Water science and engineering最新文献_第3页

Photocatalytic purification of dye-containing wastewater using a novel embedded hybrid TiO2–slag catalyst heterojunction nanocomposite coupled with statistical models: A sustainable and techno-economic approach 基于统计模型的新型嵌入式混合tio2 -渣催化剂异质结纳米复合材料光催化净化含染料废水：可持续和技术经济途径

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.02.003

Kingsley Safo , Norbert Onen Rubangakene , Hussien Noby , Ahmed H. El-Shazly

The steel industry produces many byproducts, requiring extensive land for storage and causing significant environmental contamination. Industrial effluents discharged into water bodies negatively impact both aquatic ecosystems and human health. To solve this problem, this study synthesized a composite of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and steel slag nanocomposites (SSNC) at a 1:2 mass ratio to create a robust photocatalyst for the treatment of synthetic wastewater. The efficacy of this catalyst in degrading various dye pollutants, including methylene blue (MB), was tested under simulated solar light conditions. Comprehensive analyses were conducted to assess the physical and chemical characteristics, crystalline structure, energy gap, and point of zero charge of the composite. The TiO₂-SSNC composite catalyst exhibited excellent stability, with a point of zero charge at 8.342 and an energy gap of 2.4 eV. The degradation process conformed to pseudo-first-order kinetics. Optimization of operational parameters was achieved through the response surface methodology. Reusability tests demonstrated that the TiO₂-SSNC composite catalyst effectively degraded up to 93.41% of MB in the suspended mode and 92.03% in the coated mode after five cycles. Additionally, the degradation efficiencies for various dyes were significant, highlighting the potential of the composite for broad applications in industrial wastewater treatment. This study also explored the degradation mechanisms and identified byproducts, establishing a pathway for contaminant breakdown. The cost-benefit analysis revealed a total cost of 0.842 8 USD per cubic meter for each treatment activity, indicating low operational and production costs. These findings underscore the promise of the TiO₂-SSNC composite as a cost-effective and efficient alternative for wastewater purification.

钢铁工业产生许多副产品，需要大量土地来储存，并造成严重的环境污染。排入水体的工业废水对水生生态系统和人类健康都产生负面影响。为了解决这一问题，本研究以1:2的质量比合成了二氧化钛（TiO2）和钢渣纳米复合材料（SSNC）的复合材料，制备了一种鲁棒的光催化剂，用于处理合成废水。在模拟太阳光照条件下测试了该催化剂对亚甲基蓝（MB）等多种染料污染物的降解效果。对复合材料的物理化学特性、晶体结构、能隙和零电荷点进行了综合分析。TiO2-SSNC复合催化剂具有良好的稳定性，其零电荷点为8.342，能隙为2.4 eV。降解过程符合准一级动力学。通过响应面法对操作参数进行了优化。重复使用试验表明，经过5次循环后，TiO2-SSNC复合催化剂在悬浮模式下可有效降解MB达93.41%，在涂层模式下可有效降解MB达92.03%。此外，对各种染料的降解效率显著，突出了复合材料在工业废水处理中的广泛应用潜力。本研究还探索了降解机制，鉴定了副产物，建立了污染物分解的途径。成本效益分析显示，每次处理活动的总成本为0.842 8美元/立方米，表明运营和生产成本较低。这些发现强调了二氧化钛- ssnc复合材料作为一种经济高效的废水净化替代品的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Immobilization of MnO2 nanoflowers on coils using direct heating method for organic pollutant remediation 直接加热法固定化二氧化锰纳米花对有机污染物的修复作用

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.09.001

Sin Ling Chiam , Swee-Yong Pung , Chee Meng Koe , Fei Yee Yeoh

The immobilization of catalysts on supporting substrates for the removal of organic pollutants is a crucial strategy for mitigating catalyst loss during wastewater treatment. This study presented a rapid and cost-effective direct heating method for synthesizing MnO₂ nanoflowers on coil substrates for the removal of organic pollutants. Traditional methods often require high power, expensive equipment, and long synthesis times. In contrast, the direct heating approach successfully synthesized MnO₂ nanoflowers in just 10 min with a heating power of approximately 40 W·h after the heating power and duration were optimized. These nanoflowers effectively degraded 99% Rhodamine B in 60 min with consistent repeatability. The catalytic mechanisms are attributed to crystal defects in MnO₂, which generate electrons to produce H₂O₂. Mn²⁺ ions in the acidic solution further dissociate H₂O₂ molecules into hydroxyl radicals (·OH). The high efficiency of this synthesis method and the excellent reusability of MnO₂ nanoflowers highlight their potential as a promising solution for the development of supporting MnO₂ catalysts for organic dye removal applications.

将催化剂固定在载体上去除有机污染物是减少废水处理过程中催化剂损失的关键策略。本研究提出了一种快速、经济的直接加热方法，用于在线圈基板上合成二氧化锰纳米花，以去除有机污染物。传统的方法通常需要高功率、昂贵的设备和较长的合成时间。相比之下，直接加热法在优化加热功率和持续时间后，仅在10 min内就成功合成了MnO2纳米花，加热功率约为40 W·h。这些纳米花在60分钟内有效地降解了99%的罗丹明B，并具有一致的可重复性。催化机理认为是MnO2的晶体缺陷产生电子生成H2O2。酸性溶液中的Mn2+离子进一步将H2O2分子解离成羟基自由基（·OH）。该合成方法的高效率和二氧化锰纳米花优异的可重复使用性突出了其作为二氧化锰有机染料去除催化剂的发展前景。

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引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of mixing patterns at open channel confluences 明渠汇合处混合形态的三维数值模拟

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.08.001

Ali Aghazadegan , Ali Shokri

Open channel confluences, where two streams or rivers converge, play a crucial role in hydraulic engineering and river dynamics. These confluences are characterized by complex hydrodynamics influenced by the discharge ratios of merging water bodies. This study investigated the mixing structure at open channel confluences using three-dimensional numerical modeling. A comprehensive three-dimensional numerical model was developed and validated against a dataset obtained from controlled laboratory experiments. This dataset incorporated three-dimensional time-averaged velocity measurements. The skew-induced and stress-induced equation systems were adopted as the core governing equations, providing a framework for simulating various scenarios. A total of ten different cases were analyzed. The results highlighted the effect of discharge ratios on turbulence, lateral and vertical vorticities, and the distribution of mixing, which intensified with higher magnitudes of discharge ratios. The mixing structure, driven by velocity gradients and vorticity, revealed the significant role of lateral and vertical vorticities in determining hydrodynamic behaviors and mixing distributions at confluences. Specifically, the momentum ratio of incoming flows governed the spatial evolution of mixing processes. This study revealed that the distribution of mixing served as a key indicator for identifying the formation of mid-channel scours. High normalized velocities induced toward the left bank led to the superelevation of the water surface, enhancing the potential for bed material and the formation of significant scour holes beneath the elevated water surface. This novel approach provides a deeper understanding of the mixing patterns at confluences, particularly in scenarios with equilibrated discharge ratios but in different magnitudes.

明渠汇合处是两条溪流或河流汇合处，在水利工程和河流动力学中起着至关重要的作用。这些汇合点具有复杂的水动力学特征，受合并水体流量比的影响。本文采用三维数值模拟方法对明渠汇合处的混合结构进行了研究。建立了一个全面的三维数值模型，并对从受控实验室实验中获得的数据集进行了验证。该数据集包含三维时间平均速度测量值。采用倾斜诱导和应力诱导方程组作为核心控制方程，为模拟各种场景提供了框架。总共分析了十个不同的病例。结果表明，流量比对湍流度、横向和垂直涡度以及混合分布的影响随着流量比的增大而增强。由速度梯度和涡度驱动的混合结构揭示了横向和垂直涡度对汇合处流体动力行为和混合分布的重要影响。具体来说，来流动量比决定了混合过程的空间演化。研究表明，混合分布是识别河道中冲刷形成的关键指标。向左岸诱导的高归一化速度导致了水面的超高，增加了河床物质的可能性，并在升高的水面下形成了显著的冲刷孔。这种新颖的方法提供了对汇合处混合模式的更深入的理解，特别是在流量比平衡但流量大小不同的情况下。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of damming on nutrient transport and transformation in river systems: A review 筑坝对河流水系养分运输和转化的影响

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.11.001

Jia-wen Gan , Xun Wang , Qiu-sheng Yuan , Xiao-lei Xing , Sheng Liu , Cheng-gong Du , Yu-ran Zheng , Yun-xin Liu

Large-scale damming has emerged as a prevalent global trend, significantly impacting nutrient transport and transformation, as well as the downstream ecological environment. Nitrogen and phosphorus are fundamental elements of primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems and serve as key limiting factors in reservoir eutrophication. This review focuses on the impact of damming on the transport and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus, regarding changes in nutrient concentrations, fluxes, and proportions. Spatial changes in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations primarily occur at the inlet and outlet of reservoirs, while temporal changes often exhibit seasonal patterns. At a global scale, phosphorus is preferentially removed from reservoirs compared to nitrogen. The factors influencing the transport and transformation processes of nitrogen and phosphorus in reservoirs include the physicochemical properties of water bodies and human activities. Additionally, nitrogen dynamics are affected by reservoir age, storage capacity, and water storage regulation modes, whereas phosphorus dynamics are also influenced by hydrodynamic conditions. Finally, this review summarizes the impact of damming on the downstream ecological environment and outlines future research directions, providing theoretical support for the management of river–reservoir ecosystems and promoting the green and sustainable development of hydropower in the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

大规模筑坝已成为全球的普遍趋势，对营养物质的运输和转化以及下游生态环境产生了重大影响。氮和磷是水生生态系统初级生产力的基本要素，是水库富营养化的关键限制因子。本文综述了筑坝对氮磷转运和转化的影响，包括营养物浓度、通量和比例的变化。氮磷浓度的空间变化主要发生在水库入口和出口，而时间变化往往表现出季节性特征。在全球范围内，与氮相比，磷优先从储层中去除。影响水库中氮、磷运移转化过程的因素包括水体的理化性质和人类活动。此外，氮动态受水库年龄、库容和蓄水调节方式的影响，而磷动态也受水动力条件的影响。最后，总结了筑坝对下游生态环境的影响，并提出了未来的研究方向，为实现碳调峰和碳中和目标背景下的河库生态系统管理、促进水电绿色可持续发展提供理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Computational and experimental analysis of flow velocity and complex vortex formation around a group of bridge piers 桥墩群周围流速及复杂涡形成的计算与实验分析

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.01.003

Nima Ikani , Jaan H. Pu , Prashanth Reddy Hanmaiahgari , Bimlesh Kumar , Ebrahim Hamid Hussein Al-Qadami , Mohd Adib Mohammad Razi , Shu-yan Zang

In this study, the flow characteristics around a group of three piers arranged in tandem were investigated both numerically and experimentally. The simulation utilised the volume of fluid (VOF) model in conjunction with the k–ɛ method (i.e., for flow turbulence representations), implemented through the ANSYS FLUENT software, to model the free-surface flow. The simulation results were validated against laboratory measurements obtained using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The comparative analysis revealed discrepancies between the simulated and measured maximum velocities within the investigated flow field. However, the numerical results demonstrated a distinct vortex-induced flow pattern following the first pier and throughout the vicinity of the entire pier group, which aligned reasonably well with experimental data. In the heavily narrowed spaces between the piers, simulated velocity profiles were overestimated in the free-surface region and underestimated in the areas near the bed to the mid-stream when compared to measurements. These discrepancies diminished away from the regions with intense vortices, indicating that the employed model was capable of simulating relatively less disturbed flow turbulence. Furthermore, velocity results from both simulations and measurements were compared based on velocity distributions at three different depth ratios (0.15, 0.40, and 0.62) to assess vortex characteristic around the piers. This comparison revealed consistent results between experimental and simulated data. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of flow dynamics around complex interactive pier systems, which is critical for designing stable and sustainable hydraulic structures. Furthermore, the insights gained from this study provide valuable information for engineers aiming to develop effective strategies for controlling scour and minimizing destructive vortex effects, thereby guiding the design and maintenance of sustainable infrastructure.

本文采用数值和实验两种方法研究了三桥墩串列布置时桥墩周围的流动特性。仿真利用流体体积（VOF）模型结合k - ε方法（即湍流表示），通过ANSYS FLUENT软件实现，对自由表面流动进行建模。仿真结果与使用多普勒测速仪获得的实验室测量结果进行了验证。对比分析表明，在所研究的流场中，模拟的最大速度与测量的最大速度存在差异。然而，数值结果表明，在第一个桥墩之后和整个桥墩群附近存在明显的涡致流动模式，这与实验数据吻合得很好。与测量结果相比，在桥墩之间非常狭窄的空间中，模拟速度剖面在自由水面区域被高估，而在靠近河床到中游的区域被低估。这些差异在有强烈涡的区域减弱，表明所采用的模型能够模拟相对较少的扰动流动湍流。此外，基于三种不同深度比（0.15、0.40和0.62）下的速度分布，对模拟和测量的速度结果进行了比较，以评估桥墩周围的涡特性。这种比较揭示了实验数据和模拟数据之间的一致结果。该研究有助于更深入地了解复杂相互作用桥墩系统周围的流动动力学，这对于设计稳定和可持续的水工结构至关重要。此外，从本研究中获得的见解为工程师提供了有价值的信息，旨在制定有效的策略来控制冲刷和最小化破坏性涡效应，从而指导可持续基础设施的设计和维护。

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引用次数: 0

Simultaneous assessment of effects of variations in temperature and hydraulic retention time on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors 温度和水力停留时间变化对膜生物反应器中膜污染影响的同时评价

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.03.001

Horieh Akbari , Hossein Hazrati , Abbas Nazmkhah , Hanieh Shokrkar

Membrane fouling remains the primary economic barrier to the widespread implementation of membrane bioreactors (MBRs), despite the fact that they lead to the production of high-quality effluent. Operational conditions are critical factors influencing membrane fouling. This study aimed to investigate the simultaneous impacts of temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) variations on membrane fouling. Experiments were conducted at three different temperatures (18°C, 25°C, and 32°C) and HRTs (6 h, 9 h, and 15 h). The results demonstrated that increases in both temperature and HRT contributed to a reduction in membrane fouling. Additionally, a positive interaction between temperature and HRT was observed in the linear slope variation of membrane permeation, with temperature variations exerting a greater influence on membrane fouling than HRT variations. Fouling factor analysis revealed that increases in temperature and HRT led to decreased concentrations of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), particularly carbohydrates, in the activated sludge. Analyses of the cake layer of the membrane indicated that increasing temperature and HRT reduced EPS levels, particularly polysaccharides and proteins; altered primary protein structure; and increased the mean particle size distribution. Ultimately, these changes led to reductions in both reversible and irreversible hydraulic resistances. This study highlights the importance of optimizing operational parameters such as temperature and HRT to enhance membrane performance and treatment efficiency in MBR systems while mitigating fouling.

膜污染仍然是膜生物反应器（mbr）广泛实施的主要经济障碍，尽管膜生物反应器可以产生高质量的出水。操作条件是影响膜污染的关键因素。本研究旨在探讨温度和水力停留时间（HRT）变化对膜污染的影响。实验在3种不同温度（18°C、25°C和32°C）和hrt （6 h、9 h和15 h）下进行。结果表明，温度和HRT的增加都有助于减少膜污染。此外，在膜渗透的线性斜率变化中观察到温度与HRT之间的正交互作用，温度变化对膜污染的影响大于HRT变化。污染因素分析表明，温度和HRT的升高导致活性污泥中可溶性微生物产物（SMP）和细胞外聚合物（EPS）的浓度下降，尤其是碳水化合物。对膜饼层的分析表明，温度升高和HRT升高可降低EPS水平，尤其是多糖和蛋白质；初级蛋白结构改变；增大了平均粒径分布。最终，这些变化导致可逆和不可逆水力阻力的降低。该研究强调了优化操作参数的重要性，如温度和HRT，以提高膜的性能和处理效率，同时减轻MBR系统的污染。

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引用次数: 0

Reservoir water level prediction using combined CEEMDAN-FE and RUN-SVM-RBFNN machine learning algorithms 结合CEEMDAN-FE和RUN-SVM-RBFNN机器学习算法进行水库水位预测

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.01.002

Lan-ting Zhou , Guan-lin Long , Can-can Hu , Kai Zhang

Accurate prediction of water level changes in reservoirs is crucial for optimizing the operation of reservoir projects and ensuring their safety. This study proposed a method for reservoir water level prediction based on CEEMDAN-FE and RUN-SVM-RBFNN algorithms. By integrating the adaptive complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) method and fuzzy entropy (FE) with the new and highly efficient Runge–Kuta optimizer (RUN), adaptive parameter optimization for the support vector machine (SVM) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) algorithms was achieved. Regression prediction was conducted on the two reconstructed sequences using SVM and RBFNN according to their respective features. This approach improved the accuracy and stability of predictions. In terms of accuracy, the combined model outperformed single models, with the determination coefficient, root mean square error, and mean absolute error values of 0.997 5, 0.241 8 m, and 0.161 6 m, respectively. In terms of stability, the model predicted more consistently in training and testing periods, with stable overall prediction accuracy and a better adaptive ability to complex datasets. The case study demonstrated that the combined prediction model effectively addressed the environmental factors affecting reservoir water levels, leveraged the strength of each predictive method, compensated for their limitations, and clarified the impacts of environmental factors on reservoir water levels.

水库水位变化的准确预测对水库工程的优化运行和保障安全至关重要。提出了一种基于CEEMDAN-FE和RUN-SVM-RBFNN算法的水库水位预测方法。通过将自适应全集成经验模态分解方法（CEEMDAN）和模糊熵（FE）与新型高效的龙格-库塔优化器（RUN）相结合，实现了支持向量机（SVM）和径向基函数神经网络（RBFNN）算法的自适应参数优化。根据重构序列的特征，分别使用SVM和RBFNN对重构序列进行回归预测。这种方法提高了预测的准确性和稳定性。在精度方面，组合模型优于单一模型，决定系数为0.997 5，均方根误差为0.241 8 m，平均绝对误差为0.161 6 m。在稳定性方面，模型在训练和测试期间的预测更加一致，整体预测精度稳定，对复杂数据集的适应能力更好。实例研究表明，该组合预测模型有效地解决了影响水库水位的环境因素，充分发挥了各种预测方法的优势，弥补了其局限性，明确了环境因素对水库水位的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of scale effects in physical modeling of combined ogee and sharp-crested weir flow using a 3D CFD model 用三维CFD模型评价组合斜顶堰流物理建模中的尺度效应

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.11.002

James Zulfan , Bobby Minola Ginting , Ravi Anthony Tartandyo

Research on scale effects on flows over weirs has been conducted on a limited basis, primarily focusing on flows upstream of a single-type weir, such as ogee, broad-crested, and sharp-crested (linear and non-linear) weirs. However, the scale effects downstream of these single-type weirs have not been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the scale effects on flows over a combined weir system consisting of an ogee weir and a sharp-crested weir, both upstream and downstream, utilizing physical modeling at a 1:33.33 scale based on Froude similarity and three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. The sharp-crested weir in this study was represented by two sluice gates that remain closed and submerged during flood events. The experimental data confirmed that the equivalent discharge coefficients of the combined weir system behaved similarly to those of a sharp-crested weir across various H/P (where H is the total head, and P is the weir height) values. However, scale effects on the discharge rating curve due to surface tension and viscosity could only be minimized when H/P > 0.4, Re > 26 959, and We > 240 (where Re and We are the Reynolds and Weber numbers, respectively), provided that the water depth exceeded 0.042 m above the crest. Additionally, Re greater than 4 × 10⁴ was necessary to minimize scale effects caused by viscosity in flows in the spillway channel and stilling basin (with baffle blocks). The limiting criteria aligned closely with existing literature. This study offers valuable insights for practical applications in hydraulic engineering in the future.

对堰流尺度效应的研究有限，主要集中在单一类型堰的上游流量，如楔形堰、宽顶堰和尖顶堰（线性和非线性）。然而，这些单一类型堰的下游规模效应尚未得到深入的研究。本研究利用基于弗劳德相似度和三维计算流体动力学（CFD）建模的1:33.33比例的物理模型，研究了由ogee堰和尖顶堰组成的组合堰系统在上游和下游的流动规模效应。本研究中的尖顶堰由两个闸门代表，在洪水事件中保持关闭和淹没。实验数据证实，在不同的H/P （H为总水头，P为堰高）值上，组合堰系统的等效流量系数与尖顶堰系统的等效流量系数相似。然而，由于表面张力和粘度的影响，只有当H/P >；0.4, Re >；26959, We >；240 （Re和We分别为Reynolds和Weber数），条件是水深超过波峰0.042 m。此外，Re必须大于4 × 104，以最小化溢洪道通道和消力池（带挡流块）中水流粘度引起的尺度效应。限制标准与现有文献密切相关。该研究为今后在水利工程中的实际应用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Degradation of tetracycline in water using hydrogen peroxide activated by soybean residue-derived magnetic biochar 大豆渣磁性生物炭活化过氧化氢降解水中四环素的研究

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.10.001

Van-Truc Nguyen , Nguyen Duy Dat , Thi-Giang-Huong Duong , Viet-Cuong Dinh , Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo

Tetracyclines (TCs) are the second most commonly used antibiotics worldwide, utilized in medical treatments and animal husbandry. Although effective against various infectious diseases, TC residues persist in the environment and contribute to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, posing significant risks to human health. This study employed the heterogeneous Fenton process to degrade TC using soybean residue-derived magnetic biochar (Fe-SoyB) as the catalyst. The Fe-SoyB sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) techniques. The effects of key parameters, including pH, H₂O₂ concentration, catalyst dosage, and initial TC concentration, on TC degradation were investigated. The results indicated that the TC removal efficiency decreased with increasing initial TC concentration, while it was improved with higher H₂O₂ concentrations and greater catalyst dosages. The optimal conditions for the Fenton-like process were determined: a pH of 3, a H₂O₂ concentration of 245 mmol/L, an initial TC concentration of 800 mg/L, and a catalyst dosage of 0.75 g/L, achieving a removal efficiency of 90.0% after 150 min. Additionally, the TC removal efficiency of the Fe-SoyB system varied significantly across different water matrices, with 87.1% for deionized water, 78.5% for tap water, and 72.5% for river water. The catalyst demonstrated notable stability, maintaining a TC removal efficiency of 79.7% after three cycles of use. Overall, Fe-SoyB shows promise as a cost-effective catalyst for the elimination of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions.

四环素（TCs）是世界上第二大常用抗生素，用于医疗和畜牧业。虽然对各种传染病有效，但TC残留物持续存在于环境中，并导致耐抗生素病原体的出现，对人类健康构成重大风险。本研究采用非均相Fenton法，以大豆渣衍生的磁性生物炭（Fe-SoyB）为催化剂降解TC。利用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和超导量子干涉器件（SQUID）技术对Fe-SoyB样品进行了表征。考察了pH、H2O2浓度、催化剂用量、TC初始浓度等关键参数对TC降解的影响。结果表明，随着初始TC浓度的增加，TC的去除率降低，而随着H2O2浓度和催化剂用量的增加，TC的去除率提高。确定了类fenton工艺的最佳条件：pH = 3， H2O2浓度为245 mmol/L，初始TC浓度为800 mg/L，催化剂用量为0.75 g/L， 150 min后的TC去除率为90.0%。此外，Fe-SoyB体系在不同水基质中的TC去除率差异显著，去离子水为87.1%，自来水为78.5%，河水为72.5%。该催化剂表现出明显的稳定性，经过3次循环使用，仍能保持79.7%的TC去除率。总的来说，Fe-SoyB显示出作为消除水溶液中有机污染物的具有成本效益的催化剂的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Energy flow rate equation for river networks 河网的能量流量方程

IF 3.7 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.04.003

Sai-yu Yuan , Jia-wei Lin , Hong-wu Tang

Rational allocation of water flow energy in river networks is essential to addressing water-related issues in river network areas. However, current methods of calculating the spatiotemporal distribution of flow energy in river networks lack precision and efficiency. This paper introduces a novel hydrodynamic representation, the energy flow rate, defined as the product of the flow rate and kinetic energy head, to quantify the kinetic energy stored and transported in river networks. A linear equation system for the energy flow rate in a river network has been theoretically derived, enabling rapid calculations under steady flow conditions. A simplified equation is proposed to describe the exponential decay of the energy flow rate, accompanied by potential energy conversion. The coefficients in the linear equation system are determined using control equations at flow confluence and diversion nodes. This study provides foundational insights that can be used to develop new hydrodynamic modeling strategies to regulate water flow energy and achieve coordinated management of water-related issues in river networks.

合理配置河网水能是解决河网区域水问题的关键。然而，现有的河网流能时空分布计算方法缺乏精度和效率。本文引入了一种新的水动力表示，即能量流量，它被定义为流量与动能水头的乘积，用来量化河网中储存和输送的动能。从理论上推导了河网能量流量的线性方程组，实现了在定流条件下的快速计算。提出了一个简化的方程来描述能量流率的指数衰减，并伴有势能转换。线性方程组的系数由汇流和导流节点的控制方程确定。该研究为开发新的水动力学建模策略以调节水流能量和实现河网中与水有关的问题的协调管理提供了基础见解。

引用次数: 0