Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5658
Nguyen Hoang Hao, Nguyễn Thị Lan Anh, Nguyen Duy Kien, Hoang Yen Nhi, Phan Dinh Khanh Nguyen, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Phung Thi Lan, Nguyen Van Thuc
In the present work, CeO2 with different loading were embedded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. The synthesized samples were characterized using XRD, EDX mapping, FESEM and UV-Vis DRS techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized CeO2, rGO, and 0,5% (1,5% and 5,0% wt )CeO2/rGO was studied by monitoring the degradation of Rhodamine B dye (denotes RhB) under xenon light irradiation. The analyses show that CeO2 particles were evenly dispersed on rGO and the optical properties of the xCeO2/Rgo (x = 0,5; 1,5; and 5,0%wt)/rGO material were significantly enhanced due to the interaction between CeO2 anf rGO. The effects of CeO2 loading, initial RhB concentration and pH were thoroughly investigated. Under the irradiation, the RhB degradation reached 100% over 1.5%CeO2/rGO. tThe high performance of the synthesized composites was attributed to the significant suppression of the recombination rate of photo-generated electron - hole pairs due to charge transfer between rGO sheets and CeO2 particles and the smaller optical band-gap in the CeO2/rGO nanocomposite.
{"title":"Synthesis of CeO2 Coupling rGO Material Oriented to Rhodamine B Degradation under Optical Irradiation","authors":"Nguyen Hoang Hao, Nguyễn Thị Lan Anh, Nguyen Duy Kien, Hoang Yen Nhi, Phan Dinh Khanh Nguyen, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Phung Thi Lan, Nguyen Van Thuc","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5658","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, CeO2 with different loading were embedded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. The synthesized samples were characterized using XRD, EDX mapping, FESEM and UV-Vis DRS techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized CeO2, rGO, and 0,5% (1,5% and 5,0% wt )CeO2/rGO was studied by monitoring the degradation of Rhodamine B dye (denotes RhB) under xenon light irradiation. The analyses show that CeO2 particles were evenly dispersed on rGO and the optical properties of the xCeO2/Rgo (x = 0,5; 1,5; and 5,0%wt)/rGO material were significantly enhanced due to the interaction between CeO2 anf rGO. The effects of CeO2 loading, initial RhB concentration and pH were thoroughly investigated. Under the irradiation, the RhB degradation reached 100% over 1.5%CeO2/rGO. tThe high performance of the synthesized composites was attributed to the significant suppression of the recombination rate of photo-generated electron - hole pairs due to charge transfer between rGO sheets and CeO2 particles and the smaller optical band-gap in the CeO2/rGO nanocomposite.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-06DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5676
Triệu Thị Nguyệt, Do Huy Hoang, Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng, Vu Thi Bich Ngoc, Phạm Anh Sơn
The Cu2O/ZnO double films were fabricated using chemical vapor deposition technique from zinc pivalate and copper(II) acetylacetonate precursors. The crystalline phase composition of the films was examined by powder X-ray diffraction. The membrane surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Film thickness was measured on a surface profilometer. The electrical properties of the fabricated films, such as mobility and carrier concentration, and resistivity are determined by the Hall effect measurement method. The obtained results show that the double film consists of a Cu2O crystal layer with a cubic structure grown on a ZnO crystal layer, with an uneven surface. Cu2O/ZnO double film with Cu2O layer deposited at 240 oC has the best electrical properties. The electrical properties of the double film are better as the Cu2O layer thickness increases: the carrier concentration is highest, and the mobility is lowest when the thickness of Cu2O layer is 474 nm, the resistivity decreases as the Cu2O layer thickness increases.
{"title":"The Effects of Some Factors on the Electrical Properties of Cu2O/ZnO Double Films Fabricated by Chemical Vapor Deposition Method","authors":"Triệu Thị Nguyệt, Do Huy Hoang, Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng, Vu Thi Bich Ngoc, Phạm Anh Sơn","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5676","url":null,"abstract":"The Cu2O/ZnO double films were fabricated using chemical vapor deposition technique from zinc pivalate and copper(II) acetylacetonate precursors. The crystalline phase composition of the films was examined by powder X-ray diffraction. The membrane surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Film thickness was measured on a surface profilometer. The electrical properties of the fabricated films, such as mobility and carrier concentration, and resistivity are determined by the Hall effect measurement method. The obtained results show that the double film consists of a Cu2O crystal layer with a cubic structure grown on a ZnO crystal layer, with an uneven surface. Cu2O/ZnO double film with Cu2O layer deposited at 240 oC has the best electrical properties. The electrical properties of the double film are better as the Cu2O layer thickness increases: the carrier concentration is highest, and the mobility is lowest when the thickness of Cu2O layer is 474 nm, the resistivity decreases as the Cu2O layer thickness increases.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5576
Nguyen Duc Hieu, T. Minh, Hoang Quoc Anh
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical organic pollutants of great concern due to their negative impacts on environmental and human health. The less polar and hydrophobic nature of PAHs is responsible for their ability to adsorb onto suspended particles and to accumulate in sediments. In this study, surface sediment samples were collected in the South Central Coast of Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam to determine concentrations of 16 PAHs. The sediment samples were directly ultrasound extracted with a mixture of acetone/hexane (1:1) and toluene. The extract was purified on a chromatographic column containing activated silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system with a DB-5ms column. The MS detector was operated in electron impact ionization (EI) mode and ion selective monitoring (SIM) mode. Levels of 16 PAHs ranged from 33.1 to 196 (mean 80.0) nanograms per gram sediment (ng/g). In all sediment samples, proportions of high molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings, 63–88%) were higher than those of low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings, 12–37%), indicating that emission sources are mainly related to thermal processes rather than petroleum products. The most predominant substances were: Pyr (14% ± 3%), Flt (12% ± 3%), Phe (10% ± 3%), Chr (9% ± 2%), and BaP (9% ± 3%). Further studies on the pollution status of PAHs and their derivatives in Vietnamese marine environments are essential.
{"title":"Contamination Levels and Accumulation Profiles of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Sediments from South Central Coast of Vietnam","authors":"Nguyen Duc Hieu, T. Minh, Hoang Quoc Anh","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5576","url":null,"abstract":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical organic pollutants of great concern due to their negative impacts on environmental and human health. The less polar and hydrophobic nature of PAHs is responsible for their ability to adsorb onto suspended particles and to accumulate in sediments. In this study, surface sediment samples were collected in the South Central Coast of Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam to determine concentrations of 16 PAHs. The sediment samples were directly ultrasound extracted with a mixture of acetone/hexane (1:1) and toluene. The extract was purified on a chromatographic column containing activated silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system with a DB-5ms column. The MS detector was operated in electron impact ionization (EI) mode and ion selective monitoring (SIM) mode. Levels of 16 PAHs ranged from 33.1 to 196 (mean 80.0) nanograms per gram sediment (ng/g). In all sediment samples, proportions of high molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings, 63–88%) were higher than those of low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings, 12–37%), indicating that emission sources are mainly related to thermal processes rather than petroleum products. The most predominant substances were: Pyr (14% ± 3%), Flt (12% ± 3%), Phe (10% ± 3%), Chr (9% ± 2%), and BaP (9% ± 3%). Further studies on the pollution status of PAHs and their derivatives in Vietnamese marine environments are essential.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5572
Le Thi Hong Nhan, Nguyen Thi Lieu, Vo Thi Trong Hoa, Ngo Kim Khue, Phan Thi Dieu, Nguyễn Trí Quốc, Vo Thi Tuyet Mai, Nguyen Dinh Doc, Do Thi Diem Thuy, Cao Van Hoang
This study focused on synthesis of Nd2O3/SiO2 material and its applications as plant stimulant for Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Guill. (Rutaceae). A solid-phase heating method was used to successfully synthesize Nd2O3/SiO2 material from Nd(NO3)3 and SiO2 precursors. The cultivation results indicated the potential application of the synthesized Nd2O3/SiO2 material as plant stimulants to induce root growth of Paramignya trimera as compared to the control, SiO2 and Nd2O3 exposed plants. Root length of the control, SiO2, Nd2O3 and Nd2O3/SiO2 exposed Paramignya trimera were 12.11, 15.12, 17.56 và 26.12 cm, respectively. Silica is a nutrient that promotes growth, increases crop output by assisting in the formation and regeneration of plant cell walls. Nd2O3 increased the seedling and root growth. Combining both SiO2 and Nd2O3 exhibited synergic effects to greatly induce root growth of the Paramignya trimera. The root length of the Nd2O3/SiO2 material exposed plant were greatly higher than those of the individual material exposed plants.
{"title":"Synthesis of Nd2O3/SiO2 Material Applying for the Growth of Paramignya trimera","authors":"Le Thi Hong Nhan, Nguyen Thi Lieu, Vo Thi Trong Hoa, Ngo Kim Khue, Phan Thi Dieu, Nguyễn Trí Quốc, Vo Thi Tuyet Mai, Nguyen Dinh Doc, Do Thi Diem Thuy, Cao Van Hoang","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5572","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on synthesis of Nd2O3/SiO2 material and its applications as plant stimulant for Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Guill. (Rutaceae). A solid-phase heating method was used to successfully synthesize Nd2O3/SiO2 material from Nd(NO3)3 and SiO2 precursors. The cultivation results indicated the potential application of the synthesized Nd2O3/SiO2 material as plant stimulants to induce root growth of Paramignya trimera as compared to the control, SiO2 and Nd2O3 exposed plants. Root length of the control, SiO2, Nd2O3 and Nd2O3/SiO2 exposed Paramignya trimera were 12.11, 15.12, 17.56 và 26.12 cm, respectively. Silica is a nutrient that promotes growth, increases crop output by assisting in the formation and regeneration of plant cell walls. Nd2O3 increased the seedling and root growth. Combining both SiO2 and Nd2O3 exhibited synergic effects to greatly induce root growth of the Paramignya trimera. The root length of the Nd2O3/SiO2 material exposed plant were greatly higher than those of the individual material exposed plants.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5608
Pham Huy Phong, Nguyen Thi Dinh, P. G. Kumar
India is one of countries that has the highest biodiversity level of Hymenoptera in the Oriental region, as well as in the world. Hence, studies of its biology have received a large consideration of entomologists. In a course of study on Hymenoptera in Odisha state of the country in 2015, we observed the nesting behavior of several wasps and recorded their new nesting sites. Therefore, this study presents notes on the nesting behavior of the four Indian wasps, namely, Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom) (Sphecidae), Trypoxylon petiolatum F. Smith (Crabronidae), Delta esuriens (Fabricius) and Xenorhynchium nitidulum (Fabricius) (both, Vespidae: Eumeninae). The first two wasps used man-made holes on the walls of a big temple for their nesting sites, fully stored paralyzed spiders in the nest cells for offspring and plugged them with mud, in a case of Chalybion bengalense, females added a white layer of unknown material on the outside surface of covers. Delta esuriens chose its nesting site beneath the thatched roof of a human house, built a linear series of pot-shaped mud cells that were firmly attached to some rice blades hung loosely beneath the roof and provisioned caterpillars in these nest cells. The latter built a mud nest on a wall of a human house. Xenorhynchium nitidulum made a nest cell oblique a 30° angle from the vertical surface of the wall, plastered the outside surface of the cell with tree resin of a certain plant species after completion of building and then stored prey of an unknown caterpillar in the cell. The female of Xenorhynchium nitidulum sit in the nest cell after provisioning of the first prey to the following morning suggesting that the wasp progressively provisions its nest and the egg is laid prior to provisioning.
{"title":"Notes on the Nesting Behavior of Four Solitary Wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in India","authors":"Pham Huy Phong, Nguyen Thi Dinh, P. G. Kumar","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5608","url":null,"abstract":"India is one of countries that has the highest biodiversity level of Hymenoptera in the Oriental region, as well as in the world. Hence, studies of its biology have received a large consideration of entomologists. In a course of study on Hymenoptera in Odisha state of the country in 2015, we observed the nesting behavior of several wasps and recorded their new nesting sites. Therefore, this study presents notes on the nesting behavior of the four Indian wasps, namely, Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom) (Sphecidae), Trypoxylon petiolatum F. Smith (Crabronidae), Delta esuriens (Fabricius) and Xenorhynchium nitidulum (Fabricius) (both, Vespidae: Eumeninae). The first two wasps used man-made holes on the walls of a big temple for their nesting sites, fully stored paralyzed spiders in the nest cells for offspring and plugged them with mud, in a case of Chalybion bengalense, females added a white layer of unknown material on the outside surface of covers. Delta esuriens chose its nesting site beneath the thatched roof of a human house, built a linear series of pot-shaped mud cells that were firmly attached to some rice blades hung loosely beneath the roof and provisioned caterpillars in these nest cells. The latter built a mud nest on a wall of a human house. Xenorhynchium nitidulum made a nest cell oblique a 30° angle from the vertical surface of the wall, plastered the outside surface of the cell with tree resin of a certain plant species after completion of building and then stored prey of an unknown caterpillar in the cell. The female of Xenorhynchium nitidulum sit in the nest cell after provisioning of the first prey to the following morning suggesting that the wasp progressively provisions its nest and the egg is laid prior to provisioning.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5527
Nguyen Thuy Duong, Nguyen Phuong Anh, N. V. Hai
The mitochondrial genome, with outstanding characteristics such as maternal inheritance, non-recombination and high mutation rate, is of great importance in population genetics and evolution research. To study the genetic diversity and the distribution of haplogroups of the Tai – Kadai language group, blood samples of 108 men from three ethnic groups Tay, Thai and Nung were collected. Total DNA extracted from blood samples was used for library preparation and whole mitochondrial genome sequencing using NGS. Comparing the obtained mitochondrial genome sequence with the RSRS (Reconstructed Sapiens Reference sequence) from Genbank (NC_012920) revealed 3929 distinct variants in 108 individuals with 1663 variants in the Tay ethnic group, 905 variants in the Thai ethnic group and 1361 variants in the Nung ethnic group. Nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype were highest in the Thai ethnic group, being 0.0023 and 0.989, respectively. The genetic distances between each ethnic group pair (Tay-Nung, Tay-Thai and Thai-Nung), as shown by the FST values, were 0.03101; 0.00447 and 0.03282, respectively. Haplogroup analysis showed that 108 studied individuals belonged to 33 different haplogroups, belonging to 2 groups of haplogroups M and N. The most frequent haplogroups in Tay Thai and Nung were B4, F1 and M7, respectively. The results of this study show that although belonging to the same Tai - Kadai language family, the mitochondrial genomes among the three ethnic groups Tay, Thai, and Nung still have notable differences.
{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Haplogroup Distribution of Three Ethnic Groups Tay, Thai, and Nung","authors":"Nguyen Thuy Duong, Nguyen Phuong Anh, N. V. Hai","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5527","url":null,"abstract":"The mitochondrial genome, with outstanding characteristics such as maternal inheritance, non-recombination and high mutation rate, is of great importance in population genetics and evolution research. To study the genetic diversity and the distribution of haplogroups of the Tai – Kadai language group, blood samples of 108 men from three ethnic groups Tay, Thai and Nung were collected. Total DNA extracted from blood samples was used for library preparation and whole mitochondrial genome sequencing using NGS. Comparing the obtained mitochondrial genome sequence with the RSRS (Reconstructed Sapiens Reference sequence) from Genbank (NC_012920) revealed 3929 distinct variants in 108 individuals with 1663 variants in the Tay ethnic group, 905 variants in the Thai ethnic group and 1361 variants in the Nung ethnic group. Nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype were highest in the Thai ethnic group, being 0.0023 and 0.989, respectively. The genetic distances between each ethnic group pair (Tay-Nung, Tay-Thai and Thai-Nung), as shown by the FST values, were 0.03101; 0.00447 and 0.03282, respectively. Haplogroup analysis showed that 108 studied individuals belonged to 33 different haplogroups, belonging to 2 groups of haplogroups M and N. The most frequent haplogroups in Tay Thai and Nung were B4, F1 and M7, respectively. The results of this study show that although belonging to the same Tai - Kadai language family, the mitochondrial genomes among the three ethnic groups Tay, Thai, and Nung still have notable differences.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5627
K. T. Huyền, Nguyen The Hieu, Nguyen Duc Hieu, Nguyen Van Duc, Nguyen Thi Son, Nguyen Thi Anh Huong, Hoang Quoc Anh
Studies on the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Vietnamese incinerator ash samples are relatively limited. In this study, an analytical procedure for the determination of 16 PAHs in fly ash and bottom ash of municipal waste incinerator was investigated. PAHs were extracted from the ash samples by using a focused ultrasonic processor with different solvents including acetone, dichloromethane, and toluene. Among these solvents, toluene exhibited the highest extraction efficiency. The PAH extracts were purified by passing through solid phase extraction cartridges containing silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system operated in electron impact ionization (EI) and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents and total PAH concentrations in the bottom ash were about 6 times higher than those of the fly ash. Levels of PAHs in our ash samples were generally lower than values documented by previous studies in the UK, Sweden, China, and Taiwan. Concentrations and profiles of PAHs in ash samples varied greatly and additional studies on these pollutants in waste incineration activities are needed to characterize their formation mechanism and emission pathway.
{"title":"Study on Analysis of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Municipal Waste Incinerator Fly Ash and Bottom Ash","authors":"K. T. Huyền, Nguyen The Hieu, Nguyen Duc Hieu, Nguyen Van Duc, Nguyen Thi Son, Nguyen Thi Anh Huong, Hoang Quoc Anh","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5627","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Vietnamese incinerator ash samples are relatively limited. In this study, an analytical procedure for the determination of 16 PAHs in fly ash and bottom ash of municipal waste incinerator was investigated. PAHs were extracted from the ash samples by using a focused ultrasonic processor with different solvents including acetone, dichloromethane, and toluene. Among these solvents, toluene exhibited the highest extraction efficiency. The PAH extracts were purified by passing through solid phase extraction cartridges containing silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system operated in electron impact ionization (EI) and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents and total PAH concentrations in the bottom ash were about 6 times higher than those of the fly ash. Levels of PAHs in our ash samples were generally lower than values documented by previous studies in the UK, Sweden, China, and Taiwan. Concentrations and profiles of PAHs in ash samples varied greatly and additional studies on these pollutants in waste incineration activities are needed to characterize their formation mechanism and emission pathway.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5641
Bui Thi Hong Nhung, Le Thien Bao Long, Nguyen Viet Hung, Nguyen Khac Tiep, Dang Thai Hoang, Do Huy Hoang, Tran Phuong Thao
Tetrazole derivatives are a prominent class of heterocycles that hold significant value in medicinal chemistry and drug design. Their importance stems from their bioisosteric resemblance to carboxylic acid and amide moieties and their favorable metabolic stability and other beneficial physicochemical properties. In light of this, novel derivatives bearing the (pyridine-2-yl)tetrazol scaffold were synthesized with the presence of acid, ester and amide moieties and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Through a three-step synthesis reaction initiated with 2-pyridine carbonitrile, compound IV was successfully obtained with II and III as the intermediates. All substances II - III - IV demonstrated inhibitory activity against the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Notably, substance IV exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition, achieving 23,7 % at a concentration of 75 µM. Based on molecular docking simulations, compounds containing stronger nucleophilic substituents exhibit more robust AChE enzyme inhibitory activity due to a greater abundance of hydrogen bonds. This drug-likeness simulation and ADME prediction highlight the potential of tetrazole derivatives as a promising treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
四氮唑衍生物是一类重要的杂环化合物，在药物化学和药物设计中具有重要价值。它们的重要性源于其与羧酸和酰胺分子的生物异构相似性、良好的代谢稳定性以及其他有益的理化特性。有鉴于此，我们合成了含有酸、酯和酰胺分子的（吡啶-2-基）四唑支架新型衍生物，并评估了它们对乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的抑制作用。通过以 2-吡啶腈为起始的三步合成反应，以 II 和 III 为中间体，成功获得了化合物 IV。所有物质 II - III - IV 都对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有抑制活性。值得注意的是，物质 IV 的抑制率最高，在浓度为 75 µM 时达到 23.7%。根据分子对接模拟，含有更强亲核取代基的化合物由于氢键更丰富，对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性更强。这种药物相似性模拟和 ADME 预测突显了四唑衍生物作为阿尔茨海默病治疗药物的潜力。
{"title":"Structures and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Abilities of some Derivatives Bearing (Pyridin-2-yl)tetrazole Scaffold","authors":"Bui Thi Hong Nhung, Le Thien Bao Long, Nguyen Viet Hung, Nguyen Khac Tiep, Dang Thai Hoang, Do Huy Hoang, Tran Phuong Thao","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5641","url":null,"abstract":"Tetrazole derivatives are a prominent class of heterocycles that hold significant value in medicinal chemistry and drug design. Their importance stems from their bioisosteric resemblance to carboxylic acid and amide moieties and their favorable metabolic stability and other beneficial physicochemical properties. In light of this, novel derivatives bearing the (pyridine-2-yl)tetrazol scaffold were synthesized with the presence of acid, ester and amide moieties and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Through a three-step synthesis reaction initiated with 2-pyridine carbonitrile, compound IV was successfully obtained with II and III as the intermediates. All substances II - III - IV demonstrated inhibitory activity against the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Notably, substance IV exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition, achieving 23,7 % at a concentration of 75 µM. Based on molecular docking simulations, compounds containing stronger nucleophilic substituents exhibit more robust AChE enzyme inhibitory activity due to a greater abundance of hydrogen bonds. This drug-likeness simulation and ADME prediction highlight the potential of tetrazole derivatives as a promising treatment for Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5593
Nguyen Quang Minh, Nguyen Dang Dai, Than Thi Trang Uyen
Developing models for preclinical examinations to avoid using animals has been increasing worldwide. Besides creating cell lines or tissues specialized for in vitro testing, biological wastes are also utilized as a potential tissue source for ex vivo examinations. In particular, the human skin from plastic surgery can be an ideal source of skin models to evaluate the effectiveness of some biological products with the advantage of possessing a natural finished skin structure. However, to maintain skin viability under laboratory conditions, it is necessary to establish ex vivo skin tissue nurturing conditions. Therefore, we tested conditions for culturing skin tissue outside the body using the air-liquid interface tissue culture method and Wharton's Jelly (WJ) from the umbilical cords and nutrient medium. The results showed that the skin tissue could maintain and survive in the air-liquid interface tissue culture conditions. Results from observations showed that the size and color of skin tissues were consistent until ten days and 15 days, when skin tissues were maintained in the nutrient media or nutrient media combined with WJ, respectively. Additionally, the histological analysis indicated that cultured skin tissues could maintain their normal structure of three epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis layers; the epidermis started to separate from the dermis after ten days or 15 days, depending on whether skin tissues were maintained in nutrient media only or nutrient media combined with WJ, respectively. Moreover, hair follicles, melanocytes, and keratinocytes were observed at their right location and typical structure. These results indicated that skin could survive in a nutrient medium for ten days, particularly prolonged over 15 days in a combination of nutrient medium and WJ. These results indicated the potential to maintain skin tissue ex vivo and use it for different tests under laboratory conditions.
{"title":"The Capacity of Wharton's Jelly to Prolong the Survival of Skin Tissues ex vivo","authors":"Nguyen Quang Minh, Nguyen Dang Dai, Than Thi Trang Uyen","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5593","url":null,"abstract":"Developing models for preclinical examinations to avoid using animals has been increasing worldwide. Besides creating cell lines or tissues specialized for in vitro testing, biological wastes are also utilized as a potential tissue source for ex vivo examinations. In particular, the human skin from plastic surgery can be an ideal source of skin models to evaluate the effectiveness of some biological products with the advantage of possessing a natural finished skin structure. However, to maintain skin viability under laboratory conditions, it is necessary to establish ex vivo skin tissue nurturing conditions. Therefore, we tested conditions for culturing skin tissue outside the body using the air-liquid interface tissue culture method and Wharton's Jelly (WJ) from the umbilical cords and nutrient medium. The results showed that the skin tissue could maintain and survive in the air-liquid interface tissue culture conditions. Results from observations showed that the size and color of skin tissues were consistent until ten days and 15 days, when skin tissues were maintained in the nutrient media or nutrient media combined with WJ, respectively. Additionally, the histological analysis indicated that cultured skin tissues could maintain their normal structure of three epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis layers; the epidermis started to separate from the dermis after ten days or 15 days, depending on whether skin tissues were maintained in nutrient media only or nutrient media combined with WJ, respectively. Moreover, hair follicles, melanocytes, and keratinocytes were observed at their right location and typical structure. These results indicated that skin could survive in a nutrient medium for ten days, particularly prolonged over 15 days in a combination of nutrient medium and WJ. These results indicated the potential to maintain skin tissue ex vivo and use it for different tests under laboratory conditions.","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5637
Tran Thi Ngoc Anh, Sai Cong Danh, Nguyen Thi Thu, Do Huy Hoang
To optimize the surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) phenomenon on the surface of noble metals, gold nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of nano-sized copper wires to enhance the dispersion of gold particles on the research surface. A simple experimental procedure was carried out in two stages. First, the thin copper substrate was lightly oxidized with ammonium persulfate in an alkaline environment, then incubated at 200oC for 3 hours to form copper nanowires that exist stably on the substrate surface. Immediately afterward, highly uniform CuO/Au nanowires were formed by the chemical reduction of HAuCl4 on the surface of the oxidized copper plate. The results show that gold nanoparticles of about 5 nm were attached to CuO nanowires with a length of up to 10 µm and a diameter between 100 and 300 nm. The X-ray energy dispersive spectrum demonstrated a uniform distribution of gold particles. The CuO/Au structure was used as a SERS substrate to detect methylene blue at a low concentration of 10 pM corresponding to 2 signals at the peaks 1395 cm−1 and 1625 cm−1 as the C-H and C-C deformation vibrations of the aromatic ring. The logarithms of the methylene blue concentrations were linearly proportional to their SERS signal intensity of methylene blue at the peak of 1625 cm-1 with a value R2 = 0.96. The signals of SERS for methylene blue at twelve different points on the material sample showed no significant differences in both intensity and shape of the spectrum, with an RSD value of 5.9%.
{"title":"Fabrication of CuO/Au Nanowires on a Copper Substrate for Ultra-Sensitive SERS Sensors","authors":"Tran Thi Ngoc Anh, Sai Cong Danh, Nguyen Thi Thu, Do Huy Hoang","doi":"10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5637","url":null,"abstract":" To optimize the surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) phenomenon on the surface of noble metals, gold nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of nano-sized copper wires to enhance the dispersion of gold particles on the research surface. A simple experimental procedure was carried out in two stages. First, the thin copper substrate was lightly oxidized with ammonium persulfate in an alkaline environment, then incubated at 200oC for 3 hours to form copper nanowires that exist stably on the substrate surface. Immediately afterward, highly uniform CuO/Au nanowires were formed by the chemical reduction of HAuCl4 on the surface of the oxidized copper plate. The results show that gold nanoparticles of about 5 nm were attached to CuO nanowires with a length of up to 10 µm and a diameter between 100 and 300 nm. The X-ray energy dispersive spectrum demonstrated a uniform distribution of gold particles. The CuO/Au structure was used as a SERS substrate to detect methylene blue at a low concentration of 10 pM corresponding to 2 signals at the peaks 1395 cm−1 and 1625 cm−1 as the C-H and C-C deformation vibrations of the aromatic ring. The logarithms of the methylene blue concentrations were linearly proportional to their SERS signal intensity of methylene blue at the peak of 1625 cm-1 with a value R2 = 0.96. The signals of SERS for methylene blue at twelve different points on the material sample showed no significant differences in both intensity and shape of the spectrum, with an RSD value of 5.9%. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":23524,"journal":{"name":"VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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