Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.104
N. Lapava
The aim is to study the variability of the content of Bidens cernua herb biologically active substances in the storage process. The content of biologically active substances (polysaccharides and flavonoids) in Bidens cernua herb during storage for two years was monitored every 3 months for two series: series A simulated the storage of medicinal plant raw materials prior to their use in industrial production, series B completely repeated the most frequently used packaging for herbal medicines. Additionally, the content of the dominant flavonoids quercitrin and luteolin-O-7-glucoside, as well as the product of its hydrolysis, luteolin, was assessed annually by liquid chromatography. It has been established that a decrease in the polysaccharides content by no more than 5% in series A was observed within 9 months, in series B - within 12 months. After 24 months of storage, the polysaccharides content in Bidens cernua herb was higher in series B. A decrease in the content of the sum of flavonoids by no more than 5% was observed within 6 months for both series. After 24 months, the content of the sum of flavonoids, as well as quercitrin and luteolin-O-7-glucoside, was higher in series A. Thus, the choice of the optimal packaging for storing Bidens cernua herb will be determined by the requirement for the quality of medicinal plant raw materials in terms of the content of biologically active substances, which, in its turn, will determine the expected pharmacological activity of this type of medicinal plant material.
目的是研究蛇耳草药材生物活性物质在贮藏过程中含量的变化规律。本研究分两个系列，每隔3个月监测一次长叶仙子药材在贮存2年期间的生物活性物质(多糖和黄酮类物质)含量:A系列模拟药用植物原料在工业生产前的贮存，B系列完全重复药材最常用的包装。此外，每年通过液相色谱法对优势类黄酮槲皮苷和木犀草素- o -7-葡萄糖苷及其水解产物木犀草素的含量进行评估。结果表明，a系列在9个月内多糖含量下降不超过5%，B系列在12个月内多糖含量下降不超过5%。贮藏24个月后，b系列菟丝子多糖含量较高，6个月内，两系列菟丝子总黄酮含量下降幅度均不超过5%。经过24个月后，a系列中黄酮类化合物、槲皮素和木犀草素- o -7-葡萄糖苷的总含量较高，因此药用植物原料对生物活性物质含量的要求决定了药用植物原料的最佳包装选择，进而决定了该类药用植物原料的预期药理活性。
{"title":"VARIABILITY OF THE CONTENT OF BIDENS CERNUA HERB BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE STORAGE PROCESS","authors":"N. Lapava","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.104","url":null,"abstract":"The aim is to study the variability of the content of Bidens cernua herb biologically active substances in the storage process. The content of biologically active substances (polysaccharides and flavonoids) in Bidens cernua herb during storage for two years was monitored every 3 months for two series: series A simulated the storage of medicinal plant raw materials prior to their use in industrial production, series B completely repeated the most frequently used packaging for herbal medicines. Additionally, the content of the dominant flavonoids quercitrin and luteolin-O-7-glucoside, as well as the product of its hydrolysis, luteolin, was assessed annually by liquid chromatography. It has been established that a decrease in the polysaccharides content by no more than 5% in series A was observed within 9 months, in series B - within 12 months. After 24 months of storage, the polysaccharides content in Bidens cernua herb was higher in series B. A decrease in the content of the sum of flavonoids by no more than 5% was observed within 6 months for both series. After 24 months, the content of the sum of flavonoids, as well as quercitrin and luteolin-O-7-glucoside, was higher in series A. Thus, the choice of the optimal packaging for storing Bidens cernua herb will be determined by the requirement for the quality of medicinal plant raw materials in terms of the content of biologically active substances, which, in its turn, will determine the expected pharmacological activity of this type of medicinal plant material.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80307041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.58
V. Rozhin, N. Chueshova, E. Nadyrov, S. Kirilenko, M. V. Matveyenkau, V. Nikolaev
Objectives. To compare the survival rate of «bone chip» cells and native transplant automixture by evaluating the architectonics of cell membranes. Material and methods. Autograft in the form of a native graft automixture obtained using a «bone dust filtering device» and «bone chips» obtained using Kerrison rongeurs in 6 patients operated for degenerative diseases of the spine. The study was carried out using a flow cytometer by assessing the architectonics of cell membranes during the first three days. Results. The study of native transplant automixture and «bone chips» determined the dispersed state of the first graft and the latter, similar in its structure to the whole bone. The spectrograms analysis showed a heterogeneous composition of grafts, and in the case of native transplant automixture, the scatter was more pronounced. The increase in the number of cells during the first three days of the native transplant automixture is probably associated with the elimination of contact inhibition of their proliferation and the release of osteoinductive factors from the bone matrix. The number of necrotic cells was higher in the native transplant automixture, which is due to the rough method of its preparation, however, this number was not statistically significant compared to the number of necrotic cells in the «bone chips». Despite the combined thermal and mechanical impact, the survival of the cell component in both cases made up more than 98.0% without any statistical significance in comparison between the two types of transplants (p>0.05). Conclusions. The high survival rate of the cellular component of both types of autografts indicates that the osteogenic potential does not depend on the method of their preparation.
{"title":"CELL SURVIVAL INVESTIGATION OF TWO TYPES OF AUTOLOGICAL OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIALS IN SPINE FUSION PROCEDURES","authors":"V. Rozhin, N. Chueshova, E. Nadyrov, S. Kirilenko, M. V. Matveyenkau, V. Nikolaev","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.58","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To compare the survival rate of «bone chip» cells and native transplant automixture by evaluating the architectonics of cell membranes. Material and methods. Autograft in the form of a native graft automixture obtained using a «bone dust filtering device» and «bone chips» obtained using Kerrison rongeurs in 6 patients operated for degenerative diseases of the spine. The study was carried out using a flow cytometer by assessing the architectonics of cell membranes during the first three days. Results. The study of native transplant automixture and «bone chips» determined the dispersed state of the first graft and the latter, similar in its structure to the whole bone. The spectrograms analysis showed a heterogeneous composition of grafts, and in the case of native transplant automixture, the scatter was more pronounced. The increase in the number of cells during the first three days of the native transplant automixture is probably associated with the elimination of contact inhibition of their proliferation and the release of osteoinductive factors from the bone matrix. The number of necrotic cells was higher in the native transplant automixture, which is due to the rough method of its preparation, however, this number was not statistically significant compared to the number of necrotic cells in the «bone chips». Despite the combined thermal and mechanical impact, the survival of the cell component in both cases made up more than 98.0% without any statistical significance in comparison between the two types of transplants (p>0.05). Conclusions. The high survival rate of the cellular component of both types of autografts indicates that the osteogenic potential does not depend on the method of their preparation.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77489289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.7
D.V. Alfiorau, A. A. Kirpichenka
This review article is an attempt to generalize and systematize the knowledge on the issues of affective disorders accompanied by the acts of aggression in the context of alcohol addiction. Achieving this goal required the consistent implementation of a number of tasks, and namely, a theoretical review of the material accumulated in recent years within the framework of the topic under study, its subsequent analysis and meaningful generalization. The methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis of the obtained material were used in the given work. The indicated topic of the review seems to be relevant due to the fact that, in modern psychiatry, narcology and related specialties, much attention is currently paid to aggressiveness as a stable personality trait to show aggression in all its forms. The reason for such close attention to aggressiveness is high probability of lethality in people of working age due to aggressive or autoaggressive actions. As living standards, well-being, and, subsequently, health care system improve, people are less likely to die of urgent pathology, most diseases respond to treatment and do not lead to sudden death of a patient. The situation is different with external causes of death, the lion’s share of them being caused precisely by aggressive actions in their various forms. The latter in one way or another are often interconnected with alcoholization of an individual: acts of aggression are either provoked by alcohol intoxication, or may result from an already formed dependence syndrome. The special features of the development, clinical pattern and treatment of affective disorders in alcohol dependence syndrome, accompanied by aggression and autoaggression have been considered in the present paper. As a result of the review, the main concepts of the development of affective disorders accompanied by the acts of aggressive behavior in the alcohol dependence syndrome have been identified; the main mechanisms of the occurrence of aggression in alcohol-dependent patients have been indicated; the key points of pharmacotherapy influence have been determined, and namely, the use of normotimic drugs, the most rational of which, in terms of the effectiveness-adverse reactions ratio, are oxcarbazepine and topiramate, as well as the use of drugs of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) group, as the most relevant when choosing antidepressant therapy for alcohol-dependent patients. The effectiveness of the long-term therapy with disulfiram has been determined in cases of ensuring compliance control. The relevance of the proper use of lithium salts in the treatment of this group of patients has been designated.
{"title":"THE CLINIC AND TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION IN PATIENTS WITH AGGRESSIVE AND AUTOAGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR (LITERATURE REVIEW)","authors":"D.V. Alfiorau, A. A. Kirpichenka","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This review article is an attempt to generalize and systematize the knowledge on the issues of affective disorders accompanied by the acts of aggression in the context of alcohol addiction. Achieving this goal required the consistent implementation of a number of tasks, and namely, a theoretical review of the material accumulated in recent years within the framework of the topic under study, its subsequent analysis and meaningful generalization. The methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis of the obtained material were used in the given work. The indicated topic of the review seems to be relevant due to the fact that, in modern psychiatry, narcology and related specialties, much attention is currently paid to aggressiveness as a stable personality trait to show aggression in all its forms. The reason for such close attention to aggressiveness is high probability of lethality in people of working age due to aggressive or autoaggressive actions. As living standards, well-being, and, subsequently, health care system improve, people are less likely to die of urgent pathology, most diseases respond to treatment and do not lead to sudden death of a patient. The situation is different with external causes of death, the lion’s share of them being caused precisely by aggressive actions in their various forms. The latter in one way or another are often interconnected with alcoholization of an individual: acts of aggression are either provoked by alcohol intoxication, or may result from an already formed dependence syndrome. The special features of the development, clinical pattern and treatment of affective disorders in alcohol dependence syndrome, accompanied by aggression and autoaggression have been considered in the present paper. As a result of the review, the main concepts of the development of affective disorders accompanied by the acts of aggressive behavior in the alcohol dependence syndrome have been identified; the main mechanisms of the occurrence of aggression in alcohol-dependent patients have been indicated; the key points of pharmacotherapy influence have been determined, and namely, the use of normotimic drugs, the most rational of which, in terms of the effectiveness-adverse reactions ratio, are oxcarbazepine and topiramate, as well as the use of drugs of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) group, as the most relevant when choosing antidepressant therapy for alcohol-dependent patients. The effectiveness of the long-term therapy with disulfiram has been determined in cases of ensuring compliance control. The relevance of the proper use of lithium salts in the treatment of this group of patients has been designated.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76574416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.42
A. Prudnikov, A. Shchupakova
In patients with various forms of coronary heart disease (effort angina pectoris of tension II functional class (EAP II FC), myocardial infarction (MI)) an imbalance of immunological reactivity was revealed compared to practically healthy individuals, which was manifested by the increasing of the IL-6 concentration, IL-8, IgA, BAPNA-amidase activity, B-lymphocytes count, circulating immune complexes (CIC) and the decreasing of T-lymphocytes count, IgM and IgG concentration. It was also found that in patients with MI and EAP II FC, atherosclerosis was not limited to only one vascular region, lesions of the extracranial sections of the cerebral arteries, abdominal part of the aorta, arteries of the lower extremities were also recorded. The lesion of extracranial cerebral arteries in patients with EAP II FC was accompanied by the increase of neutrophil elastase activity, the number of СIC and the decrease of IgM concentration, IL-4, B-lymphocytes count, and in patients with MI it was accompanied by the increase of T-lymphocytes count and the decrease of B-lymphocytes count. When the abdominal aorta was affected, patients with EAP II FC had increased T-lymphocytes count, neutrophils and decreased IgM concentration, and patients with MI had increased T-lymphocytes count. The lesion of the lower extremities arteries in patients with EAP II FC was accompanied by the increase of T-lymphocytes count, sVCAM-1 adhesion molecules, the decrease of IgM concentration, BAPNA-amidase activity, and in patients with MI it was accompanied by the increasing of monocytes count, concentration of sVCAM-1 molecules and the decreasing of IL-6 concentration. At the same time, the development of multifocal atherosclerotic lesion (MFA) of peripheral arteries was accompanied only by the decrease of IgM concentration in patients with EAP II FC. The lesion of the anterior interventricular artery in patients with EAP II FC was combined with the increase of sVCAM-1 molecules concentration, and in patients with MI it was combined with the increase of IgG concentration and the decrease of IL-10 concentration. The lesion of the circumflex artery in patients with EAP II FC was combined with the increase of CIC concentration, TNF-α, and in patients with MI it was combined with increased IL-6 concentration. The lesion of the right coronary artery was not accompanied by any significant change in the immune system indicators in the studied groups of patients.
{"title":"SPECIAL FEATURES OF CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS","authors":"A. Prudnikov, A. Shchupakova","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"In patients with various forms of coronary heart disease (effort angina pectoris of tension II functional class (EAP II FC), myocardial infarction (MI)) an imbalance of immunological reactivity was revealed compared to practically healthy individuals, which was manifested by the increasing of the IL-6 concentration, IL-8, IgA, BAPNA-amidase activity, B-lymphocytes count, circulating immune complexes (CIC) and the decreasing of T-lymphocytes count, IgM and IgG concentration. It was also found that in patients with MI and EAP II FC, atherosclerosis was not limited to only one vascular region, lesions of the extracranial sections of the cerebral arteries, abdominal part of the aorta, arteries of the lower extremities were also recorded. The lesion of extracranial cerebral arteries in patients with EAP II FC was accompanied by the increase of neutrophil elastase activity, the number of СIC and the decrease of IgM concentration, IL-4, B-lymphocytes count, and in patients with MI it was accompanied by the increase of T-lymphocytes count and the decrease of B-lymphocytes count. When the abdominal aorta was affected, patients with EAP II FC had increased T-lymphocytes count, neutrophils and decreased IgM concentration, and patients with MI had increased T-lymphocytes count. The lesion of the lower extremities arteries in patients with EAP II FC was accompanied by the increase of T-lymphocytes count, sVCAM-1 adhesion molecules, the decrease of IgM concentration, BAPNA-amidase activity, and in patients with MI it was accompanied by the increasing of monocytes count, concentration of sVCAM-1 molecules and the decreasing of IL-6 concentration. At the same time, the development of multifocal atherosclerotic lesion (MFA) of peripheral arteries was accompanied only by the decrease of IgM concentration in patients with EAP II FC. The lesion of the anterior interventricular artery in patients with EAP II FC was combined with the increase of sVCAM-1 molecules concentration, and in patients with MI it was combined with the increase of IgG concentration and the decrease of IL-10 concentration. The lesion of the circumflex artery in patients with EAP II FC was combined with the increase of CIC concentration, TNF-α, and in patients with MI it was combined with increased IL-6 concentration. The lesion of the right coronary artery was not accompanied by any significant change in the immune system indicators in the studied groups of patients.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91310134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.31
E. Husakouskaya, N. Maksimovich
Objectives. To study the effects of isolated and combined administration of L-arginine and aminoguanidine in acute experimental peritonitis. Material and methods. Experiments were conducted on white male rats (n=185), divided into 5equal series, which were injected intraperitoneally, 0,6ml/100g: the 1st series (control) - 0.9%NaCl, the 2nd (experimental peritonitis, EP) - the 5th series - 15% fecal suspension, with intramuscular injection to rats of the 3rd series with: substrate of NO-synthase (NOS) - L-arginine, L-Arg (300mg/kg), 4thseries - inhibitor of inducible NOS - aminoguanidine, AG (15 mg/kg), the 5th series - L-Arg and AG in analogous doses. The signs of intoxication syndrome, changes in leukocyte differential count and peritoneal fluid, the severity of prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance, lesions of vascular endothelium and structural changes in the peritoneum were studied. Results. The research of the EP course in rats with combined administration of L-Arg and AG revealed in the presence of more significant corrective effect, in comparison with the results in EP with their isolated use, showing up in the increase of motor activity and muscular strength, normalization of breathing and thermoregulation, decrease in the severity of leukocytosis and nuclear shift of the leukogram to the left, increase in the phagocytic activity, decline in the concentration of nitrite/nitrates and malondialdehyde, increased level of reduced glutathione, decrease in the quantity of circulating endothelial cells in blood and structural disorders in peritoneum. Conclusions. The most pronounced corrective effect of combined administration of the NOS-substrate, L-Arg, and the inhibitor of its inducible isoform, AG, in rats with EP may result from the suppression of excessive NO production by AG, as well as the maintenance of the constitutive NOS-activity and various metabolic pathways in the course of L-Arg administration.
目标。目的:观察左旋精氨酸和氨基胍单独或联合给药治疗急性实验性腹膜炎的疗效。材料和方法。实验以白种雄性大鼠(185只)为实验对象，分为5个等量组，分别腹腔注射0.06 ml/100g:第1组(对照组)- 0.9%NaCl，第2组(实验性腹膜炎，EP) -第5组- 15%粪便悬浮液，第3组肌肉注射no -合成酶(NOS)底物- l -精氨酸，l -精氨酸(300mg/kg)，第4组-诱导型NOS抑制剂-氨基胍，AG (15mg /kg)，第5组- l -精氨酸和AG(类似剂量)。观察中毒综合征的体征、白细胞差异计数和腹膜液的变化、促氧化-抗氧化失衡的严重程度、血管内皮的病变和腹膜结构的改变。结果。与单用EP相比，l -精氨酸和AG联用EP对大鼠EP病程的研究显示，其纠正作用更为显著，表现为运动活动和肌肉力量增加，呼吸和体温调节正常化，白细胞增生严重程度降低，白细胞图核向左移动，吞噬活性增加，亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐和丙二醛浓度下降，还原型谷胱甘肽水平升高，血液循环内皮细胞数量减少，腹膜结构紊乱。结论。nos底物L-Arg及其诱导异构体抑制剂AG联合给药对EP大鼠最显著的纠正作用可能是由于AG抑制过量NO的产生，以及在给药过程中维持nos的组成活性和各种代谢途径。
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF ISOLATED AND COMBINED ADMINISTRATION OF L-ARGININE AND AMINOGUANIDINE IN ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS","authors":"E. Husakouskaya, N. Maksimovich","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To study the effects of isolated and combined administration of L-arginine and aminoguanidine in acute experimental peritonitis. Material and methods. Experiments were conducted on white male rats (n=185), divided into 5equal series, which were injected intraperitoneally, 0,6ml/100g: the 1st series (control) - 0.9%NaCl, the 2nd (experimental peritonitis, EP) - the 5th series - 15% fecal suspension, with intramuscular injection to rats of the 3rd series with: substrate of NO-synthase (NOS) - L-arginine, L-Arg (300mg/kg), 4thseries - inhibitor of inducible NOS - aminoguanidine, AG (15 mg/kg), the 5th series - L-Arg and AG in analogous doses. The signs of intoxication syndrome, changes in leukocyte differential count and peritoneal fluid, the severity of prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance, lesions of vascular endothelium and structural changes in the peritoneum were studied. Results. The research of the EP course in rats with combined administration of L-Arg and AG revealed in the presence of more significant corrective effect, in comparison with the results in EP with their isolated use, showing up in the increase of motor activity and muscular strength, normalization of breathing and thermoregulation, decrease in the severity of leukocytosis and nuclear shift of the leukogram to the left, increase in the phagocytic activity, decline in the concentration of nitrite/nitrates and malondialdehyde, increased level of reduced glutathione, decrease in the quantity of circulating endothelial cells in blood and structural disorders in peritoneum. Conclusions. The most pronounced corrective effect of combined administration of the NOS-substrate, L-Arg, and the inhibitor of its inducible isoform, AG, in rats with EP may result from the suppression of excessive NO production by AG, as well as the maintenance of the constitutive NOS-activity and various metabolic pathways in the course of L-Arg administration.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"445 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79664981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.77
A. Dziarkach, N. Aliakhnovich
Objectives. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the prick-test and the levels of tryptase, cations K+, NH4+ and Ca2+, peroxidase activity in the oral fluid (OF) as biomarkers of apple allergy and to comparatively assess them. Material and methods. We examined 35 patients with a history of allergic reactions to a fresh apple (the study group) and 29 healthy persons (the control group). All participants underwent the prick-test with 3 varieties of fresh apples and oral-pharyngeal provocative test (OPPT) with freshly prepared apple juice with the assessment of tryptase, peroxidase activity, K+, NH4+ and Ca2+ cations levels in the OF. Results. The prick-test was positive in 94% of patients. In 70% of patients after OPPT, there was a significant tryptase level increase in the OF compared with healthy persons (p=0.000003). After provocation, in the study group, in 74% of cases, a significant peroxidase activity level increase in the OF was revealed in comparison with the control group (p<0.0000001). A significant K+ level increase in the oral fluid was found in 81% of patients, in contrast to healthy persons after OPPT (p=0.02). In 67% of cases in the study group, a significant NH4+ level decrease after OPPT was found in comparison with the initial cation level in this group (p=0.039). Patients with a history of apple allergy after provocation showed a higher Ca2+ cations level in the OF than the control (p=0.02). Conclusions. Biomarkers of hypersensitivity to apples of the varieties Golden Delicious, Red Prince and Belarusian sweet were revealed: positive prick-test, an increase of tryptase, myeloperoxidase activity, K+ cations and a decrease of NH4+ level after OPPT. Biomarkers have a high diagnostic value and can be used both in combination and separately to identify systemic and local hypersensitivity and to diagnose food allergy to apples.
{"title":"EFFECTIVE BIOMARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF APPLE ALLERGY AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT","authors":"A. Dziarkach, N. Aliakhnovich","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.77","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the prick-test and the levels of tryptase, cations K+, NH4+ and Ca2+, peroxidase activity in the oral fluid (OF) as biomarkers of apple allergy and to comparatively assess them. Material and methods. We examined 35 patients with a history of allergic reactions to a fresh apple (the study group) and 29 healthy persons (the control group). All participants underwent the prick-test with 3 varieties of fresh apples and oral-pharyngeal provocative test (OPPT) with freshly prepared apple juice with the assessment of tryptase, peroxidase activity, K+, NH4+ and Ca2+ cations levels in the OF. Results. The prick-test was positive in 94% of patients. In 70% of patients after OPPT, there was a significant tryptase level increase in the OF compared with healthy persons (p=0.000003). After provocation, in the study group, in 74% of cases, a significant peroxidase activity level increase in the OF was revealed in comparison with the control group (p<0.0000001). A significant K+ level increase in the oral fluid was found in 81% of patients, in contrast to healthy persons after OPPT (p=0.02). In 67% of cases in the study group, a significant NH4+ level decrease after OPPT was found in comparison with the initial cation level in this group (p=0.039). Patients with a history of apple allergy after provocation showed a higher Ca2+ cations level in the OF than the control (p=0.02). Conclusions. Biomarkers of hypersensitivity to apples of the varieties Golden Delicious, Red Prince and Belarusian sweet were revealed: positive prick-test, an increase of tryptase, myeloperoxidase activity, K+ cations and a decrease of NH4+ level after OPPT. Biomarkers have a high diagnostic value and can be used both in combination and separately to identify systemic and local hypersensitivity and to diagnose food allergy to apples.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74970129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.43
L. A. Derzhavets, S. Krasny, T. Letkovskaya, A. Karman, D. Maksimov, V.A. Bakunovich, E.I. Vanzindo, S. Shimanets
The existing standard methods for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) have reached their limit in the detection of early forms of the disease. Fairly recently a new promising modality of transrectal ultrasound (US) has appeared - shear wave elastography (SWE), allowing to approach the solution of this problem. Objectives. To increase the effectiveness of early diagnosis of PCa by evaluating the data of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transrectal US with SWE (US-SWE) and systematic biopsy, supplemented by the target stage. Material and methods. The material for the study was 186 patients with suspected PCa who underwent the following diagnostic measures: determination of the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) isoforms with the calculation of calculated values, multiparametric MRI, transrectal US-SWE, biopsy (n=164) with separate labeling (t=126) and histological examination. Results. Improved reporting system and terminology for data evaluation of transrectal US-SWE with final assessment categories of PCa possibility is presented. A new algorithm for early diagnosis of PCa using ultrasound elastography has been proposed. The incidence of PCa in the group of patients to whom the new diagnostic method [n=126] was applied made up 78/126 (61.9%), out of them GG (grade group of the International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP]) ≥ 2 was in 39/126 (31.0%), which is better compared to the standard approach. Transrectal US-SWE allowed to identify additionally 13/78 (16.7%) PCa foci in the study group of 126 (10.3%) patients in whom PCa was not visualized on multiparametric MRI, of which GG ≥2 was in 6/13 (46.2%). PCa lesions revealed on transrectal US-SWE were localized mainly in the posterior zones (11/13 [84.6%]). Conclusions. The developed method of early diagnosis of PCa by means of ultrasound SWE is effective and suitable for applying in clinical practice.
现有的诊断前列腺癌(PCa)的标准方法在检测疾病的早期形式方面已经达到了极限。最近出现了一种新的有前途的经直肠超声(US)模式-横波弹性成像(SWE)，允许接近解决这个问题。目标。通过评估多参数磁共振成像(MRI)、经直肠超声伴SWE (US-SWE)和系统活检数据，并辅以目标分期，提高前列腺癌早期诊断的有效性。材料和方法。本研究的材料是186例疑似PCa患者，他们接受了以下诊断措施:测定前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)亚型水平并计算计算值，多参数MRI，经直肠US-SWE，活检(n=164)并单独标记(t=126)和组织学检查。结果。提出了经直肠US-SWE数据评估的改进报告系统和术语，并给出了PCa可能性的最终评估类别。提出了一种基于超声弹性成像的前列腺癌早期诊断新算法。新诊断方法[n=126]组PCa发生率为78/126(61.9%)，其中GG (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP]分级组)≥2的发生率为39/126(31.0%)，优于标准方法。经直肠US-SWE允许在126例(10.3%)PCa未在多参数MRI上显示的患者中额外识别13/78(16.7%)个PCa病灶，其中GG≥2的患者占6/13(46.2%)。经直肠US-SWE显示的PCa病变主要局限于后区(11/13[84.6%])。结论。建立的超声超声超声早期诊断前列腺癌的方法是有效的，适合于临床应用。
{"title":"EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER WITH THE USE OF ULTRASOUND SHEAR WAVE ELASTOGRAPHY","authors":"L. A. Derzhavets, S. Krasny, T. Letkovskaya, A. Karman, D. Maksimov, V.A. Bakunovich, E.I. Vanzindo, S. Shimanets","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.43","url":null,"abstract":"The existing standard methods for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) have reached their limit in the detection of early forms of the disease. Fairly recently a new promising modality of transrectal ultrasound (US) has appeared - shear wave elastography (SWE), allowing to approach the solution of this problem. Objectives. To increase the effectiveness of early diagnosis of PCa by evaluating the data of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transrectal US with SWE (US-SWE) and systematic biopsy, supplemented by the target stage. Material and methods. The material for the study was 186 patients with suspected PCa who underwent the following diagnostic measures: determination of the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) isoforms with the calculation of calculated values, multiparametric MRI, transrectal US-SWE, biopsy (n=164) with separate labeling (t=126) and histological examination. Results. Improved reporting system and terminology for data evaluation of transrectal US-SWE with final assessment categories of PCa possibility is presented. A new algorithm for early diagnosis of PCa using ultrasound elastography has been proposed. The incidence of PCa in the group of patients to whom the new diagnostic method [n=126] was applied made up 78/126 (61.9%), out of them GG (grade group of the International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP]) ≥ 2 was in 39/126 (31.0%), which is better compared to the standard approach. Transrectal US-SWE allowed to identify additionally 13/78 (16.7%) PCa foci in the study group of 126 (10.3%) patients in whom PCa was not visualized on multiparametric MRI, of which GG ≥2 was in 6/13 (46.2%). PCa lesions revealed on transrectal US-SWE were localized mainly in the posterior zones (11/13 [84.6%]). Conclusions. The developed method of early diagnosis of PCa by means of ultrasound SWE is effective and suitable for applying in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88884169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.7
A. Lipnitski, A. Marochkov, G. Karpelev, V. Lipnitskaya
Currently, the need for the administration of corticosteroids to restore the normal adrenal function in patients with brain death (BD) in order to condition the functional systems before organ harvesting remains unclear. Objectives. To analyze the level of cortisol in potential donors with brain death before harvesting their organs and tissues for transplantation. Material and methods. A prospective pilot study included 60 patients with brain death. The average age of a patient with brain death was 53.5 (48.5; 58.5) years, males - 32 (53.3%) years, females - 28 (46.7%) years. The causes of brain death were: intracerebral hemorrhage - in 30 (50%) patients, traumatic brain injury - in 10 (16.7%) patients, subarachnoid hemorrhage - in 7 (11.7%) patients, cerebral infarction - in 13 (21.6%) patients. The level of cortisol in the blood was determined by the method of radioimmune assay using a set of reagents UP «PP IBC NAS of Belarus» ( Minsk, Republic of Belarus). Results. The cortisol level in patients with BD was 422.8 (216.7; 687.1) nmol/L. The level of cortisol was lower than the reference values in 11 (18.3%) patients with BD, and higher - in 12 (20%) patients. There were no differences between the groups in terms of cortisol level in the following parameters: arterial blood pressure, heart rate, frequency of vasopressors use, dose of vasopressors, time from the patient’s admission to the moment of BD diagnosis, time of observation of a potential donor between two examinations of the council, the number of organs being harvested for transplantation. Conclusions. In potential donors with brain death with low cortisol level, the indices of arterial blood pressure and the doses of injected vasopressors did not statistically significantly differ from those in donors with normal and elevated cortisol level.
目前，尚不清楚是否需要使用皮质类固醇来恢复脑死亡(BD)患者的正常肾上腺功能，以便在器官摘取前调节功能系统。目标。分析脑死亡潜在供体在获取用于移植的器官和组织之前的皮质醇水平。材料和方法。一项前瞻性试点研究包括60名脑死亡患者。脑死亡患者的平均年龄为53.5岁(48.5岁;58.5)岁，男性32岁(53.3%)，女性28岁(46.7%)。脑死亡原因为:脑出血30例(50%)，外伤性脑损伤10例(16.7%)，蛛网膜下腔出血7例(11.7%)，脑梗死13例(21.6%)。血液中的皮质醇水平采用放射免疫测定方法，使用一套试剂UP“PP IBC NAS of Belarus”(白俄罗斯共和国明斯克)。结果。BD患者的皮质醇水平为422.8 (216.7;687.1 nmol / L。11例(18.3%)BD患者皮质醇水平低于参考值，12例(20%)患者皮质醇水平高于参考值。在以下参数方面，两组之间的皮质醇水平没有差异:动脉血压、心率、血管加压剂使用频率、血管加压剂剂量、从患者入院到诊断为双相障碍的时间、两次检查之间观察潜在供体的时间、用于移植的器官数量。结论。在低皮质醇水平的脑死亡潜在供体中，动脉血压指数和注射血管加压剂剂量与皮质醇水平正常和升高的供体无统计学差异。
{"title":"CORTISOL LEVEL IN POTENTIAL ORGAN DONORS","authors":"A. Lipnitski, A. Marochkov, G. Karpelev, V. Lipnitskaya","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.7","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the need for the administration of corticosteroids to restore the normal adrenal function in patients with brain death (BD) in order to condition the functional systems before organ harvesting remains unclear. Objectives. To analyze the level of cortisol in potential donors with brain death before harvesting their organs and tissues for transplantation. Material and methods. A prospective pilot study included 60 patients with brain death. The average age of a patient with brain death was 53.5 (48.5; 58.5) years, males - 32 (53.3%) years, females - 28 (46.7%) years. The causes of brain death were: intracerebral hemorrhage - in 30 (50%) patients, traumatic brain injury - in 10 (16.7%) patients, subarachnoid hemorrhage - in 7 (11.7%) patients, cerebral infarction - in 13 (21.6%) patients. The level of cortisol in the blood was determined by the method of radioimmune assay using a set of reagents UP «PP IBC NAS of Belarus» ( Minsk, Republic of Belarus). Results. The cortisol level in patients with BD was 422.8 (216.7; 687.1) nmol/L. The level of cortisol was lower than the reference values in 11 (18.3%) patients with BD, and higher - in 12 (20%) patients. There were no differences between the groups in terms of cortisol level in the following parameters: arterial blood pressure, heart rate, frequency of vasopressors use, dose of vasopressors, time from the patient’s admission to the moment of BD diagnosis, time of observation of a potential donor between two examinations of the council, the number of organs being harvested for transplantation. Conclusions. In potential donors with brain death with low cortisol level, the indices of arterial blood pressure and the doses of injected vasopressors did not statistically significantly differ from those in donors with normal and elevated cortisol level.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88674277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.110
A. L. Tserkovsky, O. I. Gapova, E. A. Skorikova, S. A. Petrovich, O. A. Kasyan, V. Muzhichenko
Objectives. To study the communicative tolerance (CT) of the medical faculty students of VSMU and to analyze its gender differences and dynamic characteristics. Material and methods. We examined 616 students of the medical faculty. These included the second-year students - 386 persons (117 boys and 269 girls), as well as the sixth-year students - 230 subjects (46 boys and 184 girls). The study of communicative tolerance was carried out using the methodology of V.V. Boyko «Diagnosing communicative tolerance». Results. The students demonstrated the predominance of the average level of the scale indicators and the degree of tolerance, which is considered to be optimal. The dynamics of the indicators of the levels of the scales and the degree of tolerance indicates a decrease in the quality of CT in the process of studying at VSMU. The identified patterns are most typical for young men. Conclusions. The revealed general, gender and dynamic features of CT of the second- and the sixth-year students prove the need to form within the framework of the educational process, the communicative competence of future doctors, an important component of which is CT. The increase in CT can be ensured through the qualitative mastering of such academic disciplines as «Biomedical ethics and communication in health care» (the first year of studies) and «Professional communication in medicine» (the sixth year of studies) by medical students.
{"title":"FEATURES OF COMMUNICATIVE TOLERANCE OF VSMU MEDICAL STUDENTS","authors":"A. L. Tserkovsky, O. I. Gapova, E. A. Skorikova, S. A. Petrovich, O. A. Kasyan, V. Muzhichenko","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.110","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To study the communicative tolerance (CT) of the medical faculty students of VSMU and to analyze its gender differences and dynamic characteristics. Material and methods. We examined 616 students of the medical faculty. These included the second-year students - 386 persons (117 boys and 269 girls), as well as the sixth-year students - 230 subjects (46 boys and 184 girls). The study of communicative tolerance was carried out using the methodology of V.V. Boyko «Diagnosing communicative tolerance». Results. The students demonstrated the predominance of the average level of the scale indicators and the degree of tolerance, which is considered to be optimal. The dynamics of the indicators of the levels of the scales and the degree of tolerance indicates a decrease in the quality of CT in the process of studying at VSMU. The identified patterns are most typical for young men. Conclusions. The revealed general, gender and dynamic features of CT of the second- and the sixth-year students prove the need to form within the framework of the educational process, the communicative competence of future doctors, an important component of which is CT. The increase in CT can be ensured through the qualitative mastering of such academic disciplines as «Biomedical ethics and communication in health care» (the first year of studies) and «Professional communication in medicine» (the sixth year of studies) by medical students.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75998103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.23
I. A. Kondratovich, V. Andreev, R. Kravchuk, I. E. Gulyai, S. Shalesnaya, V. Tsyrkunov
Perisinusoidal lipocytes, which store retinol and its derivatives in their lipid droplets, play a leading role in the development of liver fibrosis (LF). Objectives. To assess the effect of retinol on the development of thioacetamide (TAA) -induced LF in rats. Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on 48 male rats, represented by 6 groups. A 10 ml/kg TAA solution (2%) was administered intraperitoneally every other day. A retinol oil solution (800 IU/kg) in sunflower oil was given once a day. Two control groups received saline solution (1) and sunflower oil (2). Light and electron microscopy of the obtained semi- and ultrathin sections of the liver tissue was performed, the relative content of the connective tissue in the liver preparations was morphometrically evaluated, the content of retinol in blood plasma and the liver was determined. Results. Morphological studies of the control animals liver revealed the presence of a typical beam structure. 4 weeks after daily administration of retinol, the beam structure of the liver persisted, but lymphohistiocytic infiltration of portal tracts and disseminated intralobular infiltration were noted; there were inflammatory foci with a large number of cellular elements; the amount of the connective tissue significantly increased. After 4 weeks of TAA administration, a pronounced inflammatory reaction was observed in the central vein region, with the penetration into the lobe, the degree of fibrosis increased with the formation of thin incomplete septs. 4-week administration of retinol after 4-week TAA exposure led to increased fibrotic processes in the liver compared to animals treated with TAA alone. 8-week administration of TAA with 4-week administration of retinol resulted in 14-fold increase in the degree of fibrosis compared to control animals. Conclusions. The application of retinol in the used experimental dose stimulates the fibrosis process in rats’ liver.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF RETINOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIOACETAMIDE-INDUCED FIBROSIS IN RATS","authors":"I. A. Kondratovich, V. Andreev, R. Kravchuk, I. E. Gulyai, S. Shalesnaya, V. Tsyrkunov","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.23","url":null,"abstract":"Perisinusoidal lipocytes, which store retinol and its derivatives in their lipid droplets, play a leading role in the development of liver fibrosis (LF). Objectives. To assess the effect of retinol on the development of thioacetamide (TAA) -induced LF in rats. Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on 48 male rats, represented by 6 groups. A 10 ml/kg TAA solution (2%) was administered intraperitoneally every other day. A retinol oil solution (800 IU/kg) in sunflower oil was given once a day. Two control groups received saline solution (1) and sunflower oil (2). Light and electron microscopy of the obtained semi- and ultrathin sections of the liver tissue was performed, the relative content of the connective tissue in the liver preparations was morphometrically evaluated, the content of retinol in blood plasma and the liver was determined. Results. Morphological studies of the control animals liver revealed the presence of a typical beam structure. 4 weeks after daily administration of retinol, the beam structure of the liver persisted, but lymphohistiocytic infiltration of portal tracts and disseminated intralobular infiltration were noted; there were inflammatory foci with a large number of cellular elements; the amount of the connective tissue significantly increased. After 4 weeks of TAA administration, a pronounced inflammatory reaction was observed in the central vein region, with the penetration into the lobe, the degree of fibrosis increased with the formation of thin incomplete septs. 4-week administration of retinol after 4-week TAA exposure led to increased fibrotic processes in the liver compared to animals treated with TAA alone. 8-week administration of TAA with 4-week administration of retinol resulted in 14-fold increase in the degree of fibrosis compared to control animals. Conclusions. The application of retinol in the used experimental dose stimulates the fibrosis process in rats’ liver.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86918141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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