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Benchmarking claw health across three dairy cow breeds in 508 dairy farms using numerical claw health indicators 使用数字爪健康指标对 508 个奶牛场中三个奶牛品种的爪健康状况进行基准分析
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106242
J. Kofler , P. Berger , C. Egger-Danner , B. Fuerst-Waltl

Currently, prevalence and incidence of claw lesions are used as parameters for benchmarking claw health. The aims of this study were to create a benchmarking system for claw health utilizing the claw health indicators Farm-Claw-Score (FCS) for the herd and Cow-Claw-Score (CCS) for the individual animal, and to benchmark claw health of the three predominant dairy cattle breeds in Austria. Claw health data from 17,642 cows from 508 Austrian dairy farms were analyzed. The CCS and FCS were calculated based on recorded claw lesions and their three severity levels using geometrically weighted scoring. The FCS of each of the dairy farms was classified into five percentile thresholds (P10, P25, P50, P75, P90), with the FCS calculated using the median value of CCS in each herd. Furthermore, claw health was benchmarked for three breeds (Fleckvieh, Holstein, Brown Swiss cows), using claw lesion prevalences and CCS values.

When the median FCS was calculated, dairy farms in P50 and below had an FCS of 20.0, indicating very good claw health. However, P90 farms showed an FCS-MEDIAN of 67.5. Evaluation of the prevalences of the 14 claw lesions considered and the CCS values revealed that Fleckvieh cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 24.0), followed closely by Holstein cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 22.7) had significantly poorer claw health (P < 0.0001) compared to Brown Swiss cows (CCS-MEDIAN: 12.0). The use of CCS and FCS as primary claw health indicators allowed for a quick assessment of the current state of an individual cow and a dairy herd in a benchmarking system. Detailed information on the claw health of each animal and the dairy herd can be easily reviewed by examining diagnosis lists that display prevalences, particularly those related to lameness, in the respective electronic documentation systems.

目前,爪伤的流行率和发病率被用作爪健康基准的参数。本研究的目的是利用牛群的牛爪健康指数(FCS)和个体的牛爪健康指数(CCS)建立一个牛爪健康基准系统,并对奥地利三个主要奶牛品种的牛爪健康状况进行基准测试。对来自奥地利 508 个奶牛场的 17,642 头奶牛的牛爪健康数据进行了分析。根据记录的牛爪病变及其三个严重程度,采用几何加权评分法计算出 CCS 和 FCS。每个奶牛场的 FCS 被划分为五个百分位阈值(P10、P25、P50、P75、P90),而 FCS 是根据每个牛群的 CCS 中位值计算得出的。此外,还使用爪伤发病率和 CCS 值对三个品种(弗莱克维赫牛、荷斯坦牛和棕瑞牛)的爪伤健康状况进行了基准测试。计算 FCS 中位数时,P50 及以下的牧场 FCS 为 20.0,表明爪伤健康状况非常好。然而,P90 级牧场的 FCS-MEDIAN 值为 67.5。对所考虑的 14 种牛爪病变的发病率和 CCS 值进行评估后发现,与棕瑞牛(CCS-MEDAN:12.0)相比,弗莱克维赫牛(CCS-MEDAN:24.0)的牛爪健康状况明显较差(P < 0.0001),紧随其后的是荷斯坦牛(CCS-MEDAN:22.7)。使用CCS和FCS作为主要的牛爪健康指标,可在基准系统中快速评估奶牛个体和牛群的现状。通过查看相应电子文档系统中显示患病率(尤其是与跛足相关的患病率)的诊断列表,可轻松查看每头奶牛和奶牛群的详细爪部健康信息。
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引用次数: 0
An exploratory study of cervical disc degeneration model and mechanism of acupuncture therapy in rabbits 兔子颈椎间盘退变模型及针灸疗法机理的探索性研究
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106244
Wei Liu , Qianyu Jia , Haidong Pang , Bo Kang , Jiahao Lin

Acupuncture is an important therapy method in traditional Chinese medicine for treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), offering a wide range of applications. It is based on the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine and combines the stage of the disease course and individual differences for syndrome differentiation and treatment. However, there are few studies on the acupuncture treatment of cervical disc degeneration (CDD) in rabbits. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic principle of Chinese veterinary treatment. The selection of acupoints for external treatment should be based on individual etiology and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, most current studies do not follow this guideline. In this study, we established the CDD model and explored the mechanism of acupuncture treatment in alleviating CDD in rabbits by selecting a group of main acupoints including cervical Jiaji, Fengchi, Tianzhu, Naohu, Dazhui, and Houxi acupoints, combined with Western medicine's understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis, from the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and tissue-repairing perspectives. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the successful establishment of the rabbit CDD model. Acupuncture stimulation reduced the increase of average and maximum neck temperature due to CDD in rabbits. The acupuncture treatment relieved the spinal disc damage in the neck of the rabbit, which also decreased the expression level of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and increased the expression level of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2. In addition, it can alleviate the abnormal apoptosis of rabbit intervertebral disc, decrease the expression level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, and PGE2α, and alleviate the intense inflammation and pain response caused by CDD in rabbits. In conclusion, Acupuncture treatment can slow down the CDD of rabbits by regulating the inflammatory response and abnormal apoptosis of intervertebral disc tissue.

针灸是传统中医治疗椎间盘退变(IVDD)的重要治疗方法,应用范围广泛。它以中兽医理论为基础,结合病程阶段和个体差异进行辨证论治。然而,针灸治疗兔子颈椎间盘退变(CDD)的研究却很少。辨证论治是中兽医治疗的基本原则。外治法的穴位选择应以个体病因病机为基础。然而,目前大多数研究并未遵循这一原则。本研究结合西医对颈椎病发病机理的认识,从抗炎、镇痛、组织修复等方面入手,选取颈椎的交趾、风池、天柱、直肠、大椎、后溪等主穴,建立了CDD模型,并探讨了针刺治疗缓解家兔CDD的机理。磁共振成像(MRI)证实了兔 CDD 模型的成功建立。针灸刺激降低了 CDD 引起的兔子颈部平均温度和最高温度的升高。针刺治疗缓解了家兔颈部的椎间盘损伤,同时降低了促凋亡因子 Bax 的表达水平,提高了抗凋亡因子 Bcl-2 的表达水平。此外,针灸还能缓解家兔椎间盘的异常凋亡,降低TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、PGE2α等炎症因子的表达水平,减轻CDD引起的强烈炎症反应和疼痛反应。总之,针灸治疗可以通过调节炎症反应和椎间盘组织的异常凋亡来减缓家兔的 CDD。
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引用次数: 0
Owner expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for canine acute diarrhea: A prospective observational study from the capital of Denmark 犬主对犬急性腹泻抗菌药处方的期望:丹麦首都的前瞻性观察研究
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106243
A.S. Gravgaard , L.R. Jessen , C.R. Bjørnvad , P.L. Heidemann , K.J. Christensen , E.K.S. Kristensen , N. Dupont

Acute diarrhea is a common condition in dogs. Most cases are mild and self-limiting and according to guidelines, antimicrobial treatment is only indicated in dogs with severe systemic disease. However, antimicrobials are still prescribed in 50–65 % of mild cases. Multiple factors have been shown to influence the antimicrobial prescription decision, including perceived pressure from pet owners. This study aimed to investigate dog owners’ expectations regarding antimicrobial prescription for dogs with acute diarrhea and the attending veterinarians’ perceived owner expectation. To investigate this, a structured telephone interview with owners and a post-consultation questionnaire for the attending veterinarians were conducted. Ninety-nine unique dog-consultations were included with a 91 % owner response rate (n = 90), in these cases 63 % of veterinarians responded (n = 57). Only 6/90 (7 %) owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobial prescription. Of these, two expressed dissatisfaction that antimicrobials were withheld. In 5/57 cases, the attending veterinarian perceived an expectation to prescribe antimicrobials. Three cases aligned with an actual owner expectation, the latter two were pure perception. Eighty percent of owners expressed satisfaction with the consultation in general (n = 72/90), while 16 % (14/90) and 4 % (4/90) expressed minor or major dissatisfaction with non-treatment related issues, respectively. In this study, very few dog owners expressed an expectation of antimicrobials for treatment of acute diarrhea. Likewise, the veterinarians perceived an expectation in only a minority of cases, however, the actual and perceived expectation did not always align. In conclusion, this study suggests that an overall high owner satisfaction is feasible despite a non-antimicrobial approach.

急性腹泻是狗的常见病。大多数病例都是轻微和自限性的,根据指南,只有患有严重全身性疾病的狗才需要接受抗菌治疗。但是,仍有 50-65% 的轻微病例需要使用抗菌药物。研究表明,多种因素会影响抗菌药处方的决定,其中包括宠物主人所感受到的压力。本研究旨在调查狗主人对急性腹泻狗抗菌处方的期望以及主治兽医对狗主人期望的感知。为此,研究人员对狗主人进行了结构化电话访谈,并对主治兽医进行了诊后问卷调查。在这些案例中,有 63% 的兽医做出了回应(n = 57)。只有 6/90 (7 %) 的狗主对抗菌药处方表示期望。其中,有 2 人对拒用抗菌药物表示不满。在 5/57 例病例中,主治兽医认为期望开具抗菌药物。其中三例与动物主人的实际期望一致,后两例则纯属感知。80%的狗主人对会诊总体表示满意(n = 72/90),16%(14/90)和4%(4/90)的狗主人分别对与治疗无关的问题表示轻微或严重不满。在这项研究中,很少有狗主人表示希望使用抗菌药物治疗急性腹泻。同样,兽医也仅在少数病例中认为狗主期望使用抗菌药,但实际期望与兽医认为的期望并不总是一致。总之,本研究表明,尽管采用非抗菌药物治疗方法,但狗主人的总体满意度还是很高的。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced immune response with baculovirus-expressed BoHV-1 glycoprotein D in vaccine development 在疫苗开发过程中利用芽孢杆菌病毒表达的 BoHV-1 糖蛋白 D 增强免疫反应
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106228
Nguyen-Thanh Hoa , Haroon Afzal , Uudamsaikhan Gundegmaa , Odbileg Raadan , Li-Ting Cheng , Chun-Yen Chu , Thu-Dung Doan , Yao-Chi Chung

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), a significant pathogen in the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, primarily infects cattle and causes the upper respiratory disease known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). In silico studies evaluated the BoHV-1 D protein to be non-allergenic, non-toxic, and highly antigenic, highlighting its potential as an antigen for vaccine development. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a subunit vaccine using the ectodomain of glycoprotein D (gD34–380) as an antigen. The truncated gD was successfully cloned and expressed in both Escherichia coli (E. coli, termed EgD) and baculovirus (termed BgD) systems, with expected molecular weights of 65 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. For the vaccine formulation, the gD proteins were used either alone or in combination with in-house inactivated BoHV-1. Vaccination of mice and bovines showed that baculovirus-expressed gD34–380 accelerated the antibody response. Moreover, the BgD-vaccinated group also showed significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels against BoHV-1 than the control group (p<0.0001). In conclusion, our study found that BgD from BoHV-1 can increase the immune response and enhance vaccine efficacy.

牛疱疹病毒 1(BoHV-1)是α-疱疹病毒亚家族中的一种重要病原体,主要感染牛,并引起牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)等上呼吸道疾病。硅学研究评估认为,BoHV-1 的 D 蛋白无过敏性、无毒性且具有高度抗原性,突出了其作为疫苗开发抗原的潜力。因此,本研究旨在评估以糖蛋白 D 外显子域(gD34-380)为抗原的亚单位疫苗的功效。截短的 gD 被成功克隆并在大肠杆菌(E. coli,称为 EgD)和杆状病毒(Baculovirus,称为 BgD)系统中表达,预期分子量分别为 65kDa 和 50kDa。在疫苗配方中,gD 蛋白可单独使用,也可与内部灭活的 BoHV-1 结合使用。对小鼠和牛进行的疫苗接种表明,杆状病毒表达的 gD34-380 可加速抗体反应。此外,接种 BgD 疫苗组对 BoHV-1 的中和抗体水平也明显高于对照组(p
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引用次数: 0
Exocrine pancreatic inflammation in canine diabetes mellitus – An active offender? 犬糖尿病中的胰腺外分泌炎症--活跃的罪犯?
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106241
Arielle Johnson-Pitt , Brian Catchpole , Lucy J. Davison

The purpose of this review is to examine the current scientific literature regarding the interplay between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, specifically the role of the exocrine pancreas in the pathogenesis of canine diabetes mellitus. β-cell death caused by exocrine pancreatic inflammation is thought to be an under-recognised contributor to diabetes mellitus in dogs, with up to 30 % of canine diabetic patients with concurrent evidence of pancreatitis at post-mortem examination. Current diagnostics for pancreatitis are imprecise, and treatments for both diseases individually have their own limitations: diabetes through daily insulin injections, which has both welfare and financial implications for the stakeholders, and pancreatitis through treatment of clinical signs, such as analgesia and anti-emetics, rather than targeted treatment of the underlying cause. This review will consider the evidence for exocrine pancreatic inflammation making an active contribution to pancreatic β-cell loss and insulin-deficiency diabetes in the dog and explore current and potential future diagnostic and treatment avenues to improve outcomes for these patients.

本综述旨在研究当前有关胰腺外分泌和内分泌之间相互作用的科学文献,特别是胰腺外分泌在犬糖尿病发病机制中的作用。由胰腺外分泌炎症引起的β细胞死亡被认为是犬糖尿病的一个未被充分认识到的因素,高达 30% 的犬糖尿病患者在死后检查时同时有胰腺炎的证据。目前对胰腺炎的诊断并不精确,而对这两种疾病的治疗也各有局限:糖尿病患者需要每天注射胰岛素,这对利益相关者的福利和经济都有影响;胰腺炎患者需要治疗临床症状,如镇痛和止吐,而不是针对根本原因进行治疗。本综述将考虑胰腺外分泌炎症对胰腺β细胞丢失和犬胰岛素缺乏性糖尿病有积极作用的证据,并探索当前和未来潜在的诊断和治疗途径,以改善这些患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of the diagnostic accuracy of the 3M™ Petrifilm™ coliform and aerobic count plates to measure colostrum bacterial contamination on Scottish dairy farms 验证 3M™ Petrifilm™ 大肠菌群和需氧菌计数板测量苏格兰奶牛场初乳细菌污染的诊断准确性
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106230
Tracy Anderson , Alexandra Haggerty , Emily Silva , Colin Mason , David Bell , Katharine S. Denholm

A calf should receive 10–12 % of its bodyweight in high quality colostrum ( >50 g/L immunoglobulin) shortly after birth in order to confer passive immunity, with calves ideally receiving their first feed of colostrum in the first 1–2 hours of life (Godden et al., 2019). It is recommended (not validated) that total counts for bacteria and coliforms in colostrum should not exceed 100,000 colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL) and 10,000 CFU/mL, respectively. This study was conducted between March and September 2023. Eighty-five colostrum samples from 5 commerical dairy farms in Dumfries and Galloway in Scotland were purposively selected. Samples were collected from various stages during the colostrum harvest, storage and feeding process to provide multiple samples with variable (low, medium and high) bacterial contamination. The objective of this study was to validate the diagnostic accuracy of the 3 M Petrifilm™ Coliform Count Plate (CCP) and Aerobic Count Plate (ACP) for colostrum bacteriology. The Petrifilm™ Aerobic Count Plates were compared to 5 % sheep blood agar (SBA) (total bacteria counts, TBC), and the Petrifilm™ Coliform Count Plates were compared to MacConkey plates (MAC) (total coliform counts, TCC) and test sensitivity and specificity were calculated.

Colostrum bacterial contamination was highly variable between farms (TBC median and interquartile range= 50,000CFU/mL and 546000CFU/mL; TCC median and interquartile range=100,750CFU/mL and 188,500CFU/mL). Overall correlation between the Petrifilms™ and reference plate measures was moderate (Spearman rho=0.38–0.47). The statistical accuracy of the Petrifilm™ systems and the test sensitivity were improved by lowering the bacterial cutpoint from 100,000CFU/mL to 91,000 CFU/mL for the aerobic counts plates and from 10,000CFU/mL to 1500 CFU/mL for the coliform count plates. The Petrifilm™ system could be used as a monitoring tool to provide quick and statistically accurate results for TBC and TCC but should not be seen as a comprehensive solution for poor colostrum hygiene.

犊牛出生后不久就应摄入占其体重 10-12% 的优质初乳(免疫球蛋白含量为 50 克/升),以获得被动免疫,犊牛最好在出生后 1-2 小时内摄入第一口初乳(Godden 等人,2019 年)。建议(未经验证)初乳中细菌和大肠菌群的总计数不应分别超过每毫升 100,000 菌落总数(CFU/mL)和每毫升 10,000 菌落总数(CFU/mL)。这项研究在 2023 年 3 月至 9 月期间进行。研究人员有目的地从苏格兰邓弗里斯和加洛韦的 5 个商业奶牛场选取了 85 份初乳样本。样品从牛初乳收获、储存和饲喂过程的不同阶段采集,以提供细菌污染程度不同(低、中、高)的多个样品。这项研究的目的是验证 3 M Petrifilm™ 大肠菌群计数板(CCP)和需氧菌计数板(ACP)对牛初乳细菌学诊断的准确性。将 Petrifilm™ 需氧菌计数板与 5 % 羊血琼脂(SBA)(细菌总数,TBC)进行比较,将 Petrifilm™ 大肠菌群计数板与麦康凯平板(MAC)(大肠菌群总数,TCC)进行比较,并计算检测灵敏度和特异性。不同牧场之间的初乳细菌污染差异很大(TBC 中位数和四分位数范围分别为 50,000CFU/mL 和 546,000CFU/mL;TCC 中位数和四分位数范围分别为 100,750CFU/mL 和 188,500CFU/mL )。Petrifilms™ 和参考平板测量值之间的总体相关性为中等(Spearman rho=0.38-0.47)。将需氧菌落计数平板的细菌切点从 100,000CFU/mL 降至 91,000 CFU/mL,将大肠菌群计数平板的细菌切点从 10,000CFU/mL 降至 1500 CFU/mL,可提高 Petrifilm™ 系统的统计准确性和测试灵敏度。Petrifilm™ 系统可用作监测工具,为 TBC 和 TCC 提供快速、统计准确的结果,但不应被视为解决初乳卫生问题的综合方案。
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引用次数: 0
Genome sequencing of canine distemper virus isolates from unvaccinated dogs in Mongolia 从蒙古未接种疫苗的狗身上分离出的犬瘟热病毒的基因组测序
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106231
Ariunbold Munkhtsetseg , Enkhbaatar Batmagnai , Myagmarsuren Odonchimeg , Gombodash Ganbat , Yondonjamts Enkhmandakh , Gantulga Ariunbold , Tsedenbal Dolgorsuren , Raadan Odbileg , Purevtseren Dulam , Bumduuren Tuvshintulga , Chihiro Sugimoto , Yoshihiro Sakoda , Junya Yamagishi , Dashzevge Erdenechimeg

Canine distemper virus (CDV) triggers a severe, often fatal disease in dogs and wildlife known as canine distemper (CD). Prior research has noted significant genetic diversity and recombination among CDV isolates from different geographical regions, potentially contributing to vaccine failures. Despite this, no genetic characterization of Mongolian CDVs has been conducted. This study, isolated CDVs from three unvaccinated dogs: two 10-month-old mixed-breeds and an 18-month-old Samoyed. All exhibited CD symptoms and subsequently died. Virus isolation was conducted using Vero/dog SLAM cells, with genome sequencing performed via nanopore technology. The mixed-breed dogs were infected with non-recombinant CDV isolates, forming a sister clade to the Asia-1 lineage prevalent in Asia. The Samoyed was infected with a non-recombinant CDV isolate, classifying as Asia-4 lineage sporadically reported in some Asian countries. This sequencing data offers foundational information on genetic diversity, aiding CD control measure development and benefiting future Eurasia and Asian studies.

犬瘟热病毒(CDV)在犬和野生动物中引发一种严重的、往往致命的疾病,即犬瘟热(CD)。先前的研究指出,来自不同地理区域的 CDV 分离物之间存在显著的遗传多样性和重组,这可能是导致疫苗失效的原因之一。尽管如此,尚未对蒙古 CDV 进行基因鉴定。这项研究从三只未接种疫苗的狗身上分离出了 CDV:两只 10 个月大的混血犬和一只 18 个月大的萨摩耶犬。它们都出现了 CD 症状,随后死亡。使用 Vero/dog SLAM 细胞进行病毒分离,并通过纳米孔技术进行基因组测序。混种犬感染的是非重组 CDV 分离物,与亚洲流行的亚洲-1 系形成姊妹支系。萨摩耶犬感染的是非重组 CDV 分离物,属于亚洲-4 系,在一些亚洲国家偶有报道。这些测序数据为遗传多样性提供了基础信息,有助于CD控制措施的制定,并有利于未来欧亚大陆和亚洲的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular and serological screening of coxiellosis in bovines with reproductive disorders in dairy farms 对奶牛场中患有繁殖障碍的牛群进行柯萨氏杆菌病的分子和血清学筛查。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106229
Neha Parmar , Satyaveer Singh Malik , Manesh Kumar , Jay Prakash Yadav , V.K. Vinod , M.S. Sivaprasad , Brijesh Kumar , Jess Vergis , E.S. Sanjumon , Sukhadeo Baliram Barbuddhe , Deepak Bhiwa Rawool

Coxiella burnetii infection is an emerging/re-emerging public health problem affecting several countries worldwide. In India, the disease is mainly underdiagnosed, creating hindrances in its effective control. This study investigated the occurrence of C. burnetii among apparently healthy cattle and cattle with a history of reproductive disorders by both PCR and indirect-ELISA. A total of 731 clinical samples (serum: 531, and vaginal swabs as well as blood: 100 each) from 531 cattle were screened for coxiellosis. The serum, blood, and vaginal swabs each collected from 100 cattle with a history of reproductive disorders were screened using Com1-PCR, Trans-PCR, and indirect-ELISA. Conversely, serum samples obtained from apparently healthy cattle were exclusively screened using indirect ELISA. None of the samples tested could detect C. burnetii in PCR assays, while 13.37 % of serum samples were found to be seropositive in i-ELISA. Seropositivity noted among clinically healthy and those suffering from reproductive disorders were 12.76 % and 16 %, respectively, exhibiting a non-significant difference observed between these two categories. The obtained results suggested that the occurrence of coxiellosis did not differ significantly between clinically healthy animals and those with reproductive disorders; hence, in farms affected with C. burnetii infection, screening healthy and symptomatic animals is crucial to implement appropriate preventive measures.

烧伤柯西氏菌感染是一个新出现/再次出现的公共卫生问题,影响着全球多个国家。在印度,这种疾病主要诊断不足,妨碍了有效控制。本研究通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)调查了明显健康的牛和有生殖障碍病史的牛中烧伤弧菌的发生情况。共对 531 头牛的 731 份临床样本(血清 531 份、阴道拭子和血液各 100 份)进行了柯西氏菌病筛查。使用 Com1-PCR、Trans-PCR 和间接-ELISA 对从 100 头有生殖障碍病史的牛身上采集的血清、血液和阴道拭子进行了筛查。相反,从明显健康的牛身上采集的血清样本则完全采用间接 ELISA 方法进行筛查。在 PCR 检测中,没有一个样本能检测到烧伤蜱,而在 i-ELISA 检测中,发现 13.37% 的血清样本呈血清阳性。临床健康人和生殖系统疾病患者的血清阳性率分别为 12.76% 和 16%,两类人群之间的差异并不显著。结果表明,临床健康动物和繁殖障碍动物之间的柯西氏菌病发生率并无显著差异;因此,在受柏氏菌感染影响的农场中,筛查健康和有症状的动物对于采取适当的预防措施至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Cannabidiol plus krill oil supplementation improves chronic stifle osteoarthritis in dogs: A double-blind randomized controlled trial 大麻二酚加磷虾油能改善狗的慢性跗关节骨关节炎:双盲随机对照试验
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106227
K. Soontornvipart , P. Wongsirichatchai , A. Phongphuwanan , K. Chatdarong , S. Vimolmangkang

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common orthopedic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and pain in dogs and cats. Cannabis spp. contains cannabidiol (CBD), a substance with pain relief and anti-inflammatory properties in different animals including dogs with OA. The use of CBD supplements has been increasingly intertwining in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CBD + krill oil-supplemented biscuit against canine OA. In total, 30 dogs with stifle OA were randomized and divided into the placebo, krill oil, and CBD + krill oil groups. The Canine Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire was used to evaluate the efficacy of each treatment against pain. Stifle temperature was monitored to identify degrees of stifle inflammation. Two and one dogs in the placebo group were excluded from the study due to worsening lameness and increased pain interference score (PIS) and pain severity score (PSS) at days 14 and 28, respectively.

The PIS and PSS scores of the krill oil and CBD + krill oil groups gradually and significantly improved after two weeks of treatment. The CBD + krill oil group had better PIS and PSS scores than the placebo and krill oil groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the PIS and PSS scores between the krill oil and CBD + krill oil groups. The stifle temperature of the three groups at different periods did not significantly differ. In conclusion, CBD + krill oil supplements are safe against canine OA. CBD can reduce pain and inflammation.

骨关节炎(OA)是最常见的骨科疾病,其特征是猫狗的慢性炎症和疼痛。大麻属植物含有大麻二酚(CBD),这种物质对包括患有 OA 的狗在内的不同动物具有镇痛和消炎作用。CBD补充剂的使用已越来越多地与兽医学结合在一起。本研究旨在评估CBD+磷虾油补充饼干对犬类OA的临床疗效。共有30只患有跗关节OA的狗被随机分为安慰剂组、磷虾油组和CBD+磷虾油组。犬简易疼痛量表问卷用于评估每种疗法对疼痛的疗效。对跗关节温度进行监测,以确定跗关节炎症的程度。安慰剂组分别有两只和一只狗因跛行恶化以及第 14 天和第 28 天疼痛干扰评分 (PIS) 和疼痛严重程度评分 (PSS) 增加而被排除在研究之外。磷虾油组和 CBD + 磷虾油组的 PIS 和 PSS 评分在治疗两周后逐渐显著改善。CBD + 磷虾油组的 PIS 和 PSS 评分优于安慰剂组和磷虾油组。然而,磷虾油组和 CBD + 磷虾油组的 PIS 和 PSS 评分在统计学上没有显著差异。三组在不同时期的跗关节温度也没有显著差异。总之,CBD + 磷虾油补充剂对犬 OA 是安全的。CBD 可以减轻疼痛和炎症。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of prophylactic tranexamic acid on the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage in greyhounds 预防性氨甲环酸对灰狗术后出血发生率的影响。
IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106226
O.P. Gilman , K. Borgeat , H.E. Wilson

To investigate whether the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage in greyhounds was reduced when a standardized protocol for prophylactic tranexamic acid (TXA) administration to greyhounds undergoing surgery was followed, a retrospective clinical study at a private referral and first opinion hospital group was performed. Patient records of client-owned greyhounds undergoing elective surgery or dental procedures involving extractions were examined retrospectively, and 58 incidents of surgery considered eligible were documented, along with any subsequent reports of hemorrhage and whether the TXA protocol was followed.

The use of TXA was not associated with a reduction in the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage in this population of greyhounds. In the group that did not receive TXA, post-operative hemorrhage was reported in 7/37 (18.9 %) cases and in the prophylactic TXA group, post-operative hemorrhage was reported in 11/21 (52.4 %) cases, a significantly higher number than in the group that did not receive TXA. Interestingly, in our population, prophylactic administration of TXA was not associated with a reduction in post-operative hemorrhage, but with a higher incidence of hemorrhage. We belief that descrepencies in our dataset may explain these findings, and a prospective randomized-controlled trial should be performed to further investigate the efficacy of TXA as an antifibrinolytic agent in greyhounds.

为了研究在对接受手术的灰狗实施氨甲环酸(TXA)预防性用药的标准化方案后,灰狗术后出血的发生率是否会降低,一家私人转诊和第一意见医院集团开展了一项回顾性临床研究。研究人员回顾性检查了客户饲养的灰猎犬接受择期手术或牙科拔牙手术的病历,并记录了58例符合条件的手术,以及随后的出血报告和是否遵循了氨甲环酸治疗方案。在这些灰狗中,使用 TXA 与降低术后出血发生率无关。在未使用 TXA 的组别中,7/37(18.9%)的病例报告了术后出血,而在使用预防性 TXA 的组别中,11/21(52.4%)的病例报告了术后出血,明显高于未使用 TXA 的组别。有趣的是,在我们的研究对象中,预防性使用 TXA 与术后出血减少无关,而是与出血发生率升高有关。我们认为,我们的数据集可能存在缺陷,因此应进行前瞻性随机对照试验,进一步研究 TXA 作为抗纤维蛋白溶解剂对灰猎犬的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
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Veterinary journal
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