Water science and engineering最新文献_第2页

New challenges of water disasters: Mechanisms, identification, and risks of abrupt transitions between drought and flood 水灾害的新挑战：机制、识别和干旱与洪水之间突变的风险

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.003

Shan-shui Yuan, Zi-yan Shi

引用次数: 0

Prediction models for scour depth around circular compound bridge piers 圆形复合桥墩周围冲刷深度预测模型

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.07.004

Siva Krishna Reddy, Venu Chandra

Scour around bridge pier foundations is a complex phenomenon that can threaten structural stability. Accurate prediction of scour depth around compound piers remains challenging for bridge engineers. This study investigated the effect of foundation elevation on scour around compound piers and developed reliable scour depth prediction models for economical foundation design. Experiments were conducted under clear-water conditions using two circular piers: (1) a uniform pier (with a diameter of D) and (2) a compound pier consisting of a uniform pier resting on a circular foundation (with a foundation diameter (D_f) of 2D) positioned at various elevations (Z) relative to the channel bed. Results showed that foundation elevation significantly affected scour depth. Foundations at or below the bed (Z/D ≥ 0) reduced scour, while those projecting into the flow field (Z/D < 0) increased scour. The optimal foundation elevation was found to be 0.1D below the bed level, yielding a 57% reduction in scour depth compared to the uniform pier due to its shielding effect against downflow and horseshoe vortices. In addition, regression, artificial neural network (ANN), and M5 model tree models were developed using experimental data from this and previous studies. The M5 model outperformed the traditional HEC-18 equation, regression, and ANN models, with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.85. Sensitivity analysis indicated that flow depth, foundation elevation, and diameter significantly influenced scour depth prediction, whereas sediment size had a lesser impact.

桥墩基础周围冲刷是一种复杂的现象，会威胁到结构的稳定。复合桥墩周围冲刷深度的准确预测一直是桥梁工程师面临的挑战。研究了基础高程对复合桥墩周围冲刷的影响，建立了可靠的冲刷深度预测模型，为经济基础设计提供依据。实验在清水条件下使用两个圆形墩进行：(1)均匀墩（直径为D）和(2)复合墩，由均匀墩组成，位于圆形基础上（基础直径（Df）为2D），相对于河床的不同高程(Z)。结果表明，地基高程对冲刷深度有显著影响。床内及床下地基（Z/D≥0）冲刷减小，而凸出流场的地基（Z/D < 0）冲刷增大。研究发现，最优基础标高在河床以下0.1D，由于其对下流和马蹄涡的屏蔽作用，与均匀墩相比，冲刷深度减少了57%。此外，利用本研究和前人研究的实验数据，建立了回归、人工神经网络（ANN）和M5模型树模型。M5模型优于传统的HEC-18方程、回归模型和人工神经网络模型，决定系数大于0.85。敏感性分析表明，水流深度、基础高程和直径对冲刷深度预测有显著影响，而泥沙粒径对冲刷深度预测的影响较小。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative experimental study of bisphenol A degradation via sulfate radical and electron transfer mechanisms in persulfate-activated advanced oxidation processes 过硫酸盐活化深度氧化过程中硫酸盐自由基和电子转移降解双酚A的对比实验研究

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.07.003

Jian Fan, Jia-long Li, Bing-qian Deng, Jie-xin Wang, Wen-bin An, Yu-mei Li, Peng Sun

Addressing the growing challenge of water contamination, this study comparatively evaluated a persulfate (PDS) system activated by non-radical nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) versus a PDS system activated by radical-based iron (Fe²⁺), both used for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The N-CNTs/PDS system, driven by the electron transfer mechanism, achieved remarkable 90.9% BPA removal within 30 min at high BPA concentrations, significantly outperforming the Fe²⁺/PDS system, which attained only 38.9% removal. The N-CNTs/PDS system maintained robust degradation efficiency across a wide range of BPA concentrations and exhibited a high degree of resilience in diverse water matrices. By directly abstracting electrons from BPA molecules, the N-CNTs/PDS system effectively minimised oxidant wastage and mitigated the risk of secondary pollution, ensuring efficient utilisation of active sites on N-CNTs and sustaining a high catalytic rate. The formation of the N-CNTs-PDS∗ complex significantly enhanced BPA degradation and mineralisation, thereby optimising PDS consumption. These findings highlight the unparalleled advantages of the N-CNTs/PDS system in managing complex wastewater, offering a promising and innovative solution for treating complex industrial wastewater and advancing environmental remediation efforts.

为了应对日益严峻的水污染挑战，本研究比较了非自由基氮掺杂碳纳米管（N-CNTs）激活的过硫酸盐（PDS）体系和自由基基铁（Fe2+）激活的过硫酸盐（PDS）体系，这两种体系都用于降解双酚a （BPA）。在电子传递机制的驱动下，N-CNTs/PDS体系在高BPA浓度下，30 min内的BPA去除率达到了90.9%，明显优于Fe2+/PDS体系，后者的去除率仅为38.9%。N-CNTs/PDS系统在广泛的BPA浓度范围内保持稳健的降解效率，并在不同的水基质中表现出高度的弹性。通过直接从BPA分子中提取电子，N-CNTs/PDS系统有效地减少了氧化剂的浪费，降低了二次污染的风险，确保了N-CNTs上活性位点的有效利用，并保持了高催化速率。N-CNTs-PDS *复合物的形成显著增强了BPA的降解和矿化，从而优化了PDS的消耗。这些发现突出了N-CNTs/PDS系统在管理复杂废水方面的无与伦比的优势，为处理复杂工业废水和推进环境修复工作提供了一种有前景的创新解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants onto chitosan-coated pumice adsorbent 壳聚糖包覆浮石吸附剂同时去除有机和无机污染物

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.07.002

Suhaib S. Salih , Muayad A. Shihab , Mohammed Kadhom , Noor Albayati , Tushar K. Ghosh

The development of low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly adsorbents capable of simultaneously removing both heavy metals and synthetic dyes from wastewater remains a critical challenge in environmental remediation. In this study, a novel chitosan/pumice (CS/PM) composite was synthesized and evaluated for its multifunctional adsorption performance toward four common and toxic pollutants: lead (Pb(II)), cadmium (Cd(II)), methylene blue (MB), and Congo red (CR). Characterization confirmed the successful integration of chitosan with pumice, resulting in reduced crystallinity, enhanced thermal stability, and active functional groups involved in adsorption. Adsorption experiments demonstrated optimal pollutant removal at a pH value of 6, with the composite exhibiting high affinity for all tested contaminants. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating that chemical interactions predominantly govern the adsorption process. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms closely fit the Langmuir model, followed by the Sips model, suggesting monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface with potential heterogeneous interactions. The maximum adsorption capacities of CS/PM, calculated from the Langmuir model, were 150.60 mg/g, 123.14 mg/g, 135.20 mg/g, and 120.33 mg/g for Pb(II), Cd(II), MB, and CR, respectively. This study introduces a straightforward approach for designing porous composite materials with high adsorption capacities, offering promising applications in environmental remediation.

开发低成本、高效、环境友好的同时去除废水中重金属和合成染料的吸附剂仍然是环境修复中的一个关键挑战。本研究合成了一种新型壳聚糖/浮石（CS/PM）复合材料，并评价了其对铅（Pb(II)）、镉（Cd(II)）、亚甲基蓝（MB）和刚果红（CR）四种常见有毒污染物的多功能吸附性能。表征证实壳聚糖与浮石的成功结合，导致结晶度降低，热稳定性增强，活性官能团参与吸附。吸附实验表明，在pH值为6时，该复合材料对所有被测污染物都具有较高的亲和力。吸附动力学遵循伪二阶模型，表明化学相互作用主导了吸附过程。此外，吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型，其次是Sips模型，表明单层吸附在均匀表面上，存在潜在的非均相相互作用。根据Langmuir模型计算，CS/PM对Pb（II）、Cd（II）、MB和CR的最大吸附量分别为150.60 mg/g、123.14 mg/g、135.20 mg/g和120.33 mg/g。本研究介绍了一种设计具有高吸附能力的多孔复合材料的简单方法，在环境修复中有很好的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Graphene oxide–bacterial cellulose composites for enhanced adsorption of rhodamine B from aqueous solutions 氧化石墨烯-细菌纤维素复合材料对罗丹明B水溶液的增强吸附

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.07.001

A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra , Farda Nata Syakira , Salwa Aqilah Luthfiyah , Safira Azkia , Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan , Marpongahtun , Andriayani , Ronn Goei , Sumiyyah Sabar , Saharman Gea

Industrial effluents pose significant environmental challenges due to the presence of water-soluble organic dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB), necessitating the implementation of effective removal strategies. Although adsorption is recognised as a promising alternative to conventional dye removal methods, developing cost-effective, sustainable, and highly efficient adsorbents remains challenging. This study investigated RhB adsorption using the bacterial cellulose (BC)/graphene oxide (GO) composite. GO was incorporated to enhance adsorption capacity by improving electrostatic interactions and introducing additional functional groups. The methodology involved synthesising GO from Sawahlunto coal, preparing BC/GO composites with varying GO contents, and conducting RhB adsorption experiments across different pH levels. Comprehensive characterisation confirmed successful GO synthesis and integration into the BC matrix. While pristine BC exhibited limited RhB removal efficiency and adsorption capacity (42.04% and 0.093 4 mg/g, respectively), BC/GO demonstrated significantly improved performance. The optimal composite containing 50 mg of GO achieved a removal efficiency of 98.91% and an adsorption capacity of 0.219 mg/g. Further optimisation at a pH value of 3 enhanced adsorption efficiency and capacity to 99.50% and 0.221 mg/g, respectively. Langmuir isotherm analysis with a coefficient of determination of 0.934 revealed a monolayer adsorption mechanism, highlighting the potential of BC/GO for advanced environmental remediation in industrial wastewater treatment.

由于罗丹明B （RhB）等水溶性有机染料的存在，工业废水对环境构成了重大挑战，需要实施有效的去除策略。尽管吸附被认为是传统染料去除方法的一种很有前途的替代方法，但开发具有成本效益，可持续和高效的吸附剂仍然具有挑战性。研究了细菌纤维素(BC)/氧化石墨烯（GO）复合材料对RhB的吸附作用。加入氧化石墨烯，通过改善静电相互作用和引入额外的官能团来提高吸附能力。研究方法包括从Sawahlunto煤中合成氧化石墨烯，制备不同氧化石墨烯含量的BC/氧化石墨烯复合材料，并在不同pH水平下进行RhB吸附实验。综合表征证实了成功的氧化石墨烯合成和集成到BC矩阵。原始BC对RhB的去除效率和吸附能力有限（分别为42.04%和0.093.4 mg/g），而BC/GO的性能显著提高。最佳复合材料的去除率为98.91%，吸附量为0.219 mg/g。进一步优化pH值为3时，吸附效率和容量分别提高到99.50%和0.221 mg/g。Langmuir等温线分析的测定系数为0.934，揭示了BC/GO的单层吸附机理，突出了BC/GO在工业废水处理中的高级环境修复潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Analytical investigation of tidal dynamics in a micro-tidal estuary: A case study of Yongjiang Estuary, China 微潮河口潮汐动力学分析研究——以永江河口为例

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.002

Zheng Wu , Yuan-yuan Mao , Lin Lan , Peng Zhang , Hua-yang Cai , Yi-han Zhao , Zhi-shi Lu

Understanding the processes and dynamics of tidal wave propagation in estuaries is critical for assessing the impacts of natural processes and human interventions on estuarine systems. However, current knowledge of tidal dynamics in micro-tidal estuaries and their variability across various timescales remains limited. This study used an analytical framework and field observations to investigate the fundamental physical processes and mechanisms governing tidal wave propagation in the Yongjiang Estuary, a micro-tidal estuary on the eastern coast of China. The analytically computed tidal amplitude and wave propagation timing aligned with observed data. Significant wet/dry and spring/neap variations in tidal wave properties were identified, primarily influenced by the interplay between channel convergence and bottom friction. Given the high siltation rates in the Yongjiang Estuary, analytical simulations suggested that human-induced dredging enhances tidal dynamics, while channel bed siltation weakens hydrodynamic processes, potentially exacerbating local sedimentation. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for estuarine management and establish a foundation for future research on sediment dynamics in the Yongjiang Estuary.

了解潮汐波在河口传播的过程和动力学对于评估自然过程和人为干预对河口系统的影响至关重要。然而，目前对微潮河口的潮汐动力学及其在不同时间尺度上的变化的认识仍然有限。本文采用分析框架和野外观测相结合的方法，研究了中国东部沿海微潮口永江口潮汐波传播的基本物理过程和机制。解析计算的潮汐振幅和波传播时间与观测资料一致。发现了显著的湿/干和春季/小潮潮汐波特性变化，主要受河道辐合和底部摩擦相互作用的影响。考虑到永江口的高淤积率，分析模拟表明，人为疏浚增强了潮汐动力，而河床淤积减弱了水动力过程，可能加剧局部沉积。本研究结果为永江河口管理提供了有价值的见解，并为今后永江河口泥沙动力学研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Effective bromate removal from water utilizing ZIF-67 and ZIF-67/GO nanocomposites: Optimization and mechanism analysis 利用ZIF-67和ZIF-67/GO纳米复合材料去除水中溴酸盐：优化及机理分析

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.001

Alaa El Din Mahmoud , Rominder Suri

Bromate (

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

) is a toxic disinfection byproduct frequently formed during ozonation in water treatment processes and is classified as a potential human carcinogen. Its effective removal from drinking water is therefore a pressing concern for public health and environmental safety. This study investigated the removal of

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

from water using the synthesized zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF)-67 and ZIF-67/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites through a comparative approach. The morphology, composition, and crystallinity of both ZIFs were characterized. The effects of four independent parameters (initial

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

concentration, pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time) on

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

removal efficiency were examined. A strong correlation was observed between experimental and predicted values. GO enhanced

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

removal not only through synergistic interactions with ZIF-67 but also by improving dispersion and providing additional functional groups that facilitate electrostatic interactions and adsorption. The Box–Behnken design was employed to evaluate both individual and interactive effects of the parameters on

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

removal, achieving an optimum removal efficiency of approximately 99.6% using 1.5 g/L of ZIF-67/GO at a pH value of 4 with an initial

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

concentration of 2 mg/L. The optimization process was further supported by desirability analysis. The

{BrO}_{3}^{-}

removal mechanisms are primarily attributed to porosity, electrostatic interactions, and adsorption onto active sites. Compared to ZIF-67 alone, ZIF-67/GO demonstrated superior anion removal efficiency, highlighting its potential for water treatment applications.

溴酸盐（BrO3−）是水处理过程中臭氧化过程中经常产生的有毒消毒副产物，被列为潜在的人类致癌物。因此，将其从饮用水中有效清除是公共卫生和环境安全的一个紧迫问题。本研究通过对比研究了合成的咪唑酸分子筛框架(ZIF)-67和ZIF-67/氧化石墨烯（GO）纳米复合材料对水中BrO3−的去除效果。对两种zif的形貌、组成和结晶度进行了表征。考察了4个独立参数（初始浓度、pH、吸附剂剂量和接触时间）对BrO3−去除率的影响。在实验值和预测值之间观察到很强的相关性。氧化石墨烯增强BrO3−的去除不仅通过与ZIF-67的协同作用，还通过改善分散和提供额外的官能团促进静电相互作用和吸附。采用Box-Behnken设计评估了各参数对BrO3−去除率的单独影响和交互影响，在pH值为4、初始BrO3−浓度为2 mg/L、ZIF-67/GO用量为1.5 g/L时，达到了约99.6%的最佳去除率。期望性分析进一步支持了优化过程。BrO3−的去除机制主要归因于孔隙度、静电相互作用和活性位点的吸附。与单独使用ZIF-67相比，ZIF-67/GO表现出优越的阴离子去除效率，突出了其在水处理中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Optimising a novel biofilm-based process using Neurospora discreta for enhanced treatment of lignin-rich wastewater 优化一种新的基于生物膜的工艺，利用离散神经孢子菌加强处理富含木质素的废水

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.02.001

Himani Taneja , Shamas Tabraiz , Asma Ahmed

Paper and pulp mills generate substantial volumes of wastewater containing lignin-derived compounds that are challenging to degrade using conventional wastewater treatment methods. This study presents a novel biofilm-based process for enhanced lignin removal in wastewater using the fungus Neurospora discreta, which effectively degrades lignin and forms robust biofilms at the air–liquid interface under specific conditions. The process was optimised using the Taguchi design of experiments approach, and three factors including pH, copper sulphate concentration, and trace element concentration were evaluated at three levels. Experimental data were analysed against three responses: lignin degradation efficiency and the activities of two ligninolytic enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and versatile peroxidase). The results indicated that wastewater pH was the most significant parameter affecting lignin degradation efficiency and enzyme activities. Over 70% lignin degradation was achieved at pH levels of 5 and 6 with copper sulphate concentrations above 4 mg/L, while degradation efficiency drastically dropped to 45% at a pH value of 7. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated the effects of the three factors on the polar and non-polar components of lignin in wastewater, revealing a clear decrease in all peak areas after treatment. Additionally, significant relationships were observed between biofilm properties (including porosity, water retention value, polysaccharide content, and protein content) and lignin removal efficiency. This study also reported for the first time the presence of versatile peroxidase, a ligninolytic enzyme, in Neurospora sp.

造纸和纸浆厂产生大量含有木质素衍生化合物的废水，这些化合物很难用传统的废水处理方法降解。本研究提出了一种新的基于生物膜的工艺，利用真菌离散神经孢子菌（Neurospora discreta），在特定条件下有效降解木质素并在气液界面形成坚固的生物膜，以增强废水中的木质素去除。采用田口实验设计法对工艺进行优化，并对pH、硫酸铜浓度、微量元素浓度三个因素进行了三个水平的评价。实验数据分析了三个响应：木质素降解效率和两种木质素降解酶（多酚氧化酶和多功能过氧化物酶）的活性。结果表明，废水pH是影响木质素降解效率和酶活性的最显著参数。当pH值为5和6，硫酸铜浓度大于4 mg/L时，木质素的降解率达到70%以上，而当pH值为7时，木质素的降解率急剧下降至45%。反相高效液相色谱分析证实了这三个因素对废水中木质素极性和非极性组分的影响，发现处理后所有峰区都明显下降。此外，生物膜特性（包括孔隙度、保水值、多糖含量和蛋白质含量）与木质素去除效率之间存在显著关系。本研究还首次报道了木素水解酶——多用途过氧化物酶在神经孢子菌中的存在。

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引用次数: 0

Quantification of backwater effect in Jingjiang Reach due to confluence with Dongting Lake using a machine learning model 基于机器学习模型的荆江与洞庭湖汇流回水效应量化

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.02.002

Hai-xin Shang , Jun-qiang Xia , Chun-hong Hu , Mei-rong Zhou , Shan-shan Deng

The backwater effect caused by tributary inflow can significantly elevate the water level profile upstream of a confluence point. However, the influence of mainstream and confluence discharges on the backwater effect in a river reach remains unclear. In this study, various hydrological data collected from the Jingjiang Reach of the Yangtze River in China were statistically analyzed to determine the backwater degree and range with three representative mainstream discharges. The results indicated that the backwater degree increased with mainstream discharge, and a positive relationship was observed between the runoff ratio and backwater degree at specific representative mainstream discharges. Following the operation of the Three Gorges Project, the backwater effect in the Jingjiang Reach diminished. For instance, mean backwater degrees for low, moderate, and high mainstream discharges were recorded as 0.83 m, 1.61 m, and 2.41 m during the period from 1990 to 2002, whereas these values decreased to 0.30 m, 0.95 m, and 2.08 m from 2009 to 2020. The backwater range extended upstream as mainstream discharge increased from 7 000 m³/s to 30 000 m³/s. Moreover, a random forest-based machine learning model was used to quantify the backwater effect with varying mainstream and confluence discharges, accounting for the impacts of mainstream discharge, confluence discharge, and channel degradation in the Jingjiang Reach. At the Jianli Hydrological Station, a decrease in mainstream discharge during flood seasons resulted in a 7%–15% increase in monthly mean backwater degree, while an increase in mainstream discharge during dry seasons led to a 1%–15% decrease in monthly mean backwater degree. Furthermore, increasing confluence discharge from Dongting Lake during June to July and September to November resulted in an 11%–42% increase in monthly mean backwater degree. Continuous channel degradation in the Jingjiang Reach contributed to a 6%–19% decrease in monthly mean backwater degree. Under the influence of these factors, the monthly mean backwater degree in 2017 varied from a decrease of 53% to an increase of 37% compared to corresponding values in 1991.

支流入流引起的回水效应可以显著提高汇合点上游的水位剖面。但干流和汇流流量对河段回水效应的影响尚不清楚。本研究对中国长江靖江河段收集的各种水文资料进行统计分析，确定了具有代表性的三条干流的回水程度和范围。结果表明，回水程度随干流流量的增加而增加，在特定代表性干流流量下，径流比与回水程度呈正相关。三峡工程投运后，荆江河段回水效应减弱。1990 ~ 2002年低、中、高干流回水度分别为0.83 m、1.61 m和2.41 m， 2009 ~ 2020年回水度分别为0.30 m、0.95 m和2.08 m。当干流流量从7 000 m3/s增加到3 000 m3/s时，回水范围向上游延伸。基于随机森林的机器学习模型量化了荆江河段干流流量、汇流流量和河道退化对干流流量、汇流流量的影响。建利水文站汛期干流流量减少导致月平均回水度增加7% ~ 15%，枯水期干流流量增加导致月平均回水度减少1% ~ 15%。6 ~ 7月和9 ~ 11月增加洞庭湖汇流流量，月平均回水度增加11% ~ 42%。靖江河段河道持续退化导致月平均回水度下降6% ~ 19%。在这些因素的影响下，2017年的月平均回水程度与1991年的相应值相比，从下降53%到上升37%不等。

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引用次数: 0

Rethinking drought definition and classification 重新思考干旱的定义和分类

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.04.002

Wen Wang, Hao Wang

引用次数: 0