Utilities Policy最新文献_第4页

Examining the facilitators and barriers to public health inspector oversight of small drinking water systems in Ontario, Canada: A frontline perspective 审查加拿大安大略省公共卫生检查员监督小型饮用水系统的便利因素和障碍：一线视角

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2026.102154

Kajena Ravindran , Manuel Saba , Mehrab Mehrvar , Fatih Sekercioglu , Ciro Bustillo-LeCompte

The provision of safe drinking water depends on regular system maintenance and strict compliance with public health regulations. In Ontario, Canada, Public Health Inspectors (PHIs) are responsible for enforcing standards for small drinking water systems (SDWS), which often serve rural and resource-limited communities. This study examined the facilitators and barriers influencing the effectiveness of SDWS oversight from the perspective of frontline PHIs. An online survey was distributed to all 29 public health units in Ontario, yielding 28 responses (n = 28). The survey data underwent inductive thematic analysis to identify the key factors affecting program delivery and public health protection. Five principal themes were identified: (1) PHI knowledge and training, (2) operational and program support, (3) technological and field capacity, (4) challenges encountered by system owners and operators, and (5) legislative and regulatory compliance. Respondents indicated that, although regulations provide a helpful framework, limited training, resource constraints, and inconsistent enforcement hinder effective oversight. The findings indicate that improvements in inspector training, technological and field resources, and inter-jurisdictional coordination are fundamental for advancing the SDWS program. Strengthening SDWS effectiveness requires focused interventions in training, infrastructure, and coordination. Practitioner-identified priorities should inform future policy and funding allocation, stressing the importance of integrated, decentralized water governance.

提供安全饮用水取决于定期维护系统和严格遵守公共卫生条例。在加拿大安大略省，公共卫生检查员（PHIs）负责执行小型饮用水系统（SDWS）的标准，这些系统通常服务于农村和资源有限的社区。本研究从一线公共卫生工作者的角度探讨了影响SDWS监管有效性的因素和障碍。向安大略省所有29个公共卫生单位分发了一项在线调查，得到28份答复（n = 28）。对调查数据进行了归纳性专题分析，以确定影响方案实施和公众健康保护的关键因素。确定了五个主要主题：(1)PHI知识和培训，(2)操作和计划支持，(3)技术和现场能力，(4)系统所有者和操作员遇到的挑战，以及(5)立法和法规遵从性。答复者指出，尽管条例提供了有益的框架，但培训有限、资源限制和执法不一致阻碍了有效监督。研究结果表明，检查员培训、技术和现场资源以及司法管辖区间协调的改善是推进SDWS计划的基础。加强可持续发展系统的有效性需要在培训、基础设施和协调方面进行重点干预。从业者确定的优先事项应该为未来的政策和资金分配提供信息，强调综合的、分散的水治理的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Grid assessment of community-driven renewable energy technology and storage integration in rural Yucatan, Mexico 墨西哥尤卡坦农村社区驱动的可再生能源技术和储能整合电网评估

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102139

Francisco Javier Mendoza-Vizcaino, O. Canto-Franco, Manuel Flota-Bañuelos, M.A. Escalante Soberanis

This study focuses on integrating renewable energy technologies and storage systems into Pixya’s rural electrical grid, a Mayan community in Yucatán, Mexico. The project aims to reduce reliance on the utility grid, ensure uninterrupted electricity and water supply, and alleviate energy poverty. Using a deterministic methodology, the study designs a hybrid system combining photovoltaic panels and lithium-ion batteries, enabling the community to operate autonomously during grid outages. The proposed system generates 100% of the community’s energy needs, provides up to 14 days of autonomy, and significantly reduces

{C O}_{2}

emissions. Simulations using HOMER Pro and DIgSILENT confirm the technical feasibility and ensure stable operation under both grid-on and off-grid modes. The economic analysis reveals a payback period of 8.35–13.45 years, contingent upon subsidies or grants, as traditional financing remains unfeasible. This range considers two distinct tariffs: the subsidised, low-consumption residential tariff (Tariff 1C) at US$0.0687/kWh and the non-subsidised domestic tariff (DAC type) at US$0.2943/kWh. A novel arrangement model (to develop a novel contract type) is proposed to enable self-supply and energy injection into the grid, addressing current regulatory barriers to autonomous operation. The project aligns with Mexico’s energy transition goals and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 7, promoting clean energy access and fostering community empowerment. However, successful implementation necessitates policy adjustments, external funding, and a shift from economic to social priorities to ensure equitable development for rural indigenous communities.

这项研究的重点是将可再生能源技术和存储系统整合到墨西哥Yucatán的玛雅社区Pixya的农村电网中。该项目旨在减少对公用电网的依赖，确保不间断的电力和水供应，并缓解能源贫困。使用确定性方法，该研究设计了一个结合光伏板和锂离子电池的混合系统，使社区能够在电网中断时自主运行。该系统可以满足社区100%的能源需求，提供长达14天的自主权，并显著减少二氧化碳排放。使用HOMER Pro和DIgSILENT进行的仿真验证了技术可行性，并确保在并网和离网模式下都能稳定运行。经济分析显示，回收期为8.35年至13.45年，取决于补贴或赠款，因为传统融资仍然不可行的。这个范围考虑了两种不同的关税：补贴的低消耗住宅关税（关税1C）为0.0687美元/千瓦时，非补贴的国内关税（DAC类型）为0.2943美元/千瓦时。提出了一种新的安排模型（开发一种新的合同类型），以实现电网的自我供应和能量注入，解决当前自主运行的监管障碍。该项目符合墨西哥的能源转型目标和联合国可持续发展目标7，旨在促进清洁能源的获取和促进社区赋权。然而，成功的执行需要政策调整、外部资金和从经济优先转向社会优先，以确保农村土著社区的公平发展。

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引用次数: 0

Competition in pay-as-bid auctions of divisible energy blocks: Theory and evidence from Chile 可分割能源区块按出价付费拍卖中的竞争：来自智利的理论和证据

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102136

Jose L. Lima-Reyna

This article analyzes how limited supply capacity affects competition in forward-contract auctions for divisible energy blocks. Using a theoretical model and data from Chile's advanced CfD auctions, it shows that promoting the entry of new bidders with similar supply capacities reduces prices more effectively than expanding the supply capacity of existing firms. The Chilean experience shows that new entrants—particularly renewable energy firms after the 2015 reform—also increased competition and lowered prices despite their smaller supply capacities. Their participation had an effect comparable to boosting incumbents' capacity, highlighting the importance of entry over mere supply expansion for improving auction outcomes.

本文分析了可分能源区块远期合约拍卖中有限的供应能力对竞争的影响。利用理论模型和智利先进的差价合约拍卖数据表明，促进具有相似供应能力的新投标人进入比扩大现有公司的供应能力更有效地降低价格。智利的经验表明，新进入者——尤其是2015年改革后的可再生能源公司——尽管供应能力较小，但也增加了竞争，降低了价格。它们的参与产生的效果与提高现有企业的产能相当，突显了进入市场对改善拍卖结果的重要性，而不仅仅是扩大供应。

引用次数: 0

Asymmetries in water and sanitation services and how they are shaping urban drainage and stormwater management in Brazil 巴西供水和卫生服务的不对称及其对城市排水和雨水管理的影响

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102114

Alesi Teixeira Mendes , Conceição de Maria Albuquerque Alves

Achieving universal access to water and sanitation services (WSS) is one of the most significant public challenges in Brazil. The WSS are encompassed within the concept of ‘basic sanitation,’ which includes a comprehensive approach to policy interventions aimed at protecting public health and the environment. This broader definition incorporates potable water supply, wastewater collection and treatment, solid waste management, and urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM). However, these services have evolved disproportionately, with a focus on water supply and wastewater treatment. As a result, despite the critical importance of UDSM in urban areas, many Brazilian cities lack these services, leaving both populations and the environment vulnerable to adverse impacts. Although the reasons for this imbalance among services might be justified according to the priority of indispensable services, the UDSM has also proved essential to a broader concept of urban security, health, and sustainability. This article explores the asymmetries between UDSM and other WSS within Brazil's new regulatory framework, following the enactment of Law No. 14,026/2020. The findings reveal that, in the absence of institutional drivers rooted in the historical asymmetries observed during the consolidation of the National Water and Sanitation Policy (NWSP), UDSM services remain marginalized and face inertia in public policy. If this trend persists, UDSM services are unlikely to follow the same trajectory of improvement seen in other WSS, ultimately undermining the goal of achieving universal access to basic sanitation.

实现普遍获得水和环境卫生服务（WSS）是巴西最重大的公共挑战之一。《世界卫生宣言》包含在“基本卫生”概念中，其中包括旨在保护公众健康和环境的政策干预的综合办法。这个更广泛的定义包括饮用水供应、废水收集和处理、固体废物管理以及城市排水和雨水管理（UDSM）。然而，这些服务已经不成比例地发展，重点是供水和废水处理。因此，尽管UDSM在城市地区至关重要，但许多巴西城市缺乏这些服务，使人口和环境容易受到不利影响。虽然根据必不可少的服务的优先次序，各服务之间这种不平衡的原因可能是合理的，但UDSM也证明对更广泛的城市安全、健康和可持续性概念至关重要。本文探讨了在第14026 /2020号法律颁布后，巴西新监管框架内UDSM与其他WSS之间的不对称性。研究结果表明，由于在国家水和卫生政策（NWSP）巩固过程中观察到的历史不对称，缺乏制度性驱动因素，UDSM服务仍然被边缘化，并面临公共政策的惰性。如果这种趋势持续下去，UDSM的服务不太可能遵循其他WSS所看到的改善轨迹，最终破坏实现普遍获得基本卫生设施的目标。

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引用次数: 0

Welfare-maximizing market procurement of flexibility services for distribution network planning 配电网规划柔性服务的福利最大化市场采购

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102086

Ricardo Messias , Pedro M.S. Carvalho , Jorge Sousa

The ability of a power system to balance network investment with demand flexibility services is key to a decarbonized energy system. However, integrating flexibility services into distribution network planning raises challenges of procurement design and market structure. This paper addresses the research gap concerning the economic implications of local flexibility markets where the distribution system operator (DSO) acts as the single buyer. We propose a procurement mechanism that embeds counterfactual investment valuation into a pay-as-bid clearing rule and determines equilibrium through Marshallian surplus maximization. The methodology is illustrated with numerical case studies that compare procurement outcomes under complete and incomplete supply offers. Results show that, even when some bids exceed the DSO's valuation threshold, accepting them can increase welfare, thereby delivering efficient and rational price signals. These findings challenge the view that monopsony inevitably distorts markets: when disciplined by transparent and auditable valuation, it can support neutrality and efficiency. The framework aligns with the forthcoming Network Code on Demand Response and Distribution Network Development Plans disclosed, offering regulators and DSOs a practical tool for market-based procurement and a ready candidate for regulatory sandboxes.

电力系统平衡网络投资与需求灵活性服务的能力是实现脱碳能源系统的关键。然而，将柔性服务整合到配电网规划中，对采购设计和市场结构提出了挑战。本文讨论了配电系统运营商（DSO）作为单一购买者的本地柔性市场的经济影响的研究空白。我们提出了一种采购机制，该机制将反事实投资估值嵌入到按出价支付的清算规则中，并通过马歇尔盈余最大化来确定均衡。该方法用数字案例研究来说明，比较了完全供应和不完全供应情况下的采购结果。结果表明，即使一些出价超过了DSO的估值阈值，接受它们也可以增加福利，从而传递有效和理性的价格信号。这些发现挑战了垄断不可避免地扭曲市场的观点：当受到透明和可审计估值的约束时，它可以支持中立性和效率。该框架与即将发布的《需求响应网络规范》和《配电网发展计划》相一致，为监管机构和dso提供了基于市场的采购实用工具，并为监管沙箱提供了现成的候选工具。

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引用次数: 0

Developing localized net-zero pathways for Vietnam's energy sector: A case study of two provinces 为越南能源部门制定本地化的净零排放途径：以两个省为例

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102098

Nguyen Duc Tuyen , Vu Quoc Anh , Nguyen Dang Duong , Nguyen Linh Dan , Do Huy Toan

At COP26, Vietnam pledged to reach Net-zero (NZ) emissions by 2050. To support this goal, this study introduces a model for developing local NZ pathways, with a focus on the energy sector—the largest source of emissions. It assesses the potential of renewable energy, forest carbon sinks, transport electrification, and energy efficiency to shape region-specific plans. Tay Ninh province, known for its high solar potential, and Quang Tri, rich in forest carbon sinks, are examined as case studies to demonstrate the differences in NZ pathways in solar-dominant and forest-dominant provinces. Based on the findings, feasible NZ scenarios and policy recommendations are proposed to guide local action, contributing meaningfully to Vietnam's national NZ roadmap.

在COP26上，越南承诺到2050年实现净零排放（NZ）。为了实现这一目标，本研究引入了一个模型，用于开发新西兰当地的途径，重点关注能源部门-最大的排放源。它评估了可再生能源、森林碳汇、交通电气化和能源效率的潜力，以制定具体的区域计划。以其高太阳能潜力而闻名的德宁省和森林碳汇丰富的广治省作为案例研究，以展示太阳能优势省份和森林优势省份在新西兰路径上的差异。根据调查结果，提出了可行的新西兰情景和政策建议，以指导当地行动，为越南的国家新西兰路线图做出有意义的贡献。

引用次数: 0

Spatial analysis of state policy effects on renewable energy generation capacity in the United States 美国各州政策对可再生能源发电能力影响的空间分析

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102080

Pinky Thomas , Alan R. Collins , Xiaoli Etienne

This study evaluates the effectiveness of state-level policies on renewable energy (RE) generation capacity in the United States. Using a comprehensive panel dataset of 3017 counties from 2009 to 2019, we account for county-level variations in policy implementation and employ spatial panel models to capture spillover effects among neighboring counties. Our findings reveal that Renewable Portfolio Standards, expressed as percentage targets, significantly increase RE generation capacity across all sources. Property tax reductions boost solar and wind capacity but do not affect hydro and geothermal energy. In contrast, Energy Efficiency Resource Standards are negatively associated with hydro and geothermal capacity. Other policies, such as the Mandatory Green Power Option, sales tax incentives, and market deregulation, have shown no significant linkage with RE capacity. The results further indicate that spatial spillover effects are more pronounced for solar and wind generation capacity than for hydro and geothermal generation capacity. These findings highlight the need for tailored policies that consider the unique characteristics of each renewable energy source and account for regional interdependence in policy design.

本研究评估了美国各州可再生能源（RE）发电能力政策的有效性。利用2009年至2019年3017个县的综合面板数据集，我们考虑了政策执行的县级差异，并采用空间面板模型来捕捉相邻县之间的溢出效应。我们的研究结果表明，可再生能源投资组合标准（以百分比目标表示）显着增加了所有来源的可再生能源发电能力。财产税的削减提高了太阳能和风能的产能，但对水电和地热能没有影响。相比之下，能源效率资源标准与水力和地热能力呈负相关。其他政策，如强制性绿色电力选择、销售税激励和市场放松管制，都没有显示出与可再生能源容量的显著联系。研究结果进一步表明，太阳能和风能发电能力的空间溢出效应比水电和地热发电能力的空间溢出效应更为明显。这些发现突出表明，需要制定有针对性的政策，考虑到每一种可再生能源的独特特征，并考虑到政策设计中的区域相互依存关系。

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引用次数: 0

Reactive power market design for unutilized grid-forming assets to address power factor penalties in Turkiye 针对土耳其未利用并网资产的无功功率市场设计，以解决功率因数惩罚问题

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102083

Sinem Kol , Gokturk Poyrazoglu , Hasan Yilmaz

The increasing penetration of small-scale PV distributed generation in medium-voltage networks has introduced unexpected challenges. While PV generation reduces the real power drawn from the transmission grid, the absence of monetization for reactive power means that reactive demand remains unchanged. This mismatch results in declining power factors and potential financial penalties for DSOs. A local reactive power market offers an alternative solution, not for voltage stability but specifically for maintaining the power factor. This paper proposes a reactive market framework tailored for Turkiye, covering its operational steps, market-clearing process, demand elasticity, payment structure, and mathematical model. The framework incorporates a ±10% forecast tolerance to discourage gaming and promote fairness. It introduces the concept of a sustainability threshold to ensure that energy sustainability remains central to the system operations. Finally, two key regulatory proposals are discussed to accelerate implementation: spatial aggregation of power factor limits to increase competitiveness and dynamic, seasonally-adjusted thresholds to reflect demand seasonality.

小型光伏分布式发电在中压电网中的日益普及带来了意想不到的挑战。虽然光伏发电减少了从输电网获取的实际电力，但无功电力缺乏货币化意味着无功需求保持不变。这种不匹配导致功率因数下降，并可能对dso造成经济处罚。当地的无功电力市场提供了另一种解决方案，不是为了电压稳定，而是为了维持功率因数。本文提出了一个为土耳其量身定制的反应式市场框架，涵盖其操作步骤、市场清算流程、需求弹性、支付结构和数学模型。该框架包含了±10%的预测容忍度，以阻止游戏和促进公平。它引入了可持续性阈值的概念，以确保能源可持续性仍然是系统运行的核心。最后，讨论了加快实施的两个关键监管建议：提高竞争力的功率因数限制的空间聚集和反映需求季节性的动态季节性调整阈值。

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引用次数: 0

Natural gas pipeline integrity management efficiency evaluation and prediction: A DEA-Malmquist-ML approach 天然气管道完整性管理效率评价与预测：DEA-Malmquist-ML方法

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102117

Zhangyang Huang , Yang Yang , Xin Lu , Zurui Wang , Youlin Li , Shiji Wang , Xiangyu Yang

Evaluating Natural Gas Pipeline Integrity Management (NGPIM) efficiency is essential for ensuring pipeline performance and continuous improvement. Traditional evaluation methods typically concentrate on assessing historical efficiencies at the enterprise level of operators and are unable to forecast future efficiency. This study proposes a DEA–Malmquist–ML model to evaluate and predict NGPIM efficiency across 42 U.S. states. From 2010 to 2023, 18 states recorded average annual static efficiency above 1, showing an “eastern high, western low” spatial pattern, while 37 states exhibited dynamic efficiency above 1, mainly driven by technological progress and scale efficiency change. Overall, U.S. NGPIM efficiency remains high and shows a gradual upward trend. Panel Tobit regression identifies factors influencing static and dynamic efficiency. The proposed SACBi-LSTM model—integrating Convolutional neural network, bi-directional long and short-term memory network, and sparse attention—achieves 90 % average accuracy across 11 indicators, with prediction errors for 33 states within 0.1, confirming strong model adaptability. This regional efficiency evaluation and forecasting framework supports evidence-based policymaking and rational resource allocation.

评估天然气管道完整性管理（NGPIM）效率对于确保管道性能和持续改进至关重要。传统的评估方法通常侧重于评估运营商在企业层面的历史效率，而无法预测未来的效率。本研究提出了DEA-Malmquist-ML模型来评估和预测美国42个州的NGPIM效率。2010 - 2023年，18个州年均静态效率高于1，呈现“东高西低”的空间格局；37个州年均动态效率高于1，主要受技术进步和规模效率变化驱动。总体而言，美国的NGPIM效率仍然很高，并呈现逐步上升的趋势。面板Tobit回归识别影响静态和动态效率的因素。所提出的SACBi-LSTM模型集成了卷积神经网络、双向长短期记忆网络和稀疏注意力，在11个指标上的平均准确率达到90%，对33个状态的预测误差在0.1以内，证实了较强的模型适应性。该区域效率评价与预测框架支持循证决策和资源合理配置。

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引用次数: 0

Every drop counts: a systematic literature review on the role of tariffs in sustainable water supply services 每一滴水都很重要：关于关税在可持续供水服务中的作用的系统文献综述

IF 4.4 3区经济学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Utilities Policy

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102112

Malia Mohamed , Nor Hamisham Harun , Amar Hisham Jaaffar , Nor Diana Mohd Idris

The sustainability of water supply represents a critical global challenge. A pivotal factor in addressing this challenge is the implementation of water tariffs, which function as an indispensable mechanism for securing the long-term availability of this invaluable resource. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the essential dimensions that underpin effective tariff design across diverse sectors remains conspicuously absent, thereby impeding the formulation of effective policy development. This study aims to bridge the gap by conducting a systematic literature review that identifies and analyzes the fundamental dimensions of water tariffs from a supply-side sustainability perspective, as articulated in contemporary literature spanning domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors across various countries and regions. These insights have the potential to enhance the supply-side approach to water management. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline and a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), we scrutinized 16 studies. Through thematic analysis, we discerned six key interconnected dimensions of water tariffs: affordability, efficiency, financial sustainability, regulatory framework, conservation incentives, and the sustainability of water resources, which were further delineated into 11 sub-themes. The originality of this study resides in articulating these supply-side conceptual dimensions, synthesizing disparate themes into a cohesive framework, and illuminating critical trade-offs, particularly between affordability and financial sustainability. This study serves as a vital reference for policymakers and water utilities, providing an evidence-based tool for devising multi-objective water pricing strategies that are effective in managing demand and ensuring the long-term security of the water supply.

供水的可持续性是一项重大的全球挑战。应对这一挑战的一个关键因素是实施水费，这是确保这一宝贵资源长期供应的不可或缺的机制。然而，对支撑跨不同部门有效关税设计的基本维度的全面综合仍然明显缺乏，从而阻碍了有效政策制定的制定。本研究旨在通过进行系统的文献综述，从供应方可持续性的角度确定和分析水费的基本维度，弥合这一差距，正如当代文献中所阐述的那样，涵盖了各个国家和地区的国内、工业和农业部门。这些见解有可能加强水管理的供应方方法。采用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南和混合方法评估工具（MMAT），我们仔细审查了16项研究。通过专题分析，我们发现了水费的六个相互关联的关键维度：可负担性、效率、财务可持续性、监管框架、保护激励和水资源可持续性，并进一步划分为11个子主题。这项研究的独创性在于阐明了这些供给方面的概念维度，将不同的主题综合到一个有凝聚力的框架中，并阐明了关键的权衡，特别是在可负担性和财务可持续性之间。该研究为政策制定者和水务公司提供了重要参考，为制定有效管理需求和确保供水长期安全的多目标水价策略提供了基于证据的工具。

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引用次数: 0