首页 > 最新文献

Veterinary journal最新文献

英文 中文
Evaluation of maternal bromoform supplementation in late gestation on blood parameters of cows and their progeny 妊娠晚期母体补充低剂量溴甲烷对奶牛及其后代血液参数的影响评估
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106248
M. Dasari , C.J. Keller , B.R. Costa Alves , K.M. Wenham , C.L. Trengove , S.J. Lee , W.S. Pitchford , N.W. Tomkins , M. Caetano
Bromoform supplementation has been successful in reducing enteric methanogenesis in ruminants; however, the impacts on the health of these animals are still limited. The current study evaluates the impact of maternal bromoform supplementation on the health of late-gestation cows and their progeny. Pregnant Angus cows (n = 42) were allocated into a control or bromoform group (n = 21 cows per treatment). Bromoform extracted from Asparagopsis armata (7,372 mg/kg) was supplemented once daily. Blood samples were collected from cows before supplementation (baseline). Within 24 h of parturition, blood and colostrum samples were collected from each cow and blood from neonates. Colostrum brix was measured to indicate immunoglobulin content. All data was analysed using the MIXED procedure in SAS.
Supplementation of cows with bromoform resulted in increased blood urea to creatinine ratio (P = 0.048), base excess (P = 0.049), total carbon dioxide (TCO2; P = 0.048) and a decrease in blood glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; P = 0.031) compared to the control group. For cows in the bromoform group, a trend was observed for higher levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2; P = 0.070) and bicarbonate (HCO3-; P = 0.052), and lower levels of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2; P = 0.058) compared to the control group. Blood gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was elevated in offspring of cows fed bromoform (P = 0.050). The lower blood pO2 of pregnant cows fed bromoform and elevated blood GGT levels in offspring are not well understood and highlight the need for further investigation. Additionally, the low-dose bromoform supplementation affected various blood gas parameters of cows and calves, demonstrating the importance of monitoring these parameters when using different doses of halogenated compounds in livestock.
补充溴甲烷可成功减少反刍动物的肠道甲烷生成,但对这些动物健康的影响仍然有限。本研究评估了母体补充低剂量溴甲烷对妊娠后期奶牛及其后代健康的影响。怀孕的安格斯奶牛(42 头)被分配到对照组或溴甲烷组(每组 21 头)。每天补充一次从 Asparagopsis taxiformis 中提取的溴甲烷(7.37 毫克/千克)。在添加前(基线)采集奶牛的血液样本。产后 24 小时内,采集每头奶牛的血液和初乳样本,并采集新生儿的血液样本。测量初乳糖度以显示免疫球蛋白含量。所有数据均使用 SAS 中的 MIXED 程序进行分析。与对照组相比,给奶牛补充溴甲烷会导致血液尿素与肌酐比值(P=0.048)、碱过量(P=0.049)、总二氧化碳(TCO2;P=0.048)升高,血液谷氨酸脱氢酶(GLDH;P=0.031)降低。与对照组相比,溴甲烷组奶牛的二氧化碳分压(pCO2;P > 0.05)和碳酸氢盐(HCO3-;P = 0.052)水平呈上升趋势,而氧分压(pO2;P = 0.058)水平较低。饲喂溴甲烷的奶牛后代血液中的γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)升高(P = 0.050)。饲喂溴甲烷的妊娠母牛血液中 pO2 值较低,而后代血液中 GGT 水平升高,这一点尚未得到很好的理解,因此需要进一步研究。此外,低剂量补充溴甲烷会影响奶牛和犊牛的各种血气参数,这表明在牲畜中使用不同剂量的卤代化合物时监测这些参数的重要性。
{"title":"Evaluation of maternal bromoform supplementation in late gestation on blood parameters of cows and their progeny","authors":"M. Dasari ,&nbsp;C.J. Keller ,&nbsp;B.R. Costa Alves ,&nbsp;K.M. Wenham ,&nbsp;C.L. Trengove ,&nbsp;S.J. Lee ,&nbsp;W.S. Pitchford ,&nbsp;N.W. Tomkins ,&nbsp;M. Caetano","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bromoform supplementation has been successful in reducing enteric methanogenesis in ruminants; however, the impacts on the health of these animals are still limited. The current study evaluates the impact of maternal bromoform supplementation on the health of late-gestation cows and their progeny. Pregnant Angus cows (<em>n</em> = 42) were allocated into a control or bromoform group (<em>n</em> = 21 cows per treatment). Bromoform extracted from <em>Asparagopsis armata</em> (7,372 mg/kg) was supplemented once daily. Blood samples were collected from cows before supplementation (baseline). Within 24 h of parturition, blood and colostrum samples were collected from each cow and blood from neonates. Colostrum brix was measured to indicate immunoglobulin content. All data was analysed using the MIXED procedure in SAS.</div><div>Supplementation of cows with bromoform resulted in increased blood urea to creatinine ratio (<em>P</em> = 0.048), base excess (<em>P</em> = 0.049), total carbon dioxide (TCO<sub>2</sub>; <em>P</em> = 0.048) and a decrease in blood glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; <em>P</em> = 0.031) compared to the control group. For cows in the bromoform group, a trend was observed for higher levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO<sub>2</sub>; <em>P</em> = 0.070) and bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>; <em>P</em> = 0.052), and lower levels of partial pressure of oxygen (pO<sub>2</sub>; <em>P</em> = 0.058) compared to the control group. Blood gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was elevated in offspring of cows fed bromoform (<em>P</em> = 0.050). The lower blood pO<sub>2</sub> of pregnant cows fed bromoform and elevated blood GGT levels in offspring are not well understood and highlight the need for further investigation. Additionally, the low-dose bromoform supplementation affected various blood gas parameters of cows and calves, demonstrating the importance of monitoring these parameters when using different doses of halogenated compounds in livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin following intravenous, and single and repeated oral dosing in domestic geese (Anser anser domesticus) 家鹅(anser anser domesticus)静脉注射、单次口服和重复口服可乐定后的药代动力学和组织残留。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106245
Krzysztof Bourdo , Charbel Fadel , Mario Giorgi , Anna Gajda , Magdalena Bilecka , Amnart Poapolathep , Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska
Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is a member of the polymyxin group of antibiotics. It is approved in Europe to treat enteric infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, in poultry, although the similarity of infections between species make it likely used off-label in geese as well.This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin in geese through in vivo experiments. The study involved longitudinal open studies on 16 healthy adult male geese, divided into three phases separated by one-month washout period. Geese were administered colistin via intravenous (IV, 1 mg/kg), single oral (PO, 30 mg/kg), and multiple oral (SID, 2.5 mg/kg for five consecutive days) routes, with blood samples drawn at specific intervals. Tissue samples were also collected at pre-assigned times for subsequent analysis. Colistin levels in geese plasma were quantified using a fully validated UHPLC-MS/MS method.
Plasma concentrations could be quantified up to 24 h for the single PO (n= 2) and IV (n= 4) routes, and up to 10 h (n= 6) from the last dose administered for the multiple PO route (n=6). The bioavailability was significantly low, averaging 3 %. The terminal half-life in geese was 2.18 h following IV administration, similar to values found in other avian species. Following IV administration, clearance and volume of distribution values were 0.11 mL⋅h⁻¹⋅g⁻¹ and 0.41 mL⋅g⁻¹, respectively. The body extraction ratio was low at 0.2 %, indicating minimal hepatic and renal elimination of colistin. Multiple oral doses showed no plasma accumulation, and tissue levels consistently remained below the maximum residue limit (MRL) set for food-producing animals. This study highlights the minimal systemic bioavailability and tissue penetration of colistin in geese, consistent with findings in other poultry and mammals. Future research should focus on intestinal colistin content in geese to optimize dosing strategies and minimize anti-microbial resistance.
秋水仙素又称多粘菌素 E,是多粘菌素类抗生素的一种。本研究通过体内实验研究了可乐定在鹅体内的药代动力学和组织残留。该研究对 16 只健康的成年雄鹅进行了纵向开放式研究,分为三个阶段,中间间隔一个月的清洗期。鹅通过静脉注射(IV,1 毫克/千克)、单次口服(PO,30 毫克/千克)和多次口服(SID,2.5 毫克/千克,连续五天)途径服用可乐定,并在特定时间间隔抽取血液样本。此外,还在预先指定的时间采集组织样本进行后续分析。使用经过全面验证的 UHPLC-MS/MS 方法对鹅血浆中的可乐定水平进行定量。单次口服(2 只)和静脉注射(4 只)的血浆浓度可在 24 小时内定量,多次口服(6 只)的血浆浓度可在最后一次给药后 10 小时内定量。生物利用率明显偏低,平均为 3%。鹅静脉注射后的终末半衰期为 2.18 小时,与其他禽类物种的半衰期相似。静脉注射后,清除率和分布容积值分别为 0.11mL⋅hr-¹⋅g-¹ 和 0.41mL-g-¹。体内萃取率低至 0.2%,表明肝脏和肾脏对可乐定的清除率极低。多次口服表明血浆中没有积累,组织中的含量始终低于为食用动物设定的最大残留限量(MRL)。本研究强调了大肠杆菌素在鹅体内的最小全身生物利用度和组织渗透性,这与其他家禽和哺乳动物的研究结果一致。未来的研究应重点关注鹅肠道中的可乐定含量,以优化给药策略,最大限度地降低抗微生物耐药性。
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin following intravenous, and single and repeated oral dosing in domestic geese (Anser anser domesticus)","authors":"Krzysztof Bourdo ,&nbsp;Charbel Fadel ,&nbsp;Mario Giorgi ,&nbsp;Anna Gajda ,&nbsp;Magdalena Bilecka ,&nbsp;Amnart Poapolathep ,&nbsp;Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is a member of the polymyxin group of antibiotics. It is approved in Europe to treat enteric infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as <em>Escherichia coli,</em> in poultry, although the similarity of infections between species make it likely used off-label in geese as well.This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin in geese through <em>in vivo</em> experiments. The study involved longitudinal open studies on 16 healthy adult male geese, divided into three phases separated by one-month washout period. Geese were administered colistin via intravenous (IV, 1 mg/kg), single oral (PO, 30 mg/kg), and multiple oral (SID, 2.5 mg/kg for five consecutive days) routes, with blood samples drawn at specific intervals. Tissue samples were also collected at pre-assigned times for subsequent analysis. Colistin levels in geese plasma were quantified using a fully validated UHPLC-MS/MS method.</div><div>Plasma concentrations could be quantified up to 24 h for the single PO (n= 2) and IV (n= 4) routes, and up to 10 h (n= 6) from the last dose administered for the multiple PO route (n=6). The bioavailability was significantly low, averaging 3 %. The terminal half-life in geese was 2.18 h following IV administration, similar to values found in other avian species. Following IV administration, clearance and volume of distribution values were 0.11 mL⋅h⁻¹⋅g⁻¹ and 0.41 mL⋅g⁻¹, respectively. The body extraction ratio was low at 0.2 %, indicating minimal hepatic and renal elimination of colistin. Multiple oral doses showed no plasma accumulation, and tissue levels consistently remained below the maximum residue limit (MRL) set for food-producing animals. This study highlights the minimal systemic bioavailability and tissue penetration of colistin in geese, consistent with findings in other poultry and mammals. Future research should focus on intestinal colistin content in geese to optimize dosing strategies and minimize anti-microbial resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001849/pdfft?md5=6bb1cf743b0c93a273e3074699585960&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001849-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dose titration of intravenously administered gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for sedation in Holstein-Friesian calves 静脉注射γ-羟丁酸镇静荷斯坦-弗里斯兰犊牛的剂量滴定法
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106246
C. Cuypers , B. Alonso , M. Devreese , S. Schauvliege

Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a short-chain fatty acid that can potentially provide safe, prolonged sedation with minimal cardiorespiratory effects. This preliminary trial, performed in 10 three-week-old male Holstein-Friesian calves, investigated the effects of GHB administered intravenously over 5 min at a dose of 100 (G100, n=2), 150 (G150, n=4) or 200 mg/kg (G200, n=4). Once lateral recumbency was achieved, scores for sedation depth (range: 0 = no sedation to 3 = marked) and response to noxious stimulation (range: 0 = strong to 3 = absent), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and arterial blood gases were monitored every 15 min until sternal recumbency. Times from end of administration to lateral recumbency and return to sternal/standing positions were recorded. Dose G100 resulted in mild sedation and ataxia without decubitus. Doses G150 and G200 respectively resulted in time to lateral recumbency 8 ± 2 and 9 ± 3 min, lasting 189 ± 41 and 283 ± 29 min, while overall median (range) scores for sedation were 3 (1−3) and 3 (2−3) respectively and response to noxious stimulation 0 (0−3) and 0 (0−3) respectively. The mean ± SD for HR was 110 ± 10 and 106 ± 11 bpm respectively; for MAP 87±9 and 94±5 mmHg respectively; and for RR 28 ± 5 and 26 ± 5 bpm respectively. The mean ± SD for arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) at these two dose rates was 74 ± 6 and 74 ± 2 mmHg respectively, while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide oxygen (PaCO2) was 53 ± 3 and 47 ± 0.8 mmHg respectively. Based on these preliminary results we conclude that GHB has the potential to be used as a long-acting sedative in calves. Further studies are needed to confirm this.

γ-羟丁酸(GHB)是一种短链脂肪酸,可提供安全、持久的镇静效果,对心肺功能的影响极小。这项初步试验以 10 头三周大的荷斯坦-弗里斯兰雄性小牛为对象,研究了 5 分钟内静脉注射 GHB 的效果,剂量分别为 100 毫克/千克(G100,2 头)、150 毫克/千克(G150,4 头)或 200 毫克/千克(G200,4 头)。实现侧卧后,每隔 15 分钟监测镇静深度(范围:0 = 无镇静到 3 = 明显镇静)和对有害刺激的反应(范围:0 = 强烈到 3 = 无反应)、心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和动脉血气的评分,直至胸骨复位。记录从给药结束到侧卧位和恢复胸骨位/站立位的时间。剂量 G100 可导致轻度镇静和共济失调,但无褥疮。剂量 G150 和 G200 分别导致侧卧时间为 8 ± 2 分钟和 9 ± 3 分钟,持续时间分别为 189 ± 41 分钟和 283 ± 29 分钟,镇静的总体中位数(范围)分别为 3(1-3)分和 3(2-3)分,对有害刺激的反应分别为 0(0-3)分和 0(0-3)分。心率(HR)的平均值(±SD)分别为 110 ± 10 和 106 ± 11 bpm;血压(MAP)分别为 87 ± 9 和 94 ± 5 mmHg;心率(RR)分别为 28 ± 5 和 26 ± 5 bpm。在这两个剂量率下,动脉血氧分压(PaO2)的平均值(±SD)分别为 74 ± 6 和 74 ± 2 mmHg,而动脉血二氧化碳氧分压(PaCO2)分别为 53 ± 3 和 47 ± 0.8 mmHg。根据这些初步结果,我们得出结论:GHB 有可能用作小牛的长效镇静剂。还需要进一步的研究来证实这一点。
{"title":"Dose titration of intravenously administered gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for sedation in Holstein-Friesian calves","authors":"C. Cuypers ,&nbsp;B. Alonso ,&nbsp;M. Devreese ,&nbsp;S. Schauvliege","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a short-chain fatty acid that can potentially provide safe, prolonged sedation with minimal cardiorespiratory effects. This preliminary trial, performed in 10 three-week-old male Holstein-Friesian calves, investigated the effects of GHB administered intravenously over 5 min at a dose of 100 (G100, <em>n</em>=2), 150 (G150, <em>n</em>=4) or 200 mg/kg (G200, <em>n</em>=4). Once lateral recumbency was achieved, scores for sedation depth (range: 0 = no sedation to 3 = marked) and response to noxious stimulation (range: 0 = strong to 3 = absent), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and arterial blood gases were monitored every 15 min until sternal recumbency. Times from end of administration to lateral recumbency and return to sternal/standing positions were recorded. Dose G100 resulted in mild sedation and ataxia without decubitus. Doses G150 and G200 respectively resulted in time to lateral recumbency 8 ± 2 and 9 ± 3 min, lasting 189 ± 41 and 283 ± 29 min, while overall median (range) scores for sedation were 3 (1−3) and 3 (2−3) respectively and response to noxious stimulation 0 (0−3) and 0 (0−3) respectively. The mean ± SD for HR was 110 ± 10 and 106 ± 11 bpm respectively; for MAP 87±9 and 94±5 mmHg respectively; and for RR 28 ± 5 and 26 ± 5 bpm respectively. The mean ± SD for arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) at these two dose rates was 74 ± 6 and 74 ± 2 mmHg respectively, while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide oxygen (PaCO<sub>2</sub>) was 53 ± 3 and 47 ± 0.8 mmHg respectively. Based on these preliminary results we conclude that GHB has the potential to be used as a long-acting sedative in calves. Further studies are needed to confirm this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extracellular vesicles in kidney disease – A veterinary perspective 肾病中的细胞外囊泡--兽医视角。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106247
Jack S. Lawson , Timothy L. Williams
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane bound vesicles secreted from cells into the extracellular space which have an emerging role in both normal kidney physiology and the pathophysiology of kidney injury, predominantly as mediators of intercellular communication. EVs contain proteins and RNA cargo which reflect their cell of origin and can be isolated from the urine of cats and dogs. The majority of urinary EVs (uEVs) originate from the kidney, and both the uEV proteome and transcriptome have been investigated as sources of biomarkers of kidney disease. In addition to their possible diagnostic role, EVs may also have therapeutic potential, and veterinary species have been used as models to demonstrate the efficacy of exogenous EVs derived from mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of acute kidney injury. Furthermore, bioengineered EVs may represent a novel vehicle for the administration of drugs or therapeutic nucleic acids in kidney disease. This article reviews the biological functions of EVs within the kidney, techniques for their isolation, and their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic agents, with particular focus on the potential significance to veterinary patients.
细胞外囊泡(EVs)是细胞分泌到细胞外空间的膜结合囊泡,在正常肾脏生理和肾脏损伤的病理生理学中都扮演着新的角色,主要是作为细胞间通信的媒介。EVs含有蛋白质和RNA,反映了它们的来源细胞,可以从猫和狗的尿液中分离出来。大多数尿液 EVs(uEVs)来自肾脏,uEV 蛋白质组和转录组已被研究为肾脏疾病的生物标志物来源。除了可能的诊断作用外,EVs 还可能具有治疗潜力,兽类已被用作模型来证明源自间充质基质细胞的外源性 EVs 在治疗急性肾损伤方面的疗效。此外,生物工程EVs可能是在肾脏疾病中施用药物或治疗性核酸的新型载体。本文综述了EVs在肾脏中的生物功能、EVs分离技术及其作为生物标记物和治疗剂的潜在用途,并特别关注其对兽医患者的潜在意义。
{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in kidney disease – A veterinary perspective","authors":"Jack S. Lawson ,&nbsp;Timothy L. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane bound vesicles secreted from cells into the extracellular space which have an emerging role in both normal kidney physiology and the pathophysiology of kidney injury, predominantly as mediators of intercellular communication. EVs contain proteins and RNA cargo which reflect their cell of origin and can be isolated from the urine of cats and dogs. The majority of urinary EVs (uEVs) originate from the kidney, and both the uEV proteome and transcriptome have been investigated as sources of biomarkers of kidney disease. In addition to their possible diagnostic role, EVs may also have therapeutic potential, and veterinary species have been used as models to demonstrate the efficacy of exogenous EVs derived from mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of acute kidney injury. Furthermore, bioengineered EVs may represent a novel vehicle for the administration of drugs or therapeutic nucleic acids in kidney disease. This article reviews the biological functions of EVs within the kidney, techniques for their isolation, and their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic agents, with particular focus on the potential significance to veterinary patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001862/pdfft?md5=e94c4ce82bdba93d2e93aba0e67e774b&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001862-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Salmonella pathogenesis-based In-silico design and immunoinformatic analysis of multi-epitope vaccine constructs in broiler veterinary medicine 基于沙门氏菌致病机理的肉鸡兽医多表位疫苗构建体的 In-silico 设计和免疫形式分析
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106240
Yuliana I. Mora-Ochoa, Lenin J. Ramirez-Cando

Salmonellosis, a zoonotic gastrointestinal disease, presents a significant global health burden with a high incidence rate. Transmission primarily occurs through the consumption of contaminated poultry products, although water and contact with asymptomatic animals are also vectors. The disease’s pervasiveness has prompted international health organizations to advocate for robust prevention and control strategies. This study focuses on the in-silico design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium’s fimH protein, a fimbriae component crucial for bacterial adhesion and pathogenicity. The vaccine construct was developed by identifying and synthesizing non-allergenic, antigenic, and non-toxic epitopes for both Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Helper T Lymphocytes. Adjuvants were incorporated to enhance immunogenicity, and the vaccine’s structure was modeled using advanced bioinformatics tools. The proposed vaccine demonstrated promising antigenicity and immunogenicity profiles, with a favorable physical-chemical property analysis. The vaccine’s structures, designed by computational analysis, suggests high likelihood to native protein configurations. Antigenicity and allergenicity assessments validate the vaccine’s immunogenic potential and hypoallergenic nature. Physicochemical evaluations indicate favorable stability and solubility profiles, essential for vaccine efficacy. This comprehensive approach to vaccine design expressed in Chlorella vulgaris holds promises for effective salmonellosis control. The multi-epitope vaccine, designed through meticulous in-silico methods, emerges as a promising candidate for controlling salmonellosis. Its strategic construction based on the fimH protein epitopes offers a targeted approach to elicit a robust immune response, potentially curbing the spread of this disease in poultry.

沙门氏菌病是一种人畜共患的胃肠道疾病,发病率高,给全球健康带来沉重负担。沙门氏菌病主要通过食用受污染的禽类产品传播,但水和与无症状动物的接触也是传播媒介。这种疾病的普遍性促使国际卫生组织倡导采取有力的预防和控制策略。本研究的重点是针对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的 fimH 蛋白(一种对细菌粘附性和致病性至关重要的缘膜成分),在实验室内设计一种多表位疫苗。疫苗构建物是通过识别和合成针对细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞和辅助性 T 淋巴细胞的非过敏性、抗原性和无毒性表位而开发的。疫苗中加入了佐剂以增强免疫原性,并使用先进的生物信息学工具对疫苗结构进行了建模。拟议的疫苗表现出良好的抗原性和免疫原性特征,并具有良好的物理化学性质分析。通过计算分析设计的疫苗结构与原生蛋白构型相似度很高。抗原性和过敏性评估验证了疫苗的免疫原性和低过敏性。理化评估表明,疫苗具有良好的稳定性和可溶性,这对疫苗的功效至关重要。这种在小球藻中表达的综合疫苗设计方法有望有效控制沙门氏菌病。通过缜密的内模拟方法设计出的多表位疫苗是控制沙门氏菌病的理想候选疫苗。它基于 fimH 蛋白表位的策略性结构提供了一种有针对性的方法,可引起强有力的免疫反应,从而有可能遏制这种疾病在家禽中的传播。
{"title":"Salmonella pathogenesis-based In-silico design and immunoinformatic analysis of multi-epitope vaccine constructs in broiler veterinary medicine","authors":"Yuliana I. Mora-Ochoa,&nbsp;Lenin J. Ramirez-Cando","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salmonellosis, a zoonotic gastrointestinal disease, presents a significant global health burden with a high incidence rate. Transmission primarily occurs through the consumption of contaminated poultry products, although water and contact with asymptomatic animals are also vectors. The disease’s pervasiveness has prompted international health organizations to advocate for robust prevention and control strategies. This study focuses on the <em>in-silico</em> design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium’s fimH protein, a fimbriae component crucial for bacterial adhesion and pathogenicity. The vaccine construct was developed by identifying and synthesizing non-allergenic, antigenic, and non-toxic epitopes for both Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Helper T Lymphocytes. Adjuvants were incorporated to enhance immunogenicity, and the vaccine’s structure was modeled using advanced bioinformatics tools. The proposed vaccine demonstrated promising antigenicity and immunogenicity profiles, with a favorable physical-chemical property analysis. The vaccine’s structures, designed by computational analysis, suggests high likelihood to native protein configurations. Antigenicity and allergenicity assessments validate the vaccine’s immunogenic potential and hypoallergenic nature. Physicochemical evaluations indicate favorable stability and solubility profiles, essential for vaccine efficacy. This comprehensive approach to vaccine design expressed in <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> holds promises for effective salmonellosis control. The multi-epitope vaccine, designed through meticulous <em>in-silico</em> methods, emerges as a promising candidate for controlling salmonellosis. Its strategic construction based on the fimH protein epitopes offers a targeted approach to elicit a robust immune response, potentially curbing the spread of this disease in poultry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Benchmarking claw health across three dairy cow breeds in 508 dairy farms using numerical claw health indicators 使用数字爪健康指标对 508 个奶牛场中三个奶牛品种的爪健康状况进行基准分析
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106242
J. Kofler , P. Berger , C. Egger-Danner , B. Fuerst-Waltl

Currently, prevalence and incidence of claw lesions are used as parameters for benchmarking claw health. The aims of this study were to create a benchmarking system for claw health utilizing the claw health indicators Farm-Claw-Score (FCS) for the herd and Cow-Claw-Score (CCS) for the individual animal, and to benchmark claw health of the three predominant dairy cattle breeds in Austria. Claw health data from 17,642 cows from 508 Austrian dairy farms were analyzed. The CCS and FCS were calculated based on recorded claw lesions and their three severity levels using geometrically weighted scoring. The FCS of each of the dairy farms was classified into five percentile thresholds (P10, P25, P50, P75, P90), with the FCS calculated using the median value of CCS in each herd. Furthermore, claw health was benchmarked for three breeds (Fleckvieh, Holstein, Brown Swiss cows), using claw lesion prevalences and CCS values.

When the median FCS was calculated, dairy farms in P50 and below had an FCS of 20.0, indicating very good claw health. However, P90 farms showed an FCS-MEDIAN of 67.5. Evaluation of the prevalences of the 14 claw lesions considered and the CCS values revealed that Fleckvieh cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 24.0), followed closely by Holstein cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 22.7) had significantly poorer claw health (P < 0.0001) compared to Brown Swiss cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 12.0). The use of CCS and FCS as primary claw health indicators allowed for a quick assessment of the current state of an individual cow and a dairy herd in a benchmarking system. Detailed information on the claw health of each animal and the dairy herd can be easily reviewed by examining diagnosis lists that display prevalences, particularly those related to lameness, in the respective electronic documentation systems.

目前,爪伤的流行率和发病率被用作爪健康基准的参数。本研究的目的是利用牛群的牛爪健康指数(FCS)和个体的牛爪健康指数(CCS)建立一个牛爪健康基准系统,并对奥地利三个主要奶牛品种的牛爪健康状况进行基准测试。对来自奥地利 508 个奶牛场的 17,642 头奶牛的牛爪健康数据进行了分析。根据记录的牛爪病变及其三个严重程度,采用几何加权评分法计算出 CCS 和 FCS。每个奶牛场的 FCS 被划分为五个百分位阈值(P10、P25、P50、P75、P90),而 FCS 是根据每个牛群的 CCS 中位值计算得出的。此外,还使用爪伤发病率和 CCS 值对三个品种(弗莱克维赫牛、荷斯坦牛和棕瑞牛)的爪伤健康状况进行了基准测试。计算 FCS 中位数时,P50 及以下的牧场 FCS 为 20.0,表明爪伤健康状况非常好。然而,P90 级牧场的 FCS-MEDIAN 值为 67.5。对所考虑的 14 种牛爪病变的发病率和 CCS 值进行评估后发现,与棕瑞牛(CCS-MEDAN:12.0)相比,弗莱克维赫牛(CCS-MEDAN:24.0)的牛爪健康状况明显较差(P < 0.0001),紧随其后的是荷斯坦牛(CCS-MEDAN:22.7)。使用CCS和FCS作为主要的牛爪健康指标,可在基准系统中快速评估奶牛个体和牛群的现状。通过查看相应电子文档系统中显示患病率(尤其是与跛足相关的患病率)的诊断列表,可轻松查看每头奶牛和奶牛群的详细爪部健康信息。
{"title":"Benchmarking claw health across three dairy cow breeds in 508 dairy farms using numerical claw health indicators","authors":"J. Kofler ,&nbsp;P. Berger ,&nbsp;C. Egger-Danner ,&nbsp;B. Fuerst-Waltl","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, prevalence and incidence of claw lesions are used as parameters for benchmarking claw health. The aims of this study were to create a benchmarking system for claw health utilizing the claw health indicators Farm-Claw-Score (FCS) for the herd and Cow-Claw-Score (CCS) for the individual animal, and to benchmark claw health of the three predominant dairy cattle breeds in Austria. Claw health data from 17,642 cows from 508 Austrian dairy farms were analyzed. The CCS and FCS were calculated based on recorded claw lesions and their three severity levels using geometrically weighted scoring. The FCS of each of the dairy farms was classified into five percentile thresholds (P10, P25, P50, P75, P90), with the FCS calculated using the median value of CCS in each herd. Furthermore, claw health was benchmarked for three breeds (Fleckvieh, Holstein, Brown Swiss cows), using claw lesion prevalences and CCS values.</p><p>When the median FCS was calculated, dairy farms in P50 and below had an FCS of 20.0, indicating very good claw health. However, P90 farms showed an FCS-MEDIAN of 67.5. Evaluation of the prevalences of the 14 claw lesions considered and the CCS values revealed that Fleckvieh cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 24.0), followed closely by Holstein cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 22.7) had significantly poorer claw health (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) compared to Brown Swiss cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 12.0). The use of CCS and FCS as primary claw health indicators allowed for a quick assessment of the current state of an individual cow and a dairy herd in a benchmarking system. Detailed information on the claw health of each animal and the dairy herd can be easily reviewed by examining diagnosis lists that display prevalences, particularly those related to lameness, in the respective electronic documentation systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001813/pdfft?md5=d8a618cb8f0f869934c7d7acfc070c20&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001813-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An exploratory study of cervical disc degeneration model and mechanism of acupuncture therapy in rabbits 兔子颈椎间盘退变模型及针灸疗法机理的探索性研究
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106244
Wei Liu , Qianyu Jia , Haidong Pang , Bo Kang , Jiahao Lin

Acupuncture is an important therapy method in traditional Chinese medicine for treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), offering a wide range of applications. It is based on the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine and combines the stage of the disease course and individual differences for syndrome differentiation and treatment. However, there are few studies on the acupuncture treatment of cervical disc degeneration (CDD) in rabbits. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic principle of Chinese veterinary treatment. The selection of acupoints for external treatment should be based on individual etiology and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, most current studies do not follow this guideline. In this study, we established the CDD model and explored the mechanism of acupuncture treatment in alleviating CDD in rabbits by selecting a group of main acupoints including cervical Jiaji, Fengchi, Tianzhu, Naohu, Dazhui, and Houxi acupoints, combined with Western medicine's understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis, from the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and tissue-repairing perspectives. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the successful establishment of the rabbit CDD model. Acupuncture stimulation reduced the increase of average and maximum neck temperature due to CDD in rabbits. The acupuncture treatment relieved the spinal disc damage in the neck of the rabbit, which also decreased the expression level of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and increased the expression level of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2. In addition, it can alleviate the abnormal apoptosis of rabbit intervertebral disc, decrease the expression level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, and PGE2α, and alleviate the intense inflammation and pain response caused by CDD in rabbits. In conclusion, Acupuncture treatment can slow down the CDD of rabbits by regulating the inflammatory response and abnormal apoptosis of intervertebral disc tissue.

针灸是传统中医治疗椎间盘退变(IVDD)的重要治疗方法,应用范围广泛。它以中兽医理论为基础,结合病程阶段和个体差异进行辨证论治。然而,针灸治疗兔子颈椎间盘退变(CDD)的研究却很少。辨证论治是中兽医治疗的基本原则。外治法的穴位选择应以个体病因病机为基础。然而,目前大多数研究并未遵循这一原则。本研究结合西医对颈椎病发病机理的认识,从抗炎、镇痛、组织修复等方面入手,选取颈椎的交趾、风池、天柱、直肠、大椎、后溪等主穴,建立了CDD模型,并探讨了针刺治疗缓解家兔CDD的机理。磁共振成像(MRI)证实了兔 CDD 模型的成功建立。针灸刺激降低了 CDD 引起的兔子颈部平均温度和最高温度的升高。针刺治疗缓解了家兔颈部的椎间盘损伤,同时降低了促凋亡因子 Bax 的表达水平,提高了抗凋亡因子 Bcl-2 的表达水平。此外,针灸还能缓解家兔椎间盘的异常凋亡,降低TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、PGE2α等炎症因子的表达水平,减轻CDD引起的强烈炎症反应和疼痛反应。总之,针灸治疗可以通过调节炎症反应和椎间盘组织的异常凋亡来减缓家兔的 CDD。
{"title":"An exploratory study of cervical disc degeneration model and mechanism of acupuncture therapy in rabbits","authors":"Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Qianyu Jia ,&nbsp;Haidong Pang ,&nbsp;Bo Kang ,&nbsp;Jiahao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acupuncture is an important therapy method in traditional Chinese medicine for treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), offering a wide range of applications. It is based on the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine and combines the stage of the disease course and individual differences for syndrome differentiation and treatment. However, there are few studies on the acupuncture treatment of cervical disc degeneration (CDD) in rabbits. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic principle of Chinese veterinary treatment. The selection of acupoints for external treatment should be based on individual etiology and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, most current studies do not follow this guideline. In this study, we established the CDD model and explored the mechanism of acupuncture treatment in alleviating CDD in rabbits by selecting a group of main acupoints including cervical Jiaji, Fengchi, Tianzhu, Naohu, Dazhui, and Houxi acupoints, combined with Western medicine's understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis, from the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and tissue-repairing perspectives. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the successful establishment of the rabbit CDD model. Acupuncture stimulation reduced the increase of average and maximum neck temperature due to CDD in rabbits. The acupuncture treatment relieved the spinal disc damage in the neck of the rabbit, which also decreased the expression level of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and increased the expression level of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2. In addition, it can alleviate the abnormal apoptosis of rabbit intervertebral disc, decrease the expression level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, and PGE2α, and alleviate the intense inflammation and pain response caused by CDD in rabbits. In conclusion, Acupuncture treatment can slow down the CDD of rabbits by regulating the inflammatory response and abnormal apoptosis of intervertebral disc tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Owner expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for canine acute diarrhea: A prospective observational study from the capital of Denmark 犬主对犬急性腹泻抗菌药处方的期望:丹麦首都的前瞻性观察研究
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106243
A.S. Gravgaard , L.R. Jessen , C.R. Bjørnvad , P.L. Heidemann , K.J. Christensen , E.K.S. Kristensen , N. Dupont

Acute diarrhea is a common condition in dogs. Most cases are mild and self-limiting and according to guidelines, antimicrobial treatment is only indicated in dogs with severe systemic disease. However, antimicrobials are still prescribed in 50–65 % of mild cases. Multiple factors have been shown to influence the antimicrobial prescription decision, including perceived pressure from pet owners. This study aimed to investigate dog owners’ expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for dogs with acute diarrhea and the attending veterinarians’ perceived owner expectation. To investigate this, a structured telephone interview with owners and a post-consultation questionnaire for the attending veterinarians were conducted. Ninety-nine unique dog-consultations were included with a 91 % owner response rate (n = 90), in these cases 63 % of veterinarians responded (n = 57). Only 6/90 (7 %) owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobial prescription. Of these, two expressed dissatisfaction that antimicrobials were withheld. In 5/57 cases, the attending veterinarian perceived an expectation to prescribe antimicrobials. Three cases aligned with an actual owner expectation, the latter two were pure perception. Eighty percent of owners expressed satisfaction with the consultation in general (n = 72/90), while 16 % (14/90) and 4 % (4/90) expressed minor or major dissatisfaction with non-treatment related issues, respectively. In this study, very few dog owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobials for treatment of acute diarrhea. Likewise, the veterinarians perceived an expectation in only a minority of cases, however, the actual and perceived expectation did not always align. In conclusion, this study suggests that an overall high owner satisfaction is feasible despite a non-antimicrobial approach.

急性腹泻是狗的常见病。大多数病例都是轻微和自限性的,根据指南,只有患有严重全身性疾病的狗才需要接受抗菌治疗。但是,仍有 50-65% 的轻微病例需要使用抗菌药物。研究表明,多种因素会影响抗菌药处方的决定,其中包括宠物主人所感受到的压力。本研究旨在调查狗主人对急性腹泻狗抗菌处方的期望以及主治兽医对狗主人期望的感知。为此,研究人员对狗主人进行了结构化电话访谈,并对主治兽医进行了诊后问卷调查。在这些案例中,有 63% 的兽医做出了回应(n = 57)。只有 6/90 (7 %) 的狗主对抗菌药处方表示期望。其中,有 2 人对拒用抗菌药物表示不满。在 5/57 例病例中,主治兽医认为期望开具抗菌药物。其中三例与动物主人的实际期望一致,后两例则纯属感知。80%的狗主人对会诊总体表示满意(n = 72/90),16%(14/90)和4%(4/90)的狗主人分别对与治疗无关的问题表示轻微或严重不满。在这项研究中,很少有狗主人表示希望使用抗菌药物治疗急性腹泻。同样,兽医也仅在少数病例中认为狗主期望使用抗菌药,但实际期望与兽医认为的期望并不总是一致。总之,本研究表明,尽管采用非抗菌药物治疗方法,但狗主人的总体满意度还是很高的。
{"title":"Owner expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for canine acute diarrhea: A prospective observational study from the capital of Denmark","authors":"A.S. Gravgaard ,&nbsp;L.R. Jessen ,&nbsp;C.R. Bjørnvad ,&nbsp;P.L. Heidemann ,&nbsp;K.J. Christensen ,&nbsp;E.K.S. Kristensen ,&nbsp;N. Dupont","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute diarrhea is a common condition in dogs. Most cases are mild and self-limiting and according to guidelines, antimicrobial treatment is only indicated in dogs with severe systemic disease. However, antimicrobials are still prescribed in 50–65 % of mild cases. Multiple factors have been shown to influence the antimicrobial prescription decision, including perceived pressure from pet owners. This study aimed to investigate dog owners’ expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for dogs with acute diarrhea and the attending veterinarians’ perceived owner expectation. To investigate this, a structured telephone interview with owners and a post-consultation questionnaire for the attending veterinarians were conducted. Ninety-nine unique dog-consultations were included with a 91 % owner response rate (n = 90), in these cases 63 % of veterinarians responded (n = 57). Only 6/90 (7 %) owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobial prescription. Of these, two expressed dissatisfaction that antimicrobials were withheld. In 5/57 cases, the attending veterinarian perceived an expectation to prescribe antimicrobials. Three cases aligned with an actual owner expectation, the latter two were pure perception. Eighty percent of owners expressed satisfaction with the consultation in general (n = 72/90), while 16 % (14/90) and 4 % (4/90) expressed minor or major dissatisfaction with non-treatment related issues, respectively. In this study, very few dog owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobials for treatment of acute diarrhea. Likewise, the veterinarians perceived an expectation in only a minority of cases, however, the actual and perceived expectation did not always align. In conclusion, this study suggests that an overall high owner satisfaction is feasible despite a non-antimicrobial approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001825/pdfft?md5=8e04c153f14989efb918665147b069b7&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001825-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced immune response with baculovirus-expressed BoHV-1 glycoprotein D in vaccine development 在疫苗开发过程中利用芽孢杆菌病毒表达的 BoHV-1 糖蛋白 D 增强免疫反应
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106228
Nguyen-Thanh Hoa , Haroon Afzal , Uudamsaikhan Gundegmaa , Odbileg Raadan , Li-Ting Cheng , Chun-Yen Chu , Thu-Dung Doan , Yao-Chi Chung

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), a significant pathogen in the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, primarily infects cattle and causes the upper respiratory disease known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). In silico studies evaluated the BoHV-1 D protein to be non-allergenic, non-toxic, and highly antigenic, highlighting its potential as an antigen for vaccine development. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a subunit vaccine using the ectodomain of glycoprotein D (gD34–380) as an antigen. The truncated gD was successfully cloned and expressed in both Escherichia coli (E. coli, termed EgD) and baculovirus (termed BgD) systems, with expected molecular weights of 65 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. For the vaccine formulation, the gD proteins were used either alone or in combination with in-house inactivated BoHV-1. Vaccination of mice and bovines showed that baculovirus-expressed gD34–380 accelerated the antibody response. Moreover, the BgD-vaccinated group also showed significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels against BoHV-1 than the control group (p<0.0001). In conclusion, our study found that BgD from BoHV-1 can increase the immune response and enhance vaccine efficacy.

牛疱疹病毒 1(BoHV-1)是α-疱疹病毒亚家族中的一种重要病原体,主要感染牛,并引起牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)等上呼吸道疾病。硅学研究评估认为,BoHV-1 的 D 蛋白无过敏性、无毒性且具有高度抗原性,突出了其作为疫苗开发抗原的潜力。因此,本研究旨在评估以糖蛋白 D 外显子域(gD34-380)为抗原的亚单位疫苗的功效。截短的 gD 被成功克隆并在大肠杆菌(E. coli,称为 EgD)和杆状病毒(Baculovirus,称为 BgD)系统中表达,预期分子量分别为 65kDa 和 50kDa。在疫苗配方中,gD 蛋白可单独使用,也可与内部灭活的 BoHV-1 结合使用。对小鼠和牛进行的疫苗接种表明,杆状病毒表达的 gD34-380 可加速抗体反应。此外,接种 BgD 疫苗组对 BoHV-1 的中和抗体水平也明显高于对照组(p
{"title":"Enhanced immune response with baculovirus-expressed BoHV-1 glycoprotein D in vaccine development","authors":"Nguyen-Thanh Hoa ,&nbsp;Haroon Afzal ,&nbsp;Uudamsaikhan Gundegmaa ,&nbsp;Odbileg Raadan ,&nbsp;Li-Ting Cheng ,&nbsp;Chun-Yen Chu ,&nbsp;Thu-Dung Doan ,&nbsp;Yao-Chi Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), a significant pathogen in the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, primarily infects cattle and causes the upper respiratory disease known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). In silico studies evaluated the BoHV-1 D protein to be non-allergenic, non-toxic, and highly antigenic, highlighting its potential as an antigen for vaccine development. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a subunit vaccine using the ectodomain of glycoprotein D (gD<sub>34–380</sub>) as an antigen. The truncated gD was successfully cloned and expressed in both <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>, termed EgD) and baculovirus (termed BgD) systems, with expected molecular weights of 65 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. For the vaccine formulation, the gD proteins were used either alone or in combination with in-house inactivated BoHV-1. Vaccination of mice and bovines showed that baculovirus-expressed gD<sub>34–380</sub> accelerated the antibody response. Moreover, the BgD-vaccinated group also showed significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels against BoHV-1 than the control group (p&lt;0.0001). In conclusion, our study found that BgD from BoHV-1 can increase the immune response and enhance vaccine efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exocrine pancreatic inflammation in canine diabetes mellitus – An active offender? 犬糖尿病中的胰腺外分泌炎症--活跃的罪犯?
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106241
Arielle Johnson-Pitt , Brian Catchpole , Lucy J. Davison

The purpose of this review is to examine the current scientific literature regarding the interplay between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, specifically the role of the exocrine pancreas in the pathogenesis of canine diabetes mellitus. β-cell death caused by exocrine pancreatic inflammation is thought to be an under-recognised contributor to diabetes mellitus in dogs, with up to 30 % of canine diabetic patients with concurrent evidence of pancreatitis at post-mortem examination. Current diagnostics for pancreatitis are imprecise, and treatments for both diseases individually have their own limitations: diabetes through daily insulin injections, which has both welfare and financial implications for the stakeholders, and pancreatitis through treatment of clinical signs, such as analgesia and anti-emetics, rather than targeted treatment of the underlying cause. This review will consider the evidence for exocrine pancreatic inflammation making an active contribution to pancreatic β-cell loss and insulin-deficiency diabetes in the dog and explore current and potential future diagnostic and treatment avenues to improve outcomes for these patients.

本综述旨在研究当前有关胰腺外分泌和内分泌之间相互作用的科学文献,特别是胰腺外分泌在犬糖尿病发病机制中的作用。由胰腺外分泌炎症引起的β细胞死亡被认为是犬糖尿病的一个未被充分认识到的因素,高达 30% 的犬糖尿病患者在死后检查时同时有胰腺炎的证据。目前对胰腺炎的诊断并不精确,而对这两种疾病的治疗也各有局限:糖尿病患者需要每天注射胰岛素,这对利益相关者的福利和经济都有影响;胰腺炎患者需要治疗临床症状,如镇痛和止吐,而不是针对根本原因进行治疗。本综述将考虑胰腺外分泌炎症对胰腺β细胞丢失和犬胰岛素缺乏性糖尿病有积极作用的证据,并探索当前和未来潜在的诊断和治疗途径,以改善这些患者的预后。
{"title":"Exocrine pancreatic inflammation in canine diabetes mellitus – An active offender?","authors":"Arielle Johnson-Pitt ,&nbsp;Brian Catchpole ,&nbsp;Lucy J. Davison","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this review is to examine the current scientific literature regarding the interplay between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, specifically the role of the exocrine pancreas in the pathogenesis of canine diabetes mellitus. β-cell death caused by exocrine pancreatic inflammation is thought to be an under-recognised contributor to diabetes mellitus in dogs, with up to 30 % of canine diabetic patients with concurrent evidence of pancreatitis at post-mortem examination. Current diagnostics for pancreatitis are imprecise, and treatments for both diseases individually have their own limitations: diabetes through daily insulin injections, which has both welfare and financial implications for the stakeholders, and pancreatitis through treatment of clinical signs, such as analgesia and anti-emetics, rather than targeted treatment of the underlying cause. This review will consider the evidence for exocrine pancreatic inflammation making an active contribution to pancreatic β-cell loss and insulin-deficiency diabetes in the dog and explore current and potential future diagnostic and treatment avenues to improve outcomes for these patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001801/pdfft?md5=842536cb9de55741f18a03fa10344fe4&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001801-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Veterinary journal
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1