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Limestone calcination optimization of vertical container oven 石灰石垂直容器炉煅烧优化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20150002
A. S. Gutiérrez
Modern science has no basis of positivist epistemological and methodological foundations sufficient for building a comprehensive understanding of the world of man and society. A study of contrasts to the paradigms of science, technology and modern rationality expressed the thoughts of Jürgen Habermas, Herbert Marcuse, Martin Heidegger, Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Boaventura Santos Souza was conducted. We used a dialectic approach to highlight the contradictions and limitations of this paradigm and highlight other paradigms of positivist epistemological basis not carry that enabled the overcoming of knowledge as regulation by knowledge empowerment. It was evident, based on the theories of these authors and arguments of researchers such as Albert Einstein, Ilya Prigogine, Michel Foucault, among others, that modern science has methodological limitations Cartesian basis and fragile epistemological basis when trying to conceive man, world and society while dynamically articulated.
现代科学缺乏充分的实证主义认识论基础和方法论基础来建立对人类和社会世界的全面理解。对哈贝马斯、马尔库塞、海德格尔、阿多诺、霍克海默和索萨等人的科学、技术和现代理性思想范式进行了对比研究。我们用辩证法的方法强调了这一范式的矛盾和局限性,并强调了其他实证主义认识论基础的范式,而不是通过知识授权来克服知识作为调节。很明显,基于这些作者的理论和阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、伊利亚·普里高金、米歇尔·福柯等研究者的论点,现代科学在试图动态地构思人、世界和社会时,存在着方法论上的局限性,笛卡尔式的基础和脆弱的认识论基础。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching System of Integrated Automation of Filling Dosage Wagons for Building Materials 建筑材料配料车灌装综合自动化教学系统
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20150035
I. Benítez-Pina, Michel Sanz-Perez, Jose Rogelio Martin-Escalona
Formal design in Petri nets (PN) model of filling wagons in laboratory process is presented with subsequent translation into programmable logic controllers (PLC) language and a monitoring and data acquisition software (SCADA) to the training facility. Use professional tools to model, verify and validate the proposed automation, where two new steps for proper formation of the PN are added, and programming, communication and monitoring of the implementation. With the implementation of this laboratory facility is has a near real automation system, usable in various undergraduate and postgraduate courses tool. The use of formal modeling, OPC communication and supervisory design allow tuning of the application and is an example to follow in teaching of Automation.
提出了实验室过程中灌装车的Petri网(PN)模型的形式化设计,并将其翻译成可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)语言和用于培训设施的监控和数据采集软件(SCADA)。使用专业工具对建议的自动化进行建模、验证和验证,其中增加了正确形成PN的两个新步骤,以及对实施的编程、通信和监控。随着该实验室设施的实施,它具有一个接近真实的自动化系统,可用于各种本科和研究生课程的工具。采用形式化建模、OPC通信和监控设计,实现了应用程序的可调性,是自动化教学的范例。
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引用次数: 0
Work out optimization in the induced electromagnetic field calculation due to a lightning stroke 对雷击感应电磁场的计算进行了优化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20170075
J. A. Gutiérrez-Robles, V. Ortiz-Muro, O. Aguilar-Peña, M. A. Villalobos-Castro, S. A. Vargas-Sanchez
In the electromagnetic field work out, due to indirect lightning discharge, the consumption of computational resources is essentially in the numerical integration of the Maxwell equations. These equations are solved in each discretized point for each time step because the work out of the field involves the inverse of the distance that’s powered by 2, 3, 4 and 5; additiona lly its depends on the wave incident angle, which varies point by point, so it is impossible to interpolate, in a traditional way, intermediate data to optimize the calculus. It is proposed here the implementation of a parabolic space interpolation to reduce the computational needed resources; the compromise is the electromagnetic field calculation in the minimum time limiting the error to 0.2%. It is looking for the optimum points, methodologically, to implement this interpolation by checking the results against the obtained ones without the omission of any point, so it is considered that this strategy is a good option in the electromagnetic field optimum calculation
在电磁场计算中,由于间接雷击放电,计算资源的消耗主要体现在对麦克斯韦方程组的数值积分上。这些方程在每个时间步长的离散点上求解因为场外的功涉及到距离的倒数它由2 3 4 5次方;此外,它取决于波的入射角,而入射角随点而变化,因此无法用传统的方法插入中间数据来优化计算。本文提出了一种抛物线空间插值的实现方法,以减少计算资源;折衷方案是电磁场计算在最小时间内将误差限制在0.2%。通过对插值结果的检验,在不遗漏任何点的情况下,从方法上寻找最优点来实现该插值,因此认为该策略在电磁场优化计算中是一种很好的选择
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引用次数: 0
Attainment of structural lightweight concrete by adding expanded vermiculite addition 添加膨胀蛭石添加剂实现混凝土结构轻量化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20180080
Wandenilton Silva de Matos, Jorge Luiz Melo de Freitas, Daniel Damião Almeida de Almeida, A. Mendes
Concrete's consumption increases all over the world with each passing day, and that has led to the development of new materials such as structural lightweight concrete SLC. The advantages of using this material is that since it is light, there is not so much need to spend a lot of income with structure foundations, transport and even lifting of precast concrete units. To obtain SLC the use of some light aggregate is needed, like exfoliated vermiculite. It is known that if concrete's self-weight is reduced, its mechanic resistance is also reduced. The present work was to analyze the influence of the addition of vermiculite in different amounts on a high performance concrete mix, observing if with the addition it would be possible to obtain high performance lightweight concrete. The experimental analysis included the study of compressive strength, diametric compression traction, efficiency factor and specific mass in the hardened state. Two specimens were molded and tested at ages of 7 and 28 days.
世界各地的混凝土消耗量日益增加,这导致了结构轻质混凝土SLC等新材料的发展。使用这种材料的优点是,由于它很轻,所以不需要花费大量的收入用于结构基础,运输甚至预制混凝土单元的吊装。为了获得SLC,需要使用一些轻骨料,如去角质蛭石。众所周知,如果混凝土的自重减少,其机械阻力也会降低。本文的工作是分析添加不同量的蛭石对高性能混凝土配合比的影响,观察添加蛭石是否有可能获得高性能轻质混凝土。试验分析包括硬化状态下的抗压强度、直径压缩牵引力、效率系数和比质量的研究。分别在7日龄和28日龄进行模制试验。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis and pressure material selection for vessels that complies with the safety conditions of service within a hidrotatamento unit (HDT) in a refinery 符合炼油厂调湿装置(HDT)安全使用条件的容器的分析和压力材料选择
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20160025
Aline Raquel Vieira Nunes, A. E. Guedes, Daniel Lago Mousinho, Antônio Adalberto Cavalcante Moreira Filho, S. B. S. Neto, Tirso Lorenzo Reyes Carvajal
Oil refineries are one of the industries most important to the functioning of the country that generate end products from oil received from production fields. The different locations in the refinery where occur the refining processes are the process units, also called refining or processing units. Each of these units comprises a set of equipment responsible for a refining step. The hydrotreating catalyst is a hydrogenation process which is currently operated at the refineries with a performance degradation of about 90% of compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen from the liquid fractions of petroleum distillates. Refinery pressure vessels are not only the most important features of most process industries, as well as usually the larger items, weight and unit costs, representing on average 60% of the total cost of materials and unit equipment process. This paper aims to describe the procedures for correct analysis and selection of materials to be used in pressure vessels, which meets with security service conditions within a unit at the refinery, taking into account the mechanical properties of materials, corrosion resistance, welding, obtaining facilities manufacturing and the expected useful life, based on the ASME code, the PETROBRAS and ASTM standards.
炼油厂是对国家运作最重要的行业之一,从生产油田收到的石油中产生最终产品。炼油厂中进行精炼过程的不同位置称为过程单元,也称为精炼或处理单元。这些装置中的每一个都包括一套负责精炼步骤的设备。加氢处理催化剂是目前炼油厂操作的一种加氢工艺,其性能降低约90%来自石油馏分液中的硫、氮和氧化合物。炼油厂压力容器不仅是大多数过程工业最重要的特征,而且通常是较大的项目,重量和单位成本,平均占材料和单位设备过程总成本的60%。本文旨在根据ASME规范、PETROBRAS和ASTM标准,在考虑材料的力学性能、耐腐蚀性、焊接、获得设备制造和预期使用寿命的情况下,描述正确分析和选择用于满足炼油厂某装置安全使用条件的压力容器材料的程序。
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引用次数: 0
Material Requirement Planning Using the Economic Order Quantity Model: An Application in a Perfumery and Cosmetics Company 基于经济订货量模型的物料需求计划:在某香水化妆品公司的应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20180046
Henrique Leodoro Paiva, M. Gonçalves, Viviane Cristhyane Bini Conte, P. F. Vieira, R. Sampaio
Due to increasing competition and customers Requirement, in general the business decisions involve Questions related to cost reduction and optimization in Production planning. In this context, it will be approach The model - Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Use of this Model is already common in various cases, however, in Most, this method is not incorporated into the material Requirement planning (MRP). The article aims to analyze The feasibility of reducing associated costs with Modeling the problem by applying the EOQ concepts in MRP in a company of perfumery and cosmetics, in order to Compare the results between the current batch policy with the policy based in eoq model. For it, it was extracted the demand and costs information from the corporate Management system (ERP) of the organization. The Application of EOQ found the optimum amount of orders, which was proposed in both cases, the first considering the optimum value calculated and the second suggesting adaptations in order quantities. As a result, it was possible to reduce total costs comparing to the method practiced By the company.
由于竞争和客户需求的增加,通常业务决策涉及到与生产计划中的成本降低和优化相关的问题。在这种情况下,它将接近模型-经济订单数量(EOQ)。这个模型的使用在各种情况下已经很普遍了,然而,在大多数情况下,这个方法没有被合并到物料需求计划(MRP)中。本文将EOQ概念应用于某香水化妆品公司的MRP中,通过建模来分析降低相关成本的可行性,并将当前的批策略与基于EOQ模型的批策略的结果进行比较。为此,从组织的企业管理系统(ERP)中提取需求和成本信息。EOQ的应用找到了最优订货量,在两种情况下都提出了最优订货量,前者考虑计算出的最优值,后者考虑订货量的适应性。因此,与公司采用的方法相比,有可能降低总成本。
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引用次数: 0
AUTOMATION OF A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR RESIDENCES 住宅供水系统的自动化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20170037
Leandro da Mota Farias, Rafael S. Silva
Water scarcity is increasingly haunting the world, and the outlook for the next few years is not enough for everyone to drink, thanks to the pollution and waste that grows every year for a population growing more and more on the globe. Water scarcity is not the only problem we face. In Brazil, the country with the largest freshwater reserve in the world, another major problem is the supply of water in the cities, in several regions the population faces an inefficient supply system, which presents faults in the water course the residence. The present work proposes an improvement in the residential water supply system that uses hydraulic pumps, automating the process of feeding the reservoirs of the residential, developing an autonomous system allowing the user to have control of the supply process in their property. The importance of the work is made by the difficulty encountered by residents of regions that suffer from the irregular water supply in their homes. The work was based on an experimental research, starting from a bibliographical research in several literatures as academic papers, researches and articles, focused on the study on water supply, hydraulic systems and automation. The studies were based on a residence in the northern part of Manaus/Amazonas, where there are irregularities in the water supply in this region, causing residents to use hydraulic systems to supply their residential reservoirs. In addition, a prototype for better observation of the automated operation of the small-scale supply process was developed for the study to perform better. Through an existing hydraulic system in the house, the automation process was carried out by the elaboration of an electrical system with the function of activating the pump through an Arduino® and for indicate the sensors responsible for the level of water in the reservoirs. A simple and practical monitoring system was developed based on an electrical principle and a hydraulic system. After the tests carried out, the model proposed in this work showed a simple and functional hydraulic supply system, facilitating for the user the monitoring of the water supply operation for the residence, the project was elaborated using elements already existing in the residence in order to reduce costs for the user, an autonomous system was implanted in the water supply process of the residence, thus enabling practicality in the activation of the hydraulic pump and the monitoring of levels in the reservoirs of the residence.
水资源短缺正日益困扰着世界,由于全球人口日益增长,每年都会产生污染和浪费,未来几年的前景不足以让每个人都能饮用。水资源短缺并不是我们面临的唯一问题。在巴西这个世界上淡水储量最大的国家,另一个主要问题是城市的供水,在一些地区,人口面临着低效的供水系统,这在供水过程中出现了故障。目前的工作提出了对使用液压泵的住宅供水系统的改进,使住宅水库的供水过程自动化,开发一个自主系统,允许用户控制其财产的供水过程。这项工作的重要性体现在那些家中供水不正常的地区的居民所遇到的困难上。本工作以实验研究为基础,从参考文献研究入手,作为学术论文、研究和文章,重点研究供水、液压系统及其自动化。这些研究是基于马瑙斯/亚马逊北部的一个住宅,该地区的供水不规范,导致居民使用水力系统为住宅水库供水。此外,为了更好地观察小规模供应过程的自动化操作,开发了一个原型,以便更好地进行研究。通过房子里现有的液压系统,自动化过程是通过一个电气系统来实现的,该系统具有通过Arduino®激活泵的功能,并指示负责水库水位的传感器。基于电气原理和液压系统,设计了一套简单实用的监测系统。经过测试,本工作中提出的模型展示了一个简单而功能齐全的液压供应系统,便于用户监控住宅的供水运行,为了降低用户的成本,该项目利用住宅中已有的元素进行了详细阐述,在住宅的供水过程中植入了一个自主系统。从而使激活液压泵和监测住宅水库水位的实用性成为可能。
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引用次数: 2
Modern Diagnostic Methods in Power Transformers, Based on Dielectric Polarization 基于介电极化的电力变压器现代诊断方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20170081
Wilder Herrera Portilla, Guillermo Aponte Mayor, J. Burgos, B. García
El transformador de potencia es uno de los elementos más costosos del sistema de potencia, siendo generalmente muy confiable, con una vida útil de 20 a 35 años, que puede extenderse hasta unos 60 años con un mantenimiento apropiado [1]. Actualmente un alto porcentaje de los transformadores instalados en los sistemas eléctricos, se encuentra en una etapa de envejecimiento avanzada, por lo que se hace necesario conocer su condición a través de pruebas de diagnostico y programas de mantenimiento, para detectar situaciones de riesgo o de limitación de uso, que podrían llevar a tomar acciones para prevenir la ocurrencia de fallas graves, con las consiguientes interrupciones del servicio, o programar acciones que permitan prolongar la vida del transformador (tales como secados). Uno de los elementos que determinan la vida útil remanente del transformador es su aislamiento, el cual se divide en aislamiento líquido (generalmente aceite) y aislamiento solido (papel). Durante su funcionamiento, los transformadores están sometidos a condiciones que deterioran su aislamiento, las cuales se originan generalmente por alta temperatura y presencia humedad, que combinadas con esfuerzos eléctricos y mecánicos aceleran el proceso de degradación. La degradación del aislamiento es por lo tanto una preocupación muy importante para las empresas que operan los transformadores. En años recientes han aparecido nuevos métodos de diagnostico, que basados en los cambios de la respuesta dieléctrica del aislamiento permiten estimar de manera indirecta su contenido de humedad y brindan información de la degradación de sus componentes. Los métodos de diagnostico que se presentan, basados en la respuesta dieléctrica, son de dos tipos: En el dominio del tempo:
电力变压器是电力系统中最昂贵的元件之一,通常非常可靠,使用寿命为20 - 35年,如果适当维护[1],可延长至60年左右。目前很高比例的变压器安装在电动系统、先进的正处于老龄化阶段,因此需要了解他的条件通过diagnostico检测和维修方案,查明危险处境或限制使用,可能导致采取行动,以防止发生严重故障,造成中断的服务,o计划延长变压器寿命的行动(如干燥)。决定变压器剩余寿命的因素之一是它的绝缘,它分为液体绝缘(通常是油)和固体绝缘(纸)。在运行过程中,变压器的绝缘条件会恶化,这通常是由于高温和湿度的存在,再加上电气和机械应力加速了降解过程。因此,绝缘退化是经营变压器的公司非常关心的问题。近年来出现了新的诊断方法,基于绝缘介电响应的变化,可以间接估计其水分含量,并提供其组件降解的信息。基于介电响应,提出了两种诊断方法:在时域:
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引用次数: 0
Virtual voice command assistant: Help for people with motor disabilities in the interaction with IoT objects of their residence 虚拟语音命令助手:帮助运动障碍人士与其住所的物联网对象进行交互
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20180051
J. Lira, W. S. Andrade, Tayana Jessie Suwa Mesquita de Souza, Bruno Gonçalves, M. S. Santos
With technological advances, it is possible to provide the disabled with quality of life through virtual assistants. Where these people can perform certain tasks by voice command. The objective is to develop a virtual assistant, in addition to establishing its ability to communicate with Internet products of things (IoT), developed in this work. With the results obtained, it was possible to verify the interaction efficiency of maria assistant with the developed products (J30 and W18). Communication occurred in real time from the voice command or touch the screen to change the state of the target object. Thus, it is concluded that maria assistant presented good results with reduced costs, being able to be an alternative in relation to the great companies of the branch of technology of virtual attendances and equipment of Internet of the things.
随着技术的进步,通过虚拟助手为残疾人提供高质量的生活成为可能。这些人可以通过语音命令来完成某些任务。目标是开发一个虚拟助手,除了建立其与本工作开发的物联网产品(IoT)通信的能力之外。根据所得结果,可以验证maria助剂与所开发产品(J30和W18)的相互作用效率。通过语音命令或触摸屏幕来改变目标对象的状态,实时发生通信。由此得出结论,maria assistant以较低的成本取得了良好的效果,能够成为虚拟考勤和物联网设备技术分支的大公司的替代方案。
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引用次数: 0
Projeto multicritério de filtros harmônicos passivos para instalações industriais utilizando técnicas de computação evolucionária 采用进化计算技术的工业装置无源谐波滤波器的多准则设计
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20150027
J. C. Leite, Ignacio Pérez Abril, M. S. S. Azevedo, Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento, Nadime Mustafa Moraes, Ana Maria Reis
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Engineering and Technology for Industrial Applications
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