parasitic shedding and improved peri-scrotal healing post-castration. Although the basis of these cellular mechanisms is still unknown, the results highlight practical health benefits of colostral cells and implications for colostrum management in livestock systems that preserve these cells viable.

初乳对新生反刍动物至关重要，因为它提供重要的营养，增强免疫功能，促进生长。研究表明，在初乳中发现的母体细胞可以增强新生儿的免疫发育，从而产生持久的健康益处。本研究探讨了母体初乳细胞对羔羊生长和与丈夫相关的粘膜健康挑战的影响。对绵羊初乳样品（n=9）的初步评估确定了一种从初乳中去除母体细胞的有效方法。该方法应用于一个双母羊模型，涉及两个产羔季节的78只羔羊。双胞胎羔羊在出生12小时内被随机分配接受富细胞（CRC）或无细胞（CFC）初乳。在出生后的前两个月监测羔羊体重增加、球虫和类棒状细胞肠道脱落、阴囊周围炎症和去势后伤口愈合动态。与CFC羔羊相比，结直肠癌羔羊的体重随着时间的推移呈现出一致但统计上不显著的增加。寄生负荷随季节变化，CRC羔羊的球虫卵囊计数显著低于cfc羔羊（p = 0.04）。此外，结直肠癌羔羊在去势后第7天（p = 0.001）、第35天（p = 0.005）和第42天（p = 0.04）的愈合评分较好，第7天（p = 0.002）和第35天（p = 0.04）的肿胀评分较低。总体而言，crc喂养的羔羊表现出肠道寄生虫脱落减少，阉割后阴囊周围愈合改善。尽管这些细胞机制的基础尚不清楚，但结果强调了初乳细胞的实际健康益处，以及在牲畜系统中保持这些细胞存活的初乳管理的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of infection, genetic evolution and structural characteristics of bovine coronavirus in dairy farms in Hebei, China 河北省奶牛场牛冠状病毒感染、遗传进化及结构特征调查

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106526

Zheng Niu , Xinfeng Hou , Yaqing Liu , Liu Yang , Lichen Nie , Changlei Zhu , Yong Huang , Qian Du , Dewen Tong

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a significant pathogen in dairy cattle, but its strain-specific adaptation and antigenic variability in China are poorly understood. This study investigated the prevalence, genetic evolution, and structural-functional characteristics of the BCoV S1 protein across three large-scale farms over four seasons and five growth stages. A seasonal pattern was observed, with the highest prevalence in autumn, potentially linked to temperature effects on host immunity and viral stability. Infection rates varied by farm, underscoring the influence of management practices. BCoV infection was associated with increased morbidity and mortality in milk-fed calves, resulting in an average weight reduction of 7.2 kg and an additional $30 in feeding costs per calf by 60 days, imposing substantial economic losses. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Chinese BCoV strains form a distinct lineage, indicating regional adaptation. Variations in the S1 protein, particularly within predicted antigenic epitopes, suggest potential antigenic changes that could impact immune recognition and vaccine efficacy. Structural and physicochemical analyses revealed strain-specific differences in charge and hydrophobicity, which may alter immune recognition affinity. These findings highlight the need for ongoing genomic surveillance, enhanced biosecurity, and tailored vaccination strategies to mitigate the economic and health impacts of BCoV.

牛冠状病毒（BCoV）是奶牛的一种重要病原体，但其在中国的菌株特异性适应和抗原变异尚不清楚。本研究调查了BCoV S1蛋白在3个大型养殖场4个季节和5个生长阶段的流行、遗传进化和结构功能特征。观察到季节性模式，秋季患病率最高，可能与温度对宿主免疫力和病毒稳定性的影响有关。感染率因农场而异，突出了管理做法的影响。BCoV感染与母乳喂养犊牛发病率和死亡率增加有关，导致犊牛体重平均减少7.2公斤，每头犊牛60天的饲养成本增加30美元，造成巨大的经济损失。系统发育分析表明，中国BCoV毒株形成了一个独特的谱系，显示出区域适应性。S1蛋白的变异，特别是在预测的抗原表位内，表明潜在的抗原变化可能影响免疫识别和疫苗效力。结构和物理化学分析揭示了菌株特异性的电荷和疏水性差异，这可能会改变免疫识别亲和力。这些发现突出表明，需要持续进行基因组监测，加强生物安全，并制定有针对性的疫苗接种战略，以减轻BCoV的经济和健康影响。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of three anaesthetic protocols (dexmedetomidine/ketamine, dexmedetomidine/midazolam, midazolam/ketamine) in dwarf rabbits undergoing elective orchiectomy 三种麻醉方案（右美托咪定/氯胺酮、右美托咪定/咪达唑仑、咪达唑仑/氯胺酮）在侏儒兔择期睾丸切除术中的比较研究。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106525

Alessio Angorini , Carlotta Cacchiani , Luca Pennasilico , Margherita Galosi , Adolfo Maria Tambella , Romina Marcoccia , Fabrizio Dini , Caterina Di Bella

This prospective clinical study aimed to compare three different anaesthetic protocols in dwarf rabbits and analyse the effects of these pharmacological combinations from premedication to complete recovery. Twenty-one pet rabbits were randomly allocated in study groups – MKM (7 rabbits): midazolam (0.2 mg/kg), ketamine (20 mg/kg), and methadone (0.3 mg/kg) were administered subcutaneously (SC); DKM (7 rabbits): received dexmedetomidine (25 µg/kg), ketamine (20 mg/kg), and methadone (0.3 mg/kg) SC; MDM (7 rabbits): received midazolam (0.2 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (25 µg/kg), and methadone (0.3 mg/kg) SC. Ten minutes before premedication and every 5 min for 20 min (T5, T10, T15, and T20, respectively), heart rate, respiratory rate, and sedation score (SS) were recorded. Cases of ataxia/incoordination were also reported. After induction of general anaesthesia, main cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were monitored during skin incision, testicular traction, and suture placement. At the end of the procedure, extubation time, recovery of sternal recumbency and quadrupedal stance, and quality of recovery (QR) were recorded. The DKM group showed higher SS at T10 than the other two groups; however, 4 out of 7 subjects manifested ataxia and incoordination, compared to the MDM, in which no episodes occurred. Time to extubation in the MKM was longer (6.8 ± 3.5 min) compared to the MDM (2.6 ± 2.07 min); moreover, QR was worse in the DKM and MKM groups compared to MDM. The combination of dexmedetomidine/ketamine provides better sedation; however, it frequently induces ataxia/incoordination. The further addition of midazolam could promote muscle relaxation and tranquillisation, reducing handling stress in pet rabbits.

本前瞻性临床研究旨在比较矮兔三种不同的麻醉方案，并分析这些药物组合从用药前到完全恢复的影响。21只家兔随机分为MKM组（7只）：咪达唑仑（0.2mg/kg）、氯胺酮（20mg/kg）、美沙酮（0.3mg/kg）皮下注射（SC）；DKM（7只兔）：给予右美托咪定（25µg/kg）、氯胺酮（20mg/kg）、美沙酮（0.3mg/kg） SC；MDM（7只）：给予咪达唑仑（0.2mg/kg）、右美托咪定（25µg/kg）、美沙酮（0.3mg/kg） SC，用药前10分钟，每5分钟一次，连续20分钟（分别为T5、T10、T15、T20），记录心率、呼吸频率、镇静评分（SS）。还报告了共济失调/不协调的病例。全麻诱导后，在皮肤切开、睾丸牵引和缝线放置过程中监测主要心血管和呼吸参数。在手术结束时，记录拔管时间，胸骨平卧和四足站立的恢复，以及恢复质量（QR）。DKM组在T10时的SS高于其他两组；然而，与没有发作的MDM相比，7名受试者中有4名表现出共济失调和不协调。MKM组拔管时间（6.8±3.5min）较MDM组（2.6±2.07min）长；此外，DKM和MKM组的QR比MDM更差。右美托咪定/氯胺酮联用镇静效果较好；然而，它经常引起共济失调/不协调。进一步添加咪达唑仑可以促进肌肉松弛和镇静，减少宠物兔的处理压力。

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引用次数: 0

Utility of an automated analyzer for cytological analysis of bovine cerebrospinal fluid 用于牛脑脊液细胞学分析的自动分析仪的实用程序。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106434

Sara Ferrini , Giuliano Borriello , Giulia Cagnotti , Ugo Ala , Claudio Bellino , Elena Bozzetta , Giorgia Di Muro , Barbara Miniscalco , Samuel-Philips Nobs , Antonio D’Angelo

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytological analysis is essential for diagnosing central nervous system (CNS) disorders in cattle, yet conventional methods rely on manual cell counting and microscopic evaluation, which can be time-consuming. Automated CSF analysis offers the potential for significantly faster results, a major advantage in emergency settings. In this study, we assessed the utility of a hematology analyzer (Procyte Dx®, IDEXX Laboratories) as a tool for CSF cytological analysis in cattle, aiming to support automated diagnosis of CNS disorders. A total of 131 cattle—24 healthy and 107 referred for neurological signs—were evaluated, with CSF samples analyzed in parallel using the automated analyzer and conventional laboratory methods within one hour of collection. The analyzer demonstrated good diagnostic performance for detecting CSF pleocytosis (AUC = 0.94), with a sensitivity of 97 % and specificity of 81 % at a total nucleated cell count (TNCC) cutoff of 20 cells/μL. This threshold is higher than the reported 10 cells/μL and may reflect both the analyzer’s tendency to overestimate TNCC and its limited resolution at low cellularity, as it reports in increments of 10 cells/μL. Furthermore, the automated analyzer demonstrated limitations in performing differential cell counts on samples with TNCC ≤ 1000 cells/μL. While automated CSF analysis proved rapid and effective in identifying moderate to severe pleocytosis, software improvements are needed to enhance the accuracy of differential cell counts and to ensure reliable TNCC estimation in cases of mild pleocytosis. Nonetheless, it can serve as a valuable tool in emergency settings when cytological evaluation is unavailable.

脑脊液（CSF）细胞学分析对于诊断牛中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病至关重要，但传统方法依赖于人工细胞计数和显微镜评估，这可能很耗时。自动化CSF分析提供了显著更快的结果，这是紧急情况下的一个主要优势。在这项研究中，我们评估了血液学分析仪（Procyte Dx®，IDEXX实验室）作为牛CSF细胞学分析工具的效用，旨在支持中枢神经系统疾病的自动诊断。总共评估了131头牛，其中24头健康，107头有神经体征，在采集后一小时内，使用自动分析仪和传统实验室方法同时分析脑脊液样本。在总有核细胞计数（TNCC）截止值为20个细胞/μL时，该分析仪对脑脊液多细胞增多症的诊断性能良好（AUC = 0.94），灵敏度为97 %，特异性为81 %。这个阈值高于报告的10个细胞/μL，可能反映了分析仪高估TNCC的倾向和它在低细胞密度下的有限分辨率，因为它以10个细胞/μL的增量报告。此外，自动分析仪在对TNCC≤ 1000个细胞/μL的样品进行差异细胞计数时显示出局限性。虽然自动CSF分析在识别中度至重度多细胞增多症方面被证明是快速有效的，但需要改进软件来提高鉴别细胞计数的准确性，并确保在轻度多细胞增多症病例中可靠的TNCC估计。尽管如此，在无法进行细胞学评估的紧急情况下，它可以作为一种有价值的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Recombinant GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197 vaccine inhibits reproductive function in male rats and dogs 重组GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197疫苗抑制雄性大鼠和狗的生殖功能。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106501

Yanyun Zhu , Mengxian Li , Xiangyang Jiang , Dongyuan Fu , Zhihao Pan , Zhuoya Wu , Kejian Han , Ya Liu , Yunsheng Li , Tong Yu , Kaiyuan Ji , Mengling Peng , Hongmei Liu , Fugui Fang

Immunocastration vaccines, as an alternative to surgical castration, have gained prominence for improving meat quality in livestock by suppressing reproductive functions. Central to this process is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a pivotal regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis whose secretion is modulated by the upstream neuropeptide kisspeptin. Building upon this regulatory hierarchy, we developed a novel GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197 conjugate vaccine targeting both signals simultaneously. This study systematically evaluated the vaccine's effects: First, by assessing its inhibitory impact on testicular development, reproduction-related gene level and hormonal secretion in thirty male rats through ELISA, RT-qPCR and histological analyses; Second, by conducting translational validation through preliminary field trials in ten male dogs to determine its practical efficacy for non-surgical castration. In male rats, the vaccine significantly increased anti-GnRH and anti-kisspeptin antibodies (P < 0.01), reduced serum testosterone levels (P < 0.01), decreased testicular size (P < 0.01), and suppressed spermatogenesis, with fewer germ cells across developmental stages. Hypothalamic GPR54 and GnRH mRNA and pituitary FSHβ, LHβ, and GnRHR mRNA levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In male dogs, serum testosterone levels decreased by approximately 40–65 % in three immunized individuals, decreased slightly in two, and increased slightly in three. Four dogs showed complete absence of sperm, and four others showed markedly reduced sperm counts. These results indicate that the dual-target vaccine effectively suppresses reproductive function in rats and shows partial efficacy in dogs, supporting its potential as a non-surgical castration tool. Variability in canine responses highlights species-specific optimization needs.

免疫阉割疫苗作为手术阉割的替代方法，通过抑制生殖功能来改善牲畜的肉质，从而获得了突出的效果。这个过程的核心是促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH），它是下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的关键调节因子，其分泌由上游神经肽kisspeptin调节。基于这一调控层级，我们开发了一种同时靶向这两个信号的新型GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197结合疫苗。本研究系统评价了疫苗的效果：首先，通过ELISA、RT-qPCR和组织学分析，评估了疫苗对30只雄性大鼠睾丸发育、生殖相关基因水平和激素分泌的抑制作用；其次，通过10只公犬的初步野外试验进行转化验证，确定其在非手术阉割中的实际疗效。在雄性大鼠中，该疫苗显著提高了抗gnrh和抗kisspeptin抗体（P < 0.01），降低了血清睾酮水平（P < 0.01），减小了睾丸大小（P < 0.01），抑制了精子发生，各发育阶段的生殖细胞数量减少。下丘脑GPR54、GnRH mRNA和垂体FSHβ、LHβ、GnRHR mRNA水平均显著降低（P < 0.05）。在雄性狗中，血清睾酮水平在三个免疫个体中下降了大约40%到65%，在两个个体中略有下降，在三个个体中略有上升。其中四只狗完全没有精子，另外四只狗的精子数量明显减少。这些结果表明，双靶点疫苗可有效抑制大鼠的生殖功能，并在犬中显示部分功效，支持其作为非手术阉割工具的潜力。犬类反应的可变性突出了物种特定的优化需求。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of cumulative bone fatigue on musculoskeletal injury risk in racing Thoroughbreds 累积骨疲劳对赛马肌肉骨骼损伤风险的影响。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106502

Ashleigh V. Morrice-West , Adelene S.M. Wong , Peta L. Hitchens , R. Chris Whitton

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in racehorses are not typically spontaneous events, but develop gradually through cumulative cycles of loading over time. Stride characteristics can now be recorded with wearable technology, providing opportunity to quantify the skeletal impact of galloping over time. We estimated bone fatigue accumulation based on speed (m/s) and number of strides from n = 3168 race starts by n = 405 Thoroughbreds commencing racing in Tasmania, Australia between 2011 and 2016. The percentage bone fatigue accumulated was divided by various time periods (career, active career, preparation, 1–5 start windows) to generate rates (workloads). Cox proportional-hazard models were used to determine effects of workloads on time to MSI (n = 71 first MSI events), presented as Hazard Ratios (HR); 95 % Confidence Intervals. Horses with higher rates of bone fatigue accumulation over a one start period (HR 3.37; 1.01, 11.22; p = 0.048) and over their career (HR 1.80; 1.53, 2.11; p < 0.001) had a greater risk of MSI. For workloads over an intermediate time period (previous four starts), low (<0.25) workloads resulted in restricted mean survival time (RMST) to MSI of 760 days and a 2.89-fold greater risk (p = 0.005), and high workloads (≥0.75) a 405-day RMST and 8.51-fold greater risk compared to medium (0.25–0.75) workloads with a 1027-day RMST. These findings suggest monitoring skeletal fatigue with wearable technology may allow early identification of horses at increased risk of lameness and injury, timely modification of workloads, and inform safer training practices.

赛马的肌肉骨骼损伤（MSI）不是典型的自发事件，而是随着时间的累积循环逐渐发展。现在，可穿戴技术可以记录步幅特征，为量化随时间奔驰对骨骼的影响提供了机会。我们根据2011-2016年在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州开始比赛的n=3,168场比赛的n=405匹纯种马的速度（m/s）和步数来估计骨疲劳积累。骨疲劳累积的百分比按不同时间段（职业生涯、在职生涯、准备工作、1-5个开始窗口）进行划分，以生成比率（工作量）。Cox比例风险模型用于确定工作负荷对MSI时间的影响（n=71个第一个MSI事件），以风险比（HR）表示；95%置信区间。在一个开始阶段（HR 3.37; 1.01, 11.22; p=0.048）和整个职业生涯中（HR 1.80; 1.53, 2.11; p=0.048）骨骼疲劳积累率较高的马

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of serum FGF23 and serum magnesium levels in dogs and cats with acute kidney injury 急性肾损伤犬和猫血清FGF23和血清镁水平的评价。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106495

Akiko Miyagawa, Mio Ishizaka, Hirosumi Miyakawa, Yuichi Miyagawa, Naoyuki Takemura

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by sudden kidney damage. In studies using mouse model of AKI, the blood concentrations of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) increased persistently in AKI. In addition, higher FGF-23 concentrations were associated with the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and AKI disrupted magnesium homeostasis. However, no study has evaluated these factors in dogs and cats with AKI. This study aimed to measure serum FGF-23 and magnesium concentrations in dogs and cats with AKI. This cross-sectional study used data available in medical records. The AKI group included six dogs and six cats, while the control group consisted of eight dogs and six cats, all of which were client-owned animals. Results showed that in dogs, the AKI group had significantly higher serum FGF-23 (median control, 278.5 pg/mL; AKI, 2104.0 pg/mL; P = 0.02), and magnesium (median control, 2.0 mg/dL; AKI, 2.65 mg/dL; P = 0.043) concentrations than the control group. In cats, the AKI group had significantly higher FGF-23 (median control, 138 pg/mL; AKI, 1195 pg/mL; P = 0.015) concentrations than the control group. In addition, serum FGF-23 concentrations were a significant positive correlation with serum creatinine (r = 0.67, P = 0.018) and phosphate concentrations (r = 0.893, P < 0.001) in dogs.To the best of knowledge, the current study first reported that dogs and cats with AKI had increased serum FGF-23 concentrations. Moreover, dogs with AKI exhibited high serum magnesium concentrations.

急性肾损伤（AKI）是由突发性肾损害引起的。在AKI小鼠模型研究中，成纤维细胞生长因子-23 （FGF-23）血药浓度持续升高。此外，较高的FGF-23浓度与AKI向慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的进展有关，AKI破坏了镁的体内平衡。然而，没有研究评估这些因素对患有AKI的狗和猫的影响。本研究旨在测量AKI狗和猫的血清FGF-23和镁浓度。这项横断面研究使用了医疗记录中的数据。AKI组包括6只狗和6只猫，而对照组包括8只狗和6只猫，它们都是客户拥有的动物。结果：AKI组狗血清FGF-23（对照组中值为278.5pg/mL； AKI组为2104.0pg/mL; P = 0.02）和镁（对照组中值为2.0mg/dL； AKI组为2.65mg/dL; P = 0.043）浓度显著高于对照组。在猫中，AKI组的FGF-23浓度显著高于对照组（对照组中位数为138pg/mL； AKI组为1195pg/mL； P = 0.015）。此外，血清FGF-23浓度与血清肌酐（r = 0.67, P = 0.018）和磷酸盐浓度（r = 0.893, P < 0.001）呈显著正相关。据我们所知，目前的研究首次报道了患有AKI的狗和猫的血清FGF-23浓度升高。此外，AKI犬表现出较高的血清镁浓度。

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引用次数: 0

Immune, stress, and redox status biomarkers in newborn calves: Dynamics in serum and saliva during the first week of life 新生牛犊的免疫、应激和氧化还原状态生物标志物：生命第一周血清和唾液的动态

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106524

F.G. Silva , J.J. Cerón , C. Conceição , L. Pardo-Marín , A. Muñoz , J.O.L. Cerqueira , S.R. Silva , E. Lamy

This study investigated serum and saliva immunity, stress, and redox status biomarkers in dairy calves during the first week of life. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 20 calves on days 0, 1, 2, and 7 for the analysis of biomarkers related to innate immunity (myeloperoxidase, calprotectin), cellular (adenosine deaminase), humoral immunity (gamma-glutamyl transferase), stress (α-amylase) and redox status (ferric reducing ability). Colostrum was given to all calves (3.8 ± 0.64 L) within 96 ± 73 min of birth. On day 7, some calves showed signs of neonatal calf diarrhea, most likely due to nutritional factors. All biomarkers were measurable in both fluids from day 0. Myeloperoxidase, Calprotectin and adenosine deaminase were higher in saliva than in serum and significantly increased after colostrum intake. Biomarkers of humoral immunity were higher in serum, increasing with colostrum intake. A positive correlation was found between gamma-glutamyl transferase and IgG and IgA in saliva. Biomarkers of stress and redox status did not appear to change with colostrum intake. Neonatal calf diarrhea led to increased concentrations of some of the biomarkers analyzed, such as myeloperoxidase and α-amylase. These results highlight the effect of colostrum on the cellular and humoral immunity of calves and provide insights into the potential use of saliva to monitor immune and stress status.

本研究调查了奶牛出生后第一周的血清和唾液免疫、应激和氧化还原状态生物标志物。在第0、1、2和7天采集20头犊牛的血液和唾液样本，分析与先天免疫（髓过氧化物酶、钙保护蛋白）、细胞（腺苷脱氨酶）、体液免疫（γ -谷氨酰转移酶）、应激（α-淀粉酶）和氧化还原状态（铁还原能力）相关的生物标志物。所有犊牛在出生后96±73min内饲喂初乳（3.8±0.64L）。在第7天，一些小牛表现出新生儿牛犊腹泻的迹象，很可能是由于营养因素。从第0天开始，两种液体中的所有生物标志物均可测量。唾液中髓过氧化物酶、钙保护蛋白和腺苷脱氨酶高于血清，初乳摄入后显著升高。体液免疫的生物标志物在血清中较高，随着初乳摄入量的增加而增加。唾液中γ -谷氨酰转移酶与IgG、IgA呈显著正相关。应激和氧化还原状态的生物标志物似乎没有随着初乳的摄入而改变。新生儿小牛腹泻导致一些生物标志物的浓度升高，如髓过氧化物酶和α-淀粉酶。这些结果强调了初乳对小牛细胞和体液免疫的影响，并为唾液监测免疫和应激状态的潜在用途提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery proteomics to detect salivary biomarkers in dog and human periodontitis: Mass spectrometry-based analysis 发现蛋白质组学检测狗和人类牙周炎的唾液生物标志物：基于质谱的分析。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106521

Paras Ahmad , Candace Lowe , Paulos Chumala , Walter L. Siqueira

Periodontitis, prevalent in humans and dogs, is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral hard and soft tissues. Salivary proteomics and protein homology may offer a non-invasive diagnosis, benefiting both species due to similarities in disease etiology and progression. This study compared (i) the proteomics profile of healthy and periodontitis dogs using mass spectrometry; and (ii) the protein homology of the identified differentially expressed proteins between humans and dogs. Twenty dogs were examined over six months, divided into two groups: ten healthy (control) and ten with periodontitis. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The study identified 855 proteins in healthy dogs and 849 in dogs with periodontitis, with a 96 % overlap. Notable shared proteins included abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein homolog, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and myosin-2, while specific proteins, including myosin-13 and fibrocystin, were unique to healthy dogs, and G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 and hemoglobin subunit beta were unique to periodontitis dogs. In periodontitis dogs, proteins adenosine receptor A2b, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1, and calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 were upregulated, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4, laforin, and lens fiber major intrinsic protein were downregulated. The proteins were involved in second messenger signaling and drug response pathways, with complex interaction networks identified. Homology between human and dog proteins ranged from 78.3 % to 100 %, suggesting that these shared proteins could be relevant for cross-species periodontal research and diagnostics.

牙周炎是一种影响口腔硬组织和软组织的慢性炎症性疾病，常见于人类和狗。唾液蛋白质组学和蛋白质同源性可以提供非侵入性诊断，由于疾病病因和进展的相似性，这两个物种都受益。本研究使用质谱法比较了健康犬和牙周炎犬的蛋白质组学特征；（ii）鉴定的人与狗之间差异表达蛋白的蛋白同源性。20只狗在6个月的时间里接受了检查，分为两组：10只健康（对照组）和10只患有牙周炎。唾液样本采集并使用质谱分析。该研究在健康狗身上发现了855种蛋白质，在牙周炎狗身上发现了849种蛋白质，有96%的重叠。值得注意的共同蛋白包括异常纺锤体样小头畸形相关蛋白同源物、dna依赖性蛋白激酶催化亚基和肌球蛋白-2，而特异性蛋白包括肌球蛋白-13和纤维囊蛋白是健康犬所特有的，G2/有丝分裂特异性细胞周期蛋白- b3和血红蛋白亚基β是牙周炎犬所特有的。在牙周炎犬中，腺苷受体A2b蛋白、凋亡蛋白酶激活因子1、降钙素基因相关肽1上调，细胞毒性t淋巴细胞蛋白4、去甲素、晶状体纤维主要内在蛋白下调。这些蛋白参与第二信使信号和药物反应途径，具有复杂的相互作用网络。人和狗蛋白的同源性在78.3%至100%之间，表明这些共享蛋白可能与跨物种牙周研究和诊断有关。

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引用次数: 0

Trained dogs can detect the odor of hemangiosarcoma in canine blood samples 经过训练的狗可以在狗的血液样本中发现血管肉瘤的气味。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106522

Clara Wilson , Samantha Holden , Julianna King , Amritha Mallikarjun , Molly Buis , Cynthia M. Otto

Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a common, aggressive, and deadly vascular cancer in dogs that is usually diagnosed only at advanced stages. Because treatment options are limited once HSA is advanced, early detection is essential to improving survival and quality of life. Five trained bio-detection dogs were evaluated using double-blinded tests with automated olfactometer line-ups containing blood serum samples from dogs with confirmed HSA, non-cancerous diseases other than HSA (diseased controls), and healthy controls. All test samples were novel to the dogs. Across all 423 blinded trials, accuracy was 70.0 % (range = 57.1–78.6 %). First-trial accuracy, representing each dog’s initial response to a novel matched sample set, averaged 70.0 % (range = 58.3–83.3 %). When considering each dog’s first encounter with each sample, dogs achieved an overall sensitivity of 70.0 % and specificity of 70.0 %. A mixed-effects logistic regression showed that dogs alerted to HSA samples in 73.4 % of presentations, compared with 21.3 % of diseased controls and 17.1 % of healthy controls. Dogs were over 10 times more likely to alert to HSA than to diseased controls (OR = 10.2, p < .001) and over 13 times more likely than to healthy controls (OR = 13.3, p < .001). This study finds that trained dogs can distinguish serum samples from dogs with HSA from those of healthy and diseased controls, indicating that HSA produces a detectable odor signature. Conclusions are constrained by the limited number of HSA samples. These results suggest a potential feasibility of VOC-based detection for canine HSA.

血管肉瘤（HSA）是一种常见的、侵袭性的、致命的血管癌，通常只有在晚期才被诊断出来。由于一旦HSA进展，治疗选择有限，因此早期发现对于改善生存和生活质量至关重要。5只经过训练的生物检测犬采用双盲试验，采用自动嗅觉仪对血清样本进行评估，这些血清样本分别来自确诊HSA、非HSA的非癌性疾病（患病对照组）和健康对照组。所有的测试样本对狗来说都是新的。在所有423项盲法试验中，准确率为70.0%（范围= 57.1%至78.6%）。首试准确率，代表每只狗对新的匹配样本集的初始反应，平均为70.0%（范围= 58.3%至83.3%）。当考虑到每只狗第一次遇到每个样本时，狗的总体灵敏度为70.0%，特异性为70.0%。混合效应逻辑回归显示，73.4%的狗对HSA样本有反应，而患病对照组为21.3%，健康对照组为17.1%。狗对HSA的警觉性是患病对照的10倍以上(OR = 10.2, p

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引用次数: 0