Veterinary journal最新文献_第2页

Comprehensive surveillance of fowl adenovirus in the Americas reveals the circulation of multiple serotypes and evidence of recombination 对美洲家禽腺病毒的全面监测揭示了多种血清型的流行和重组的证据

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106563

Ruy D. Chacón , Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira , Henrique Lage Hagemann , Dilan Suárez-Agüero , Alex Laurindo da Silva , Priscilla Cavalcante Rocha , Claudia Carranza , Mario S. Assayag Jr , Jorge L. Chacón , Antonio J. Piantino Ferreira

Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) comprise five species and twelve serotypes that infect chickens, several of which are associated with disease and significant economic losses in poultry farming. Although they are globally distributed, molecular characterization studies remain limited in many regions. This study aimed to elucidate the frequency and circulation of FAdV serotypes in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. FAdV detection was conducted using qPCR and hexon gene sequencing on samples from chicken farms in Brazil, Peru, Guyana, Colombia, and El Salvador. In Brazil, FAdV was detected in 21.26 % of broiler flocks, 14.75 % of layer flocks, and 7.71 % of breeder flocks. A weekly increase in the positivity rate was observed in broilers (R² = 0.9356). FAdV was detected from the first day of life and persisted in long-lived layer and breeder flocks, up to 94 and 70 weeks of age, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses revealed serotypes FAdV-1, FAdV-2, FAdV-4, FAdV-6, FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 in Brazil; FAdV-8b and FAdV-11 in Peru; FAdV-6 in Colombia; FAdV-4 and FAdV-11 in Guyana; and FAdV-11 in El Salvador. Overall, FAdV-11, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b were the most prevalent serotypes in the region. Notably, recombination signals involving sequences related to FAdV-6, FAdV-7, and FAdV-8b were detected in a Brazilian strain (USP-2858–3). These findings update the epidemiological landscape of FAdVs in the Americas, highlight the need for continued molecular surveillance and serotype monitoring to strengthen regional immunisation strategies, and contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and emergence of potential new FAdV genotypes.

禽腺病毒（FAdVs）包括感染鸡的5种和12种血清型，其中一些与家禽养殖中的疾病和重大经济损失有关。虽然它们在全球分布，但在许多地区的分子表征研究仍然有限。本研究旨在阐明南美、中美洲和加勒比地区FAdV血清型的频率和传播。对巴西、秘鲁、圭亚那、哥伦比亚和萨尔瓦多的养鸡场样本采用qPCR和六邻体基因测序进行FAdV检测。在巴西，肉鸡、蛋鸡和种鸡的FAdV检出率分别为21.26% %、14.75% %和7.71% %。肉鸡阳性率呈周递增趋势（R²= 0.9356）。FAdV从出生第一天就被检测到，并在长寿命的蛋鸡和种鸡群中持续存在，分别持续到94周龄和70周龄。系统发育分析在巴西发现FAdV-1、FAdV-2、FAdV-4、FAdV-6、fadva、FAdV-8b和FAdV-11血清型；秘鲁的FAdV-8b和FAdV-11；哥伦比亚的FAdV-6；FAdV-4和FAdV-11在圭亚那；以及萨尔瓦多的FAdV-11。总体而言，FAdV-11、FAdV-8a和FAdV-8b是该地区最常见的血清型。值得注意的是，在巴西菌株（USP-2858-3）中检测到涉及fadv6、fadv7和fadv8b相关序列的重组信号。这些发现更新了美洲FAdV的流行病学格局，强调需要继续进行分子监测和血清型监测，以加强区域免疫战略，并有助于更好地了解潜在的新FAdV基因型的演变和出现。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal patterns, co-infections, and risk factors of PaBV, BFDV, and APV in pet psittacine birds traded in Thailand 泰国交易宠物鹦鹉中PaBV、BFDV和APV的时间模式、共感染和危险因素

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106562

A. Saechin , P. Sedwisai , C. Mongkolphan , R. Boonyarittichaikij , S. Tangsudjai

The legal trade of psittacine birds presents both economic opportunities and challenges, particularly in disease management. This study investigates the prevalence and co-infection dynamics of parrot bornavirus (PaBV), beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), and avian polyomavirus (APV) in psittacine birds traded in Thailand from 2020 to 2024. The study population consisted of clinically healthy birds. Molecular diagnostic testing identified PaBV and BFDV in 7.17 % and 7.94 % of samples, respectively, with significantly higher detection rates in birds from the Psittaculidae family (p < 0.001). APV was infrequently detected (0.57 %) and showed no significant variation across host families (p = 0.139). No significant associations were observed between viral prevalence and sex. Viral co-infections were identified in 0.52 % of birds, most commonly involving PaBV and BFDV. Among virus-positive individuals, the proportion of co-infections was highest in APV-positive birds (24.14 %), followed by PaBV (8.88 %) and BFDV (6.81 %). Temporal variation was observed in the monthly prevalence of PaBV and BFDV. However, further investigation is required to determine whether these fluctuations are associated with specific seasonal patterns. Our study emphasized the necessity of routine screening for PaBV, BFDV, and APV, which should be implemented, including clinically healthy birds, as clinically unaffected individuals may act as hidden reservoirs and contribute significantly to the ongoing disease burden within captive psittacine populations. Awareness of species-specific infection patterns and potential temporal variation can facilitate more targeted and effective disease monitoring in aviaries.

鹦鹉的合法贸易既带来了经济机遇，也带来了挑战，特别是在疾病管理方面。本研究调查了2020 - 2024年在泰国交易的鹦鹉雀鸟中鹦鹉博尔纳病毒（PaBV）、喙羽病病毒（BFDV）和禽多瘤病毒（APV）的流行情况和共感染动态。研究种群由临床健康的鸟类组成。分子诊断检测中，PaBV和BFDV的检出率分别为7.17% %和7.94% %，其中psitachoudiae科鸟类的检出率显著高于其他禽类（p <； 0.001）。APV很少被检测到（0.57 %），并且在寄宿家庭之间没有显著差异（p = 0.139）。没有观察到病毒流行率与性别之间的显著关联。在0.52% %的鸟类中发现病毒合并感染，最常见的是PaBV和BFDV。在病毒阳性个体中，apv阳性鸟类共感染比例最高（24.14 %），其次是PaBV（8.88 %）和BFDV（6.81 %）。PaBV和BFDV的月患病率有时间变化。然而，需要进一步调查以确定这些波动是否与特定的季节模式有关。我们的研究强调了对PaBV、BFDV和APV进行常规筛查的必要性，这些筛查应该在临床健康的鸟类中实施，因为临床未受影响的个体可能是隐藏的宿主，并在圈养鹦鹉种群中造成持续的疾病负担。了解特定物种的感染模式和潜在的时间变化有助于在鸟舍中进行更有针对性和更有效的疾病监测。

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引用次数: 0

Ineffective oral immunization of wild boar with the attenuated African swine fever virus NH/P68 grown in MA104 cell line MA104细胞系培养的非洲猪瘟NH/P68减毒病毒口服免疫野猪无效

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106554

Aleksandra Kosowska , Mónica Sánchez-Segovia , Jovita Fernández-Pinero , Néstor Porras , Sandra Barroso-Arévalo , Lidia Sánchez-Morales , Marta Díaz-Frutos , José A. Barasona

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, with serious consequences for animal health, the swine industry, and socio-economic stability. Given the lack of effective treatments and the limited success of conventional control measures, live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have emerged as the most promising option, particularly for oral administration in free-ranging wild boar. The naturally attenuated genotype I isolate NH/P68 has shown protective potential in domestic pigs but retains residual virulence and persistence risks. To increase attenuation and facilitate large-scale production, the isolate was adapted to the MA104 continuous cell line. In this study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of NH/P68-MA104 in wild boar using an oral prime-boost immunization protocol (a primary dose of 10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL followed by two booster doses of 10⁵ TCID₅₀/mL), followed by a challenge with 10 HAD₅₀/mL of the virulent genotype II Armenia07 (Arm07) isolate. Oral administration of NH/P68-MA104 was safe, with no adverse effects observed throughout the vaccination period. Only one animal developed transient viremia, which was accompanied by clinical signs and a detectable antibody response. Two additional animals showed mild viremia, while the remaining animals displayed no evidence of infection or seroconversion before the challenge. After the challenge, vaccinated wild boar were not protected: all animals developed fever, viremia, and clinical signs consistent with acute ASF and succumbed at 14 ± 3 days post-challenge (dpc), comparable to in-contact and intramuscularly (IM) infected controls. These results demonstrate that oral immunization of wild boar with NH/P68-MA104 is safe but ineffective under the tested conditions. Continued research is needed to refine vaccine candidates and delivery strategies to achieve effective immunization of wild boar.

非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种影响家猪和野猪的高度传染性和致命性出血性疾病，对动物健康、养猪业和社会经济稳定造成严重后果。鉴于缺乏有效的治疗方法和传统控制措施的有限成功，减毒活疫苗（lav）已成为最有希望的选择，特别是对自由放养的野猪口服。自然减毒基因I型分离株NH/P68在家猪中显示出保护潜力，但仍有残留毒力和持续性风险。为了增加衰减量，便于大规模生产，将分离物适应于MA104连续细胞系。在这项研究中，我们使用口服初始强化免疫方案评估了NH/P68-MA104在野猪中的安全性和有效性（初级剂量为10⁴TCID₅₀/mL，然后两次强化剂量为10⁴TCID₅₀/mL），然后用10 HAD₅₀/mL的毒性基因型II Armenia07 （Arm07）分离物进行挑战。口服NH/P68-MA104是安全的，在整个接种期间未观察到不良反应。只有一只动物出现了短暂的病毒血症，并伴有临床症状和可检测到的抗体反应。另外两只动物表现出轻度病毒血症，而其余动物在攻击前没有表现出感染或血清转化的证据。攻击后，接种疫苗的野猪没有受到保护：所有动物都出现发烧、病毒血症和与急性非洲猪瘟一致的临床症状，并在攻击后14 ± 3天死亡，与接触和肌肉注射（IM）感染的对照相当。结果表明，NH/P68-MA104在试验条件下口服免疫野猪是安全的，但无效。需要继续研究以改进候选疫苗和递送策略，以实现对野猪的有效免疫。

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引用次数: 0

A reproducible, host-free feeding system for adult Haemaphysalis longicornis 一种可复制的、无宿主的长角血蜱成虫饲养系统

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106561

Abdul Ghafar , Bahar E. Mustafa , Charles Gauci , Ian Beveridge , Robin B. Gasser , Ard M. Nijhof , Abdul Jabbar

Haemaphysalis longicornis is a parthenogenetic three-host tick that has expanded from East Asia into Australasia and the Americas, where it poses increasing veterinary and public-health concern. Yet, laboratory research has been constrained partly by the absence of a reliable artificial feeding system. Here, we establish and optimise an artificial, host-free in vitro feeding platform for adult H. longicornis, utilising a thin silicone membrane that overcomes the species’ short hypostome and limited mouthpart mobility. Across six independent experiments using field-collected parthenogenetic adult females from Australia, 67 % (35/52) of ticks attached and 74.3 % (26/35) engorged, achieving a mean engorgement weight of 161 mg (range: 44.8–275 mg), a mean egg mass of 67 mg (11.4–137 mg) and mean bloodmeal-to-egg conversion efficiency of 40 % (range: 16.7–59.9 %). All engorged females oviposited and produced viable larvae, with egg hatchability exceeding 92 % (mean ∼98 %) and engorgement weight strongly associating with fecundity (r = 0.82). Feeding was completed within 2–7 days, comparable to, or shorter than, feeding on live hosts; hair extract treatment did not enhance feeding or reproductive performance. This host-free system essentially replicates natural feeding performance under controlled laboratory conditions and supports the complete reproductive cycle of adult H. longicornis without an animal host. It provides a reproducible and ethical platform for acaricide and vaccine discovery and studies of tick physiology and pathogen–vector interactions, establishing a foundation for standardised, scalable and welfare-compliant tick research within a One Health framework.

长角血蜱是一种单性生殖的三宿主蜱虫，已从东亚扩展到大洋洲和美洲，在这些地区引起越来越多的兽医和公共卫生关注。然而，实验室研究一直受到限制，部分原因是缺乏可靠的人工喂养系统。在这里，我们建立并优化了一个人工的、无宿主的成年长角天牛体外饲养平台，利用薄硅胶膜克服了该物种短的假设体和有限的口器移动能力。通过对澳大利亚野外采集的单性生殖成年雌蜱进行的6次独立实验，发现67% %（35/52）的蜱虫附身，74.3% %（26/35）的蜱虫吸血，平均吸血重量为161 mg（范围：44.8 ~ 275 mg），平均卵质量为67 mg(11.4 ~ 137 mg)，平均血-肉-卵转化效率为40 %（范围：16.7 ~ 59.9 %）。所有充血的雌虫都产卵并产生了可存活的幼虫，卵的孵化率超过92 %（平均~ 98 %），充血重量与繁殖力密切相关（r = 0.82）。摄食在2-7天内完成，与对活宿主的摄食相当或更短；毛发提取物处理没有提高饲养性能和繁殖性能。这种无宿主系统基本上复制了受控实验室条件下的自然摄食性能，并支持成年长角锥虫在没有动物宿主的情况下的完整生殖周期。它为杀螨剂和疫苗的发现以及蜱虫生理学和病原体-媒介相互作用的研究提供了一个可重复和合乎道德的平台，为在“同一个健康”框架内进行标准化、可扩展和符合福利的蜱虫研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Rewiring canine anxiety: The impact of accelerated HF-rTMS on brain perfusion and behavioral outcomes in dogs 犬类焦虑的重新编码：加速高频- rtms对犬脑灌注和行为结果的影响。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106559

Sofie Salden , Yangfeng Xu , Stefanie De Smet , Kathelijne Peremans , Sara De Witte , Andre Dobbeleir , Ann Van Eeckhaut , Jimmy H. Saunders , Anouck Haverbeke , Chris Baeken

Canine anxiety disorders significantly affect both pet dogs and their owners, highlighting the need for effective treatment approaches. Given the promising effects of accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (arTMS) in human medicine, this study explores its effects as a potential intervention for canine anxiety disorders. In this open-label trial, 20 dogs diagnosed with an anxiety disorder underwent two accelerated high-frequency rTMS (aHF-rTMS) treatment courses targeting the left frontal cortex, administered one month apart. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) at baseline and at multiple follow-up time points, while single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Following the second aHF-rTMS treatment course, significant reductions in social and nonsocial fear were detected, compared to baseline. In total, 56 % of the dogs were classified as responders, achieving a ≥ 20 % reduction in C-BARQ scores. SPECT imaging revealed progressive rCBF increases in the left frontal and subcortical regions in all dogs, while cerebellar perfusion changes were specific to responders only. No baseline factors reliably predicted treatment response. These findings suggest that aHF-rTMS can modulate brain perfusion and improve anxiety-related behaviors in dogs, positioning it as a promising therapeutic tool in veterinary behavioral medicine, while further bolstering the canine brain as a valid translational animal model for human noninvasive brain stimulation research.

犬类焦虑症对宠物狗及其主人都有显著影响，因此需要有效的治疗方法。鉴于加速重复经颅磁刺激（a- rtms）在人类医学中的良好效果，本研究探讨了其作为犬焦虑障碍的潜在干预措施的效果。在这项开放标签试验中，20只被诊断患有焦虑症的狗接受了两次针对左额叶皮质的加速高频rTMS （aHF-rTMS）治疗，间隔一个月。在基线和多个随访时间点使用犬行为评估和研究问卷（C-BARQ）进行行为评估，同时使用单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）测量区域脑血流量（rCBF）。在第二次aHF-rTMS治疗过程中，与基线相比，发现社交和非社交恐惧显著减少。总的来说，56%的狗被归类为应答者，C-BARQ评分降低≥20%。SPECT成像显示，所有狗的左额叶和皮层下区域的rCBF进行性增加，而小脑灌注变化仅针对应答者。没有基线因素可靠地预测治疗反应。这些发现表明，aHF-rTMS可以调节狗的脑灌注，改善狗的焦虑相关行为，使其成为一种有前景的兽医行为医学治疗工具，同时进一步支持犬脑作为人类无创脑刺激研究的有效转化动物模型。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling speed and inter-race intervals to assess post-race recovery in racing greyhounds 模拟速度和比赛间隔，以评估赛灰狗的赛后恢复。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106555

Richard M. Payne

The recovery of greyhounds post-race has important welfare implications, primarily to avoid over-running and prevent greyhounds with subclinical injuries from racing. Both situations could reasonably be expected to reduce speed, which may be identified by comparing the successive race performances of individual greyhounds. The focus of this analysis was on reportedly sound greyhounds. Thus, the hypothesis was that changes in speed could be linked with the inter-race intervals, and that shorter inter-race intervals would compromise glycogen restoration and therefore affect performance in subsequent races. A dataset contained 206,686 runs made by 12,883 reportedly sound GBGB-licenced greyhounds and was analysed using multilevel (mixed effects) models. Speed was slightly elevated above baseline from two days between races and declined over increasing inter-race periods up to 12 days between races. Inter-race intervals of two or more days had no biologically significant effects and were less than the normal variations in speed. Due to an absence of data for one day between races, this period could not be modelled. The findings are consistent with the fact that glycogen stores are normally restored by two days after fast exercise, and a ruling that greyhounds should not race more frequently than every fourth day is reasonable and would include greyhounds which might take slightly longer to recover. Performance depression after four days’ rest might suggest a subclinical injury. Expanded datasets are required to determine the effect of a one-day gap between races.

赛狗在赛后的恢复具有重要的福利意义，主要是为了避免过度奔跑，防止赛狗在比赛中出现亚临床损伤。这两种情况都可以合理地预期会降低速度，这可以通过比较单个灰狗的连续比赛表现来确定。这一分析的重点是据说是健全的灰狗。因此，假设速度的变化可能与比赛间歇有关，而较短的比赛间歇会损害糖原的恢复，从而影响随后比赛的表现。数据集包含了由12883只拥有gbgb执照的灰狗进行的206686次奔跑，并使用多层（混合效果）模型进行了分析。比赛间隔两天的速度略高于基线，随着比赛间隔时间的增加，速度下降至比赛间隔12天。两天或更长时间的赛跑间隔在生物学上没有显著的影响，而且比正常的速度变化要小。由于两场比赛之间缺少一天的数据，这段时间无法建模。这一发现与糖原储存通常在快速运动后两天内恢复的事实是一致的，一项关于灰狗不应超过每四天比赛一次的裁决是合理的，其中包括可能需要稍长时间才能恢复的灰狗。休息四天后表现下降可能提示亚临床损伤。需要扩展数据集来确定比赛间隔一天的影响。

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引用次数: 0

The genital route in experimental infection with Leptospira spp. in hamsters as a model for genital leptospirosis 鼠体钩端螺旋体实验感染的生殖途径作为生殖钩端螺旋体病模型。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106558

Soares KCRS, Roussouliéres IS, Barbosa CS, Lilenbaum W

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonosis that affects livestock reproduction. The causative Leptospira spp. are highly adaptable and can colonize a wide range of hosts. Although the intraperitoneal (IP) route is commonly used in experimental models, it bypasses mucosal barriers and does not reflect natural transmission. In contrast, mucosal routes, such as the intravaginal (IVG) route, more closely mimic natural infection but remain poorly investigated. This study evaluated the IVG route as an experimental model for reproductive leptospirosis using adult female golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) inoculated with Leptospira santarosai serovar Guaricura via IVG or IP routes. To enhance susceptibility and standardization, IVG inoculations were performed exclusively during the proestrus or estrus stages, as determined by vaginal cytology. Animals were monitored for up to 40 days and assessed by serology and PCR. IVG-inoculated animals developed systemic infection and genital colonization, although bacteremia occurred later than in the IP group. Both groups elicited similar humoral immune responses from day 7 onward, with animals remaining seropositive until the end of the study. Renal and genital colonization was confirmed by PCR in both groups, with no significant differences. Importantly, 60 % of IVG-inoculated animals remained PCR-positive in genital tissues for up to 40 days, indicating persistent subclinical infection. No clinical signs were observed in any of the groups. The IVG route proved effective in establishing chronic infection and better simulates the natural course of animal genital leptospirosis, supporting its use as a physiologically relevant experimental model.

钩端螺旋体病是一种全球分布的影响牲畜繁殖的人畜共患病。致病性钩端螺旋体具有很强的适应性，可以在广泛的宿主中定植。虽然在实验模型中通常采用腹腔内（IP）途径，但它绕过粘膜屏障，不反映自然传播。相比之下，粘膜途径，如阴道内（IVG）途径，更接近于模拟自然感染，但仍缺乏研究。本研究以成年雌性金色叙利亚地鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）为实验对象，通过IVG或IP途径接种圣钩端螺旋体，评估IVG途径作为生殖钩端螺旋体病的实验模型。为了提高易感性和标准化，IVG接种仅在发情前期或发情期进行，根据阴道细胞学确定。对动物进行长达40天的监测，并通过血清学和PCR进行评估。接种ivg的动物出现全身感染和生殖器定植，尽管菌血症发生的时间晚于IP组。从第7天开始，两组动物都产生了相似的体液免疫反应，直到研究结束，动物都保持血清阳性。两组的肾脏和生殖器定植均经PCR证实，差异无统计学意义。重要的是，60%接种了ivg的动物在生殖器组织中保持pcr阳性长达40天，表明持续的亚临床感染。两组均未见临床症状。经证实，IVG途径在建立慢性感染方面是有效的，并且能够更好地模拟动物生殖器钩端螺旋体病的自然过程，支持其作为生理学相关的实验模型。

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引用次数: 0

Saccharomyces cerevisiae postbiotics supplementation from gestation to weaning: Impacts on performance and immunity in pigs under low-biosecurity conditions 妊娠至断奶期间补充酿酒酵母后生物制剂：低生物安全条件下对猪生产性能和免疫力的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106556

Thi Hien Bui , Dinh Phung Le , Thi Dung Ho , Nguyen Van Chao , Hoang Son Hung Pham , Thi Hoa Nguyen , Van Dung Dinh , Anjan Mondal , Victor Nsereko , Duc Thao Le

This study investigated the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation-derived postbiotics (SCFP) on reproductive performance and immunity of sows and their offspring from gestation to weaning in a low biosecurity, small-scale pig production system. Ninety sows were randomly assigned to 3 treatments: a control group (CON; standard basal diet), β-glucan (BG; basal diet + 1.0 kg/MT β-glucan 50), and SCFP (basal diet + 2.0 kg/MT Diamond V XPC). The diets were provided to sows from the inseminated day until their piglets were weaned and to piglets from 10 days of age until weaning. Reproductive performance of sows was evaluated based on litter size at birth, 24 h postpartum, and at weaning; number of stillbirth and mummified piglets per sow; and piglets body weight at birth and at weaning. Blood samples were collected from sows to determine antibody titer against foot and mouth disease (FMD). Maternally derived antibody (MDA) against FMD and Mycoplasma hyopneumonia (M. hyopneumonia) after vaccination were also assessed in the piglets. Dietary supplementation of SCFP and BG in sows had no significant effect on reproductive performance (P > 0.05). BG also did not enhance the immune response to FMD vaccination (P >0.05) or the MDA levels of FMD in piglets. However, SCFP supplementation in sows significantly enhanced their immune response to FMD vaccination (P <0.05) but did not influence the passive immunity transfer to piglets. Furthermore, SCFP and BG supplementation in the diets of sows and their piglets did not significantly affect the piglets' immune response following M. hyopneumoniae vaccination. In summary, SCFP and BG showed minimal effects on reproductive performance and piglet immunity, while SCFP selectively enhanced the sows’ immune response to FMD vaccination without affecting passive immunity transfer to piglets.

本研究在低生物安全性的小规模生猪生产系统中，研究了酿酒酵母发酵后生物制剂（SCFP）对母猪及其子代妊娠至断奶期间生殖性能和免疫力的影响。90头母猪随机分为3个处理：对照组（CON，标准基础饲粮）、β-葡聚糖组（BG，基础饲粮+ 1.0kg/MT β-葡聚糖50）和SCFP组（基础饲粮+ 2.0kg/MT Diamond V XPC）。母猪从授精日起至仔猪断奶，仔猪10日龄至仔猪断奶。根据母猪出生时、产后24小时和断奶时的产仔数评估母猪的繁殖性能；每头母猪死产和干尸仔猪数；仔猪出生和断奶时的体重。采集母猪血液样本，测定口蹄疫（FMD）抗体滴度。同时对接种后仔猪抗口蹄疫和肺炎支原体的母源抗体（MDA）进行了检测。饲粮中添加SCFP和BG对母猪繁殖性能无显著影响（P < 0.05）。BG也没有提高仔猪对口蹄疫疫苗的免疫应答（P < 0.05）或口蹄疫MDA水平。然而，在母猪中添加SCFP可显著增强其对口蹄疫疫苗的免疫应答(P

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引用次数: 0

Exosomal microRNA profiling reveals candidate biomarkers and regulatory signatures associated with paratuberculosis disease status in goats 外泌体microRNA分析揭示了山羊副结核病疾病状态相关的候选生物标志物和调控特征。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106553

Eun-Yeong Bok , Tae Yoon Kim , Sang-Young Seo , Han-Gyu Lee , Young-Hun Jung , Seong Hwan Bae , Nam Su Oh , Tae Jin Cho , Hyeon Woo Park , Eui Cheol Shin , Jae Kyeom Kim

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is difficult to diagnose in the subclinical stage(s) because of intermittent shedding and nonspecific immune responses. Given their stability and potential as biomarkers, exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated in this study to identify serum-derived candidates associated with Paratuberculosis-associated disease stages in goats. Exosomes were isolated from the serum of three groups: Control (ELISA- and PCR-negative), ENPP (ELISA-negative but PCR-positive), and EPPP (ELISA- and PCR-positive). After exosome characterization, small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) and their predicted regulatory targets. Functional enrichment, upstream regulator, and network analyses were then applied to interpret the biological relevance of the identified DEmiRs. Among the candidates, miR-122 and miR-21–5p were consistently upregulated in infected animals and were associated with immune modulation, epithelial integrity, and inflammation. Finally, quantitative PCR validation confirmed a significant elevation of these miRNAs in the EPPP group, supporting their potential as late-stage biomarkers. Our findings demonstrate that exosomal miRNA profiling can reflect MAP infection status and highlight their potential utility as non-invasive biomarkers for Paratuberculosis monitoring in veterinary settings.

副结核（约翰氏病）是一种由鸟分枝杆菌亚种副结核（MAP）引起的慢性肉芽肿性肠炎，由于间歇性脱落和非特异性免疫反应，在亚临床阶段很难诊断。考虑到它们的稳定性和作为生物标志物的潜力，本研究对外泌体microRNAs （miRNAs）进行了研究，以确定山羊副结核相关疾病阶段相关的血清来源候选物。从三组血清中分离外泌体：对照组（ELISA阴性和pcr阴性）、ENPP （ELISA阴性但pcr阳性）和EPPP （ELISA阳性和pcr阳性）。外泌体表征后，进行小RNA测序和生物信息学分析，以鉴定差异表达的miRNAs （demir）及其预测的调控靶点。然后应用功能富集、上游调节因子和网络分析来解释鉴定的demir的生物学相关性。在候选物中，miR-122和miR-21-5p在感染动物中持续上调，并与免疫调节、上皮完整性和炎症有关。最后，定量PCR验证证实了这些mirna在EPPP组中的显著升高，支持它们作为晚期生物标志物的潜力。我们的研究结果表明，外泌体miRNA分析可以反映MAP感染状态，并突出了它们作为兽医环境中副结核病监测的非侵入性生物标志物的潜在用途。

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引用次数: 0

Point-of-need visual test for the detection of γ-glutamyltransferase in calf serum 犊牛血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶检测的定点目测法

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106552

Mònica Campàs , Martina Tolós , Sandra Leonardo , Lourdes Llonch , Maria Devant , Yolanda Saco , Anna Bassols , Sònia Martí

Adequate colostrum intake is critical for the passive transfer of immunity in calves, and serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2) is a potential indicator. However, conventional assays for its detection require laboratory facilities, limiting their use in the field. Herein, a simple visual test has been developed for the semi-quantitative determination of serum GGT using immobilized reagents on paper supports. The enzyme substrate, drop volume, and membrane type were optimized, with γ-L-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide, 10 µL drop volume, and a binder-free microfiber glass membrane providing the best performance. The visual test showed a limit of semi-quantification (LOSQ) of 39 U/L, while digital analysis slightly improved the sensitivity. When applied to calf serum samples, the test reliably reflected GGT evolution: negligible at birth, peak activity at 2 days (corresponding to colostrum intake), declining by day 14, and further decreasing at day 18. The visual test showed strong agreement with the conventional enzyme assay (κ = 0.94), correctly estimating 26 out of 31 samples (84 %), and digital analysis of the membranes correlated even more closely (R = 0.9924). This point-of-need (PON) device offers a rapid, low-cost, and practical tool for on-farm monitoring of colostrum intake, supporting early detection of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) and improved calf health management.

充足的初乳摄入对于犊牛免疫的被动转移至关重要，血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT; EC 2.3.2.2）是一个潜在的指标。然而，传统的检测方法需要实验室设施，限制了它们在现场的使用。在此，一种简单的视觉测试已经开发用于半定量测定血清GGT使用固定试剂在纸的支持。对酶底物、滴体积和膜类型进行了优化，其中γ-L-谷氨酰-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺滴体积为10 µL，无粘结剂的超细玻璃纤维膜性能最佳。目测显示半定量限（LOSQ）为39 U/L，而数字分析略微提高了灵敏度。当应用于犊牛血清样品时，该试验可靠地反映了GGT的演变：出生时可以忽略不计，在第2天（与初乳摄入量相对应）达到峰值，在第14天下降，在第18天进一步下降。目测结果与常规酶分析结果非常吻合（κ = 0.94），正确估计了31个样品中的26个（84 %），而膜的数字分析相关性更紧密（R = 0.9924）。这种需求点（PON）装置提供了一种快速、低成本和实用的工具，用于农场监测初乳摄入量，支持早期发现被动免疫转移（FTPI）失败并改善小牛健康管理。

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引用次数: 0