Veterinary journal最新文献_第2页

Field-deployable molecular workflow for detection, resistance screening, and genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis 牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌检测、耐药性筛选和基因分型的现场可部署分子工作流程。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106583

Tewodros Fentahun Jember , Mark E. Westman , Sameer Dinkar Pant , Seyed Ali Ghorashi

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common cause of cow-associated bovine mastitis and continues to pose a challenge in dairy herds. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective control and treatment of the infection. This study developed a field-adapted molecular workflow combining a simple DNA extraction method with a colourimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the nuc gene for S. aureus detection, and a second LAMP assay targeting the mecA gene to identify methicillin resistance. LAMP results were benchmarked against PCR using 14 milk samples confirmed as S. aureus-positive by culture and MALDI-TOF MS. A secondary aim of the study was to investigate the genetic diversity of S. aureus isolates from cases of bovine mastitis in Australia by analysis of the spa gene. The spa genotyping was carried out using PCR followed by high-resolution melt (HRM) curve analysis, supported by a mathematical model based on genotype confidence percentage (GCP) values and validated by DNA sequencing. The nuc-LAMP assay demonstrated 89.5 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity relative to PCR, while the mecA-LAMP assay showed complete agreement with PCR in identifying methicillin-susceptible isolates. Among 14 positive milk samples, nine distinct spa types were identified by sequencing, reflecting high genetic diversity. The GCP-based model provided a reproducible and objective method for assigning spa types, even when melt curve differences were subtle. This integrated, low-cost approach offers a practical solution for point-of-care mastitis diagnostics and antimicrobial resistance monitoring using LAMP, particularly suited to resource-limited and remote farm settings, followed by laboratory-based spa genotyping through HRM for strain characterisation.

金黄色葡萄球菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）是奶牛相关性乳腺炎的常见原因，并继续对奶牛群构成挑战。早期准确诊断对有效控制和治疗感染至关重要。本研究开发了一种适合现场的分子工作流程，将简单的DNA提取方法与针对nuc基因的比色环介导等温扩增（LAMP）方法结合起来检测金黄色葡萄球菌，并采用针对mecA基因的第二种LAMP方法检测甲氧西林耐药性。利用14份经培养和MALDI-TOF ms证实为金黄色葡萄球菌阳性的牛奶样品，将LAMP结果与PCR结果进行对照。本研究的第二个目的是通过分析spa基因来研究澳大利亚牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的遗传多样性。spa基因分型采用PCR进行，然后进行高分辨率熔融（HRM）曲线分析，基于基因型置信度（GCP）值的数学模型支持，并通过DNA测序进行验证。nuc-LAMP检测相对于PCR的敏感性为89.5%，特异性为100%，而mecA-LAMP检测在鉴定甲氧西林敏感菌株方面与PCR完全一致。在14份阳性乳样品中，通过测序鉴定出9种不同的spa类型，反映出较高的遗传多样性。基于gcp的模型为分配spa类型提供了一种可重复和客观的方法，即使熔体曲线差异很微妙。这种综合的低成本方法为使用LAMP进行即时乳腺炎诊断和抗菌素耐药性监测提供了一种实用的解决方案，特别适用于资源有限和偏远的农场环境，然后通过人力资源管理进行基于实验室的spa基因分型，以进行菌株特征分析。

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引用次数: 0

Exploration of the prevalence and production impact of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection in the sheep populations of Great Britain and New Zealand 禽分枝杆菌亚种流行及对生产影响的探讨。英国和新西兰绵羊群体中的副结核（MAP）感染。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106600

Laura Worsley , Anne Ridler , Amy Wedley , Joanna Urbaniec , Peers Davies

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a prevalent, obligate pathogen of many wild and domestic species with a global distribution. MAP prevalence, epidemiology and production impact has been extensively studied in cattle whilst comparatively little research has been conducted on sheep. The aim of this project was to assess the prevalence of MAP in Great Britain (GB) and New Zealand (NZ) using faecal PCR and describe the relationship between MAP faecal shedding, reproductive failure (as determined by ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis) and longevity. A total of 162 farms in GB and 76 in NZ were sampled using a combination of individual and pooled faecal sampling frames of which 70 % of GB flocks and 88 % of NZ flocks tested positive for MAP. MAP shedding was associated with a 3 times increased risk of reproductive failure and significantly higher flock replacement rates in infected flocks. Reproductive failure is an important cause of forced culling in commercial flocks, leading to higher replacement rates and reduced lifetime output per breeding ewe. Excess culling and replacement costs due to preventable infectious disease reduce flock productivity, profitability and negatively impact sustainable lamb production. Effective control measures are available for MAP infected flocks but adoption is hampered primarily, but not exclusively, by poor recognition and underdiagnosis of the disease coupled with a poor awareness of the production limiting nature of the pathogen at the flock level.

鸟分枝杆菌亚种副结核（MAP）是一种流行的专性病原体，在许多野生和家养物种中具有全球分布。MAP的流行、流行病学和生产影响在牛中得到了广泛的研究，而在羊中进行的研究相对较少。本项目的目的是利用粪便PCR评估MAP在英国（GB）和新西兰（NZ）的患病率，并描述MAP粪便脱落、生殖失败（通过超声妊娠诊断确定）和寿命之间的关系。采用单独和联合粪便采样框架对GB的162个农场和新西兰的76个农场进行了采样，其中70%的GB鸡和88%的新西兰鸡的MAP检测呈阳性。在受感染的鸡群中，MAP脱落与繁殖失败风险增加3倍和鸡群置换率显著提高有关。繁殖失败是商业羊群被迫扑杀的重要原因，导致替换率升高和每只母羊寿命产出降低。由于可预防的传染病造成的过度扑杀和替换成本降低了羊群的生产力、盈利能力，并对可持续的羔羊生产产生负面影响。对受MAP感染的鸡群可采取有效的控制措施，但主要（但并非完全）由于对该病认识不足和诊断不足，以及在鸡群一级对病原体限制生产的性质认识不足而阻碍了采取控制措施。

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引用次数: 0

EEG-based quantification of chronic pain in cats: A proof-of-concept study using the Piq algorithm 基于脑电图的猫慢性疼痛量化：一项使用Piq算法的概念验证研究。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106608

Aliénor Delsart , Colince Segning , Aude Castel , Colombe Otis , Guillaume Dumas , Maxim Moreau , Bertrand Lussier , Rubens Da Silva , Karen Barros Parron Fernandes , Johanne Martel-Pelletier , Jean-Pierre Pelletier , Eric Troncy , Suzy Ngomo

While chronic pain assessment in household pets remains challenging, the use of non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) in cats has shown promise to identify pain more objectively in this species. A novel EEG-based algorithm – Pain identification and quantification (Piq) – was originally developed in humans to quantify pain intensity. In this proof-of-concept study, the objective was to evaluate whether the Piq algorithm could be explored for feasibility to identify and quantify chronic osteoarthritic (OA) pain in cats. Adult neutered cats (n = 5 including n = 2 with osteoarthritis, OA) were assessed for their functional impairment (Montreal instrument for cat arthritis testing for use by veterinarians, MI-CAT(V)) and neuro-sensitization at both peripheral (Paw Withdrawal Threshold, PWT) and spinal (response to mechanical temporal summation, RMTS) levels. Resting-state EEG recordings were acquired from Cz, C3/C4 under conscious and sedated conditions. The first five minutes of EEG data were analyzed using the Piq algorithm, with Piq scores ≥ 10 % used as an exploratory threshold transferred from human studies. Pain-free cats showed gamma frequency band Piq scores < 10 % while OA cats exceeded 10 % in both conscious and sedated conditions at Cz. Piq scores were negatively correlated with PWT, suggesting an increased neuro-sensitization with higher Piq scores. These preliminary findings suggest that the algorithm may capture gamma-band EEG patterns potentially associated with chronic OA pain in cats, consistent with prior evidence in humans. Despite the small sample size, this study demonstrates the feasibility of applying a human EEG-based pain quantification algorithm to OA cats, supporting its potential for future cross-species translation.

虽然家庭宠物的慢性疼痛评估仍然具有挑战性，但在猫身上使用非侵入性脑电图（EEG）已经显示出更客观地识别该物种疼痛的希望。一种新的基于脑电图的算法-疼痛识别和量化(Piq) -最初是在人类中开发的，用于量化疼痛强度。在这项概念验证研究中，目的是评估Piq算法是否可以探索识别和量化猫慢性骨关节炎（OA）疼痛的可行性。对成年绝育猫（n = 5，包括n = 2，患有骨关节炎，OA）的功能损害（兽医使用的猫关节炎测试蒙特利尔仪器，MI-CAT(V)）和外周（爪断阈值，PWT）和脊柱（机械时间总和反应，RMTS）水平的神经致敏性进行评估。在清醒和镇静状态下，从Cz、C3/C4获取静息状态脑电图记录。使用Piq算法分析前5分钟的脑电图数据，Piq得分≥ 10 %作为从人类研究转移的探索性阈值。无痛猫显示gamma频带Piq评分

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引用次数: 0

Effects of intravenous rehydration protocols based on an acetate-containing electrolyte solution, isotonic saline, and an isotonic mixture of saline/sodium bicarbonate on acid-base status and plasma electrolyte concentrations in calves with diarrhoea 以含乙酸酯电解质溶液、等渗盐水和等渗盐水/碳酸氢钠混合物为基础的静脉补液方案对腹泻犊牛酸碱状态和血浆电解质浓度的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106571

Dana Badura , Annette Lorch , Andrea Urgibl-Bauer , Antonia Kreuzer , Ingrid Lorenz , Yury Zablotski , Florian M. Trefz

Strong ion (metabolic) acidosis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances are common in neonatal calves with diarrhoea. Balanced crystalloids may provide advantages for rehydration purposes in those animals due to their polyionic composition and higher buffer capacity compared to conventional buffer-free fluids such as 0.9 % NaCl. This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of three infusion solutions - an acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solution (Sterofundin® ISO; Stero), 0.9 % saline (NaCl), and an isotonic saline-sodium bicarbonate mixture (NaClBic) - on acid-base status and plasma electrolyte concentrations in neonatal calves with diarrhoea. Thirty-three calves with diarrhoea, metabolic acidosis (plasma HCO₃^– < 25 mmol/L), and signs of clinical dehydration were enrolled. After initial correction of metabolic acidosis using 5.6 % sodium bicarbonate over 55 min, each of 11 calves randomly received one of the three infusion solutions at 8 mL/kg/h for 22 h. All three crystalloids had an acidifying effect, which was most pronounced in the NaCl group and least in the NaClBic group. At 18 and 24 h after initiation of treatment, plasma bicarbonate concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the Stero and NaCl groups compared to the NaClBic group. Hyperchloraemia was observed in calves treated with 0.9 % NaCl. No statistically significant differences in clinical variables or plasma potassium, magnesium, and calcium concentrations were observed between groups after 24 h. In conclusion, the acetate-containing balanced solution did not provide a clinically relevant advantage over NaCl and NaClBic. However, findings support the use of chloride-restricted solutions for rehydration purposes in dehydrated neonatal calves with diarrhoea.

强离子（代谢性）酸中毒，脱水和电解质失衡是常见的新生儿犊牛腹泻。与传统的无缓冲液（如0.9% NaCl）相比，平衡晶体具有多离子组成和更高的缓冲能力，可为这些动物的补液提供优势。这项随机临床试验旨在比较三种输注溶液——含醋酸盐的平衡电解质溶液（Sterofundin®ISO; Stero）、0.9%盐水（NaCl）和等渗盐水-碳酸氢钠混合物（NaClBic）——对腹泻新生儿犊牛酸碱状态和血浆电解质浓度的影响。共有33头犊牛出现腹泻、代谢性酸中毒（血浆HCO3 < 25mmol/L）和临床脱水症状。在使用5.6%碳酸氢钠初始纠正代谢性酸中毒55min后，11头犊牛随机接受三种输注溶液中的一种，每次8ml/kg/h，持续22小时。三种晶体均有酸化作用，其中NaCl组酸化效果最明显，NaClBic组酸化效果最小。治疗开始后18和24小时，与NaClBic组相比，Stero组和NaCl组血浆碳酸氢盐浓度显著降低（P < 0.05）。0.9% NaCl处理犊牛出现高氯血症。24h后两组临床变量及血浆钾、镁、钙浓度无统计学差异。总之，与NaCl和NaClBic相比，含醋酸盐的平衡溶液并没有提供临床相关的优势。然而，研究结果支持在患有腹泻的脱水新生小牛中使用限氯溶液进行补液。

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引用次数: 0

Biomechanical comparison of three locking plate constructs for stabilization of a femoral segmental defect model in cats 三种锁定钢板固定猫股骨节段缺损模型的生物力学比较。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106589

Jeniffer Gabriela Figueroa Coris , Sheila Canevese Rahal , César Augusto M. Pereira , Guilherme Rech Cassanego , Teng Hsiang Wei , Fátima Maria C. Caldeira , Marcelo José Carbonari

This study biomechanically evaluated three titanium locking plate constructs for stabilizing a segmental defect model that simulated a comminuted femoral shaft fracture in cats. Four groups were formed: G1 – single locking plate; G2 – plate-rod construct; G3 – dual plate in an orthogonal configuration; and G4 – intact bone. G1 used 16-hole locking plate with bicortical screws placed in holes 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 16. In G2, an intramedullary pin was included, with monocortical screws in the same positions. In G3, screws were placed as in G1, except that monocortical screws were used in holes 7 and 10. Additionally, an 8-hole plate was applied in orthogonal configuration, with monocortical screws placed in holes 1, 3, 6, and 8. All constructs underwent cyclic eccentric axial compression, followed by destructive testing, except G4, which was tested only destructively. During cyclic testing, stiffness did not differ between G2 and G3, while G1 exhibited lower stiffness. Deformation measured with Gauge 1 (16-hole plate) was greatest in G1, with no significant difference between G2 and G3. Deformation measured with Gauge 2 (intramedullary pin and orthogonal plate) was greater in G2 than in G3. In destructive testing, stiffness did not differ between G1 and G2, or between G2 and G3. Maximum force and displacement did not differ among Groups 1, 2 and 3. Group 4 differ from other groups for these variables. In conclusion, both the locking plate–rod construct and the dual titanium locking plate demonstrated similar stiffness, but locking plate–rod configuration exhibited greater deformation.

本研究从生物力学角度评估了三种钛锁定钢板用于稳定模拟猫股骨干粉碎性骨折的节段性缺损模型。分为四组：G1 -单锁定板；G2 -板杆结构；G3 -正交配置的双板；G4 -完整的骨头。G1使用16孔锁定板，1、3、7、10、14、16孔置入双皮质螺钉。在G2中，包括髓内针，在相同的位置使用单皮质螺钉。在G3中，除7孔和10孔使用单皮质螺钉外，与G1相同放置螺钉。此外，采用正交配置的8孔钢板，在孔1、3、6和8中放置单皮质螺钉。除G4只进行破坏试验外，所有构体均进行循环偏心轴压，然后进行破坏试验。在循环试验中，G2和G3的刚度没有差异，而G1的刚度较低。1号板（16孔板）测量的变形量在G1时最大，G2和G3之间无显著差异。用2号规（髓内钉和正交板）测量的变形，G2大于G3。在破坏性试验中，G1和G2， G2和G3之间的刚度没有差异。第1组、第2组和第3组的最大力和位移没有差异。第4组在这些变量上与其他组不同。综上所述，锁定板杆结构和双钛锁定板刚度相似，但锁定板杆结构的变形更大。

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引用次数: 0

TGF-β1 and estradiol modulate prostaglandin concentrations and related gene expression in equine endometrium during the follicular phase TGF-β1和雌二醇对马卵泡期子宫内膜前列腺素浓度及相关基因表达的调节

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106594

Ana Amaral , Marta Cerveira-Pinto , Carina Santos , Pawel Kordowitzki , Dariusz Skarzynski , Graça Ferreira-Dias , Anna Szóstek-Mioduchowska

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is a pro-fibrotic cytokine that affects extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and fibroblast activity. 17β-Estradiol (E₂), the dominant ovarian steroid during the follicular phase (FLP) of the estrous cycle, can also influence ECM remodeling and fibrosis, through prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. PGs have opposing roles in fibrosis, with PGE₂ showing anti-fibrotic effects and PGF₂α promoting fibrosis. Equine endometrosis, whose main pathological feature is fibrosis, is marked by chronic inflammation and ECM accumulation, and may involve mediators like TGF-β1, PGs, and E₂. This study aimed to assess how TGF-β1, E₂, and their combination affect PG synthase and receptors transcription (qPCR) and PG concentrations (ELISA) in equine endometrial explants during the FLP, after 24 and 48 h. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS-2) mRNA was reduced with TGF-β1 and combination treatments at 24 h. Estradiol and combined treatments downregulated microsomal prostaglandin E synthase1 (PGES) mRNA at 24 h, while prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS) mRNA reduced with TGF-β1 at 24 h and with E₂ at 48 h. The PGE₂ concentration was lower in TGF-β1 +E₂ group than in controls and TGF-β1 alone at 48 h. In contrast, PGF₂α concentration increased with E₂ at 24 h and TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 +E₂ treatments at 48 h. Prostaglandin E receptor (EP)2 and 4 mRNA upregulated with the combination treatment, while prostaglandin F receptor (FP) mRNA decreased in all treated groups. These findings suggest that TGF-β1 and E₂ interact to regulate PG pathways, with potential to drive fibrotic changes in the equine endometrium, by shifting the balance between anti- and pro-fibrotic mediators like PGE₂ and PGF₂α.

转化生长因子(TGF)-β1是一种促纤维化细胞因子，影响细胞外基质（ECM）沉积和成纤维细胞活性。17β-雌二醇（E2）是发情周期卵泡期（FLP）的主要卵巢类固醇，也可以通过前列腺素（PG）合成影响ECM重塑和纤维化。PGs在纤维化中具有相反的作用，pge2具有抗纤维化作用，而PGF 2 α促进纤维化。马子宫内膜异位症以纤维化为主要病理特征，表现为慢性炎症和ECM积累，可能与TGF-β1、PGs、E2等介质有关。本研究旨在评估TGF-β1、E2及其联合作用对马子宫内膜外植体在FLP期间、24和48h后PG合成酶和受体转录（qPCR）及PG浓度（ELISA）的影响。TGF-β1及联合治疗24h后，前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2 (PTGS-2) mRNA表达降低。雌二醇和联合治疗在24小时下调微粒体前列腺素E合成酶（PGES） mRNA，而TGF-β1在24小时和E2在48小时降低前列腺素F合成酶（PGFS） mRNA。TGF-β1+E2组48h pge2浓度低于对照组和TGF-β1组。与此相反，PGF 2 α浓度随E2处理24h、TGF-β1和TGF-β1+E2处理48h均升高。联合用药组前列腺素E受体（EP）2和4 mRNA表达上调，而前列腺素F受体（FP） mRNA表达下调。这些发现表明，TGF-β1和E2相互作用调节PG通路，通过改变抗和促纤维化介质（如pge2和PGF 2 α）之间的平衡，有可能驱动马子宫内膜的纤维化变化。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of paraoxonase-1 activity and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with neurological disorders 神经系统疾病犬脑脊液对氧磷酶-1活性及铜还原抗氧化能力分析

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106591

María Gemma Velasco-Martínez , Ángel María Hernández-Guerra , Antonio Campos Medina , Deborah Chicharro , Belén Cuervo , Joaquín Jesús Sopena , Mónica Rubio , Luis Pardo-Marín , José Joaquín Cerón , Katiuska Satué

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a liquid that remains in close contact with the central nervous system (CNS) and is therefore commonly used to identify pathological alterations related to CNS diseases. However, sometimes techniques usually employed in clinical practice do not reveal alterations and other parameters, such as paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), are needed in this field. In this paper PON1 activity and TAC estimated by the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method are analyzed in CSF of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), intracranial tumors (IT), inflammatory-based pathologies of the CNS (INF) as well as acute (AH) and chronic intervertebral disc herniations (CH). Analyses were performed within a maximum of three months after sample collection. No differences in CUPRAC values were found between the groups; however, the results revealed significantly higher values of PON1 activity in INF group compared to IE (P = 0.019), IT (P = 0.004) and AH (P = 0.038). Since the estimation of PON1 activity in CSF appears to be a potentially useful tool in canine neurology, future studies are needed to elucidate its role in clinical practice.

脑脊液（CSF）是一种与中枢神经系统（CNS）保持密切接触的液体，因此通常用于识别与中枢神经系统疾病相关的病理改变。然而，有时在临床实践中通常使用的技术并不能显示变化和其他参数，如对氧磷酶-1 （PON1）活性和总抗氧化能力（TAC），在这一领域需要。本文对特发性癫痫（IE）、颅内肿瘤（IT）、中枢神经系统炎症性病变（INF）以及急性（AH）和慢性椎间盘突出（CH）犬脑脊液中PON1活性和TAC的测定进行了分析。样品采集后最多三个月内进行分析。两组间CUPRAC值无差异；然而，结果显示，与IE （P = 0.019）、IT （P = 0.004）和AH （P = 0.038）相比，INF组的PON1活性值显著高于IE （P = 0.019）、AH （P = 0.038）。由于脑脊液中PON1活性的估计似乎是犬神经学的潜在有用工具，因此需要进一步的研究来阐明其在临床实践中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Soluble and insoluble fiber blend improves farrowing performance and colostral immunoglobulin concentration in sows without altering fecal microbiota 可溶性和不溶性纤维混合物在不改变粪便微生物群的情况下提高了母猪的生产性能和初侧免疫球蛋白浓度。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106574

Bruno Bracco Donatelli Muro , Rafaella Fernandes Carnevale , Matheus Saliba Monteiro , Diego Feitosa Leal , André Pegoraro Poor , Francisco Alves Pereira , Vera Letticie de Azevedo Ruiz , Cesar Augusto Pospissil Garbossa

The aim of this trial was to provide a fibrous supplement in the transition diet of sows to decrease sows’ constipation, improve farrowing kinetics, increase colostrum antibodies, and modulate sows' and piglets' microbiota. At day 90 of pregnancy sows were fed a standard gestation diet until farrowing (CON, n = 101) or a standard gestation diet added of 400 g of a fibrous supplement (40 % wheat bran, 25 % lignocellulose, 25 % citrus pulp, and 10 % guar gum) (FIB, n = 101). After farrowing, sows were fed a standard lactation diet, and FIB sows were fed 400 g of the fibrous supplement on top of the feed for five days. Sows from FIB had a lower (p < 0.01) incidence of constipation pre-farrowing and on the day of farrowing. Sows from FIB had a 23 min shorter (p = 0.01) farrowing duration compared to CON-sows. Sows from CON had a higher (p < 0.01) feed intake on days two and three post-farrowing. Both IgG and IgA concentrations were higher in the FIB-supplemented sows (p = 0.01). The fecal microbiome of sows and piglets was similar (p > 0.43) between groups. During the first week of life, piglets born from FIB-sows had decreased (p = 0.04) diarrhea incidence. In conclusion, the benefits of the fibrous supplement were evident in peripartal sows by decreasing farrowing duration and constipation and by increasing the concentration of immunoglobulins in the colostrum. For newborn piglets, the fibrous supplement fed to the sows did not significantly alter the fecal microbiome of sows and their litters. Nevertheless, benefits were observed in their resistance to neonatal diarrhea. Thus, using a fiber supplement in transition diets in farms may ease the management in the farrowing room and improve early-life robustness in piglets, which may decrease medication demands during the first week, contributing to more efficient neonatal care and better overall litter performance.

本试验的目的是在母猪的过渡日粮中添加纤维，以减少母猪便秘，改善分娩动力学，增加初乳抗体，调节母猪和仔猪的微生物群。在妊娠第90天，母猪饲喂标准妊娠日粮直至分娩（CON, n=101）或添加400g纤维补充剂（40%麦麸，25%木质纤维素，25%柑橘果肉和10%瓜尔胶）的标准妊娠日粮（FIB, n=101）。分产后，饲喂标准泌乳日粮，FIB母猪在饲料基础上添加400g纤维添加剂，连续饲喂5天。FIB母猪组间比较低（p0.43）。在出生后第一周，fib母猪出生的仔猪腹泻发生率降低（p=0.04）。综上所述，在围产期母猪中，纤维补充剂的好处是明显的，可以减少分娩时间和便秘，并增加初乳中免疫球蛋白的浓度。对于新生仔猪，饲喂纤维添加剂对母猪及其窝仔粪便微生物组没有显著影响。然而，它们对新生儿腹泻的抵抗力也有所提高。因此，在农场的过渡饲粮中使用纤维补充剂可以简化产房的管理，提高仔猪的早期健壮性，这可能会减少第一周的药物需求，有助于更有效的新生儿护理和更好的整体产仔性能。

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引用次数: 0

Pinobanksin alleviates 4℃ semen preservation-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in Wenchang Pig spermatozoa via the CaMKKβ/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway Pinobanksin通过CaMKKβ/AMPK/Nrf2通路缓解4℃精液保存诱导的文昌猪精子氧化损伤和凋亡。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106599

Diqi Yang , Shiwen He , Xueqi Tian, Chang Cheng, Weiqin Fan, Hui Peng

Artificial insemination underpins both commercial swine production and the conservation of critically endangered breeds. The Wenchang pig, which is classified as a critically endangered breed, faces a genetic bottleneck due to its reduced breeding population. Current estimates suggest that the breeding population has become quite limited, highlighting the need for effective low-temperature semen preservation strategies. Here, we report that inclusion of 1 μM pinobanksin—a propolis-derived dihydroflavonol—in standard extender sustains the functionality and viability of Wenchang pig spermatozoa during 15 days of storage at 4 °C. Compared to control, pinobanksin maintained total and progressive motility and path velocities (VAP, VCL, VSL), preserved membrane and acrosomal integrity, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, and prevented ATP and Ca²⁺ depletion. Biochemically, treated sperm exhibited reduced reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, restored glutathione homeostasis, elevated activities of SOD and GSH-PX, and upregulated expression of NQO1, HO-1 and GPX4. Mechanistic interrogation revealed that pinobanksin elevates intracellular Ca²⁺, promotes phosphorylation of CaMKKβ and AMPK, and increases cellular Nrf2 abundance. Pharmacological blockade of CaMKKβ (STO-609) or AMPK (Compound C) ablated pinobanksin’s antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and motility-preserving effects, whereas direct activation of Nrf2 (via TBHQ) reinstated sperm function under AMPK inhibition. These data delineate a coordinated signaling module involving CaMKKβ, AMPK and Nrf2 through which pinobanksin synchronizes redox and energy-metabolic defenses, establishing it as a dual-action cryoprotectant additive with significant promise for AI-based conservation of endangered porcine germplasm.

人工授精是商业猪生产和保护极度濒危品种的基础。文昌猪被列为极度濒危品种，由于繁殖数量减少而面临遗传瓶颈。目前的估计表明，繁殖种群已经变得相当有限，强调需要有效的低温精液保存策略。在这里，我们报告了包含1μM pinobankin（一种蜂胶衍生的二氢黄酮醇）的标准扩展剂，在4 °C下保存15 天，维持文昌猪精子的功能和活力。与对照组相比，pinobanksin维持了总和渐进运动和路径速度（VAP， VCL， VSL），保存了膜和顶体完整性，稳定了线粒体膜电位，阻止了ATP和Ca 2 +的耗尽。生物化学方面，处理后的精子表现出活性氧和丙二醛水平降低，谷胱甘肽稳态恢复，SOD和GSH-PX活性升高，NQO1、HO-1和GPX4表达上调。机制询问显示pinobanksin升高细胞内Ca 2 +，促进CaMKKβ和AMPK的磷酸化，并增加细胞Nrf2丰度。CaMKKβ (STO-609)或AMPK（化合物 C）的药物阻断会削弱pinobanksin的抗氧化、抗凋亡和保活力作用，而Nrf2的直接激活（通过TBHQ）则会恢复AMPK抑制下的精子功能。这些数据描述了一个涉及CaMKKβ、AMPK和Nrf2的协调信号模块，pinobanksin通过该信号模块同步氧化还原和能量代谢防御，将其作为一种双作用的冷冻保护剂添加剂，在基于人工智能的濒危猪种质资源保护中具有重要前景。

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引用次数: 0

Multiple preoperative biopsies may increase histologic grade accuracy in canine soft tissue sarcoma: a prospective study 术前多次活检可提高犬软组织肉瘤的组织学分级准确性：一项前瞻性研究。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106596

Erica Ilaria Ferraris , Lorella Maniscalco , Eugenio Mazzone , Matteo Olimpo , Davide Giacobino , Marina Martano , Greta Martinelli , Selina Iussich , Emanuela Maria Morello

Canine soft tissue sarcomas are mesenchymal tumors whose histologic grade predicts behavior and guides treatment. Pre-surgical biopsies may help in planning the surgical treatment and in improving prognostication. The concordance between pre-operative biopsy and final histology is reported to be about 59 %, which makes the value of the former questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate if increasing the number of tumor biopsies may influence the concordance with the definitive histology. Thirty-two client-owned dogs with a cutaneous or subcutaneous soft tissue sarcoma were prospectively enrolled. After surgical removal, three punch biopsies were obtained from a central and two peripheral superficial areas. The incisional biopsies and the whole mass were then histologically evaluated, and a grade was assigned. The agreement between the single biopsy and the definitive histology varied depending on the location of the biopsy (peripheral vs central). It was 71 % for the central (K=0.47) and 59 % for the peripheral (K=0.33). Peripheral and central biopsies underestimated the definitive histology in 40.5 % and 29 % of cases, respectively. This study demonstrated that taking at least two biopsies from a peripheral and a central area of the tumor gives a higher chance of correctly predicting the definitive grade.

犬软组织肉瘤是一种间充质肿瘤，其组织学分级可以预测其行为并指导治疗。术前活检可能有助于计划手术治疗和改善预后。据报道，术前活检与最终组织学的一致性约为59%，这使得术前活检的价值值得怀疑。本研究的目的是评估增加肿瘤活检次数是否会影响与最终组织学的一致性。32只患有皮肤或皮下软组织肉瘤的客户犬被前瞻性地纳入研究。手术切除后，从中心和两个周围浅表区域进行了三次穿孔活检。然后对切口活检和整个肿块进行组织学评估，并进行分级。单次活检和明确组织学之间的一致性取决于活检的位置（外周vs中心）。中心细胞为71% (K=0.47)，周围细胞为59% （K=0.33）。外周和中心活检分别低估了40.5%和29%的病例的最终组织学，该研究表明，至少从肿瘤的外周和中心区域进行两次活检，正确预测最终级别的机会更高。

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引用次数: 0