Water Resources and Industry最新文献_第5页

Occurrence, sources and impacts of benzotriazoles and bisphenols in water bodies within protected areas: Killarney National Park, Ireland 保护区内水体中苯并三唑和双酚的发生、来源和影响：爱尔兰基拉尼国家公园

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100309

Martyna Grzegorzek , Joanna Struk-Sokołowska , Urszula Kotowska , Agnieszka I. Olbert , Fausto A. Canales , Bartosz Kaźmierczak

Despite their protected status, national parks may serve as receptors for anthropogenic pollutants such as benzotriazoles (BTRs) and bisphenols (BPs), raising concerns about aquatic ecosystem health and public exposure. In this context, this study aims to assess the occurrence of six BTRs and ten BPs across two sampling campaigns (SCs) in the lakes and streams of Killarney National Park (KNP), Ireland, revealing spatial variation across six sampling points (SPs). A Wilcoxon test revealed no statistically significant differences between individual concentrations in the two SCs. This research utilized ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction for analytes isolation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for detection (USAEME-GC/MS) to determine BTRs and BPs concentrations in KNP's water bodies. Among the 34.4 % of occurrences above the limit of detection, BPA, 5Cl-BTR, and UV-P were consistently found across all sampling points and campaigns. Two BTRs (1H-BTR, 4Me-BTR) and five BPs (BPC, BPCl2, BPE, BPG, BPM) were below detection levels in both SCs. The maximum concentrations for BTRs reached 1.537 μg/L (5Cl-BTR, SP2, SC2). BPA concentrations peaked at 7.753 μg/L (SP6, SC2), exceeding the EU's predicted no-effect concentration for freshwater (1.5 μg/L) in six instances across the KNP samples. These findings highlight the importance of targeted monitoring and management strategies in protected areas, which align with the EU Water Framework Directive objectives. This preliminary exploration of BTRs and BPs in KNP water bodies could serve as a valuable basis and benchmark for assessing environmental quality in KNP and similar protected areas worldwide.

尽管处于受保护状态，但国家公园可能成为人为污染物的受体，如苯并三唑（BTRs）和双酚（bp），这引起了人们对水生生态系统健康和公众暴露的担忧。在此背景下，本研究旨在评估爱尔兰基拉尼国家公园（KNP）湖泊和溪流中两个采样活动（SCs）中6个btr和10个bp的发生情况，揭示6个采样点（SPs）的空间变化。Wilcoxon试验显示，两种SCs的个体浓度之间没有统计学上的显著差异。本研究采用超声辅助乳化-微萃取分离分析物，气相色谱-质谱法（USAEME-GC/MS）检测KNP水体中BTRs和BPs的浓度。在超过检测限度的34.4%的事件中，BPA、5Cl-BTR和UV-P在所有采样点和活动中都被一致发现。2种btr （1H-BTR、4Me-BTR）和5种BPs （BPC、BPCl2、BPE、BPG、BPM）在两种SCs中均低于检测水平。BTRs （5Cl-BTR、SP2、SC2）最高浓度达1.537 μg/L。在KNP的六个样本中，BPA浓度最高达到7.753 μg/L (SP6, SC2)，超过了欧盟预测的淡水无影响浓度（1.5 μg/L）。这些发现突出了保护区有针对性的监测和管理战略的重要性，这与欧盟水框架指令的目标是一致的。对KNP水体中btr和bbp的初步探索可作为评估KNP和全球类似保护区环境质量的宝贵基础和基准。

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引用次数: 0

Occurrence, removal, and ecological risk assessment of Emerging organic contaminants in an industrial WWTP 工业污水处理厂中新兴有机污染物的发生、去除和生态风险评估

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100308

Yunhai Zhang , Ruiqin Yin , Xueping Yu , Jiawei Zhou , Yong Chen , Yongjun Zhang

Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) pose significant impacts to the aquatic environment due to their persistence and toxicity. This study analyzed the occurrence of 68 EOCs in eight categories in the water phase and sludge at an industrial WWTP in China consisting of a conventional biotreatment and an advanced treatment (fiber filtration plus chlorination). The results demonstrated effective removal of pharmaceuticals (PhMs) and antibiotics (ATBs) through biotreatment (84.8 % for PhMs, 79.2 % for ATBs) and advanced treatment (78.6 % for PhMs, 64.7 % for ATBs). The total removal efficiencies of Pesticides (PEST), phthalate esters (PAEs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), and UV filters (UVFS) were 56.4 %, 22.3 %, 56.7 %, and 49.6 %, respectively. In contrast, no removal of perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFAS) (−68.5 %). Mass balance analysis revealed that OPEs, PhMs and UVFS were mainly removed through biodegradation, while ATBs were mainly removed through sludge adsorption. The study also found a correlation between the partition coefficients (LogK_d) and their octanol-water partition coefficients (logK_ow). The ecological risk quotient highlighted perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), imidacloprid (IMI), and clothianidin (CLO) as high-risk contaminants. This study reveals the combined process of secondary and advanced treatment in WWTPs can effectively remove EOCs, such as PhMs (96.7 %) and ATBs (92.6 %), providing guidance for the development of targeted technologies to mitigate the risks of EOCs.

新兴有机污染物（EOCs）由于其持久性和毒性对水生环境造成了重大影响。本研究分析了中国某工业污水处理厂水相和污泥中8类68种EOCs的发生情况，该污水处理厂由常规生物处理和深度处理（纤维过滤加氯化）组成。结果表明，生物处理（PhMs为84.8%，ATBs为79.2%）和高级处理（PhMs为78.6%，ATBs为64.7%）对药物（PhMs）和抗生素（ATBs）的有效去除。对杀虫剂（PEST）、邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）、有机磷酸酯（OPEs）和紫外线过滤器（UVFS）的总去除率分别为56.4%、22.3%、56.7%和49.6%。相比之下，全氟烷基化学品（PFAS）无去除（- 68.5%）。质量平衡分析表明，OPEs、PhMs和UVFS主要通过生物降解去除，ATBs主要通过污泥吸附去除。该研究还发现了分配系数（LogKd）与辛醇-水分配系数（logKow）之间的相关性。生态风险商强调全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、吡虫啉（IMI）和噻虫胺（CLO）是高风险污染物。研究结果表明，污水处理厂的二级和高级联合处理工艺可有效去除PhMs（96.7%）和ATBs（92.6%）等EOCs，为开发靶向技术降低EOCs风险提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Research and comparison of efficient electrochemical purification methods for bilge water using lead, aluminum, copper, and iron electrodes 铅、铝、铜、铁电极对舱底水高效电化学净化方法的研究与比较

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100306

Chin-Ko Yeh , Hsiang-Cheng Hsu

This study targets the effectiveness of electrochemical technology in treating bilge water from ships. Bilge water is complex in composition, containing seawater, freshwater, hydraulic oil, fats, oils, heavy metals, and other pollutants, posing a potential threat to the marine environment. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has strict regulations regarding the treatment and discharge of bilge water. The electrochemical treatment technology proposed in this study uses aluminum/copper electrodes, purifying the wastewater through four steps: electrochemical oxidation, reduction, coagulation, and flotation. Experimental results showed that this technology could effectively reduce the alkalinity by 75 %, lower the pH value to between 7 and 8, reduce nitrate by 78 %, and nearly completely remove free chlorine and copper concentrations within 30 min. However, the removal of sulfate was limited. Compared to traditional treatment methods, the aluminum/copper electrochemical technology offers low energy consumption, reduced chemical usage, and good environmental compatibility, aligning with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals 6 (SDGs 6), Sustainable Development Goals 12 (SDGs 12), and Sustainable Development Goals 14 (SDGs 14), making it a promising alternative for bilge water treatment.

研究了电化学技术在船舶舱底水处理中的应用效果。舱底水成分复杂，含有海水、淡水、液压油、油脂、油类、重金属等污染物，对海洋环境构成潜在威胁。国际海事组织（IMO）对舱底水的处理和排放有严格的规定。本研究提出的电化学处理技术采用铝/铜电极，通过电化学氧化、还原、混凝、浮选四个步骤对废水进行净化。实验结果表明，该工艺可有效降低75%的碱度，将pH值降至7 ~ 8之间，降低78%的硝酸盐，并在30 min内几乎完全去除游离氯和铜浓度，但硫酸盐的去除率有限。与传统处理方法相比，铝/铜电化学技术具有能耗低、化学品用量少、环境兼容性好等优点，符合联合国可持续发展目标6 （sdg 6）、可持续发展目标12 （sdg 12）和可持续发展目标14 (sdg 14)，是处理舱底水的理想选择。

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引用次数: 0

Wastewater electrolysis part 2 – Pilot reactor study for resource efficient applications in metal industry 废水电解。金属工业中资源高效应用的中试反应器研究

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100304

Lena Hahn , João Marcos Monteiro , Ulrich Kunz , Michael Sievers

Electrochemical precipitation with rotating electrodes is investigated by a two-chamber pilot reactor. While deposits from disk surface of rotating electrodes are commonly removed by wipes this pilot reactor comprises of cathodic disks with newly developed composite materials for mitigation of deposits. The cathodic and anodic chamber were used for precipitation and neutralization reactions, respectively. Original wastewater samples with a total volume of 25 m³ were treated to remove the heavy metals Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺ as hydroxides below 0.5 mgMe²⁺/L. The coupling of precipitation and neutralization with same wastewater in one system was demonstrated without addition of chemicals such as acid, base, precipitation and flocculation chemicals thus demonstrating a resource efficient treatment option for wastewater of the metal industry. The complete removal of heavy metals was ensured by proper control of pH through adjustment of power input into the electrolysis system independently of wastewater input composition.

在双室中试反应器上研究了旋转电极的电化学沉淀。虽然旋转电极圆盘表面的沉积物通常通过擦拭去除，但该中试反应器由阴极圆盘和新开发的复合材料组成，以减少沉积物。阴极室和阳极室分别用于沉淀和中和反应。对总容积为25 m3的原始废水样品进行处理，去除0.5 mgMe2+/L以下的重金属Mn2+、Ni2+、Zn2+。在不添加酸、碱、沉淀和絮凝剂等化学物质的情况下，在一个系统中对同一废水进行沉淀和中和耦合，从而展示了金属工业废水的资源高效处理选择。通过调节电解系统的输入功率来控制pH值，从而保证了重金属的完全去除，而不受污水输入成分的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Two-step double-chambered wastewater electrolysis to recover separated fractions of heavy metals and phosphate 两步双室电解废水回收重金属和磷酸盐分离馏分

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100305

Lena Hahn , João Marcos Monteiro , Ulrich Kunz , Michael Sievers

The separated recovery of heavy metals and phosphate through a two-step water electrolysis is investigated. The use of carbon-polymer composite cathode with non-sticking properties and a dimension-stable anode in two-chamber cells is investigated to treat original industrial wastewater from metal industry by minimal addition of salts to support process water recovery. The heavy metals and phosphates are precipitated as metal-hydroxides and magnesium/calcium-phosphates, respectively. For phosphate precipitation the addition of magnesium chloride, calcium oxide as well as a reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate of artificial water reservoir were investigated. The pH value in the first steps affects both the amount of heavy metals and phosphate precipitated and an optimal pH for the first step is found to increase the phosphate recovery at low heavy metal content. Moreover, the use of RO concentrate enables a chemical input free phosphate recovery.

研究了两步水电解分离回收重金属和磷酸盐的工艺。研究了在双室电池中使用具有不粘接性能的碳-聚合物复合阴极和尺寸稳定的阳极，通过少量添加盐来处理金属工业的原始工业废水，以支持工艺水的回收。重金属和磷酸盐分别以金属氢氧化物和镁/磷酸钙的形式沉淀。研究了在人工水库中加入氯化镁、氧化钙和反渗透（RO）浓缩液来沉淀磷酸盐。第一步的pH值既影响重金属的析出量，也影响磷酸盐的析出量，在重金属含量较低的情况下，第一步的最佳pH值可以提高磷酸盐的回收率。此外，使用反渗透浓缩物可以实现化学输入的无磷酸盐回收。

引用次数: 0

Introducing ultra-high-pressure low-salt-rejection reverse osmosis for energy-efficient concentration of industrial brines 介绍超高压低阻盐反渗透技术用于工业卤水的高效浓缩

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100303

Yuliya Schiesser , Christine Kleffner , Jochen Henkel , Herbert Bassek , Eric Kadaj , Angel Abajas , Gerd Braun

This study demonstrated a novel membrane-based process consisting of Ultra-High-Pressure Reverse Osmosis (UHPRO) and Ultra-High-Pressure Low-Salt Rejection Reverse Osmosis (UHP-LSRRO) at 120 bar, combined with energy recovery technology in the context of brine concentration. Basic assessment of energy demand and efficiency analysis were done based on experimental investigations using available industrial-scale equipment to facilitate accelerated industrial implementation, including the application-specific performance of the 4-inch membrane elements and the energy recovery device.

With the membrane module prototype in this study, a maximum NaCl concentration of around 170 g/L was determined while the flux remained higher than 3.5 L/m²h. A simple and robust plant design combining UHPRO and UHP-LSRRO was proposed, and the integration of energy recovery was considered. A comparative energy consumption analysis revealed that the process achieved an approximate 45 % reduction in energy demand relative to Mechanical Vapor Compression (MVC) systems when concentrating sodium chloride solutions from initial concentrations of 65 g/L to final concentrations of 300 g/L.

本研究展示了一种新的膜基工艺，该工艺由120 bar的超高压反渗透（UHPRO）和超高压低阻盐反渗透（UHP-LSRRO）组成，并结合盐水浓度背景下的能量回收技术。利用现有的工业规模设备，包括4英寸膜元件和能量回收装置的特定应用性能，进行了基本的能源需求评估和效率分析，以促进加速工业实施。利用本研究的膜组件原型，测定了最大NaCl浓度在170 g/L左右，通量保持在3.5 L/m2h以上。提出了一种结合UHPRO和UHP-LSRRO的简单鲁棒装置设计，并考虑了能量回收的集成。一项能源消耗对比分析显示，当氯化钠溶液从初始浓度65 g/L浓缩到最终浓度300 g/L时，该工艺相对于机械蒸汽压缩（MVC）系统实现了约45%的能源需求减少。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating textile wastewater treatment by electro-Fenton method with Fe-MIL-88(A) catalyst composited with graphene oxide 研究了氧化石墨烯复合Fe-MIL-88(A)催化剂处理纺织废水的电fenton法

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100302

Farzane Esmaili , Hasti Hasheminejad , Kimia Zarean Mousaabadi

The textile sector is one of the most complex industries that has significant problems due to the high toxicity and non-biodegradable properties of its dyes. Pollutants in this industry are a threat to living organisms and the environment, so their purification is of great importance. Recently, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been more effective than other methods of treating this wastewater. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the synthesis of MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO for the removal of organic substances from textile wastewater using the electro-Fenton method.

MIL-88(A) nanorods were first synthesized by hydrothermal method and embedded in graphene oxide (GO) substrate. Then, the synthesized composite was examined through spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, all analyses showed the correct formation of MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO structure. In each experiment, the value of the current density and the distance of the electrodes were considered equal to 9 Am⁻² and 1 cm, respectively. The response surface method (RSM) was utilized to optimize parameters such as pH, time, the quantity of MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO composite, and the concentration of Na₂S₂O₈ oxidant. The optimal conditions for conducting the test are pH 5, duration of 60 minutes, MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO composite concentration of 0.61 g/L, and oxidizer concentration of 0.017 M. According to the obtained optimal values, COD removal efficiency from textile factory wastewater is statistically and experimentally equal to 76.5 % and 78 %, respectively. The results of the electro-Fenton process demonstrated the promising efficiency of the MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO composite with environmentally friendly titanium and graphite electrodes, surpassing previous studies in accelerating the purification process.

纺织行业是最复杂的行业之一，由于其染料的高毒性和不可生物降解性而存在重大问题。该行业的污染物对生物和环境构成威胁，因此对其进行净化具有重要意义。近年来，深度氧化法（AOPs）比其他方法更有效地处理该废水。因此，本研究的重点是利用电fenton法合成MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO去除纺织废水中的有机物。首先采用水热法合成MIL-88A(A)纳米棒，并将其嵌入氧化石墨烯（GO）衬底中。然后，通过光谱和显微技术对合成的复合材料进行了检测，所有分析都表明MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO结构正确形成。在每个实验中，电流密度的值和电极之间的距离分别为9 Am−2和1 cm。采用响应面法（RSM）对pH、时间、MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO复合材料用量、Na2S2O8氧化剂浓度等参数进行优化。试验的最佳条件为pH为5，持续时间为60 min， MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO复合浓度为0.61 g/L，氧化剂浓度为0.017 m。根据所得到的最优值，对纺织厂废水的COD去除率在统计上和实验上分别为76.5%和78%。电fenton工艺的结果表明，具有环保钛和石墨电极的MIL-88A(Fe)/rGO复合材料具有良好的效率，在加速净化过程方面超越了先前的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Opportunities for iron and steel industrial wastewater treatment and reuse in the United States 美国钢铁工业废水处理和回用的机遇

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100298

Naushita Sharma, Paul Lemar, Sachin Nimbalkar

Concerns around water security in the United States have heightened the interest in industrial water treatment and reuse to improve water efficiency and operational reliability. Alongside nationwide efforts to expand industrial capacity, primary manufacturing sectors are adopting more resource-efficient technologies. This transition is expected to shift industrial water consumption patterns, driving the need for improved treatment and reuse practices. This study investigates opportunities for water use, treatment, and reuse in the iron and steel sector through a review of academic and industry literature and interviews with industry representatives. It identifies key challenges in water and wastewater management and outlines the conditions under which innovative treatment technologies could be deployed. Based on these insights, the study presents a practical water management action plan. Furthermore, it assesses water quality targets across different process operations, evaluates existing treatment technologies, and highlights challenges and opportunities for improvement relative to future performance expectations. Although water is often perceived as a low-cost commodity, industry feedback suggests that improvements in water use and treatment efficiency are typically prioritized only when they also reduce energy use, carbon emissions, or costs. This study advocates for a direct two-way partnership between industry and research audiences to bring their attention toward sustainable industrial water use, treatment, and reuse.

在美国，对水安全的关注提高了人们对工业水处理和再利用的兴趣，以提高水的效率和运行可靠性。随着全国范围内扩大工业产能的努力，初级制造业正在采用更多的资源节约型技术。这种转变预计将改变工业用水模式，推动对改进处理和再利用做法的需求。本研究通过对学术和行业文献的回顾以及对行业代表的访谈，调查了钢铁行业用水、处理和再利用的机会。它确定了水和废水管理方面的主要挑战，并概述了可以部署创新处理技术的条件。基于这些见解，本研究提出了切实可行的水管理行动计划。此外，它评估了不同工艺操作的水质目标，评估了现有的处理技术，并强调了相对于未来性能预期的挑战和改进机会。虽然水通常被认为是一种低成本商品，但行业反馈表明，只有在减少能源使用、碳排放或成本的情况下，水的使用和处理效率的改善通常才会得到优先考虑。本研究提倡工业界和研究对象之间建立直接的双向伙伴关系，以引起他们对可持续工业用水、处理和再利用的关注。

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引用次数: 0

A novel chitosan sorbent enriched with nickel ions: An effective approach for eliminating excess phosphate(V) anions in water 新型壳聚糖富集镍离子吸附剂：去除水中多余磷酸(V)阴离子的有效方法

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100301

Łukasz Wujcicki , Tomasz Mańdok , Dominika Paprota , Dawid Sapia , Gabriela Dudek , Klaudiusz Gołombek , Joanna Kluczka

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for living beings. Unfortunately, high phosphate(V) levels can lead to eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. One promising technique for removing phosphate(V) contamination is sorption, which uses various sorbents. In particular, chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, has gained special attention due to its excellent sorption properties, biocompatibility, and ease of modification. This study proposes a new sorbent, a chitosan-based hydrogel modified with nickel ions (Cs-Ni), for effectively sorbing phosphate(V) anions from both model and natural waters. The maximum sorption capacity of phosphates(V) by the Cs-Ni hydrogel calculated by the Langmuir model was 62.5 mg/g, which was much higher compared to the unmodified chitosan-based hydrogel. The phosphates(V) sorption rate by Cs-Ni hydrogel was best explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which established the time to reach equilibrium as 24 h. Phosphates(V) desorption to 95 % efficiency was achieved using a 0.1 M NaOH solution. Multi-cycle sorption and desorption studies showed that the Cs-Ni hydrogel can be reused at least five times without any loss of nickel(II) ions from the structure of the sorbent. Most coexisting anions in natural waters had a minor impact on phosphate(V) removal by the Cs-Ni hydrogel, with the exception of sulfate(VI), which reduced the phosphorus removal efficiency by ∼50 %. Modification of chitosan with nickel(II) significantly enhanced its properties for both physical and chemical sorption of phosphate(V) anions. The hydrogel beads’ design allows for easy solid-phase separation from the purified water, making the Cs-Ni hydrogel advantageous for removing phosphates(V) from real aqueous systems.

磷是生物必需的营养物质。不幸的是，高磷(V)水平会导致水生生态系统富营养化。一种很有前途的去除磷酸盐(V)污染的技术是吸附，它使用各种吸附剂。壳聚糖是一种天然多糖，因其优良的吸附性能、生物相容性和易于改性而受到人们的特别关注。本研究提出了一种新的吸附剂，一种基于壳聚糖的镍离子（Cs-Ni）改性水凝胶，可以有效地从模型和自然水中吸收磷酸盐(V)阴离子。Langmuir模型计算出Cs-Ni水凝胶对磷酸盐的最大吸附量(V)为62.5 mg/g，远高于未改性壳聚糖基水凝胶。Cs-Ni水凝胶对磷酸盐(V)的吸附速率最好用拟二级动力学模型来解释，该模型确定了达到平衡的时间为24 h。在0.1 M NaOH溶液中，磷酸盐(V)的解吸效率达到95%。多循环吸附和解吸研究表明，Cs-Ni水凝胶可以重复使用至少5次，而不会从吸附剂的结构中损失镍（II）离子。天然水中共存的大多数阴离子对Cs-Ni水凝胶去除磷酸盐(V)的影响较小，但硫酸盐（VI）除外，它使除磷效率降低了约50%。对壳聚糖进行镍（II）改性后，壳聚糖对磷酸(V)阴离子的物理吸附和化学吸附性能显著提高。水凝胶珠的设计使纯化水易于固相分离，使Cs-Ni水凝胶有利于从实际水系统中去除磷酸盐(V)。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the environmental impact of wastewater leakage: A case study on grey water and carbon footprints in wastewater collection networks 污水泄漏的环境影响评估：以污水收集网络中水灰和碳足迹为例

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100300

Keivan Arastou , Mohamadreza Najarzadegan , Mehrtash Eskandaripour

This study examines the dynamics of mixed industrial and municipal wastewater (MWW) flows in industrial and municipal settings from February 2023 to January 2024. During the study period, total freshwater consumption averaged 85,228 m³/month, with 78 % (66,269 m³/month) converted into MWW. Of this volume, 25 % (16,758 m³/month) was lost due to leakage in the wastewater collection network (WWCN), while the remaining 75 % (49,511 m³/month) reached the discharge stage. The analysis of pollutants indicated that COD was the predominant pollutant across all sampling points, with concentrations of 953.3 mg/L in MWW compared to 1.8 mg/L in freshwater, demonstrating significant contamination. The grey water footprint (GWF) assessment identified COD as the critical pollutant, with peak values reaching 1,260,468 m³/month for generated MWW and 316,449 m³/month for leakage MWW, followed by phosphate (PO₄) contributions. The carbon footprint (CF) assessment estimated that WWCN energy consumption led to emissions of 34,898 kg CO₂/month (0.53 kg-CO₂/m³ MWW). Leakage exacerbated environmental impacts by increasing pollution loads and wasting energy, as untreated MWW bypassed treatment processes. These findings highlight the urgency of mitigating leakage and optimizing MWW management to minimize environmental impacts. Targeted interventions can improve the sustainability of MWW infrastructure and enhance resource efficiency.

本研究考察了2023年2月至2024年1月在工业和城市环境中混合工业和城市污水（MWW）流动的动态。在研究期间，淡水总消耗量平均为85,228 m3/月，其中78% （66269 m3/月）转化为兆瓦。其中25%（16,758立方米/月）由于污水收集网络（WWCN）的泄漏而损失，而其余75%（49,511立方米/月）进入排放阶段。污染物分析表明，COD是所有采样点的主要污染物，MWW中的浓度为953.3 mg/L，而淡水中的浓度为1.8 mg/L，表明污染严重。灰水足迹（GWF）评价确定COD为关键污染物，产生MWW的峰值为1,260,468 m3/月，泄漏MWW的峰值为316,449 m3/月，其次是磷酸盐（PO4）的贡献。碳足迹（CF）评估估计WWCN能源消耗导致排放34,898 kg CO2/月（0.53 kg-CO2/m3 MWW）。由于未经处理的MWW绕过了处理过程，泄漏增加了污染负荷，浪费了能源，从而加剧了环境影响。这些发现强调了减少泄漏和优化MWW管理以最大限度地减少环境影响的紧迫性。有针对性的干预措施可以改善MWW基础设施的可持续性，提高资源效率。

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引用次数: 0