Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.85
V.A. Haliuchenka, I. Zhyltsou, Y.I. Skreblo, G. P. Adamenko, Y.I. Kaliadka
The aim of this article is to assess the possibilities of improving the quality of teaching a clinical discipline in English by developing an educational and methodological complex (EMC) for the 6th-year students of the Overseas Students Training Faculty in the discipline «Evidence-Based and Personalized Medicine. Evidence base for diagnosing and treatment of COVID-19». The theoretical and practical aspects of the teaching materials development for the methodological support of the educational process in English are discussesed in this article. «Evidence-Based and Personalized Medicine» is a new discipline taught at the university. The authors of the article have presented their original experience in creating a system of scientific and methodological support, taking into account the lack of a standardized approach to the development of teaching materials for the clinical discipline in English. The relevance of studying the issues of evidence-based and personalized medicine, including those related to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a new coronavirus infection, is determined by the modern needs of the healthcare system and medical education. The article defines the place of the discipline in the system of clinical disciplines taught in English, presents the main structural components and content of EMC. The authors have proposed to apply problem-based learning technology elements using the case-study method while conducting practical classes (including on-line ones), and they have also determined the role of MCQ in the knowledge control system.
{"title":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX IN THE DISCIPLINE «EVIDENCE-BASED AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE. EVIDENCE BASE FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATMENT OF СOVID-19» (IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE) FOR THE STUDENTS OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY","authors":"V.A. Haliuchenka, I. Zhyltsou, Y.I. Skreblo, G. P. Adamenko, Y.I. Kaliadka","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.85","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to assess the possibilities of improving the quality of teaching a clinical discipline in English by developing an educational and methodological complex (EMC) for the 6th-year students of the Overseas Students Training Faculty in the discipline «Evidence-Based and Personalized Medicine. Evidence base for diagnosing and treatment of COVID-19». The theoretical and practical aspects of the teaching materials development for the methodological support of the educational process in English are discussesed in this article. «Evidence-Based and Personalized Medicine» is a new discipline taught at the university. The authors of the article have presented their original experience in creating a system of scientific and methodological support, taking into account the lack of a standardized approach to the development of teaching materials for the clinical discipline in English. The relevance of studying the issues of evidence-based and personalized medicine, including those related to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a new coronavirus infection, is determined by the modern needs of the healthcare system and medical education. The article defines the place of the discipline in the system of clinical disciplines taught in English, presents the main structural components and content of EMC. The authors have proposed to apply problem-based learning technology elements using the case-study method while conducting practical classes (including on-line ones), and they have also determined the role of MCQ in the knowledge control system.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76360881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.15
S. E. Rzheussky
When writing this review, published data on the history of use, mechanism of action and the effectiveness of application of silver nanoparticles and preparations based on them in clinical practice were summarized and compared. This metal has been used in medical practice since ancient times, but statistical data on its effectiveness were obtained only at the end of the 19th century. Since then, it has become widely spread in the form of colloidal solutions, salts, and, in recent decades, nanoparticles. The interest to silver preparations is especially pronounced in connection with the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Ions and nanoparticles attach to their cell wall, disrupt its functioning, destroy it, penetrate into the cell, where they bind to phosphorus and sulfur-containing molecules. Possessing such a non-specific mechanism of action, silver nanoparticles have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial and antifungal activity. According to the materials of the Cochrane Library, it can be concluded that silver nanoparticles possess clinically proven efficacy when used in surgery, dentistry, for manufacturing medical products that are used in surgery or transplantology.
{"title":"SILVER NANOPARTICLES IN MEDICINE","authors":"S. E. Rzheussky","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"When writing this review, published data on the history of use, mechanism of action and the effectiveness of application of silver nanoparticles and preparations based on them in clinical practice were summarized and compared. This metal has been used in medical practice since ancient times, but statistical data on its effectiveness were obtained only at the end of the 19th century. Since then, it has become widely spread in the form of colloidal solutions, salts, and, in recent decades, nanoparticles. The interest to silver preparations is especially pronounced in connection with the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Ions and nanoparticles attach to their cell wall, disrupt its functioning, destroy it, penetrate into the cell, where they bind to phosphorus and sulfur-containing molecules. Possessing such a non-specific mechanism of action, silver nanoparticles have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial and antifungal activity. According to the materials of the Cochrane Library, it can be concluded that silver nanoparticles possess clinically proven efficacy when used in surgery, dentistry, for manufacturing medical products that are used in surgery or transplantology.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83138352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.70
T. Tserakhava, I. Pohodenko-Chudakova, N. Nijiati, O. Yudina
Objectives. To carry out a comparative assessment of the results of morphometric study of infectious and inflammatory focus and the density of vessels of the microcirculatory bed at different periods of laser radiation application in the postoperative treatment for experimental periostitis of the jaws. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 56 rabbits. 54 of them had simulated acute purulent periostitis (APP) of the lower jaw. All the animals were divided into the following series. Series 1 - 12 rabbits which, after the creation of the APP model, were treated with laser therapy on the 1st, the 3rd and the 5th days after surgery. Series 2 - 16 rabbits which underwent laser therapy treatment on the 3rd, the 5th and the 7th days after surgery. Series 3 (control) - 26 rabbits which were not treated after the creation of the APP model. Series 4 - 2 animals whose jaw fragments were taken as a standard. Results. In all series 1 micropreparations, after completing the experiment the changes can be characterized as minimally residual inflammatory ones. Complex treatment of periostitis, including laser treatment, applied from the first day of the postoperative period, is effective for relieving infectious inflammation and creating optimal conditions for tissue regeneration. Conclusions. Despite the similarity of the schemes of complex postoperative treatment for experimental periostitis using the effect of laser on the focus of inflammation in series 1 and 2, it has been found that its positive influence is due to a greater degree of complementarity when used as early as possible after surgery.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS OF MORPHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION AT DIFFERENT PERIODS OF LASER THERAPY INTEGRATION INTO COMPLEX TREATMENT FOR EXPERIMENTAL PERIOSTITIS","authors":"T. Tserakhava, I. Pohodenko-Chudakova, N. Nijiati, O. Yudina","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.70","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To carry out a comparative assessment of the results of morphometric study of infectious and inflammatory focus and the density of vessels of the microcirculatory bed at different periods of laser radiation application in the postoperative treatment for experimental periostitis of the jaws. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 56 rabbits. 54 of them had simulated acute purulent periostitis (APP) of the lower jaw. All the animals were divided into the following series. Series 1 - 12 rabbits which, after the creation of the APP model, were treated with laser therapy on the 1st, the 3rd and the 5th days after surgery. Series 2 - 16 rabbits which underwent laser therapy treatment on the 3rd, the 5th and the 7th days after surgery. Series 3 (control) - 26 rabbits which were not treated after the creation of the APP model. Series 4 - 2 animals whose jaw fragments were taken as a standard. Results. In all series 1 micropreparations, after completing the experiment the changes can be characterized as minimally residual inflammatory ones. Complex treatment of periostitis, including laser treatment, applied from the first day of the postoperative period, is effective for relieving infectious inflammation and creating optimal conditions for tissue regeneration. Conclusions. Despite the similarity of the schemes of complex postoperative treatment for experimental periostitis using the effect of laser on the focus of inflammation in series 1 and 2, it has been found that its positive influence is due to a greater degree of complementarity when used as early as possible after surgery.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82138719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.63
A. A. Gavrilik
Introduction. To solve the problem of assessing the current state of foreign citizens’ trust in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors, it is proposed to use the index of confidence in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of the indices of generalized trust in Belarusian doctors (three types), the values of which are calculated based on the values of two indicators: the indicator of generalized trust and the indicator of the measure of personal trust. Objectives.To introduce a new method of assessing the trust in Belarusian doctors among foreign patients. Material and methods. Using the principles of sociology of medicine, an approach has been developed to mathematically assess the level of trust of foreign consumers of medical services in Belarusian doctors, the system was introduced in 2021 into the work of a number of healthcare organizations in Grodno region (healthcare institution «Grodno University Clinic», healthcare institution «Grodno City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care», healthcare institution «Ostrovets Central District Clinical Hospital»). The sample consisted of 297 English-speaking foreigners: 184 (61.95%) women and 113 (38.05%) men. Every third foreigner - 34.24% of women {27.77; 41.35}% and 30.97% of men {23.19;40.01}% - had already an experience of receiving medical care in countries other than Belarus and the country of their residence. The Microsoft Excel 2010 program, the Statistica 10 software package, serial number AXAR207F394425FA-Q were used to process and present the results. Results. The method includes a sociological survey followed by the calculation of the index of trust in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of generalized trust indices (three types). The indices of generalized trust in three characteristics - experience, professionalism, ethics - differ, trust in the professionalism of Belarusian doctors prevails (p<0.01), the general index of trust of foreign citizens in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors makes up 40.4%, which corresponds to the average level of trust. Conclusions. The results indicate a sufficient level of trust in Belarusian doctors on the part of foreign patients. Vectors for increasing trust are represented by the aspects of expanding the experience of doctors working with English-speaking patients and issues of ethics and communication in healthcare.
{"title":"THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS AND INDICES OF FOREIGN CITIZENS’ CONFIDENCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF BELARUSIAN DOCTORS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF GRODNO REGION)","authors":"A. A. Gavrilik","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.2.63","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. To solve the problem of assessing the current state of foreign citizens’ trust in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors, it is proposed to use the index of confidence in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of the indices of generalized trust in Belarusian doctors (three types), the values of which are calculated based on the values of two indicators: the indicator of generalized trust and the indicator of the measure of personal trust. Objectives.To introduce a new method of assessing the trust in Belarusian doctors among foreign patients. Material and methods. Using the principles of sociology of medicine, an approach has been developed to mathematically assess the level of trust of foreign consumers of medical services in Belarusian doctors, the system was introduced in 2021 into the work of a number of healthcare organizations in Grodno region (healthcare institution «Grodno University Clinic», healthcare institution «Grodno City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care», healthcare institution «Ostrovets Central District Clinical Hospital»). The sample consisted of 297 English-speaking foreigners: 184 (61.95%) women and 113 (38.05%) men. Every third foreigner - 34.24% of women {27.77; 41.35}% and 30.97% of men {23.19;40.01}% - had already an experience of receiving medical care in countries other than Belarus and the country of their residence. The Microsoft Excel 2010 program, the Statistica 10 software package, serial number AXAR207F394425FA-Q were used to process and present the results. Results. The method includes a sociological survey followed by the calculation of the index of trust in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of generalized trust indices (three types). The indices of generalized trust in three characteristics - experience, professionalism, ethics - differ, trust in the professionalism of Belarusian doctors prevails (p<0.01), the general index of trust of foreign citizens in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors makes up 40.4%, which corresponds to the average level of trust. Conclusions. The results indicate a sufficient level of trust in Belarusian doctors on the part of foreign patients. Vectors for increasing trust are represented by the aspects of expanding the experience of doctors working with English-speaking patients and issues of ethics and communication in healthcare.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74534570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.65
I. D. Shlyaga, Z. Kolyadich, S. Ivanov, A. Evmenenko
Objectives. To analyze the main age-specific data of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus during 2000-2019. Material and methods. The age indicators of the incidence were compared for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence in 2000-2004 and 2015-2019. The distribution according to the stages was studied during 2000-2019 for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence, as well as separately for people of working age. Results. The highest incidence was observed in age groups from 55 to 74 years for the entire population both in 2000-2004 and in 2015-2019. The peak incidence was noted in the age groups from 60 to 64 years both in 2015-2019 (23.3 per 100,000) and in 2000-2004 (19.8 per 100,000). The increase of the incidence occurred in the age groups 55 years and older. The largest increase of the incidence was 1.3 in the group of people aged 60-64 years in 2015-2019 compared to 2000-2004. The growth rate was more pronounced among rural residents in comparison with the urban ones. The average age of patients in 2000-2004 was 60.1 years, whereas in 2015-2019 it was 61.2 years. The average proportion of cases of malignant larynx neoplasms diagnosed at stages I-II made up 46% with some regional fluctuations. Conclusions. The age-specific distribution of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus did not undergo any significant changes during 2000-2019. The highest incidence rates were noted in the age groups from 55 to 74 years. An increase of the incidence was noted in people aged 55 and over. The proportion of cases of malignant neoplasms of the larynx of stage III-IV exceeded that of cases of stage I-II throughout the whole study period.
{"title":"THE ANALYSIS OF AGE-SPECIFIC DATA OF THE INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT LARYNX NEOPLASMS IN RESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS","authors":"I. D. Shlyaga, Z. Kolyadich, S. Ivanov, A. Evmenenko","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.65","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To analyze the main age-specific data of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus during 2000-2019. Material and methods. The age indicators of the incidence were compared for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence in 2000-2004 and 2015-2019. The distribution according to the stages was studied during 2000-2019 for the entire population and differentiated by sex and area of residence, as well as separately for people of working age. Results. The highest incidence was observed in age groups from 55 to 74 years for the entire population both in 2000-2004 and in 2015-2019. The peak incidence was noted in the age groups from 60 to 64 years both in 2015-2019 (23.3 per 100,000) and in 2000-2004 (19.8 per 100,000). The increase of the incidence occurred in the age groups 55 years and older. The largest increase of the incidence was 1.3 in the group of people aged 60-64 years in 2015-2019 compared to 2000-2004. The growth rate was more pronounced among rural residents in comparison with the urban ones. The average age of patients in 2000-2004 was 60.1 years, whereas in 2015-2019 it was 61.2 years. The average proportion of cases of malignant larynx neoplasms diagnosed at stages I-II made up 46% with some regional fluctuations. Conclusions. The age-specific distribution of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus did not undergo any significant changes during 2000-2019. The highest incidence rates were noted in the age groups from 55 to 74 years. An increase of the incidence was noted in people aged 55 and over. The proportion of cases of malignant neoplasms of the larynx of stage III-IV exceeded that of cases of stage I-II throughout the whole study period.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"366 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80352951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.110
N.V. Marchenkov, H.A. Khutkina, L.V. Diyachkova
Today, it is of great importance to timely inform health care professionals and patients about the risks associated with the use of medicinal products (MP) in order to minimize the development of undesirable effects of pharmacotherapy. The easiest way to convey this information to the end-user is to make changes in the general characteristics of a medicinal preparation (SmPC) and the instruction for medical use (IFU)/package leaflet (PL). To maintain up-to-date information in the SmPC and IFU/PL, it is necessary to constantly monitor new information on the efficacy and safety of medicinal products. The article presents data on the implementation of routine risk minimization measures associated with the discovery of new and relevant information on safety in relation to MP produced by RUE «Belmedpreparaty» in 2018-2020. At the moment, the company produces a wide range of medicines, therefore, the implementation of constant monitoring of such information for further updating of information about the drug is an important link in the work of the pharmacovigilance department.
{"title":"THE ANALYSIS OF ROUTINE RISK MINIMIZATION MEASURES OF THE USE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY RUE «BELMEDPREPARATY» ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS","authors":"N.V. Marchenkov, H.A. Khutkina, L.V. Diyachkova","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Today, it is of great importance to timely inform health care professionals and patients about the risks associated with the use of medicinal products (MP) in order to minimize the development of undesirable effects of pharmacotherapy. The easiest way to convey this information to the end-user is to make changes in the general characteristics of a medicinal preparation (SmPC) and the instruction for medical use (IFU)/package leaflet (PL). To maintain up-to-date information in the SmPC and IFU/PL, it is necessary to constantly monitor new information on the efficacy and safety of medicinal products. The article presents data on the implementation of routine risk minimization measures associated with the discovery of new and relevant information on safety in relation to MP produced by RUE «Belmedpreparaty» in 2018-2020. At the moment, the company produces a wide range of medicines, therefore, the implementation of constant monitoring of such information for further updating of information about the drug is an important link in the work of the pharmacovigilance department.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79072536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.20
H. Palhuyeva, E. Makarenko, V.V. Lahutchau
The purpose of this work was to analyze literature sources on the diagnosis and treatment of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with the demonstration of our own data. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) is a difficult and rare diagnosis not only for a physician, but also for a rheumatologist. The disease has polymorphic clinical manifestations and can debut with lesions of various organs and systems. Additional difficulties in the diagnosis of the disease are created by ambiguous laboratory research results. CV is often associated with lymphoproliferative diseases such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Viral hepatitis C is the most common underlying cause of CV and makes up approximately 80% of all cases. In case when the etiological factor is not established, the term «idiopathic» or «essential» CV is used. For the diagnosis of CV, classification criteria are proposed, including the results of the questionnaire, clinical manifestations and laboratory research data. The principles of treating patients with CV are determined by the etiopathogenetic mechanisms and the severity of the clinical manifestations of the disease. When the etiological factor of CV development is established, etiotropic therapy is administered. Patients with severe or life-threatening manifestations require urgent intervention to suppress the formation of immune complexes. This is achieved by means of immunosuppressive therapy including glucocorticosteroids, cytostatics, rituximab, and plasmapheresis.
{"title":"CRYOGLOBULINEMIC VASCULITIS: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CLINICAL CASE","authors":"H. Palhuyeva, E. Makarenko, V.V. Lahutchau","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to analyze literature sources on the diagnosis and treatment of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with the demonstration of our own data. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) is a difficult and rare diagnosis not only for a physician, but also for a rheumatologist. The disease has polymorphic clinical manifestations and can debut with lesions of various organs and systems. Additional difficulties in the diagnosis of the disease are created by ambiguous laboratory research results. CV is often associated with lymphoproliferative diseases such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Viral hepatitis C is the most common underlying cause of CV and makes up approximately 80% of all cases. In case when the etiological factor is not established, the term «idiopathic» or «essential» CV is used. For the diagnosis of CV, classification criteria are proposed, including the results of the questionnaire, clinical manifestations and laboratory research data. The principles of treating patients with CV are determined by the etiopathogenetic mechanisms and the severity of the clinical manifestations of the disease. When the etiological factor of CV development is established, etiotropic therapy is administered. Patients with severe or life-threatening manifestations require urgent intervention to suppress the formation of immune complexes. This is achieved by means of immunosuppressive therapy including glucocorticosteroids, cytostatics, rituximab, and plasmapheresis.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77163712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.75
O. M. Zherko, A.N. Mikhaylov, E. I. Shkrebneva
Objectives. To develop an algorithm for determining the remodelling of the heart in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Material and methods. In 2017-2019, on the basis of the Healthcare Institution «1st City Clinical Hospital» in Minsk, a one-stage (cross-sectional) comparative clinical and instrumental study of a stratified random sample consisting of 175 patients aged 71.0 (64.0; 78.0) years was performed. In 2019-2021, the State Institution «Minsk Scientific-Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantation and Hematology» performed an independent reproductive (examination) clinical and instrumental study of a stratified random sample, which included 129 patients aged 64.5 (58.0; 70.0) years. Criteria for inclusion in the study: sinus rhythm; essential arterial hypertension; chronic ischemic heart disease; HFpEF; the presence of voluntary informed consent of the patient to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria: primary mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, mitral valve repair or replacement, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathies, acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Echocardiography and 2D Speckle Tracking were performed using ultrasound devices Siemens Acuson S1000 (Germany), Vivid E9 (GE Healthcare, USA). Results. An algorithm for determining heart remodelling in HFpEF is based on the concept of a comprehensive, targeted echocardiographic assessment of the leading risk factors, pathofunctional mechanisms of the heart failure development, structural, functional abnormalities, intracardiac and pulmonary hemodynamics, contains scientifically based ultrasound signs characterized by high diagnostic efficiency. The application of the 2D Speckle Tracking echocardiography technology in the algorithm is aimed at determining subthreshold systolic ventricular dysfunction, mechanical dispersion and myocardial dyssynergy. Conclusions. The developed algorithm for determining heart remodelling in HFpEF is characterized by reproducibility and high accuracy (93.8%), as has been shown in an independent examination sample, which makes it possible to recommend its practical use in the clinical and instrumental determination of HFpEF.
{"title":"NEW ALGORITHM FOR DETERMINING THE REMODELLING OF THE HEART IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION","authors":"O. M. Zherko, A.N. Mikhaylov, E. I. Shkrebneva","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To develop an algorithm for determining the remodelling of the heart in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Material and methods. In 2017-2019, on the basis of the Healthcare Institution «1st City Clinical Hospital» in Minsk, a one-stage (cross-sectional) comparative clinical and instrumental study of a stratified random sample consisting of 175 patients aged 71.0 (64.0; 78.0) years was performed. In 2019-2021, the State Institution «Minsk Scientific-Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantation and Hematology» performed an independent reproductive (examination) clinical and instrumental study of a stratified random sample, which included 129 patients aged 64.5 (58.0; 70.0) years. Criteria for inclusion in the study: sinus rhythm; essential arterial hypertension; chronic ischemic heart disease; HFpEF; the presence of voluntary informed consent of the patient to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria: primary mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, mitral valve repair or replacement, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathies, acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Echocardiography and 2D Speckle Tracking were performed using ultrasound devices Siemens Acuson S1000 (Germany), Vivid E9 (GE Healthcare, USA). Results. An algorithm for determining heart remodelling in HFpEF is based on the concept of a comprehensive, targeted echocardiographic assessment of the leading risk factors, pathofunctional mechanisms of the heart failure development, structural, functional abnormalities, intracardiac and pulmonary hemodynamics, contains scientifically based ultrasound signs characterized by high diagnostic efficiency. The application of the 2D Speckle Tracking echocardiography technology in the algorithm is aimed at determining subthreshold systolic ventricular dysfunction, mechanical dispersion and myocardial dyssynergy. Conclusions. The developed algorithm for determining heart remodelling in HFpEF is characterized by reproducibility and high accuracy (93.8%), as has been shown in an independent examination sample, which makes it possible to recommend its practical use in the clinical and instrumental determination of HFpEF.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"409 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84876503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.88
E. A. Dikareva, S. Pimanov
Everywhere in clinics of different countries, there is an insufficiently adequate processing of sensors and other elements of ultrasound (US) equipment, and this often happens due to lack of awareness of US diagnostics specialists. The purpose of the given work was to analyze the literature data on the principles of processing US probes. To prevent the transmission of microorganisms, the choice of the probe processing option is regulated by the general rules for disinfection of reusable medical devices in accordance with regulatory documents. US probes that come into contact with intact skin are non-critical devices. Such equipment should be cleaned and processed with the help of low to moderate disinfection. US probes that come into contact with damaged skin, blood, body fluids and mucous membranes are considered to be semi-critical and require high-level disinfection and the use of special disposable coatings. Critical devices include US probes that are used for invasive procedures. Sterilization, if possible, or high-level disinfection are used to clean these probes. Furthermore, the use of special disposable coatings is mandatory when examining patients from the risk group. The best option for choosing a disinfection mode, from the point of view of maintaining the operability of the probe, is the recommendation of the US equipment manufacturer.
{"title":"PROCESSING ULTRASONIC PROBES AT DIFFERENT RISKS OF INFECTION","authors":"E. A. Dikareva, S. Pimanov","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.88","url":null,"abstract":"Everywhere in clinics of different countries, there is an insufficiently adequate processing of sensors and other elements of ultrasound (US) equipment, and this often happens due to lack of awareness of US diagnostics specialists. The purpose of the given work was to analyze the literature data on the principles of processing US probes. To prevent the transmission of microorganisms, the choice of the probe processing option is regulated by the general rules for disinfection of reusable medical devices in accordance with regulatory documents. US probes that come into contact with intact skin are non-critical devices. Such equipment should be cleaned and processed with the help of low to moderate disinfection. US probes that come into contact with damaged skin, blood, body fluids and mucous membranes are considered to be semi-critical and require high-level disinfection and the use of special disposable coatings. Critical devices include US probes that are used for invasive procedures. Sterilization, if possible, or high-level disinfection are used to clean these probes. Furthermore, the use of special disposable coatings is mandatory when examining patients from the risk group. The best option for choosing a disinfection mode, from the point of view of maintaining the operability of the probe, is the recommendation of the US equipment manufacturer.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85680641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.97
A. V. Salmina
The mass media in the modern world play an important role in forming public opinion. Interpretation of the problems associated with the introduction of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the media discourse does not have a single vector. The ambiguity and inconsistency of the judgments of sociologists, economists, doctors, journalists, and the church contribute to the formation of a wary attitude towards the new methods of ART introduction in society. Objectives. To identify the special features of the presentation of assisted reproductive technologies in the materials of news Internet portals of the Republic of Belarus and Russia. Material and methods. The study analyzed the articles on the types of assisted reproductive technologies from three Belarusian (BelTA, Onliner.by, Sputnik.by) and three Russian Internet publications (Rambler, Lenta.ru, RBC). Results. For the period from 08.01.2020 to 08.01.2021, a content analysis of 97 news articles on the topic of ART was carried out. Conclusions. The most popular types of technologies mentioned in the articles are in vitro fertilization, surrogacy and cryopreservation. According to statistical data there are more positive publications that reveal ART issues than negative ones. In vitro fertilization (IVF) gets more loyal coverage on news sites compared to surrogacy. This is due to the fact that in surrogacy, a third party (a surrogate mother) is directly involved in the birth of a child, which violates the so-called «intimate» side of family life.
{"title":"PRESENTATION OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DISCOURSE OF NEWS INTERNET PORTALS","authors":"A. V. Salmina","doi":"10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2022.1.97","url":null,"abstract":"The mass media in the modern world play an important role in forming public opinion. Interpretation of the problems associated with the introduction of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the media discourse does not have a single vector. The ambiguity and inconsistency of the judgments of sociologists, economists, doctors, journalists, and the church contribute to the formation of a wary attitude towards the new methods of ART introduction in society. Objectives. To identify the special features of the presentation of assisted reproductive technologies in the materials of news Internet portals of the Republic of Belarus and Russia. Material and methods. The study analyzed the articles on the types of assisted reproductive technologies from three Belarusian (BelTA, Onliner.by, Sputnik.by) and three Russian Internet publications (Rambler, Lenta.ru, RBC). Results. For the period from 08.01.2020 to 08.01.2021, a content analysis of 97 news articles on the topic of ART was carried out. Conclusions. The most popular types of technologies mentioned in the articles are in vitro fertilization, surrogacy and cryopreservation. According to statistical data there are more positive publications that reveal ART issues than negative ones. In vitro fertilization (IVF) gets more loyal coverage on news sites compared to surrogacy. This is due to the fact that in surrogacy, a third party (a surrogate mother) is directly involved in the birth of a child, which violates the so-called «intimate» side of family life.","PeriodicalId":23571,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University","volume":"31 16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75859213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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