Veterinary journal最新文献_第4页

A reproducible, host-free feeding system for adult Haemaphysalis longicornis 一种可复制的、无宿主的长角血蜱成虫饲养系统

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106561

Abdul Ghafar , Bahar E. Mustafa , Charles Gauci , Ian Beveridge , Robin B. Gasser , Ard M. Nijhof , Abdul Jabbar

Haemaphysalis longicornis is a parthenogenetic three-host tick that has expanded from East Asia into Australasia and the Americas, where it poses increasing veterinary and public-health concern. Yet, laboratory research has been constrained partly by the absence of a reliable artificial feeding system. Here, we establish and optimise an artificial, host-free in vitro feeding platform for adult H. longicornis, utilising a thin silicone membrane that overcomes the species’ short hypostome and limited mouthpart mobility. Across six independent experiments using field-collected parthenogenetic adult females from Australia, 67 % (35/52) of ticks attached and 74.3 % (26/35) engorged, achieving a mean engorgement weight of 161 mg (range: 44.8–275 mg), a mean egg mass of 67 mg (11.4–137 mg) and mean bloodmeal-to-egg conversion efficiency of 40 % (range: 16.7–59.9 %). All engorged females oviposited and produced viable larvae, with egg hatchability exceeding 92 % (mean ∼98 %) and engorgement weight strongly associating with fecundity (r = 0.82). Feeding was completed within 2–7 days, comparable to, or shorter than, feeding on live hosts; hair extract treatment did not enhance feeding or reproductive performance. This host-free system essentially replicates natural feeding performance under controlled laboratory conditions and supports the complete reproductive cycle of adult H. longicornis without an animal host. It provides a reproducible and ethical platform for acaricide and vaccine discovery and studies of tick physiology and pathogen–vector interactions, establishing a foundation for standardised, scalable and welfare-compliant tick research within a One Health framework.

长角血蜱是一种单性生殖的三宿主蜱虫，已从东亚扩展到大洋洲和美洲，在这些地区引起越来越多的兽医和公共卫生关注。然而，实验室研究一直受到限制，部分原因是缺乏可靠的人工喂养系统。在这里，我们建立并优化了一个人工的、无宿主的成年长角天牛体外饲养平台，利用薄硅胶膜克服了该物种短的假设体和有限的口器移动能力。通过对澳大利亚野外采集的单性生殖成年雌蜱进行的6次独立实验，发现67% %（35/52）的蜱虫附身，74.3% %（26/35）的蜱虫吸血，平均吸血重量为161 mg（范围：44.8 ~ 275 mg），平均卵质量为67 mg(11.4 ~ 137 mg)，平均血-肉-卵转化效率为40 %（范围：16.7 ~ 59.9 %）。所有充血的雌虫都产卵并产生了可存活的幼虫，卵的孵化率超过92 %（平均~ 98 %），充血重量与繁殖力密切相关（r = 0.82）。摄食在2-7天内完成，与对活宿主的摄食相当或更短；毛发提取物处理没有提高饲养性能和繁殖性能。这种无宿主系统基本上复制了受控实验室条件下的自然摄食性能，并支持成年长角锥虫在没有动物宿主的情况下的完整生殖周期。它为杀螨剂和疫苗的发现以及蜱虫生理学和病原体-媒介相互作用的研究提供了一个可重复和合乎道德的平台，为在“同一个健康”框架内进行标准化、可扩展和符合福利的蜱虫研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Rewiring canine anxiety: The impact of accelerated HF-rTMS on brain perfusion and behavioral outcomes in dogs 犬类焦虑的重新编码：加速高频- rtms对犬脑灌注和行为结果的影响。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106559

Sofie Salden , Yangfeng Xu , Stefanie De Smet , Kathelijne Peremans , Sara De Witte , Andre Dobbeleir , Ann Van Eeckhaut , Jimmy H. Saunders , Anouck Haverbeke , Chris Baeken

Canine anxiety disorders significantly affect both pet dogs and their owners, highlighting the need for effective treatment approaches. Given the promising effects of accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (arTMS) in human medicine, this study explores its effects as a potential intervention for canine anxiety disorders. In this open-label trial, 20 dogs diagnosed with an anxiety disorder underwent two accelerated high-frequency rTMS (aHF-rTMS) treatment courses targeting the left frontal cortex, administered one month apart. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) at baseline and at multiple follow-up time points, while single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Following the second aHF-rTMS treatment course, significant reductions in social and nonsocial fear were detected, compared to baseline. In total, 56 % of the dogs were classified as responders, achieving a ≥ 20 % reduction in C-BARQ scores. SPECT imaging revealed progressive rCBF increases in the left frontal and subcortical regions in all dogs, while cerebellar perfusion changes were specific to responders only. No baseline factors reliably predicted treatment response. These findings suggest that aHF-rTMS can modulate brain perfusion and improve anxiety-related behaviors in dogs, positioning it as a promising therapeutic tool in veterinary behavioral medicine, while further bolstering the canine brain as a valid translational animal model for human noninvasive brain stimulation research.

犬类焦虑症对宠物狗及其主人都有显著影响，因此需要有效的治疗方法。鉴于加速重复经颅磁刺激（a- rtms）在人类医学中的良好效果，本研究探讨了其作为犬焦虑障碍的潜在干预措施的效果。在这项开放标签试验中，20只被诊断患有焦虑症的狗接受了两次针对左额叶皮质的加速高频rTMS （aHF-rTMS）治疗，间隔一个月。在基线和多个随访时间点使用犬行为评估和研究问卷（C-BARQ）进行行为评估，同时使用单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）测量区域脑血流量（rCBF）。在第二次aHF-rTMS治疗过程中，与基线相比，发现社交和非社交恐惧显著减少。总的来说，56%的狗被归类为应答者，C-BARQ评分降低≥20%。SPECT成像显示，所有狗的左额叶和皮层下区域的rCBF进行性增加，而小脑灌注变化仅针对应答者。没有基线因素可靠地预测治疗反应。这些发现表明，aHF-rTMS可以调节狗的脑灌注，改善狗的焦虑相关行为，使其成为一种有前景的兽医行为医学治疗工具，同时进一步支持犬脑作为人类无创脑刺激研究的有效转化动物模型。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling speed and inter-race intervals to assess post-race recovery in racing greyhounds 模拟速度和比赛间隔，以评估赛灰狗的赛后恢复。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106555

Richard M. Payne

The recovery of greyhounds post-race has important welfare implications, primarily to avoid over-running and prevent greyhounds with subclinical injuries from racing. Both situations could reasonably be expected to reduce speed, which may be identified by comparing the successive race performances of individual greyhounds. The focus of this analysis was on reportedly sound greyhounds. Thus, the hypothesis was that changes in speed could be linked with the inter-race intervals, and that shorter inter-race intervals would compromise glycogen restoration and therefore affect performance in subsequent races. A dataset contained 206,686 runs made by 12,883 reportedly sound GBGB-licenced greyhounds and was analysed using multilevel (mixed effects) models. Speed was slightly elevated above baseline from two days between races and declined over increasing inter-race periods up to 12 days between races. Inter-race intervals of two or more days had no biologically significant effects and were less than the normal variations in speed. Due to an absence of data for one day between races, this period could not be modelled. The findings are consistent with the fact that glycogen stores are normally restored by two days after fast exercise, and a ruling that greyhounds should not race more frequently than every fourth day is reasonable and would include greyhounds which might take slightly longer to recover. Performance depression after four days’ rest might suggest a subclinical injury. Expanded datasets are required to determine the effect of a one-day gap between races.

赛狗在赛后的恢复具有重要的福利意义，主要是为了避免过度奔跑，防止赛狗在比赛中出现亚临床损伤。这两种情况都可以合理地预期会降低速度，这可以通过比较单个灰狗的连续比赛表现来确定。这一分析的重点是据说是健全的灰狗。因此，假设速度的变化可能与比赛间歇有关，而较短的比赛间歇会损害糖原的恢复，从而影响随后比赛的表现。数据集包含了由12883只拥有gbgb执照的灰狗进行的206686次奔跑，并使用多层（混合效果）模型进行了分析。比赛间隔两天的速度略高于基线，随着比赛间隔时间的增加，速度下降至比赛间隔12天。两天或更长时间的赛跑间隔在生物学上没有显著的影响，而且比正常的速度变化要小。由于两场比赛之间缺少一天的数据，这段时间无法建模。这一发现与糖原储存通常在快速运动后两天内恢复的事实是一致的，一项关于灰狗不应超过每四天比赛一次的裁决是合理的，其中包括可能需要稍长时间才能恢复的灰狗。休息四天后表现下降可能提示亚临床损伤。需要扩展数据集来确定比赛间隔一天的影响。

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引用次数: 0

The genital route in experimental infection with Leptospira spp. in hamsters as a model for genital leptospirosis 鼠体钩端螺旋体实验感染的生殖途径作为生殖钩端螺旋体病模型。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106558

Soares KCRS, Roussouliéres IS, Barbosa CS, Lilenbaum W

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonosis that affects livestock reproduction. The causative Leptospira spp. are highly adaptable and can colonize a wide range of hosts. Although the intraperitoneal (IP) route is commonly used in experimental models, it bypasses mucosal barriers and does not reflect natural transmission. In contrast, mucosal routes, such as the intravaginal (IVG) route, more closely mimic natural infection but remain poorly investigated. This study evaluated the IVG route as an experimental model for reproductive leptospirosis using adult female golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) inoculated with Leptospira santarosai serovar Guaricura via IVG or IP routes. To enhance susceptibility and standardization, IVG inoculations were performed exclusively during the proestrus or estrus stages, as determined by vaginal cytology. Animals were monitored for up to 40 days and assessed by serology and PCR. IVG-inoculated animals developed systemic infection and genital colonization, although bacteremia occurred later than in the IP group. Both groups elicited similar humoral immune responses from day 7 onward, with animals remaining seropositive until the end of the study. Renal and genital colonization was confirmed by PCR in both groups, with no significant differences. Importantly, 60 % of IVG-inoculated animals remained PCR-positive in genital tissues for up to 40 days, indicating persistent subclinical infection. No clinical signs were observed in any of the groups. The IVG route proved effective in establishing chronic infection and better simulates the natural course of animal genital leptospirosis, supporting its use as a physiologically relevant experimental model.

钩端螺旋体病是一种全球分布的影响牲畜繁殖的人畜共患病。致病性钩端螺旋体具有很强的适应性，可以在广泛的宿主中定植。虽然在实验模型中通常采用腹腔内（IP）途径，但它绕过粘膜屏障，不反映自然传播。相比之下，粘膜途径，如阴道内（IVG）途径，更接近于模拟自然感染，但仍缺乏研究。本研究以成年雌性金色叙利亚地鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）为实验对象，通过IVG或IP途径接种圣钩端螺旋体，评估IVG途径作为生殖钩端螺旋体病的实验模型。为了提高易感性和标准化，IVG接种仅在发情前期或发情期进行，根据阴道细胞学确定。对动物进行长达40天的监测，并通过血清学和PCR进行评估。接种ivg的动物出现全身感染和生殖器定植，尽管菌血症发生的时间晚于IP组。从第7天开始，两组动物都产生了相似的体液免疫反应，直到研究结束，动物都保持血清阳性。两组的肾脏和生殖器定植均经PCR证实，差异无统计学意义。重要的是，60%接种了ivg的动物在生殖器组织中保持pcr阳性长达40天，表明持续的亚临床感染。两组均未见临床症状。经证实，IVG途径在建立慢性感染方面是有效的，并且能够更好地模拟动物生殖器钩端螺旋体病的自然过程，支持其作为生理学相关的实验模型。

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引用次数: 0

Saccharomyces cerevisiae postbiotics supplementation from gestation to weaning: Impacts on performance and immunity in pigs under low-biosecurity conditions 妊娠至断奶期间补充酿酒酵母后生物制剂：低生物安全条件下对猪生产性能和免疫力的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106556

Thi Hien Bui , Dinh Phung Le , Thi Dung Ho , Nguyen Van Chao , Hoang Son Hung Pham , Thi Hoa Nguyen , Van Dung Dinh , Anjan Mondal , Victor Nsereko , Duc Thao Le

This study investigated the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation-derived postbiotics (SCFP) on reproductive performance and immunity of sows and their offspring from gestation to weaning in a low biosecurity, small-scale pig production system. Ninety sows were randomly assigned to 3 treatments: a control group (CON; standard basal diet), β-glucan (BG; basal diet + 1.0 kg/MT β-glucan 50), and SCFP (basal diet + 2.0 kg/MT Diamond V XPC). The diets were provided to sows from the inseminated day until their piglets were weaned and to piglets from 10 days of age until weaning. Reproductive performance of sows was evaluated based on litter size at birth, 24 h postpartum, and at weaning; number of stillbirth and mummified piglets per sow; and piglets body weight at birth and at weaning. Blood samples were collected from sows to determine antibody titer against foot and mouth disease (FMD). Maternally derived antibody (MDA) against FMD and Mycoplasma hyopneumonia (M. hyopneumonia) after vaccination were also assessed in the piglets. Dietary supplementation of SCFP and BG in sows had no significant effect on reproductive performance (P > 0.05). BG also did not enhance the immune response to FMD vaccination (P >0.05) or the MDA levels of FMD in piglets. However, SCFP supplementation in sows significantly enhanced their immune response to FMD vaccination (P <0.05) but did not influence the passive immunity transfer to piglets. Furthermore, SCFP and BG supplementation in the diets of sows and their piglets did not significantly affect the piglets' immune response following M. hyopneumoniae vaccination. In summary, SCFP and BG showed minimal effects on reproductive performance and piglet immunity, while SCFP selectively enhanced the sows’ immune response to FMD vaccination without affecting passive immunity transfer to piglets.

本研究在低生物安全性的小规模生猪生产系统中，研究了酿酒酵母发酵后生物制剂（SCFP）对母猪及其子代妊娠至断奶期间生殖性能和免疫力的影响。90头母猪随机分为3个处理：对照组（CON，标准基础饲粮）、β-葡聚糖组（BG，基础饲粮+ 1.0kg/MT β-葡聚糖50）和SCFP组（基础饲粮+ 2.0kg/MT Diamond V XPC）。母猪从授精日起至仔猪断奶，仔猪10日龄至仔猪断奶。根据母猪出生时、产后24小时和断奶时的产仔数评估母猪的繁殖性能；每头母猪死产和干尸仔猪数；仔猪出生和断奶时的体重。采集母猪血液样本，测定口蹄疫（FMD）抗体滴度。同时对接种后仔猪抗口蹄疫和肺炎支原体的母源抗体（MDA）进行了检测。饲粮中添加SCFP和BG对母猪繁殖性能无显著影响（P < 0.05）。BG也没有提高仔猪对口蹄疫疫苗的免疫应答（P < 0.05）或口蹄疫MDA水平。然而，在母猪中添加SCFP可显著增强其对口蹄疫疫苗的免疫应答(P

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引用次数: 0

Exosomal microRNA profiling reveals candidate biomarkers and regulatory signatures associated with paratuberculosis disease status in goats 外泌体microRNA分析揭示了山羊副结核病疾病状态相关的候选生物标志物和调控特征。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106553

Eun-Yeong Bok , Tae Yoon Kim , Sang-Young Seo , Han-Gyu Lee , Young-Hun Jung , Seong Hwan Bae , Nam Su Oh , Tae Jin Cho , Hyeon Woo Park , Eui Cheol Shin , Jae Kyeom Kim

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is difficult to diagnose in the subclinical stage(s) because of intermittent shedding and nonspecific immune responses. Given their stability and potential as biomarkers, exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated in this study to identify serum-derived candidates associated with Paratuberculosis-associated disease stages in goats. Exosomes were isolated from the serum of three groups: Control (ELISA- and PCR-negative), ENPP (ELISA-negative but PCR-positive), and EPPP (ELISA- and PCR-positive). After exosome characterization, small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) and their predicted regulatory targets. Functional enrichment, upstream regulator, and network analyses were then applied to interpret the biological relevance of the identified DEmiRs. Among the candidates, miR-122 and miR-21–5p were consistently upregulated in infected animals and were associated with immune modulation, epithelial integrity, and inflammation. Finally, quantitative PCR validation confirmed a significant elevation of these miRNAs in the EPPP group, supporting their potential as late-stage biomarkers. Our findings demonstrate that exosomal miRNA profiling can reflect MAP infection status and highlight their potential utility as non-invasive biomarkers for Paratuberculosis monitoring in veterinary settings.

副结核（约翰氏病）是一种由鸟分枝杆菌亚种副结核（MAP）引起的慢性肉芽肿性肠炎，由于间歇性脱落和非特异性免疫反应，在亚临床阶段很难诊断。考虑到它们的稳定性和作为生物标志物的潜力，本研究对外泌体microRNAs （miRNAs）进行了研究，以确定山羊副结核相关疾病阶段相关的血清来源候选物。从三组血清中分离外泌体：对照组（ELISA阴性和pcr阴性）、ENPP （ELISA阴性但pcr阳性）和EPPP （ELISA阳性和pcr阳性）。外泌体表征后，进行小RNA测序和生物信息学分析，以鉴定差异表达的miRNAs （demir）及其预测的调控靶点。然后应用功能富集、上游调节因子和网络分析来解释鉴定的demir的生物学相关性。在候选物中，miR-122和miR-21-5p在感染动物中持续上调，并与免疫调节、上皮完整性和炎症有关。最后，定量PCR验证证实了这些mirna在EPPP组中的显著升高，支持它们作为晚期生物标志物的潜力。我们的研究结果表明，外泌体miRNA分析可以反映MAP感染状态，并突出了它们作为兽医环境中副结核病监测的非侵入性生物标志物的潜在用途。

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引用次数: 0

Point-of-need visual test for the detection of γ-glutamyltransferase in calf serum 犊牛血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶检测的定点目测法

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106552

Mònica Campàs , Martina Tolós , Sandra Leonardo , Lourdes Llonch , Maria Devant , Yolanda Saco , Anna Bassols , Sònia Martí

Adequate colostrum intake is critical for the passive transfer of immunity in calves, and serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2) is a potential indicator. However, conventional assays for its detection require laboratory facilities, limiting their use in the field. Herein, a simple visual test has been developed for the semi-quantitative determination of serum GGT using immobilized reagents on paper supports. The enzyme substrate, drop volume, and membrane type were optimized, with γ-L-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide, 10 µL drop volume, and a binder-free microfiber glass membrane providing the best performance. The visual test showed a limit of semi-quantification (LOSQ) of 39 U/L, while digital analysis slightly improved the sensitivity. When applied to calf serum samples, the test reliably reflected GGT evolution: negligible at birth, peak activity at 2 days (corresponding to colostrum intake), declining by day 14, and further decreasing at day 18. The visual test showed strong agreement with the conventional enzyme assay (κ = 0.94), correctly estimating 26 out of 31 samples (84 %), and digital analysis of the membranes correlated even more closely (R = 0.9924). This point-of-need (PON) device offers a rapid, low-cost, and practical tool for on-farm monitoring of colostrum intake, supporting early detection of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) and improved calf health management.

充足的初乳摄入对于犊牛免疫的被动转移至关重要，血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT; EC 2.3.2.2）是一个潜在的指标。然而，传统的检测方法需要实验室设施，限制了它们在现场的使用。在此，一种简单的视觉测试已经开发用于半定量测定血清GGT使用固定试剂在纸的支持。对酶底物、滴体积和膜类型进行了优化，其中γ-L-谷氨酰-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺滴体积为10 µL，无粘结剂的超细玻璃纤维膜性能最佳。目测显示半定量限（LOSQ）为39 U/L，而数字分析略微提高了灵敏度。当应用于犊牛血清样品时，该试验可靠地反映了GGT的演变：出生时可以忽略不计，在第2天（与初乳摄入量相对应）达到峰值，在第14天下降，在第18天进一步下降。目测结果与常规酶分析结果非常吻合（κ = 0.94），正确估计了31个样品中的26个（84 %），而膜的数字分析相关性更紧密（R = 0.9924）。这种需求点（PON）装置提供了一种快速、低成本和实用的工具，用于农场监测初乳摄入量，支持早期发现被动免疫转移（FTPI）失败并改善小牛健康管理。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization on the dimensions of the lumbosacral neuroforamen throughout range of motion 椎间孔切开术和牵张稳定术对腰骶神经孔在整个运动范围内尺寸的影响。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106549

Raphael Arz , Brian Park , Sebastian Knell , Antonio Pozzi , Frank Steffen , Lucas A. Smolders

Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) in dogs can involve foraminal stenosis and L7 nerve root compression. Surgical options to expand the L7-S1 neuroforamen (NF) include foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization. However, the efficacy of these techniques when subjected to biomechanical loading is unclear. The study objective was to investigate the influence of spinal motion on the volume of the L7-S1 NF in the native spine and after foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization. Eight canine cadaveric spines were subsequently tested in 3 conditions: native, after unilateral foraminotomy and after distraction-stabilization of L7-S1. Spines were subjected to axial compression, flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The volume of the L7-S1 NF was calculated for each condition and motion direction. Linear mixed models were used to analyze differences between motions and conditions. The NF in the native spine was only affected by flexion (+4.5 %±16.6;P < 0.01) and extension (-36.7 %±11.1;P < 0.01) when compared to the position neutral + axial compression. The NF dimension after foraminotomy increased in flexion (+20.4 %±24.6;P < 0.01) and decreased in extension (-35.9 %±9.3;P < 0.01). In contrast, the NF after distraction-stabilization was not affected by biomechanical motion. Foraminotomy resulted in significantly increased volumes in all loading conditions (+31.0–45.7 %;P < 0.01). Distraction-stabilization produced smaller, yet statistically significant, increases in foraminal volume across several loading directions: axial compression (+15 %±18.0;P = 0.01), ipsilateral lateral bending (+22.1 %±19.0;P < 0.01), extension (+75 %±31.6;P < 0.01) and ipsilateral (+9.3 %±12.9;P = 0.01) and contralateral axial rotation (+12.7 %±12.9;P = 0.01). Both foraminotomy and distraction-stabilization lead to significant increases in the volume of the L7-S1 NF throughout spinal movement. As such, either procedure may be effective in enlarging the L7-S1 neuroforamen compromised by DLSS.

犬退行性腰骶管狭窄（DLSS）可累及椎间孔狭窄和L7神经根受压。扩大L7-S1神经孔（NF）的手术选择包括椎间孔切开术和分散-稳定术。然而，这些技术在受到生物力学载荷时的效果尚不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨脊柱运动对原生脊柱和椎间孔切开和牵张稳定后L7-S1 NF体积的影响。随后在3种情况下对8根犬尸体棘进行了测试：原生、单侧椎间孔切开术和L7-S1牵张稳定后。脊柱承受轴向压缩、屈伸、侧向弯曲和轴向旋转。计算各工况及运动方向下L7-S1 NF的体积。采用线性混合模型分析运动和条件之间的差异。原生脊柱的NF仅受屈曲影响(+4.5%±16.6；P

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引用次数: 0

International renal interest society best practice consensus guidelines on the use of continuous renal replacement therapy in dogs and cats 国际肾脏利益协会关于在狗和猫中使用持续肾脏替代疗法的最佳实践共识指南。

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106548

Hilla Chen , Larry D. Cowgill , Thierry Francey , Rosanne E. Jepson , Catherine Langston , Ariane Schweighauser , Gilad Segev

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in small animal practice. Early recognition and medical management form the basis of treatment, however, for dogs and cats with severe AKI, resulting in the development of uremic metabolic derangements and oligoanuria, advanced renal replacement therapy (RRT) should be considered. Different platforms (i.e. machines) and modalities are available for the delivery of RRT including intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) providing different but complimentary therapeutic options for the management of AKI. Intermittent hemodialysis is a short (i.e., few hours) and typically highly efficient treatment, whereas CRRT typically is less efficient but delivered continuously (≥24 h) which brings some advantages, especially for severely uremic or hemodynamically unstable animals. Working within the constraints of veterinary medicine and limitations that may exist in hospital staffing, facilities and finances, hybrid therapeutic protocols (e.g. prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT; 6–12 h)) and transitional-CRRT (12–24 h) have been developed to advance the use of renal replacement platforms to fit with these logistical requirements. The literature on CRRT in veterinary patients is extremely limited, however, the demand for extracorporeal-based RRT therapies is expanding rapidly. Therefore, guidelines are required to ensure safe and effective operation and to optimize the management of dogs and cats with AKI using these platforms. To that end, these consensus-based best practice guidelines provide current knowledge on veterinary patient considerations, prescription, anti-coagulation, machine-based monitoring and commonly identified complications that may be experienced during CRRT, based on collective expert opinion.

急性肾损伤（AKI）是小动物发病和死亡的重要原因。早期识别和医疗管理是治疗的基础，然而，对于患有严重AKI的狗和猫，导致尿毒症代谢紊乱和少尿，应考虑先进的肾脏替代疗法（RRT）。不同的平台（即机器）和方式可用于提供RRT，包括间歇性血液透析（IHD）和持续肾脏替代疗法（CRRT），为AKI的管理提供不同但互补的治疗选择。间歇性血液透析是一种短时间（即几小时）且通常高效的治疗方法，而CRRT通常效率较低，但持续（≥24小时），这带来了一些优势，特别是对于严重尿毒症或血流动力学不稳定的动物。在兽医学的限制和医院人员配置、设施和资金方面可能存在的限制下，已经制定了混合治疗方案（例如，延长间歇性肾脏替代疗法（PIRRT； 6-12小时））和过渡性肾替代疗法（12-24小时），以促进肾脏替代平台的使用，以适应这些后勤要求。关于兽医患者CRRT的文献非常有限，然而，对体外RRT治疗的需求正在迅速扩大。因此，需要制定指南来确保安全有效的操作，并优化使用这些平台对患有AKI的狗和猫的管理。为此，这些基于共识的最佳实践指南根据集体专家意见，提供了有关兽医患者注意事项、处方、抗凝、基于机器的监测和CRRT期间可能出现的常见并发症的最新知识。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal trends and risk factors of small-ruminant brucellosis in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis 中国小反刍动物布鲁氏菌病的时空趋势及危险因素：系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106547

Wei Wei , Di Jiao , Rui Shi , Rigai Sa , Zhengyi Li , Lu An , Xiaoqian Zhang , Jingyi Wen , Rui Wang

Brucellosis remains a neglected zoonosis that threatens livestock production and human health in China. Small ruminants are key reservoirs, yet brucellosis in sheep and goats is still insufficiently characterized in terms of seroprevalence, risk factors, and spatial–temporal dynamics. We conducted a nationwide systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) of studies published up to 1 August 2025. We pooled eligible cross-sectional data using a random-effects model, explored determinants by subgroup analysis and meta-regression, and applied ARIMA models to forecast trends. We included 306 studies from 27 provinces. The overall pooled seroprevalence was 3.0 % (95 % CI 2.3–3.8), with strong geographic heterogeneity. The highest burden occurred in North China, especially Inner Mongolia. Risk was higher in spring and in BSk (cold semi-arid) climates. Seroprevalence was slightly higher in goats, young animals (<1 year), and stall-feeding systems, indicating the need to strengthen housing hygiene and farm biosecurity. Diagnostic methods explained substantial heterogeneity: RBPT tended to yield higher estimates, whereas ELISA/cELISA offer better diagnostic performance. Seroprevalence rose around 2016–2017 and then declined only modestly. Forecasts suggested a continued upward drift (0.76 % in 2026–0.84 % in 2027), implying sustained One Health risks. These findings support region-specific vaccination with priority for goats, expanded standardized ELISA/cELISA use, and integrated human–livestock surveillance with harmonized reporting and targeted protection for high-risk workers in hotspot regions.

在中国，布鲁氏菌病仍然是一种被忽视的人畜共患病，威胁着畜牧生产和人类健康。小型反刍动物是布鲁氏菌病的主要宿主，但绵羊和山羊的布鲁氏菌病在血清流行率、危险因素和时空动态方面的特征仍然不足。我们对截至2025年8月1日发表的研究进行了全国性的系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）。我们使用随机效应模型汇集了符合条件的横截面数据，通过亚群分析和元回归探讨了决定因素，并应用ARIMA模型预测趋势。我们纳入了来自27个省份的306项研究。总体合并血清阳性率为3.0 %(95 % CI 2.3-3.8)，具有很强的地理异质性。华北地区的负担最重，尤其是内蒙古。春季和BSk（冷半干旱）气候的风险较高。山羊、幼畜（1岁）和棚户区饲养系统的血清阳性率略高，表明需要加强住房卫生和农场生物安全。诊断方法解释了实质性的异质性：RBPT倾向于产生更高的估计值，而ELISA/cELISA提供更好的诊断性能。血清阳性率在2016-2017年前后上升，随后仅小幅下降。预测显示持续上升趋势（2026年为0.76 %，2027年为0.84 %），意味着持续的One Health风险。这些发现支持以山羊为重点的区域特异性疫苗接种，扩大标准化ELISA/cELISA的使用，以及对热点地区高风险工人进行统一报告和有针对性保护的人畜综合监测。

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引用次数: 0