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The emergency architecture - Reuse and recycle material after disasters 应急体系结构——灾后物资的再利用和再循环
Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.5935/jetia.v6i26.688
Zaid.M Al-Zrigat
These research papers aim to explain the methods and joints of design based on the principles of emergency architecture, which focus on its concepts on reusing and recycling local materials after natural or man-made disasters and crises. In a systematic design framework that is limited by many obstacles, such as the shortage and limited availability of low-cost materials, and the lack of local labor experience. To reduce the negative impacts of disasters in developing and displaced countries, we must highlight the importance of alternative materials that can be regenerated (straw and bamboo), recycled materials, Reused materials, semi-finished materials (earth and clay materials).
这些研究论文旨在解释基于应急建筑原则的设计方法和结合点,重点是其在自然或人为灾害和危机后对当地材料的再利用和回收的概念。在一个系统的设计框架中,受到许多障碍的限制,例如低成本材料的短缺和有限的可用性,以及缺乏当地的劳动力经验。为了减少灾害对发展中国家和流离失所国家的负面影响,我们必须强调可再生替代材料(稻草和竹子)、回收材料、再利用材料、半成品材料(泥土和粘土材料)的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Potential of seed oil of hildegardia barteri (MAST.) Kosterm for biodiesel production 石斛籽油的开发潜力Kosterm生产生物柴油
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.5935/jetia.v6i26.707
A. Adeniyi, A. Oluwadare
This study analysed seed oil of H. barteri as a source of biofuel. Mature fruits of H. barteri were collected from two mother trees and dehulled, oven and sun-dried and milled. Mechanical extractor and solvent extraction (N-Hexane) was used to obtain oil and analysed for presence of C, H, O, S, N, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Co; physicochemical properties, calorific value. Oil yields ranged from 23.15-30.53% for mechanical and solvent methods. Specific gravity, cloud point, conradson carbon, acid value and iodine values ranged from 0.83-0.85, 7.4-8.30C, 0.16-0.27%, 31.85-33.95 mgKOH and 57.3-61.8 respectively while C, O, H, N and S contents were generally higher in oil obtained by mechanical extraction. The Pb level was least (0.007%) in solvent extracted oil and highest (0.023%) in sun-dried mechanically extracted oil. Iodine values of solvent and mechanically extracted samples were 61.85 and 58.6 respectively. Calorific value of sun-dried solvent extracted oil was slightly higher (36,140kj/kg) than the oven-dried (35,690kj/kg). Results obtained showed promising indication that the seed oil of Hildegardia barteri could be used for production of biodiesel.
本研究分析了作为生物燃料来源的巴氏螺旋藻种子油。从两棵母树上采集成熟的巴氏木果实,去皮、烘干、晒干和碾磨。采用机械萃取和溶剂萃取(正己烷)得到油,并分析了C、H、O、S、N、Pb、Cd、Ni和Co的存在;物理化学性质,热值。机械法和溶剂法的油收率为23.15 ~ 30.53%。机械提油的比重、浊点、康拉松碳、酸值和碘值分别为0.83-0.85、7.4-8.30C、0.16-0.27%、31.85-33.95 mgKOH和57.3-61.8,而C、O、H、N和S含量普遍较高。溶剂浸提油中铅含量最低(0.007%),晒干机械浸提油中铅含量最高(0.023%)。溶剂法和机械法提取样品的碘值分别为61.85和58.6。太阳干燥溶剂萃取油的热值(36140 kj/kg)略高于烘箱干燥油(35690 kj/kg)。结果表明,该种子油可用于生物柴油的生产。
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引用次数: 1
Behavior of biomaterials in relation to the conservation time and temperature: stability test of a bioproduct 生物材料与保存时间和温度的关系:生物制品的稳定性试验
Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.5935/jetia.v6i25.702
Joab de Souza Arouche
All products before reaching the consumer's table go through a battery of analyzes, in order to check if these materials resist the weather, temperature, climate changes, friction, including transportation. Whether they really support physical, chemical and biological factors and also with the idea of estimating the useful life of these materials. Biomaterials are no different, all bioproducts are also subjected to resistance tests to reach industry, or long-term production. Among the numerous possibilities that exist for the application of biomaterials, recently the bioactive ones encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles of controlled action stand out with their several alternatives of application, among them as natural insecticides, aiming at the reduction of conventional pesticides, including fungicides, used in the activation and controlled release of the drug.Thus, this research aims to develop a formulation and verify its behavior as a function of time and temperature (25 °C), as well as the application of different preservatives. , [phenoxyethanol-2-methyl-2H-isothiazolin-3-one-NE), citric acid and thymol] in order to verify its influence on the stability of the formulations as a function of time. Among all tested formulations, the one containing the preservative NE was the only one approved in all parameters.
所有产品在到达消费者的桌子之前都要经过电池分析,以检查这些材料是否能抵抗天气、温度、气候变化、摩擦,包括运输。它们是否真的支持物理,化学和生物因素以及估计这些材料的使用寿命的想法。生物材料也不例外,所有生物制品也都要经过抗性测试才能进入工业生产,或长期生产。在生物材料应用的众多可能性中,最近被包裹在具有控制作用的聚合纳米颗粒中的生物活性材料因其几种替代应用而脱颖而出,其中包括作为天然杀虫剂,旨在减少用于药物激活和控制释放的传统杀虫剂,包括杀菌剂。因此,本研究旨在开发一种配方并验证其作为时间和温度(25°C)的函数的行为,以及不同防腐剂的应用。,[苯氧乙醇-2-甲基- 2h -异噻唑啉-3- 1 - ne],柠檬酸和百里香酚],以验证其对配方稳定性的影响作为时间的函数。在所有测试的配方中,含有防腐剂NE的配方是唯一一个在所有参数中都被批准的配方。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic mapping approach to support administration quantitative research 支持行政定量研究的系统制图方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.5935/jetia.v6i24.681
Sanderson de Paula Barbosa, F. Nonato, André Luiz de Castro Leal, M. Fortes
This paper explores guidelines for the execution of quantitative research on a specific topic. Using a systematic mapping, as explained here, it is possible to obtain large numbers of scientific publications and properly analyze them to achieve a better understanding of state-of-the-art research, overall topic maturity, and its relevance through time. Additionally, systematic mappings provide answers to research questions as defined by the researcher conducting the process, allowing for further exploration of specific knowledge concerning the studied domain. In this study, the topic of 4.0 Industry is analyzed to illustrate the process and its results.
本文探讨了对特定主题进行定量研究的指导方针。正如这里所解释的那样,使用系统的映射,可以获得大量的科学出版物,并对它们进行适当的分析,以更好地了解最新的研究、整体主题的成熟度及其随时间的相关性。此外,系统映射为研究人员定义的研究问题提供答案,允许进一步探索有关研究领域的特定知识。在本研究中,以工业4.0为主题进行分析,以说明其过程和结果。
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引用次数: 0
APPLICATION BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC TO EVALUATE IMPLEMENTATION OF TPM IN INDUSTRIES 基于模糊逻辑的企业TPM实施评价
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20200015
Evanir Oliveira de Souza, M. Fortes, G. B. A. Lima
The aim of this paper is present a study on the development of a fuzzy logic application to evaluate the susceptibility of the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) methodology in industries which provides a diagnosis of the set of indicators from the inference system. This study is relevant because the TPM in the industries has been shown as a management tool with excellent results, contributing to increase the general capacity of utilization of the plants with direct impact on the availability of equipment and consequently increase of production. This work developed an application that through fuzzy logic, can evaluate the susceptibility of TPM deployment and identify the areas that offer opportunity for improvement and potential for this philosophy. To do so, the definition of system input variables and the criteria for implementation form the basis of this study.
本文的目的是研究开发一个模糊逻辑应用程序来评估工业中全面生产维护(TPM)方法的敏感性,并从推理系统中提供一组指标的诊断。这项研究是相关的,因为TPM在行业中已被证明是一种管理工具,具有良好的效果,有助于提高工厂的一般利用能力,直接影响设备的可用性,从而提高产量。这项工作开发了一个应用程序,通过模糊逻辑,可以评估TPM部署的敏感性,并确定提供改进机会和潜力的领域。为此,系统输入变量的定义和实施标准构成了本研究的基础。
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引用次数: 3
INSTABILITY, FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE IN MANAUS 马瑙斯的不稳定性、频率和电压
Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20200002
T. Brito, M. Nascimento, Francisco Rodrigues Maia
The article describes the system instability, frequency and voltage in Manaus. Electrical systems are relevant to the functioning of cities and are constantly evolving to meet growing demands. The deregulation of the sector and the continuous incorporation of new equipment technologies make the system's operation complex. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the methods and instruments for monitoring and controlling the operation of the system in real time. Several technologies appear every year, but in Brazil there is the Automatic Generation Control (GAG) and supervisory control of the system, which aims to control the generation in plants in order to meet the goals determined by the System Operator. Ensuring that the frequency remains constant and in a range close to its nominal value. It also has the power flow control function in the interconnection lines. Increasing demand for electricity today means that electric power systems operate near the limit. The lack of policies appropriate to the reality of the sector and the economic order of the country aggravate the problem of power generation with regard to frequency and voltage stability. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance and identify the most appropriate strategy of Load-Frequency and Voltage Control for the case of the Manaus system, when the Network Operation topology changes.
本文介绍了玛瑙斯的系统不稳定性、频率和电压。电力系统与城市的运作有关,并不断发展以满足不断增长的需求。该部门的放松管制和新设备技术的不断结合使该系统的操作变得复杂。因此,有必要改进实时监测和控制系统运行的方法和仪器。每年都会出现几种技术,但在巴西,有自动发电控制(GAG)和系统的监督控制,其目的是控制工厂的发电,以满足系统运营商确定的目标。确保频率保持恒定并在接近其标称值的范围内。在并网线路中具有潮流控制功能。今天电力需求的增加意味着电力系统的运行接近极限。由于缺乏适合该部门实际情况和国家经济秩序的政策,加剧了发电在频率和电压稳定性方面的问题。本文的目的是在网络运行拓扑发生变化时,评估Manaus系统的性能并确定最合适的负载-频率和电压控制策略。
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引用次数: 0
APPLICATION OF AGROTOXICS IN THE RURAL AREA OF PARÁ 农用毒物在农村的应用parÁ
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20190088
Lucas Ruann Lima Ferraz, David Barbosa de Alencar, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra
The pesticide has been used over time to optimize agricultural production and prevent certain types of unwanted fungi or herbs in its production with certain pesticides making it harmful to health both by consuming and especially by creating a direct contact, using as base the work safety standards imposed by federal law. 7,802, July 11, 1989 and Decree 4,074, January 4, 2002, NR15 and NR31 aiming at the correct application of pesticides and better storage using the field research methodology, photographic records and questionnaires with the rural worker, resulting in non-compliance with the same already mentioned for lack of correct use of PPE during the application and lack of MSDS (Chemical Safety Data Sheet) at the storage site, however in view of the information presented, attention is needed with the rural worker and his quality of work.
长期以来,该农药一直被用于优化农业生产,防止某些类型的有害真菌或草药在生产过程中与某些农药一起使用,这些农药通过消费,特别是通过直接接触对健康有害,以联邦法律规定的工作安全标准为基础。1989年7月11日第7,802号法令和2002年1月4日第4,074号法令,NR15和NR31旨在通过实地调查方法,摄影记录和对农村工人的问卷调查来正确使用农药和更好地储存农药,导致在使用过程中缺乏正确使用PPE和缺乏MSDS(化学品安全数据表)而不遵守上述规定。然而,鉴于所提供的信息,需要重视农民工及其工作质量。
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引用次数: 0
Use of rainwater for non-potable purposes in teaching institution: A case study applied to CMEI Maria do Céu Municipal School in Manaus/AM (56-62) 教学机构将雨水用于非饮用目的:以玛瑙斯/AM的CMEI Maria do c<s:1>市立学校为例(56-62)
Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20180079
Niliane Nogueira Bacelar, J. Benevides, Josiane dos Santos Leite
The present study consists of the feasibility study for the elaboration of implantation of a rainwater harvesting system for non-potable purposes in the Municipal School Cmei Maria do Céu in the metropolitan area of the city of Manaus - AM. The system has been chosen to provide many environmental and urban benefits, such as minimizing wasteful drinking water. In this work were adopted the Hidromodular system, it will be used in the lower levels of the cover, being a light and more economical system. The water captured in the roof will be filtered and taken to a cistern sized to meet the project flow, from which it is distributed for general use. At the end of this one, it is possible to verify the implantation of the whole system in simulated representation, following the guidelines of NBR 15.527 / 07.
本研究包括在马瑙斯- AM市都市地区的Cmei Maria do cacimu市立学校详细设计一个用于非饮用目的的雨水收集系统的可行性研究。选择该系统可以提供许多环境和城市效益,例如最大限度地减少饮用水浪费。在本作品中采用了Hidromodular系统,将其应用于较低层次的盖板,是一种轻便、经济的系统。屋顶收集的水将被过滤,并被带到一个大小符合项目流量的水箱中,从那里分配给一般用途。在本文结束时,可以按照NBR 15.527 / 07的指导方针,在模拟表示中验证整个系统的植入。
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引用次数: 0
Online detection of partial discharges in medium and high voltage cable accessories by acoustic emissions 声发射在线检测中高压电缆附件局部放电
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20170083
P. Torrens, A. G. Parada, Ricard Bosch Tous
The acoustic waves caused by partial discharges inside a dielectric can be detected by sensors of acoustic emissions (EA) and analyzed in the time domain. The experimental results that are presented, demonstrate the capability of online detection of these sensors, in the vicinity of a cable, splice or terminal accessory. The EA sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference, are a non-destructive detection method and guarantee galvanic decoupling from the voltage network; This technique of detection of partial discharges can be applied as a test method for preventive or predictive maintenance (maintenance based on the condition), in equipment or installations of medium and high voltage in service and represents an alternative to electrical detection systems, conventional or not, which continue to be based on the detection of current pulses.
由介质内部局部放电引起的声波可以通过声发射传感器检测到,并在时域内进行分析。实验结果证明了这些传感器在电缆、接头或终端附件附近的在线检测能力。该传感器不受电磁干扰,是一种无损检测方法,保证了电压网络的电流去耦;这种局部放电检测技术可以作为一种预防性或预测性维护(基于条件的维护)的测试方法,应用于在使用的中高压设备或装置中,并且代表了传统或非传统的电气检测系统的替代方法,这些系统仍然基于电流脉冲的检测。
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引用次数: 0
Using linear programming in balanced food design at minimum cost for cattle 用线性规划进行牛的最低成本均衡食物设计
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5935/2447-0228.20180036
M. E. O'Farrill
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Engineering and Technology for Industrial Applications
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