Legionnaires' disease is caused by Legionella (L.) pneumophila. Inhaling aerosolized water containing this bacteria is the most common transmission route. Shower heads used in the catering industry's dishwashing units are also potential amplifying systems for bacteria and possible sources of infection by generating droplets and aerosols. Therefore, these systems should not contain pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to monitor the microbial quality, Legionnaires' disease risk and L. pneumophila presence in tap water samples from the water outlet of the shower‐type dishwashing unit of mass catering establishments for a year. Seventy‐two tap water samples were microbiologically tested for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform, Escherichia (E.) coli and L. pneumophila. DNA was isolated from L. pneumophila‐positive samples, and their serogroup was characterized by real‐time PCR. The correlation between seasonal variation and prevalence of L. pneumophila serogroup and L. pneumophila and other indicator bacteria were statistically tested by Spearman rank test (p < 0.05). Findings showed that 17 (24%) samples had microbial growth, 14 (19.4%) were positive for L. pneumophila and 13 isolates were characterized as L. pneumophila serogroup 1. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between seasonal variation (p = 0.491) and L. pneumophila and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform and E. coli (p = 0.923). Overall, Legionella spp. is an essential indicator of the microbial quality in the tap water from mass catering establishments and should be regularly monitored for public health independently from seasonal variation and other indicator bacteria.
{"title":"Long‐term monitoring of the microbial quality and Legionnaires' disease risk in tap water from mass catering establishments","authors":"Murat Ay","doi":"10.1111/wej.12899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12899","url":null,"abstract":"Legionnaires' disease is caused by Legionella (L.) pneumophila. Inhaling aerosolized water containing this bacteria is the most common transmission route. Shower heads used in the catering industry's dishwashing units are also potential amplifying systems for bacteria and possible sources of infection by generating droplets and aerosols. Therefore, these systems should not contain pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to monitor the microbial quality, Legionnaires' disease risk and L. pneumophila presence in tap water samples from the water outlet of the shower‐type dishwashing unit of mass catering establishments for a year. Seventy‐two tap water samples were microbiologically tested for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform, Escherichia (E.) coli and L. pneumophila. DNA was isolated from L. pneumophila‐positive samples, and their serogroup was characterized by real‐time PCR. The correlation between seasonal variation and prevalence of L. pneumophila serogroup and L. pneumophila and other indicator bacteria were statistically tested by Spearman rank test (p < 0.05). Findings showed that 17 (24%) samples had microbial growth, 14 (19.4%) were positive for L. pneumophila and 13 isolates were characterized as L. pneumophila serogroup 1. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between seasonal variation (p = 0.491) and L. pneumophila and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform and E. coli (p = 0.923). Overall, Legionella spp. is an essential indicator of the microbial quality in the tap water from mass catering establishments and should be regularly monitored for public health independently from seasonal variation and other indicator bacteria.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45516807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitra Ebrahimi Gardeshi, Hamed Arab, Alae Benguit, P. Drogui
To ensure road safety during winter, it is necessary to use de‐icing salts. However, the detrimental effects of these salts on aquatic ecosystems, vegetation, lakes, ground and surface water, and soils have become a major concern in recent years. This review aims to discuss the adverse environmental impact of using de‐icing salts on the environment and explore current conventional methods used for managing and treating runoff water. Additionally, desalination techniques in terms of their effectiveness and energy requirements have been discussed. By comparing energy costs and considering the salinity levels of runoff water containing de‐icing salts, electrodialysis as a potential technique is introduced to be combined with conventional approaches for removing and recovering salt from runoff water loaded from road de‐icing salt.
{"title":"Runoff water loaded with road de‐icing salts: Occurrence, environmental impact and treatment processes","authors":"Mitra Ebrahimi Gardeshi, Hamed Arab, Alae Benguit, P. Drogui","doi":"10.1111/wej.12897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12897","url":null,"abstract":"To ensure road safety during winter, it is necessary to use de‐icing salts. However, the detrimental effects of these salts on aquatic ecosystems, vegetation, lakes, ground and surface water, and soils have become a major concern in recent years. This review aims to discuss the adverse environmental impact of using de‐icing salts on the environment and explore current conventional methods used for managing and treating runoff water. Additionally, desalination techniques in terms of their effectiveness and energy requirements have been discussed. By comparing energy costs and considering the salinity levels of runoff water containing de‐icing salts, electrodialysis as a potential technique is introduced to be combined with conventional approaches for removing and recovering salt from runoff water loaded from road de‐icing salt.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47963356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Huo, Mei Yang, Mengyue Lei, Peng Wu, Xiaohe Tian, Tingzhang Yang, Zhaowen Wang, Yan Mao
The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is an important agricultural and industrial region in China, yet its water resources have been increasingly affected by shortages and pollution due to human activities and the impact of climate change. This has resulted in severe damage to the water ecosystem in the YRD, thereby necessitating the adoption of effective legal measures to safeguard these resources. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent research findings on water resources and water ecology in the YRD. Specifically, it summarizes the changes and characteristics of the geographical distribution, quantity and quality of water resources in the region and analyzes the effects of climate change, economic development and population growth on water resources. In light of the vulnerability and risks to the water resources and ecosystems in this area, this paper evaluates the impact of human activities on regional water security and proposes strategies for the sustainable utilization of water resources and the protection of public health. The insights and measures presented in this paper provide valuable guidance and references for water resource management and environmental protection in the YRD.
{"title":"Advancements in water and ecological risk assessment in the Yellow River Delta, North China: Implications for legal frameworks in environmental protection and public health","authors":"Yifan Huo, Mei Yang, Mengyue Lei, Peng Wu, Xiaohe Tian, Tingzhang Yang, Zhaowen Wang, Yan Mao","doi":"10.1111/wej.12895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12895","url":null,"abstract":"The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is an important agricultural and industrial region in China, yet its water resources have been increasingly affected by shortages and pollution due to human activities and the impact of climate change. This has resulted in severe damage to the water ecosystem in the YRD, thereby necessitating the adoption of effective legal measures to safeguard these resources. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent research findings on water resources and water ecology in the YRD. Specifically, it summarizes the changes and characteristics of the geographical distribution, quantity and quality of water resources in the region and analyzes the effects of climate change, economic development and population growth on water resources. In light of the vulnerability and risks to the water resources and ecosystems in this area, this paper evaluates the impact of human activities on regional water security and proposes strategies for the sustainable utilization of water resources and the protection of public health. The insights and measures presented in this paper provide valuable guidance and references for water resource management and environmental protection in the YRD.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42272172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaoyi Wang, Jiawei Wu, Cai Peifu, Chen Cong, Shenghua Ye, Jianqiang Xu, Chen Liang, Xiaoyong Luo, Wei Jun
Vertical barrier technique is an ideal candidate for site contamination control. In practical application, the characteristic of vertical cut‐off wall is heterogeneous with permeability decreases with depth due to the increasing geostatic stress. In this study, a numerical model was established considering the coupling effect of groundwater flow and contaminant transport considering depth dependent permeability. The results showed that a heterogeneous barrier with variable permeability can reduce the breakthrough time by 63.7% compared to a fixed permeability barrier. The contaminant concentration inside the wall was up to 10 times higher than outside. Shallow leakage occurs where the horizontal migration is dominated by advection. The distribution of pore‐water pressure in the system after the installation of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) membranes significantly reduced the shallow convective effect by reducing up to 90% pore‐water pressure. Reinforcing the vertical barrier wall using HDPE membrane can effectively prevent the shallow leakage caused by the heterogeneity.
{"title":"Modelling of contaminant transport in heterogeneous vertical barrier","authors":"Shaoyi Wang, Jiawei Wu, Cai Peifu, Chen Cong, Shenghua Ye, Jianqiang Xu, Chen Liang, Xiaoyong Luo, Wei Jun","doi":"10.1111/wej.12896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12896","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical barrier technique is an ideal candidate for site contamination control. In practical application, the characteristic of vertical cut‐off wall is heterogeneous with permeability decreases with depth due to the increasing geostatic stress. In this study, a numerical model was established considering the coupling effect of groundwater flow and contaminant transport considering depth dependent permeability. The results showed that a heterogeneous barrier with variable permeability can reduce the breakthrough time by 63.7% compared to a fixed permeability barrier. The contaminant concentration inside the wall was up to 10 times higher than outside. Shallow leakage occurs where the horizontal migration is dominated by advection. The distribution of pore‐water pressure in the system after the installation of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) membranes significantly reduced the shallow convective effect by reducing up to 90% pore‐water pressure. Reinforcing the vertical barrier wall using HDPE membrane can effectively prevent the shallow leakage caused by the heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48919375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Volume 37 Issue 3","authors":"Pedro A. García Encina","doi":"10.1111/wej.12894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41932224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drainage models: An evaluation of their applicability for the design of drainage systems in arid regions","authors":"Murad Ellafi, R. Simmons, L. Deeks","doi":"10.1111/wej.12893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46690301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arezoo Dahesh, R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, AmirReza Tajally, Aseman Erfani‐Jazi, Milad Babazadeh‐Behestani
{"title":"Classification of water subscribers by machine learning algorithms","authors":"Arezoo Dahesh, R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, AmirReza Tajally, Aseman Erfani‐Jazi, Milad Babazadeh‐Behestani","doi":"10.1111/wej.12892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12892","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41929483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developments and expansions of a suite of trickling filters models","authors":"Peter Pearce","doi":"10.1111/wej.12888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42632147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Rathna, JagadeeshBabu PonnanEttiyappan, D. Sudhakar
In this article, the rational design of a physically coated TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐polyaniline photocatalytic membrane (hierarchical) reactor for the efficient reduction of chromium (VI) under visible light is discussed. The incorporation of TiO2‐WO3 in the polyaniline (PANI) membrane provides excellent hydrophilicity and high photo‐corrosion resistance and facilitates the rapid permeation of water with a flux rate of 12 L/m2 h and higher Cr (VI) reduction. The exposure of bare PANI membranes in Cr (VI) solution leads to over‐oxidation of PANI membrane and eventually leads to the destruction of the membrane. The hierarchical photocatalytic coating improves the lifetime of the membrane by blocking it from deprotonation. The photocatalytic membrane could offer 79.30% Cr (VI) reduction under visible light irradiation in a photocatalytic membrane reactor. After several reduction cycles, the membrane showed good self‐cleaning ability. The present work suggests that TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐coated PANI hierarchical membrane is a promising approach for the reduction and removal of Cr (VI) from wastewater.
{"title":"TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐polyaniline hierarchical membrane for efficient removal of chromium in a photocatalytic membrane reactor","authors":"T. Rathna, JagadeeshBabu PonnanEttiyappan, D. Sudhakar","doi":"10.1111/wej.12890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12890","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the rational design of a physically coated TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐polyaniline photocatalytic membrane (hierarchical) reactor for the efficient reduction of chromium (VI) under visible light is discussed. The incorporation of TiO2‐WO3 in the polyaniline (PANI) membrane provides excellent hydrophilicity and high photo‐corrosion resistance and facilitates the rapid permeation of water with a flux rate of 12 L/m2 h and higher Cr (VI) reduction. The exposure of bare PANI membranes in Cr (VI) solution leads to over‐oxidation of PANI membrane and eventually leads to the destruction of the membrane. The hierarchical photocatalytic coating improves the lifetime of the membrane by blocking it from deprotonation. The photocatalytic membrane could offer 79.30% Cr (VI) reduction under visible light irradiation in a photocatalytic membrane reactor. After several reduction cycles, the membrane showed good self‐cleaning ability. The present work suggests that TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐coated PANI hierarchical membrane is a promising approach for the reduction and removal of Cr (VI) from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42381268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A facile method was used to synthesize amorphous potassium ferricyanide (PF)@ZIF‐67 nanocages, a novel metal–organic framework derivative. The structure, composition and morphology of PF@ZIF‐67 were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that PF@ZIF‐67 nanoparticles were successfully prepared and its nanostructure has high crystallinity. The prepared materials were employed as heterogeneous persulfate catalysts for the degradation of levofloxacin (LEV). The effects of some key parameters including sodium persulfate (PS) dosage, PF@ZIF‐67, initial solution pH and reaction time on LEV degradation were investigated. PF@ZIF‐67 showed higher catalytic capacity for LEV degradation compared to ZIF‐67, implying the iron‐cobalt synergy in the material. Under the optimized conditions of 8.4‐mM PS, 0.5 g/L PF@ZIF‐67 at an initial solution pH of 7.2, 85.8% of LEV could be removed within 240 min. The quenching experiments suggest that sulfate radicals were the predominant reactive species.
{"title":"Enhanced catalytic levofloxacin degradation via persulfate activation over amorphous potassium ferricyanide@ZIF‐67 nanocages","authors":"M. Wang, Zhanmeng Liu","doi":"10.1111/wej.12887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12887","url":null,"abstract":"A facile method was used to synthesize amorphous potassium ferricyanide (PF)@ZIF‐67 nanocages, a novel metal–organic framework derivative. The structure, composition and morphology of PF@ZIF‐67 were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that PF@ZIF‐67 nanoparticles were successfully prepared and its nanostructure has high crystallinity. The prepared materials were employed as heterogeneous persulfate catalysts for the degradation of levofloxacin (LEV). The effects of some key parameters including sodium persulfate (PS) dosage, PF@ZIF‐67, initial solution pH and reaction time on LEV degradation were investigated. PF@ZIF‐67 showed higher catalytic capacity for LEV degradation compared to ZIF‐67, implying the iron‐cobalt synergy in the material. Under the optimized conditions of 8.4‐mM PS, 0.5 g/L PF@ZIF‐67 at an initial solution pH of 7.2, 85.8% of LEV could be removed within 240 min. The quenching experiments suggest that sulfate radicals were the predominant reactive species.","PeriodicalId":23753,"journal":{"name":"Water and Environment Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47607835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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