Veterinary journal最新文献_第3页

Central nervous system vascular complications associated with the acute form of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis 急性类固醇反应性脑膜炎-动脉炎的中枢神经系统血管并发症

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106304

C. Mayor , C. de La Fuente , A. Pereira , J. Viu , S. Añor

This retrospective study aims to describe the vascular events in the central nervous system (CNS) associated with the acute form of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), to compare the clinical features of dogs with and without such complications and to potentially identify predisposing factors for these events. Dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of SRMA visited between 2018 and 2023 with full medical records that underwent neurological examination, blood testing, cervical computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were included.

Thirty-three dogs were included and divided in two groups. Group 1 included 7 (21,2 %) dogs with vascular complications secondary to SRMA (spinal cord ischemic and/or hemorrhagic infarcts, spinal cord subdural hematomas, intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhages), and group 2 included 26 (78,8 %) dogs with non-complicated SRMA. Age, breed, sex, presence of neurological deficits, CSF abnormalities and presence of relapses were factors evaluated for potential association with vascular complications of SRMA.

Six dogs in group 1 were Golden Retrievers (85,7 %), and there was a significant association between this breed and the occurrence of vascular complications (P = 0.017). Presence of neurological deficits (P = 0.001) and xanthochromic CSF (P = 0.001) were also associated with vascular complications in dogs with SRMA.

Hemorrhagic or ischemic lesions in the CNS can be a complication of the acute form of SRMA, and Golden Retrievers appear to be more affected. Dogs with vascular complications show often neurological deficits and CSF xanthochromia.

本回顾性研究旨在描述与急性类固醇反应性脑膜炎动脉炎（SRMA）相关的中枢神经系统（CNS）血管事件，比较有和无此类并发症的犬的临床特征，并潜在地确定这些事件的易感因素。研究人员在2018年至2023年期间访问了假定诊断为SRMA的狗，并提供了完整的医疗记录，包括神经检查、血液检查、颈椎计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像和脑脊液（CSF）分析。33只狗被分成两组。组1包括7只（21.2%）SRMA继发血管并发症犬（脊髓缺血性和/或出血性梗死、脊髓硬膜下血肿、颅内蛛网膜下腔出血），组2包括26只（78.8%）无并发症SRMA犬。年龄、品种、性别、有无神经功能缺损、脑脊液异常和有无复发是评估与SRMA血管并发症潜在关联的因素。第1组6只为金毛猎犬（85.7%），该犬种与血管并发症的发生有显著相关性（P = 0.017）。神经功能缺损（P = 0.001）和脑脊液变色（P = 0.001）也与SRMA犬的血管并发症有关。中枢神经系统出血性或缺血性病变可能是急性SRMA的并发症，金毛猎犬似乎更容易受到影响。有血管并发症的狗通常表现为神经功能缺损和脑脊液黄色症。

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引用次数: 0

Surveillance and genetic diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds across Taiwan 台湾省奶牛群中牛病毒性腹泻病毒的监测及遗传多样性。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106305

Fong-Yuan Lin , Hau-You Tzeng , Ching-Yu Tseng , Ruei-Sheng Tsai , Mami Oba , Tetsuya Mizutani , Yumiko Yamada , Hue-Ying Chiou , Shih-Te Chuang , Wei-Li Hsu

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) significantly impacts cattle worldwide, causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive disorders that lead to substantial economic losses. Despite its high global prevalence and various genotypes, the infection status of BVDV in Taiwan has not been reported. This study conducted large-scale surveillance in 2014, analyzing 460 bovine serum samples collected from 49 dairy herds across Taiwan. The results revealed a herd-level seroprevalence of 59.2 % (29/49), with significant regional variations: 16.7 % in the northern region and 77.8 % in the southern region. At the animal level, the overall BVDV-positive rate was 32.4 % (148/460), ranging from 3.3 % (northern region) to 41.5 % (central region), with significant regional differences as analyzed by the mixed-effects logistic regression model. Five-year surveillance of a single dairy farm revealed persistent BVDV circulation, with the seroprevalence starting at 89 % in 2019 and remaining between 82 % and 100 % among the cohort of 27 cattle monitored from 2020 to 2023. In contrast, a study of three farms revealed that while the two high-prevalence farms maintained high infection rates, the low-prevalence farm experienced a gradual decline in infections, indicating varied infection dynamics. Moreover, this study identified BVDV-1b as the predominant genotype in Taiwan, along with BVDV-1a and BVDV-2a, which were detected in mosquito samples. These findings emphasize the high prevalence of BVDV in Taiwan, ongoing viral circulation within herds, and the need for continuous surveillance and robust control measures to mitigate the spread of BVDV in Taiwan's cattle industry.

牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）严重影响全世界的牛，引起呼吸、胃肠道和生殖疾病，导致重大经济损失。尽管BVDV全球流行率高且基因型多样，但台湾地区的感染状况尚未报导。本研究于2014年进行了大规模的监测，分析了台湾省49个奶牛群的460份牛血清样本。结果显示，人群血清阳性率为59.2%(29/49)，地区差异显著：北部地区为16.7%，南部地区为77.8%。在动物水平上，bvdv总体阳性率为32.4%(148/460)，北部地区为3.3%，中部地区为41.5%，采用混合效应logistic回归模型分析，区域差异显著。对一个奶牛场的五年监测显示，BVDV持续传播，2019年血清阳性率从89%开始，2020年至2023年监测的27头牛的血清阳性率保持在82%至100%之间。相比之下，一项对三个农场的研究显示，虽然两个高流行农场保持高感染率，但低流行农场的感染率逐渐下降，表明不同的感染动态。此外，本研究还发现BVDV-1b是台湾地区的优势基因型，BVDV-1a和BVDV-2a也在蚊子样本中检测到。这些发现强调BVDV在台湾的高流行率，病毒在牛群中持续传播，需要持续监测和强有力的控制措施来减轻BVDV在台湾养牛业的传播。

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引用次数: 0

Serum macromineral dynamics and milk production of old Holstein cows submitted to a postpartum delayed milking strategy 老年荷斯坦奶牛的血清巨量矿物质动态和产奶量符合产后延迟挤奶策略。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106300

H. Beiranvand , A.A. Alamouti , R. Rostami , S.R. Majidi Monfared , M.R. Bakhtiarizadeh , B. Khorrami , M. Yazdanyar , F. Ahmadi

Lactation initiates with a massive Ca secretion into milk. Within 24–48 h post-calving, high-producing, older-parity dairy cows are highly susceptible to Ca disturbances. We hypothesized that the abrupt cessation of milking within this critical period would delay Ca secretion into milk, allowing lactating cows more time to stabilize their Ca homeostasis mechanisms and potentially lower the risk of blood Ca decline in the immediate postpartum period. After colostrum harvest, a total of 175 multiparous Holsteins (parity ranging from 3 to 7) were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: 1) control (n = 59), whereby cows were milked 3 times/day (M0), 2) the treatment whereby milking of cows was withdrawn for the first 24 h (M24; n = 60), and 3) for the first 48 h after calving (M48; n = 56). All cows were given two oral Ca boluses (31 g Ca/bolus), the first bolus was administered within 30–60 min after calving, and the second bolus was given 24 h later. After the delayed milking treatment, cows in M24 and M48 groups returned to M0 milking program. On d 2 and 3 post-calving, blood total Ca concentration was not different between M24 and M48 cows, but both groups had greater Ca concentrations than M0 cows. On day 2 post-calving, serum P concentration was greater in M48 compared to M24 and M0 (1.86 vs. 1.47 ± 0.06 mmol/L). On d 3, M0 cows had lower P concentration than M24 or M48 cows. Despite a transient decline in milk production in M24- and M48-treated cows, both treatments attained a similar milk production level as they switched to M0 milking program. No difference existed in the first 3 monthly test-day milk records. The postpartum milking strategy had no impact on the culling risk by 120 DIM. These results support delaying milking for 24 and 48 h after colostrum collection to maintain Ca status in multiparous cows. Evaluation of the long-term effects of the delayed milking strategies on mammary health, reproduction performance, and survivability of pluriparous dairy cows is recommended.

哺乳期开始时大量钙分泌到乳汁中。产犊后24-48小时内，高产龄奶牛对钙干扰非常敏感。我们假设，在这个关键时期突然停止挤奶会延迟钙分泌到牛奶中，让泌乳奶牛有更多的时间来稳定钙稳态机制，并可能降低产后血液钙下降的风险。初乳收获后，将175头产荷斯坦奶牛（胎次3 ~ 7）随机分为3个处理组：1)对照组（n = 59），每天挤奶3次（M0）， 2)处理前24小时不挤奶（M24）；n = 60)和3)产犊后48h (M48；N = 56)。所有奶牛口服2次钙丸（31g Ca/丸），产犊后30-60min内给予第一次钙丸，24h后给予第二次钙丸。延迟挤奶处理后，M24和M48组奶牛恢复到M0挤奶程序。产犊后第2 d和第3 d， M24和M48奶牛血液总钙浓度差异不显著，但均高于M0奶牛。产犊后第2天，M48组血清P浓度高于M24组和M0组（1.86 vs. 1.47±0.06mmol/L）。第3 d， M0奶牛的磷浓度低于M24和M48奶牛。尽管M24和m48处理的奶牛产奶量出现短暂下降，但两种处理在切换到M0挤奶计划后均达到了相似的产奶量水平。前3个月试验日泌乳记录无差异。产后挤奶策略对120 DIM的扑杀风险没有影响。这些结果支持在初乳采集后延迟24和48h挤奶以维持多产奶牛的钙状态。建议对延迟挤奶策略对多产奶牛的乳腺健康、繁殖性能和存活率的长期影响进行评估。

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引用次数: 0

Epidemiological analysis of mammary tumors in female dogs in Japan: A study based on Kyushu–Okinawa region 日本雌性犬乳腺肿瘤的流行病学分析：基于九州-冲绳地区的研究。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106301

Shinji Hirano , Tatsuro Hifumi , Noriaki Miyoshi

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are common tumors in female dogs (FDs), and at least nearly half of these lesions of malignant. We examined the epidemiology of CMTs in Japan using excisional biopsy cases (n = 7802) collected from 2005 to 2023 in the Kyushu–Okinawa region. We investigated the prevalence, effects of breed, neutering, and age on CMT and malignant CMT (mCMT) risk through general statistics and multivariate analyses. The distribution of CMT histological types was also compared among different breeds and mixed breeds. In the Cohort (n = 6197) consisting of cases from primary veterinary hospitals, the numbers of CMT and mCMT cases (2928 and 822 cases, respectively) and the adjusted prevalence is ranged 4.76–8.09 per 1000 dogs and increasing over time (P < 0.001). A multivariate model identified breeds with high or low risks of CMT or mCMT. Neutered FDs had lower risk of CMT than intact FDs (risk ratio = 0.57, 95 %CI: 0.53–0.61). Compared to the age with the highest incidence, those aged ≥ 8 and ≥ 14 years had comparable rates of CMT and mCMT, respectively. Certain breeds exhibited biases regarding CMT histological types compared to mixed breeds. This first epidemiological analysis of CMT in Japan will be a valuable resource for CMT control.

犬乳腺肿瘤（cmt）是雌性犬（FDs）中常见的肿瘤，至少有近一半的肿瘤是恶性的。我们利用2005年至2023年在日本九州-冲绳地区收集的切除活检病例（n = 7802）检查了日本CMTs的流行病学。我们通过一般统计和多变量分析调查了CMT的患病率、品种、绝育和年龄对CMT和恶性CMT （mCMT）风险的影响。比较了不同品种和混合品种间CMT组织学类型的分布。在由基层兽医院病例组成的队列（n = 6197）中，CMT和mCMT的病例数（分别为2928例和822例）和调整后的患病率范围为每1000只狗4.76-8.09例，并随着时间的推移而增加(P

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引用次数: 0

High prevalence of burnout in veterinary medicine: Exploring interventions to improve well-being 兽医职业倦怠的高发：探索改善健康的干预措施。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106299

Yoshiyasu Takefuji

The veterinary profession faces a critical challenge: burnout. Long hours, emotional strain, financial pressures, and difficult client interactions contribute to stress and drive veterinary professionals from the field. This harms not only their well-being but also patient care and workplace morale. Research highlights the concerning mental state of veterinarians, with studies finding high rates of burnout, compassion fatigue, and burden transfer (stress from client challenges). Early-career and female veterinarians are most vulnerable. Several studies explore interventions to improve veterinary well-being. Educational programs targeting communication and acceptance of difficult clients show promise in reducing stress and burnout. Additionally, a web-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) program demonstrates effectiveness in reducing occupational distress. It is crucial to address the veterinary burnout crisis. By creating supportive work environments, prioritizing mental health, and implementing interventions like ACT training, we can retain veterinary professionals and ensure a thriving profession that provides optimal care for animals and their caregivers.

兽医行业面临着一个严峻的挑战：职业倦怠。工作时间长、情绪紧张、财务压力和与客户的困难互动都是造成压力的原因，并迫使兽医专业人员离开该领域。这不仅损害了他们的健康，也损害了病人的护理和工作场所的士气。研究强调了兽医的精神状态，研究发现，倦怠、同情疲劳和负担转移（来自客户挑战的压力）的比例很高。早期职业兽医和女性兽医最容易受到伤害。几项研究探讨了改善兽医福利的干预措施。以沟通和接受难处客户为目标的教育项目有望减少压力和倦怠。此外，一个基于网络的接受和承诺治疗（ACT）项目证明了减少职业困扰的有效性。解决兽医职业倦怠危机至关重要。通过创造支持性的工作环境，优先考虑心理健康，并实施ACT培训等干预措施，我们可以留住兽医专业人员，并确保一个繁荣的职业，为动物及其照顾者提供最佳护理。

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引用次数: 0

Fibroblast growth factor 23 – A review with particular reference to the physiology and pathophysiology of phosphate homeostasis in the cat 成纤维细胞生长因子23 -综述与特别参考的生理和病理生理的磷酸盐稳态在猫

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106271

Jonathan Elliott, Pak Kan Tang

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic hormone, discovery of which has transformed our understanding of mineral regulation in healthy mammals, including the cat. It is produced by osteoblasts and osteocytes and its prime role is to regulate phosphate entry into extracellular fluid (from bone and via the gut) and its excretion via the kidney. It interacts with other hormones (calcitriol and parathyroid hormone), inhibiting their activation and secretion respectively and so impacts on calcium as well as phosphate homeostasis. Physiological factors regulating its secretion are not well understood, although phosphate ion sensing is likely to be important. Calcium and magnesium ions are also involved and unravelling the control points and integration of the system regulating bone turnover and mineral balance whilst preventing soft tissue (non-osseous) mineralisation is a future research goal. Calciprotein particle size and number likely play an important role in this system but precisely how remains to be determined. Elevated serum FGF23 is the earliest indicator of mineral bone disorder associated with chronic kidney disease in human patients and in cats, enabling reference-range serum phosphorus to be maintained despite reduction in glomerular filtration rate which limits phosphate excretion. FGF23 also predicts CKD progression and survival in cats. The many factors influencing its secretion at different stages of CKD, including relative iron deficiency, anaemia and chronic systemic inflammation, hypomagnesaemia and α-klotho deficiency are discussed in this review, where the data available in cats with naturally occurring CKD is presented alongside that from rodent models and human CKD patients.

成纤维细胞生长因子-23 （FGF23）是一种磷酸化激素，它的发现改变了我们对包括猫在内的健康哺乳动物矿物质调节的理解。它由成骨细胞和骨细胞产生，其主要作用是调节磷酸盐进入细胞外液（从骨和通过肠道）并通过肾脏排泄。它与其他激素（骨化三醇和甲状旁腺激素）相互作用，分别抑制它们的激活和分泌，从而影响钙和磷酸盐的稳态。调节其分泌的生理因素尚不清楚，尽管磷酸离子感应可能是重要的。钙和镁离子也参与其中，解开骨转换和矿物质平衡调节系统的控制点和整合，同时防止软组织（非骨）矿化是未来的研究目标。钙蛋白颗粒的大小和数量可能在这个系统中起重要作用，但具体如何起作用还有待确定。血清FGF23升高是人类患者和猫慢性肾病相关矿物质骨紊乱的最早指标，尽管肾小球滤过率降低限制了磷酸盐的排泄，但仍能维持血清磷的参考范围。FGF23还可以预测猫的CKD进展和存活。本综述讨论了CKD不同阶段影响其分泌的许多因素，包括相对缺铁、贫血和慢性全系统炎症、低镁血症和α-克洛索缺乏症，其中包括自然发生CKD的猫的数据，以及啮齿动物模型和人类CKD患者的数据。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of brain injury in cattle with Theileria annulata: Neuron-specific biomarkers, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis 评估环状丝虫病牛的脑损伤：神经元特异性生物标志物、炎症和细胞凋亡

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106269

M. Uztimür , C.N. Ünal , M.B. Dörtbudak , R. Fırat , A.İ. Ekinci

This study aimed to investigate selected brain-specific biomarkers in cattle with tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata (T. annulata) and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic significance. The study group consisted of 25 cattle naturally infected with T. annulata, while the control group consisted of 10 healthy cattle. Animals with T. annulata were classified according to hematocrit (HCT) value as severe anemia group 1 (n:12) with HCT ≤12 and moderate anemia group 2 (n:13) with HCT between 13 and 24. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the brain tissue were performed in 10 nonsurvivor cattle. Serum calcium-binding protein B (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tau protein and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-1 (UCHL-1) concentrations in brain injury were measured using bovine-specific ELISA kits. S100B, GFAP, and Tau concentrations of cattle in the T. annulata group were found to be significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001). Brain specific biomarkers showed significant correlations with erythrocyte count, HCT and bilirubin. The presence of brain damage was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. The results of ROC analysis showed that S100B with AUC value of 0.88 and GFAP with an AUC value of 0.82 were significant prognostic indicators. Additionally, S100B, GFAP and Tau showed significant diagnostic performance with an AUC value of 0.88, 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. In conclusion, brain-specific biomarkers can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in the assessment of brain damage in cattle naturally infected with T. annulata.

本研究旨在调查由环状沙雷氏菌（T. annulata）引起的热带沙雷氏菌病牛的某些脑特异性生物标志物，并评估其诊断和预后意义。研究组由 25 头自然感染环状丝虫病的牛组成，对照组由 10 头健康牛组成。根据血细胞比容（HCT）值将感染环斑蓟马的牛分为重度贫血 1 组（12 头）和中度贫血 2 组（13 头），前者的 HCT 值小于 12，后者的 HCT 值介于 13 和 24 之间。对 10 头非存活牛的脑组织进行了组织病理学和免疫组化检查。使用牛特异性酶联免疫吸附试剂盒测定了脑损伤中血清钙结合蛋白 B (S100B)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (GFAP)、tau 蛋白和泛素 C 端水解酶-1 (UCHL-1)的浓度。结果发现，T. annulata 组牛的 S100B、GFAP 和 Tau 蛋白浓度明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。

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引用次数: 0

BRSV seroprevalence and associated risk factors on Dutch dairy farms 荷兰奶牛场的 BRSV 血清流行率及相关风险因素。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106270

R. Jorritsma , R. de Jong , M. van den Hoven , T. van Werven

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) causes infections of the respiratory tract of cattle and is endemic in the Netherlands. We aimed to update our knowledge on the seroprevalence of BRSV in youngstock on Dutch dairy farms by performing a cross sectional study during the winter of 2021–2022 and a telephone survey with the farmers to map the most important risk factors for the introduction, presence, and circulation of BRSV. Of 671 sampled calves among 135 herds, we found a seropositivity of 75 % at calf level and 77 % on herd level. Risk factors appeared similar to those identified by others including a higher ratio of youngstock versus adult cows and suboptimal colostrum administration. We concluded that the BRSV seroprevalence at animal and herd level is still substantially high, confirming the endemic circulation of this virus on the majority of the Dutch dairy farms. But given that there is also a smaller number of seronegative herds and the available knowledge about biological sound risk factors for BRSV circulation, it could be worth investigating the feasibility of decreasing the seroprevalence of BRSV at herd level in the Netherlands taking into account the lessons learned from the Norwegian control program.

牛呼吸道合胞病毒（BRSV）会引起牛的呼吸道感染，在荷兰是地方病。我们在 2021-2022 年冬季开展了一项横断面研究，并对牧场主进行了电话调查，旨在更新我们对荷兰奶牛场幼牛 BRSV 血清流行率的了解，从而摸清 BRSV 传入、存在和流行的最重要风险因素。在 135 个畜群的 671 头采样犊牛中，我们发现犊牛血清阳性率为 75%，畜群血清阳性率为 77%。风险因素似乎与其他研究发现的因素相似，包括青年牛与成年牛的比例较高，以及初乳管理不当。我们的结论是，BRSV 在动物和牛群中的血清流行率仍然很高，这证实了该病毒在荷兰大多数奶牛场的地方性流行。但是，考虑到血清阴性牛群的数量较少，以及现有的关于BRSV流行的生物风险因素的知识，值得研究降低荷兰牛群BRSV血清流行率的可行性，同时借鉴挪威控制计划的经验教训。

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引用次数: 0

Rabbit teeth serve as a calcium source for rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 兔牙是兔子（Oryctolagus cuniculus）的钙源。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106268

J. Mäkitaipale , H. Opsomer , J.-M. Hatt , B. Riond , M. Clauss , A. Liesegang

Rabbits have hypselodont (ever-growing) teeth; dental growth constantly replaces dental tissue lost due to abrasion and attrition. It has been suggested that rabbits must have high mineral requirements, in particular for calcium, to fuel this constant tooth growth. However, this assumption ignores the fact that tooth wear represents finely ground tissue that is not lost to the body but swallowed during food processing. No studies exist regarding the possible recycling of dental enamel and dentin calcium. In this cross-over study, eight-months old intact female rabbits were fed with a complete pelleted diet containing either calcium carbonate/dicalcium phosphate (control) or ground rabbit teeth as calcium sources for 15 days each. After 11 days of adaptation, intake, urinary and faecal losses were quantified in a 4-day period in metabolism cages, and blood mineral levels were determined in a final blood sample. There were few relevant, significant differences between the treatments, with the exception of calcium digestibility (20 ±8 % on the control vs. 33 ±6 % on the tooth meal diet, P = 0.002) and total calcium retention (0.10 ±0.13 vs. 0.33 ±0.10 g/d, P = 0.004). The results suggest that rabbits are well able to recycle the minerals from dental tissue lost during dental wear.

兔子的牙齿是不断生长的；牙齿的生长会不断补充因磨损和损耗而失去的牙齿组织。有人认为，兔子对矿物质的需求量很大，尤其是对钙的需求量，这样才能促进牙齿的不断生长。然而，这种假设忽略了一个事实，即牙齿磨损代表的是细磨组织，这些细磨组织不会流失到体内，而是在食物加工过程中被吞食。目前还没有关于牙釉质和牙本质钙可能循环利用的研究。在这项交叉研究中，八只八个月大的完整雌兔被喂食含有碳酸钙/磷酸二氢钙（对照组）或磨碎的兔牙作为钙源的全颗粒食物，每种食物喂食 15 天。经过 11 天的适应期后，在新陈代谢笼中对摄入量、尿液和粪便损失进行了为期 4 天的量化，并对最终血液样本中的血液矿物质水平进行了测定。除了钙消化率（对照组为 20 ±8% vs. 牙粉日粮为 33 ±6%，P = 0.002）和总钙保留率（0.10 ±0.13 vs. 0.33 ±0.10g/d，P = 0.004）之外，其他处理之间几乎没有相关的显著差异。结果表明，兔子能够很好地回收牙齿磨损过程中牙齿组织中流失的矿物质。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of peri- and postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infection in surgeries with elective antibiotic administration 在选择性使用抗生素的手术中，围手术期和术后抗生素预防对手术部位感染的影响。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106267

Nico Paeckel , Yury Zablotski, Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peri- and postoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) on surgical site infection (SSI) in surgeries with elective antibiotic administration in a large university hospital with a high volume of people in the operating room. In this retrospective study, 1060 cats and dogs belonging to private owners were analysed for the occurrence of SSI over a period of almost 5 years, except during the COVID pandemic. Both the patient files were included, and the patient owners were contacted by questionnaire. The type of surgery, the use and type of AMP, as well as the occurrence, time, type and treatment of an SSI were documented. The overall SSI rate was 7.8 % (66/841). The use of an AMP did not lead to a significant reduction in risk in any of the surgeries analysed. Postoperative continuation of antibiotic prophylaxis showed no significant difference compared to perioperative prophylaxis alone. When interpreting the results, the retrospective nature of the study should be considered, as well as the fact that some of the results are based on a survey of patient owners.

本研究的目的是调查在一家手术室人流量较大的大型大学医院中，术前和术后抗菌药预防（AMP）对手术部位感染（SSI）的影响。在这项回顾性研究中，我们分析了 1060 只私人饲养的猫和狗在近 5 年的时间里（COVID 大流行期间除外）发生 SSI 的情况。研究既包括病人档案，也通过问卷调查与病人的主人取得了联系。手术类型、AMP 的使用和类型以及 SSI 的发生、时间、类型和治疗方法均被记录在案。总的 SSI 感染率为 7.8%（66/841）。在分析的所有手术中，使用 AMP 并未显著降低风险。术后继续使用抗生素预防与围手术期单独使用相比没有明显差异。在解释研究结果时，应考虑到研究的回顾性，以及部分结果是基于对患者所有者的调查这一事实。

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