Utilities Policy最新文献_第5页

Evaluation of Water Safety Plan outcomes and impacts in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Uganda 乌干达Bushenyi-Ishaka市水安全计划成果和影响评估

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102106

Christopher Kanyesigye , Giuliana Ferrero , Sara J. Marks , Charles B. Niwagaba , Robinah N. Kulabako , Frank Kansiime

The World Health Organization recommends Water Safety Plans (WSP) as the most effective means of ensuring safe drinking-water supply. WSP performance evaluation is necessary for improving water service delivery, scaling up, and motivating the roll out of WSP. In this study, the evaluation of WSP development and implementation was done in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, a mid-sized semi-rural town in southwestern Uganda. Training of operations staff and the WSP team was done. Performance indicator data were collected before, during, and after 18 months of WSP implementation to determine the changes attributable to this intervention. Structured semi-quantitative questionnaires were used for data collection, which consisted of 11 progressive outcome indicators categorized under operational and institutional changes, and 14 short-term impact indicators categorized under water supply change. Results showed that WSP implementation enabled improvement in infrastructure, operational monitoring, customer engagement meetings, and training. Implementation of WSP did not result in improved catchment management, development and review of standard operating procedures and holding of internal meetings. Regarding short-term impacts, there was a significant improvement in compliance levels with drinking water quality standards, continuity of water supply, and customer satisfaction, as assessed by the frequency of complaints. There was, however, a significant reduction in the revenue-cost ratio (p = 0.001), likely due to an inadequate budget for implementing service expansion.

世界卫生组织建议将水安全计划作为确保安全饮用水供应的最有效手段。科进绩效评估对于改善供水服务交付、扩大规模和推动科进的推广是必要的。在这项研究中，对WSP的开发和实施进行了评估，该评估是在乌干达西南部的一个中型半农村城镇Bushenyi-Ishaka市进行的。对操作人员和科进团队进行了培训。在实施WSP之前、期间和之后的18个月收集了绩效指标数据，以确定该干预措施导致的变化。数据收集采用结构化半定量问卷，其中包括11个业务和制度变化分类的渐进式结果指标和14个供水变化分类的短期影响指标。结果显示，WSP的实施在基础设施、操作监控、客户参与会议和培训方面进行了改进。水务服务计划的实施并没有改善集水区的管理、制订和检讨标准作业程序，以及举行内部会议。就短期影响而言，在符合饮用水水质标准的水平、供水的连续性和顾客满意度（以投诉频率衡量）方面均有显著改善。然而，收入成本比显著降低（p = 0.001），可能是由于执行服务扩展的预算不足。

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引用次数: 0

Building stakeholder trust in regulatory governance: Evidence from Ghana's public utilities regulatory commission 建立利益相关者对监管治理的信任：来自加纳公用事业监管委员会的证据

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102082

Tia Abdulai Robert Aziz , Emmanuel Kems Bigodza , Albert Ahenkan , James Kwame Mensah

This study examines the determinants of stakeholder trust in the Public Utilities Regulatory Commission (PURC) of Ghana by investigating the influence of five (5) governance constructs (independence, transparency, effectiveness, regulatory responsiveness, and accountability). Drawing on the stakeholder theory and literature on regulatory governance, the study employed cross-sectional data using a sample of 280 stakeholders from various sectors. The findings provide strong empirical support for the hypothesized relationships between stakeholder trust and four of the constructs: independence, transparency, regulatory responsiveness, and effectiveness. However, accountability did not emerge as a statistically significant predictor. Perceived independence and effectiveness consistently demonstrate a statistically significant positive association with stakeholder trust, highlighting the centrality of institutional autonomy and performance in shaping confidence in regulatory institutions. Transparency and responsiveness are also relevant, albeit with relatively smaller effect sizes, indicating that while openness and attentiveness enhance stakeholder confidence, they do not outweigh the foundational importance of independence and institutional effectiveness. Taken together, these results advance both theoretical understanding and practical implications of how regulatory bodies in developing country contexts build and sustain trust among diverse stakeholders. Theoretically, the study contributes to scholarship on governance and stakeholder trust by reinforcing the salience of independence and effectiveness as essential qualities of regulatory legitimacy in developing countries. Practically, these findings carry important implications for regulatory policy and practice in Ghana and similar developing country contexts. PURC must strengthen its institutional independence from political interference and improve the perceived effectiveness of its regulatory mandate to improve stakeholder trust.

本研究通过调查五(5)个治理结构（独立性、透明度、有效性、监管响应性和问责制）的影响，探讨了加纳公用事业监管委员会（PURC）中利益相关者信任的决定因素。借鉴利益相关者理论和有关监管治理的文献，本研究采用了来自不同部门的280名利益相关者样本的横断面数据。研究结果为利益相关者信任与四个结构（独立性、透明度、监管响应性和有效性）之间的假设关系提供了强有力的实证支持。然而，问责制并没有成为统计上显著的预测因素。感知到的独立性和有效性始终显示出与利益相关者信任的统计显著正相关，突出了机构自治和绩效在塑造监管机构信心方面的中心地位。透明度和响应性也有相关性，尽管影响规模相对较小，这表明虽然开放和关注增强了利益相关者的信心，但它们并不超过独立性和机构有效性的基础重要性。综上所述，这些结果促进了对发展中国家监管机构如何在不同利益相关者之间建立和维持信任的理论理解和实践意义。从理论上讲，该研究通过强调独立性和有效性作为发展中国家监管合法性的基本品质的重要性，有助于治理和利益相关者信任方面的学术研究。实际上，这些发现对加纳和类似发展中国家的监管政策和实践具有重要意义。PURC必须加强其不受政治干预的机构独立性，并提高其监管授权的感知有效性，以提高利益相关者的信任。

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引用次数: 0

Shaping electricity end-user behaviour for demand response using the COM-B model 利用COM-B模型塑造电力终端用户的需求响应行为

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102087

Daniele Stampatori , Sanchayan Banerjee , José Pablo Chaves Ávila

Electricity end users can contribute to the secure operation of the future power system by aligning their electricity consumption with the overall system's needs. To facilitate this, end users should receive economic signals that are economically optimal and behaviourally salient to guide their decisions. In fact, end users may not respond to economic signals solely based on economic evaluations. We propose a conceptual framework that describes ways in which key stakeholders can influence end-user behaviour in demand response programmes. We do this in two steps. First, we identify key stakeholders by examining demand response contracts. Second, we categorise literature on end-user behaviour in electricity demand response through the established Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) model. We extend this model by integrating behaviourally informed tools that stakeholders can employ to facilitate end-user participation in demand response programmes. Our setup enables policymakers to better understand key behavioural determinants, allowing them to design behaviourally informed energy policies for demand response.

电力终端用户可以通过将其用电量与整个系统的需求保持一致，从而为未来电力系统的安全运行做出贡献。为了促进这一点，最终用户应该收到经济上最优和行为上显著的经济信号，以指导他们的决策。事实上，最终用户可能不会仅仅根据经济评价对经济信号作出反应。我们提出了一个概念性框架，描述了关键利益相关者在需求响应计划中影响最终用户行为的方式。我们分两步来做。首先，我们通过检查需求响应契约来确定关键的利益相关者。其次，我们通过建立的能力，机会，动机-行为（COM-B）模型对电力需求响应中终端用户行为的文献进行分类。我们通过整合利益相关者可以使用的行为信息工具来促进最终用户参与需求响应计划，扩展了这一模型。我们的设置使政策制定者能够更好地理解关键的行为决定因素，使他们能够根据需求响应设计符合行为的能源政策。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence assets and energy markets: Risk correlation dynamics and determinants 人工智能资产和能源市场：风险相关动态和决定因素

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102118

Min Liu , Jianzhong Huang , Shuai Liu

Energy market stability is vital for global economic growth, yet increasing financial, geopolitical, and climate uncertainties have heightened cross-market risks. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative driver of technology and energy systems, its financial connections to energy markets remain underexplored. Existing studies primarily focus on traditional assets or clean energy linkages, overlooking AI as a distinct asset class in global risk transmission. This study investigates the dynamic risk correlations between AI assets and energy markets using a mixed-frequency DCC-MIDAS(-X) framework over the period March 2018 to December 2023, encompassing major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 energy crisis. The results reveal four key findings. (1) AI assets act as an effective hedge for natural gas and China's INE crude oil and a moderate diversifier for WTI, Brent, gasoline, and gas oil. (2) A persistently strong correlation exists between AI and clean energy, reflecting deep technological and investment integration. (3) Pronounced regional heterogeneity is identified: Western benchmarks exhibit stronger AI linkages than Asian and Middle Eastern markets. (4) Dollar fluctuation, climate policy uncertainty, and economic policy uncertainty significantly strengthen AI-energy correlations, while trade and geopolitical risks have weak effects. Overall, the findings highlight the growing financial interconnectedness between the technology and energy sectors. The study contributes by incorporating a regional comparative perspective and identifying macro-policy drivers of AI-energy linkages, offering implications for coordinated policy design and strategic portfolio diversification.

能源市场稳定对全球经济增长至关重要，但日益增加的金融、地缘政治和气候不确定性加剧了跨市场风险。尽管人工智能（AI）已成为技术和能源系统的变革性驱动力，但其与能源市场的金融联系仍未得到充分探索。现有的研究主要集中在传统资产或清洁能源的联系上，忽视了人工智能在全球风险传递中的独特资产类别。本研究使用混合频率DCC-MIDAS（-X）框架，调查了2018年3月至2023年12月期间人工智能资产与能源市场之间的动态风险相关性，包括COVID-19大流行和2022年能源危机等重大事件。研究结果揭示了四个关键发现。(1)人工智能资产是天然气和中国INE原油的有效对冲工具，也是WTI、布伦特、汽油和天然气的适度多元化工具。(2)人工智能与清洁能源之间存在持续的强相关性，体现了技术与投资的深度融合。(3)发现了明显的区域异质性：西方基准比亚洲和中东市场表现出更强的人工智能联系。(4)美元波动、气候政策不确定性和经济政策不确定性显著增强了人工智能-能源相关性，而贸易和地缘政治风险的影响较弱。总体而言，研究结果突显了科技和能源部门之间日益增长的金融互联性。该研究的贡献在于纳入了区域比较视角，并确定了人工智能-能源联系的宏观政策驱动因素，为协调政策设计和战略组合多样化提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

A synthesis of distributed energy resource impacts and regulatory responses with a focus on soft law 分布式能源影响和监管反应的综合，重点是软法律

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102104

Josh A. Dippenaar , Bernard Bekker , Kevin Foster , Megan Davies

The rapid proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs), including solar PV, battery storage, and electric vehicles, is fundamentally transforming power systems worldwide. Regulatory frameworks for the grid integration of DERs have struggled to keep pace, resulting in widespread non-compliance and a range of technical and financial challenges. This paper introduces a novel, penetration-based synthesis that maps DER impacts – including distribution grid constraints, utility revenue pressures, system flexibility, and stability concerns according to the level of DER adoption. We foreground the role of soft law – non-binding guidelines, voluntary standards, and stakeholder coalitions – and the concept of transition work as critical mechanisms for adaptive regulation. Drawing on a systematic literature review and international case studies, we identify how these impacts emerge at different penetration levels and demonstrate how timely, flexible regulatory responses can mitigate risks. Our analysis shows that adaptive, equitable tariff design and collaborative institutional reform are essential for sustainable DER integration. We argue that soft law and transition work enable more responsive, anticipatory regulation than traditional hard law alone. These findings offer actionable pathways for policymakers, regulators, and utility managers seeking to address the evolving technical and institutional challenges of DER integration and accelerate the energy transition.

分布式能源（DERs）的迅速扩散，包括太阳能光伏、电池存储和电动汽车，正在从根本上改变全球的电力系统。DERs电网整合的监管框架一直在努力跟上步伐，导致广泛的不合规以及一系列技术和财务挑战。本文介绍了一种新颖的、基于渗透的综合方法，该方法可以根据采用DER的水平绘制DER影响图，包括配电网约束、公用事业收入压力、系统灵活性和稳定性问题。我们强调了软法律的作用——非约束性准则、自愿标准和利益相关者联盟——以及过渡工作的概念，它们是适应性监管的关键机制。通过系统的文献回顾和国际案例研究，我们确定了这些影响是如何在不同的渗透水平上出现的，并展示了及时、灵活的监管反应如何减轻风险。我们的分析表明，适应性、公平的关税设计和协作性的制度改革对于可持续的低成本地区一体化至关重要。我们认为，软法和过渡工作使监管比传统的硬法更有反应性和预见性。这些发现为政策制定者、监管机构和公用事业管理者提供了可行的途径，帮助他们解决分布式能源整合过程中不断变化的技术和制度挑战，并加速能源转型。

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引用次数: 0

Sectoral and macroeconomic implications of reducing implicit power sector subsidies in developing countries: Insights from Ethiopia 减少发展中国家隐性电力部门补贴的部门和宏观经济影响：来自埃塞俄比亚的见解

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102110

Amsalu Woldie Yalew

Policy reforms targeting implicit subsidies to public power utilities are expected to have repercussions on the electricity sector, as well as the rest of the economy. This study aims to glean insights into the potential direct and indirect effects of reforming implicit power sector subsidies in the context of low-income countries. Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, it is demonstrated that a hypothetical reduction in implicit subsidies in Ethiopia would increase the share of off-grid sources in the total electricity supply and enhance production efficiency in the grid electricity sector, with no substantial impact on GDP.

针对公共电力公司隐性补贴的政策改革，预计将对电力行业以及其他经济领域产生影响。本研究旨在深入了解在低收入国家背景下改革电力部门隐性补贴的潜在直接和间接影响。使用可计算一般均衡（CGE）模型，证明了假设埃塞俄比亚隐性补贴的减少将增加离网源在总电力供应中的份额，并提高电网电力部门的生产效率，而对GDP没有实质性影响。

引用次数: 0

Synergy or conflict? Assessing the combined emission reduction effects of environmental taxation and carbon trading in China's power sector 协同还是冲突？中国电力行业环境税与碳交易的联合减排效果评估

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102084

Song Chai , Jin Yang , Xintian Bi , Lin Tang , Maiyue Zhang , Jie Zhu

As environmental policies continue to proliferate, growing attention has turned to how one instrument may unintentionally offset or undermine the effectiveness of another. In China's power sector, for example, the Environmental Protection Tax (ET) may reduce emissions independently, but in doing so, it alters baseline conditions, depresses carbon prices, and weakens the incentive function of the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). This form of indirect policy interference has received limited empirical scrutiny. To address this gap, we develop a policy interaction framework to empirically assess the combined effects of ET and ETS in China's power sector. Leveraging a multi-period difference-in-differences model and variation in pilot policy implementation across provinces, we estimate the heterogeneous impacts of individual and joint policy treatments on carbon intensity. We also examine the transmission mechanism through which ET affects the carbon market by influencing allowance price dynamics. Our results show that both ETS and ET independently reduce carbon intensity, and that the effectiveness of ET increases with higher tax rates. However, when implemented concurrently, elevated tax rates suppress carbon prices and erode the market incentives intended by ETS. Mechanism analysis reveals that overlapping compliance costs can distort price signals and lead to suboptimal abatement behavior. These findings highlight a critical trade-off in hybrid environmental governance and underscore the need for better coordination between fiscal and market-based instruments to improve policy coherence and climate mitigation effectiveness, particularly in developing economies undergoing institutional transition.

随着环境政策的不断扩散，越来越多的注意力转向一种工具如何可能无意中抵消或破坏另一种工具的有效性。例如，在中国的电力行业，环境保护税（ET）可以独立地减少排放，但在这样做的过程中，它改变了基准条件，压低了碳价格，削弱了排放交易计划（ETS）的激励功能。这种形式的间接政策干预受到了有限的实证审查。为了解决这一差距，我们开发了一个政策互动框架，以经验评估碳排放交易和碳排放交易在中国电力行业的综合效应。利用多时期差异中差异模型和各省试点政策实施的差异，我们估计了单独和联合政策处理对碳强度的异质性影响。我们还研究了排放配额通过影响配额价格动态来影响碳市场的传导机制。我们的研究结果表明，碳排放交易体系和碳排放交易体系都能独立降低碳强度，并且碳排放交易体系的有效性随着税率的提高而提高。然而，如果同时实施，高税率会抑制碳价格，并削弱ETS所打算的市场激励。机制分析表明，重叠的合规成本会扭曲价格信号，导致次优减排行为。这些研究结果强调了混合环境治理的关键权衡，并强调需要更好地协调财政和市场手段，以提高政策一致性和减缓气候变化的有效性，特别是在正在进行体制转型的发展中经济体。

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引用次数: 0

One hundred and eighty years of capital expenditure for equitable and climate-resilient water and sanitation in England and Wales 180年的资本支出，用于英格兰和威尔士公平和适应气候变化的水和卫生设施

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102100

Richard Franceys , Sam Kayaga

For adequate water and sanitation services, it is necessary to consider the level of capital and capital maintenance expenditure for ongoing systems to deliver SDG-6 and now climate resilience. This study of utility capital expenditure over 180 years found that in England and Wales, UK, it took an average annual investment of $49 per capita (USD$ PPP, 2020 prices) to achieve ‘SDG-6’ equivalence after the first 125 years, at $22,800 GDP pc; $137pc to maintain and enhance service quality over the following 50 years to 2025; with regulatory approval for $228pc annually to 2030 ($50,000 GDP pc).

为了提供充足的水和卫生服务，有必要考虑现有系统的资本和资本维护支出水平，以实现可持续发展目标6和现在的气候适应能力。这项对180年来公用事业资本支出的研究发现，在英国的英格兰和威尔士，人均每年投资49美元（按购买力平价美元计算，2020年价格），在前125年后达到“可持续发展目标6”的等效值，年均GDP为22,800美元；在未来50年（至2025年）维持及提升服务质素，拨款百分之137；监管部门批准了到2030年每年2280亿美元（GDP 5万美元）。

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic optimization of PV-battery systems in five Australian states 澳大利亚五个州光伏电池系统的技术经济优化

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102103

Omid Motamedisedeh , Sara Omrani , Robin Drogemuller , Geoffrey Walker , Faranak Zagia , Zahra Motamedi Sedeh

This paper presents a comprehensive techno-economic optimization model to examine how optimal configurations of residential PV-battery systems have evolved across five Australian states over a twelve-year period (2013/14 to 2024/25), driven by changes in policy, electricity tariffs, and technology costs. As the global leader in rooftop solar adoption, Australia offers a valuable case for understanding the long-term dynamics of distributed energy systems. Unlike previous studies that focus on a single metric or static analysis, this research provides three key contributions: (a) a multi-indicator framework that evaluates financial and technical performance using metrics such as Net Present Value, Selfe-Consumption and Selfe-Sufficiency ratios, Cost of Electricity, and Curtailed-Supply Fraction; (b) a long-term temporal analysis that compares optimal system configurations and performance indicators across twelve consecutive years; and (c) a geographically diverse case study across Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania to capture regional variation. Results show that PV systems consistently delivered substantial financial benefits across most states, with average IRRs of ∼20 % and household electricity costs reduced by around 35 %. The highest savings were observed in Queensland, where PV-battery systems cut household electricity costs by up to 72 % in 2023. In the early years, optimal PV sizes ranged from 4 to 6 kW but expanded to 15–16 kW in recent years due to declining technology costs. Battery adoption, which became financially viable only from 2023 onward, increased household self-sufficiency to an average of 60 % and up to 76 % in South Australia, although self-consumption fell to 30–40 % in some oversized systems. Tasmania was an outlier, where PV adoption was not financially attractive until after 2015, and batteries remained non-viable throughout the study period.

本文提出了一个全面的技术经济优化模型，以研究在政策、电价和技术成本变化的推动下，澳大利亚五个州在12年期间（2013/14至2024/25）住宅光伏电池系统的最佳配置是如何演变的。作为屋顶太阳能采用的全球领导者，澳大利亚为理解分布式能源系统的长期动态提供了一个有价值的案例。与以往专注于单一指标或静态分析的研究不同，本研究提供了三个关键贡献：(a)一个多指标框架，使用净现值、自用和自用比率、电力成本和缩减供应比例等指标评估财务和技术绩效；(b)连续12年比较最佳系统配置和性能指标的长期时间分析；(c)对昆士兰州、新南威尔士州、南澳大利亚州、维多利亚州和塔斯马尼亚州进行地理上多样化的案例研究，以捕捉地区差异。结果表明，光伏系统在大多数州持续带来可观的经济效益，平均内部收益率为20%，家庭电力成本降低了35%左右。省电最多的是昆士兰州，到2023年，那里的光伏电池系统将使家庭用电成本降低72%。在早期，最佳的光伏发电规模在4到6千瓦之间，但近年来由于技术成本的下降，扩大到15到16千瓦。从2023年开始，电池的采用才在经济上可行，将家庭自给率提高到平均60%，在南澳大利亚提高到76%，尽管在一些超大系统中，自给率下降到30 - 40%。塔斯马尼亚州是一个例外，在2015年之前，光伏的采用在经济上没有吸引力，在整个研究期间，电池仍然是不可行的。

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引用次数: 0

The financial impact and minimization strategy of invisible photovoltaic installations in Thailand 泰国隐形光伏装置的财务影响和最小化策略

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102116

Wutthipum Kanchana, Jai Govind Singh, Weerakorn Ongsakul

The growing integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Thailand is primarily driven by declining system costs and incentive schemes. This trend has concurrently led to the challenge of “invisible” PV installations. These installations fall into two categories: (1) exceeding the contracted specification, and (2) unnotified behind-the-meter connections that result in unintended meter reversal (‘meter-run-backward’). This study examines the financial evaluation of invisible PV installations by comparing their profitability with that of business-as-usual (BAU) projects. The analysis focuses on both centralized and residential PV systems under various incentive schemes, including Net Billing and Net Energy Metering.

Our finding reveals a significant economic distortion that the Net Present Value (NPV) of a centralized PV project incorporating hidden (invisible) capacity can increase by as much as 20.54 % relative to a baseline scenario, representing an average 6.53 % improvement over BAU compliance. Similarly, residential systems integrating invisible PV capacity achieve an average NPV enhancement of 26 % compared to BAU projects. To mitigate this issue, this research proposes a minimization strategy featuring an on-top penalty fee. Sensitivity analysis shows that the proposed fee structure, when strategically set within the 0.07–0.08 USD/kWh range, achieves the reduction in unauthorized project returns. This range is set explicitly below the average retail tariff rate but above the system's Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), thereby promoting fairness while effectively disincentivizing invisible PV adoption and addressing a critical gap in energy policy.

泰国太阳能光伏（PV）系统的日益一体化主要是由系统成本下降和奖励计划推动的。这一趋势同时也带来了“隐形”光伏装置的挑战。这些安装分为两类：(1)超出合同规格；(2)未通知的表后连接导致意外的仪表反转（“仪表倒跑”）。本研究通过将隐形光伏装置的盈利能力与常规商业（BAU）项目的盈利能力进行比较，对其进行财务评估。分析的重点是集中式和住宅光伏系统在各种激励方案下，包括净账单和净能源计量。我们的发现揭示了一个显著的经济扭曲，一个包含隐藏（不可见）容量的集中式光伏项目的净现值（NPV）相对于基线情景可以增加20.54%，比BAU合规平均提高6.53%。同样，与BAU项目相比，集成隐形光伏容量的住宅系统平均净现值提高了26%。为了缓解这一问题，本研究提出了一种以最高罚款为特征的最小化策略。敏感性分析表明，当策略设置在0.07-0.08美元/千瓦时范围内时，可实现对未授权项目收益的降低。该范围明确设定为低于平均零售电价，但高于系统的平准化能源成本（LCOE），从而促进了公平，同时有效地抑制了隐形光伏的采用，并解决了能源政策中的一个关键缺口。

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引用次数: 0