Hematological tumors are common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Most patients with hematological malignancies develop sleep disorders that seriously affect their life and health because of acute onset of disease, rapid progression, high recurrence rates, complex treatment methods, and treatment costs.
{"title":"Resilience provides mediating effect of resilience between fear of progression and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies.","authors":"Yuan Tian, Ying-Li Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.541","url":null,"abstract":"Hematological tumors are common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Most patients with hematological malignancies develop sleep disorders that seriously affect their life and health because of acute onset of disease, rapid progression, high recurrence rates, complex treatment methods, and treatment costs.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), a bioactive compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, has shown potential neuroprotective effects; however, the mechanisms underlying such a function remain unclear. AIM To investigate potential Tan-IIA neuroprotective effects in AD and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized to analyze structural brain tissue morphology. To assess changes in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Additionally, the effect of Tan-IIA on AD cell models was evaluated in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Genetic changes related to the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1)/microRNA (miRNA, miR)-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis were assessed through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In vivo, Tan-IIA treatment improved neuronal morphology and attenuated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain tissue of AD mice. In vitro experiments showed that Tan-IIA dose-dependently ameliorated the amyloid-beta 1-42-induced reduction of neural stem cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In this process, the lncRNA NEAT1 - a potential therapeutic target - is highly expressed in AD mice and downregulated via Tan-IIA treatment. Mechanistically, NEAT1 promotes the transcription and translation of Rab22a via miR-291a-3p, which activates nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling, leading to activation of the pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein and inhibition of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 protein, which exacerbates AD. Tan-IIA intervention effectively blocked this process by inhibiting the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a axis and NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Tan-IIA exerts neuroprotective effects in AD by modulating the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a/NF-κB signaling pathway, serving as a foundation for the development of innovative approaches for AD therapy.
背景阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种以氧化应激和神经炎症为特征的神经退行性疾病。丹参酮 IIA（Tan-IIA）是从丹参植物中分离出来的一种生物活性化合物，它具有潜在的神经保护作用；然而，这种作用的机制仍不清楚。目的 研究Tan-IIA对AD的潜在神经保护作用，并阐明其潜在机制。方法 采用苏木精和伊红染色法分析脑组织结构形态。为了评估氧化应激和神经炎症的变化，我们进行了酶联免疫吸附试验和免疫印迹。此外，我们还使用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑试验在体外评估了Tan-IIA对AD细胞模型的影响。通过反转录定量聚合酶链反应评估了与长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）核富集丰转录本 1（NEAT1）/微 RNA（miRNA，miR）-291a-3p/RAS 癌基因家族成员 Rab22a 轴相关的遗传变化。结果 在体内，Tan-IIA 治疗改善了 AD 小鼠脑组织中神经元的形态，减轻了氧化应激和神经炎症。体外实验表明，Tan-IIA剂量依赖性地改善了淀粉样β1-42诱导的神经干细胞活力下降、细胞凋亡、氧化应激和神经炎症。在这一过程中，lncRNA NEAT1--一个潜在的治疗靶点--在AD小鼠中高度表达，并通过Tan-IIA治疗被下调。从机理上讲，NEAT1通过miR-291a-3p促进Rab22a的转录和翻译，从而激活核因子卡巴-B（NF-κB）信号传导，导致促凋亡B细胞淋巴瘤2相关X蛋白的激活和抗凋亡B细胞淋巴瘤2蛋白的抑制，从而加剧AD。Tan-IIA 通过抑制 NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a 轴和 NF-κB 信号转导，有效地阻止了这一过程。结论 本研究表明，Tan-IIA 可通过调节 NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a/NF-κB 信号通路对 AD 发挥神经保护作用，为开发治疗 AD 的创新方法奠定了基础。
{"title":"Tanshinone IIA improves Alzheimer’s disease via RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1/microRNA-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis","authors":"Longxiu Yang, Man Luo, Sheng-Yu Li","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.563","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), a bioactive compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, has shown potential neuroprotective effects; however, the mechanisms underlying such a function remain unclear. AIM To investigate potential Tan-IIA neuroprotective effects in AD and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized to analyze structural brain tissue morphology. To assess changes in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Additionally, the effect of Tan-IIA on AD cell models was evaluated in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Genetic changes related to the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1)/microRNA (miRNA, miR)-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis were assessed through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In vivo, Tan-IIA treatment improved neuronal morphology and attenuated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain tissue of AD mice. In vitro experiments showed that Tan-IIA dose-dependently ameliorated the amyloid-beta 1-42-induced reduction of neural stem cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In this process, the lncRNA NEAT1 - a potential therapeutic target - is highly expressed in AD mice and downregulated via Tan-IIA treatment. Mechanistically, NEAT1 promotes the transcription and translation of Rab22a via miR-291a-3p, which activates nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling, leading to activation of the pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein and inhibition of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 protein, which exacerbates AD. Tan-IIA intervention effectively blocked this process by inhibiting the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a axis and NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Tan-IIA exerts neuroprotective effects in AD by modulating the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a/NF-κB signaling pathway, serving as a foundation for the development of innovative approaches for AD therapy.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140683705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Xin, Fu-Cai Lin, Chen Huang, Bin He, Ya-Ling Yan, Shuo Wang, Guang-Ming Zhang, Rui Li
BACKGROUND This study employs a descriptive phenomenological approach to investigate the challenges anesthesia nurses face in managing emergence delirium (ED), a common and complex postoperative complication in the post-anesthesia care unit. The role of nurses in managing ED is critical, yet research on their understanding and management strategies for ED is lacking. AIM To investigate anesthetic nurses’ cognition and management experiences of ED in hopes of developing a standardized management protocol. METHODS This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach from qualitative research methodologies. Purposeful sampling was utilized to select 12 anesthetic nurses from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai as research subjects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were organized and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method, from which the final themes were extracted. RESULTS After analyzing the interview content, four main themes and eight subthemes were distilled: Inefficient cognition hinders the identification of ED (conceptual ambiguity, empirical identification), managing diversity and challenges (patient-centered safe care, low level of medical-nursing collaboration), work responsibilities and pressure coexist (heavy work responsibilities, occupational risks and stress), demand for high-quality management (expecting the construction of predictive assessment tools and prevention strategies, and pursuing standardized management processes to enhance management effectiveness). CONCLUSION Nursing managers should prioritize the needs and suggestions of nurses in order to enhance their nursing capabilities and provide guidance for standardized management processes.
背景 本研究采用描述性现象学方法，调查麻醉护士在管理谵妄（ED）时所面临的挑战，谵妄是麻醉后护理病房常见且复杂的术后并发症。护士在管理 ED 方面扮演着至关重要的角色，但有关她们对 ED 的理解和管理策略的研究却十分缺乏。目的 调查麻醉护士对 ED 的认知和管理经验，以制定标准化的管理方案。方法 本研究采用了定性研究方法中的描述性现象学方法。通过有目的的抽样，从上海某三级甲等医院选取了 12 名麻醉护士作为研究对象。研究人员进行了半结构式访谈，并采用 Colaizzi 的七步分析法对数据进行整理和分析，从中提取出最终主题。结果 对访谈内容进行分析后，提炼出四个主主题和八个次主题：认知效率低阻碍了对 ED 的识别（概念模糊、经验识别）、管理多样性与挑战（以患者为中心的安全护理、医护合作水平低）、工作责任与压力并存（工作责任重、职业风险与压力）、对高质量管理的需求（期望构建预测性评估工具和预防策略、追求标准化管理流程以提高管理成效）。结论 护理管理者应优先考虑护士的需求和建议，以提升护士的护理能力，为规范化管理流程提供指导。
{"title":"Nurse anesthetists’ perceptions and experiences of managing emergence delirium: A qualitative study","authors":"Yi Xin, Fu-Cai Lin, Chen Huang, Bin He, Ya-Ling Yan, Shuo Wang, Guang-Ming Zhang, Rui Li","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.553","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND This study employs a descriptive phenomenological approach to investigate the challenges anesthesia nurses face in managing emergence delirium (ED), a common and complex postoperative complication in the post-anesthesia care unit. The role of nurses in managing ED is critical, yet research on their understanding and management strategies for ED is lacking. AIM To investigate anesthetic nurses’ cognition and management experiences of ED in hopes of developing a standardized management protocol. METHODS This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach from qualitative research methodologies. Purposeful sampling was utilized to select 12 anesthetic nurses from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai as research subjects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were organized and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method, from which the final themes were extracted. RESULTS After analyzing the interview content, four main themes and eight subthemes were distilled: Inefficient cognition hinders the identification of ED (conceptual ambiguity, empirical identification), managing diversity and challenges (patient-centered safe care, low level of medical-nursing collaboration), work responsibilities and pressure coexist (heavy work responsibilities, occupational risks and stress), demand for high-quality management (expecting the construction of predictive assessment tools and prevention strategies, and pursuing standardized management processes to enhance management effectiveness). CONCLUSION Nursing managers should prioritize the needs and suggestions of nurses in order to enhance their nursing capabilities and provide guidance for standardized management processes.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140685670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edison Iglesias de Oliveira Vidal, Luiz Fernando Alvarenga Ribeiro, Marco Antonio de Carvalho-Filho, Fernanda Bono Fukushima
The high rates of depression, burnout, and increased risk of suicide among medical students, residents, and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession. We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals. Additionally, we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital, such as resilience, flexibility of mind, and learning skills, while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy, compassion, self-awareness, conflict resolution, and relational abilities. Importantly, the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years, and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula. While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field, we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum, spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.
{"title":"Mindfulness training in medical education as a means to improve resilience, empathy, and mental health in the medical profession.","authors":"Edison Iglesias de Oliveira Vidal, Luiz Fernando Alvarenga Ribeiro, Marco Antonio de Carvalho-Filho, Fernanda Bono Fukushima","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.489","url":null,"abstract":"The high rates of depression, burnout, and increased risk of suicide among medical students, residents, and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession. We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals. Additionally, we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital, such as resilience, flexibility of mind, and learning skills, while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy, compassion, self-awareness, conflict resolution, and relational abilities. Importantly, the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years, and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula. While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field, we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum, spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bronchial asthma is closely related to the occurrence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, which can easily have adverse effects on children's learning and social interactions. Studies have shown that childhood asthma can increase the risk of ADHD and the core symptoms of ADHD. Compared with children with ADHD alone, children with asthma and ADHD are more likely to show high levels of hyperactivity, hyperactive-impulsive and other externalizing behaviors and anxiety in clinical practice and have more symptoms of somatization and emotional internalization.
{"title":"Clarifying the relationship and analyzing the influential factors of bronchial asthma in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Gui-Xia Wang, Xiao-Ying Xu, Xi-Qing Wu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.513","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchial asthma is closely related to the occurrence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, which can easily have adverse effects on children's learning and social interactions. Studies have shown that childhood asthma can increase the risk of ADHD and the core symptoms of ADHD. Compared with children with ADHD alone, children with asthma and ADHD are more likely to show high levels of hyperactivity, hyperactive-impulsive and other externalizing behaviors and anxiety in clinical practice and have more symptoms of somatization and emotional internalization.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide. Rapid changes in adolescents' physical and mental states, as well as in their lives, significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide. Psychological, social, family, individual, and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct, indirect, or combined pathways. Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide. When deliberately cultivated, fostered, and enhanced, self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, interpersonal skills, and responsible decision-making, as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning, can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support. Among numerous suicide intervention methods, school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents. The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence, including their appropriateness, necessity, cost-effectiveness, comprehensiveness, and effectiveness, make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide. To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide, additional financial support should be provided, the combination of social-emotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged, and cooperation between schools and families, society, and other environments should be maximized. These efforts should be considered future research directions.
{"title":"Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of social-emotional skills in school-based prevention programs.","authors":"Xin-Qiao Liu, Xin Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.494","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide. Rapid changes in adolescents' physical and mental states, as well as in their lives, significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide. Psychological, social, family, individual, and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct, indirect, or combined pathways. Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide. When deliberately cultivated, fostered, and enhanced, self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, interpersonal skills, and responsible decision-making, as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning, can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support. Among numerous suicide intervention methods, school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents. The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence, including their appropriateness, necessity, cost-effectiveness, comprehensiveness, and effectiveness, make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide. To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide, additional financial support should be provided, the combination of social-emotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged, and cooperation between schools and families, society, and other environments should be maximized. These efforts should be considered future research directions.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140805819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Metelkina-Fernandez, L. Dumas, C. Vandersteen, D. Chirio, A. Gros, Arnaud Fernandez, F. Askenazy, Valeria Manera
BACKGROUND Anosmia was one of the main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A psychiatric history (i.e., depression) may be an independent contributor to the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, and COVID-19 survivors appear to have an increased risk of neuropsychiatric sequelae (bidirectional association). AIM To compare the rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients without anosmia vs patients with persistent olfactory complaints. METHODS We conducted a prospective case control study from March 2020 to May 2021. Patients recruited at the ENT department of Nice University Hospital had a subjective olfactory complaint (visual analogue scale) for over 6 wk and a molecular or CT-proven severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnosis confirmed by serology. Post-COVID patients without persistent olfactory disorders were recruited at the university hospital infectiology department. Psychiatric medical histories were collected by a psychiatrist during the assessments. RESULTS Thirty-four patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory complaints were included in the first group of the study. Fifty percent of the patients were female (n = 17). The group’s mean age was 40.5 ± 12.9 years. The control group included 32 participants, of which 34.4% were female (n = 11), and had a mean age of 61.2 ± 12.2 years. The rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients with olfactory complaints was significatively higher (41.7%) than among patients without (18.8%) (χ2 = 5.9, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION The presence of a psychiatric history may constitute a potential risk factor for the development of long COVID due to persistent anosmia. It therefore seems important to establish reinforced health monitoring after a COVID 19 infection in at-risk patients. Further prospective, translational, and collaborative studies are needed to extrapolate these results to the general population.
{"title":"Psychiatric outcomes in outpatients affected by long COVID: A link between mental health and persistence of olfactory complaint","authors":"V. Metelkina-Fernandez, L. Dumas, C. Vandersteen, D. Chirio, A. Gros, Arnaud Fernandez, F. Askenazy, Valeria Manera","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.507","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Anosmia was one of the main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A psychiatric history (i.e., depression) may be an independent contributor to the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, and COVID-19 survivors appear to have an increased risk of neuropsychiatric sequelae (bidirectional association). AIM To compare the rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients without anosmia vs patients with persistent olfactory complaints. METHODS We conducted a prospective case control study from March 2020 to May 2021. Patients recruited at the ENT department of Nice University Hospital had a subjective olfactory complaint (visual analogue scale) for over 6 wk and a molecular or CT-proven severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnosis confirmed by serology. Post-COVID patients without persistent olfactory disorders were recruited at the university hospital infectiology department. Psychiatric medical histories were collected by a psychiatrist during the assessments. RESULTS Thirty-four patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory complaints were included in the first group of the study. Fifty percent of the patients were female (n = 17). The group’s mean age was 40.5 ± 12.9 years. The control group included 32 participants, of which 34.4% were female (n = 11), and had a mean age of 61.2 ± 12.2 years. The rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients with olfactory complaints was significatively higher (41.7%) than among patients without (18.8%) (χ2 = 5.9, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION The presence of a psychiatric history may constitute a potential risk factor for the development of long COVID due to persistent anosmia. It therefore seems important to establish reinforced health monitoring after a COVID 19 infection in at-risk patients. Further prospective, translational, and collaborative studies are needed to extrapolate these results to the general population.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana V Pejčić, Srdjan M Stefanović, Miloš N Milosavljević, Vladimir S Janjić, Marko M Folić, Nevena D Folić, Jovana Z Milosavljević
Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during pregnancy. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders, but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of LAI antipsychotics during pregnancy.
{"title":"Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy: A literature review.","authors":"Ana V Pejčić, Srdjan M Stefanović, Miloš N Milosavljević, Vladimir S Janjić, Marko M Folić, Nevena D Folić, Jovana Z Milosavljević","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.582","url":null,"abstract":"Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during pregnancy. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders, but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of LAI antipsychotics during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Prior studies have noted great variability in the plasma levels of risperidone (RIS). Plasma concentrations of RIS and its active moiety are highly variable and depend on absorption, metabolism, and other predictors of metabolic dysregulation; however, these factors are poorly understood and the association between metabolic change and change in psychopathology is uncertain. AIM To ascertain the characteristics of chronic schizophrenic patients treated with RIS, and to assess their relationship with plasma RIS levels. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 50 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenic psychosis treated with RIS in a psychiatric service. The plasma concentrations of RIS and its metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, and psychopathologies were assessed, and the associations between clinical variables and plasma levels of RIS were explored. RESULTS Male patients received higher doses of RIS than female ones, but plasma concentrations of RIS and risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone (active moiety) were higher in female patients. Age and the mean scores of the general psychopathology subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were significantly positively correlated with plasma concentrations of risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone adjusted for weight and dose in all 50 subjects. In male subjects, we found a statistically significant positive correlation between the concentrations of risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone in plasma/(dose × kg) and age, mean PANSS negative subscale scores, mean PANSS general psychopathology subscale scores, and mean PANSS total scores. CONCLUSION Long-term use of RIS should be closely monitored in older patients and females to minimize the risk of high concentrations which could induce side effects.
{"title":"Relationship between plasma risperidone concentrations and clinical features in chronic schizophrenic patients in China","authors":"Jing-Wen Xu, Xiao-Bo Guan, Xue-Ying Wang, Yang Feng, Qi Zhang, Jun-Juan Zhu, Jian-Hua Chen","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.523","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Prior studies have noted great variability in the plasma levels of risperidone (RIS). Plasma concentrations of RIS and its active moiety are highly variable and depend on absorption, metabolism, and other predictors of metabolic dysregulation; however, these factors are poorly understood and the association between metabolic change and change in psychopathology is uncertain. AIM To ascertain the characteristics of chronic schizophrenic patients treated with RIS, and to assess their relationship with plasma RIS levels. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 50 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenic psychosis treated with RIS in a psychiatric service. The plasma concentrations of RIS and its metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, and psychopathologies were assessed, and the associations between clinical variables and plasma levels of RIS were explored. RESULTS Male patients received higher doses of RIS than female ones, but plasma concentrations of RIS and risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone (active moiety) were higher in female patients. Age and the mean scores of the general psychopathology subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were significantly positively correlated with plasma concentrations of risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone adjusted for weight and dose in all 50 subjects. In male subjects, we found a statistically significant positive correlation between the concentrations of risperidone + 9-hydroxyrisperidone in plasma/(dose × kg) and age, mean PANSS negative subscale scores, mean PANSS general psychopathology subscale scores, and mean PANSS total scores. CONCLUSION Long-term use of RIS should be closely monitored in older patients and females to minimize the risk of high concentrations which could induce side effects.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140683230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Ding, Qin Zhang, Yan-Ping Shu, Bin Tian, Ji Peng, Yong-Zhe Hou, Gang Wu, Li-Yun Lin, Jia-Lin Li
BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition. However, despite previous research, the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated. AIM To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12, 2023, for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD patients. We utilized regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) analyses. We compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls (HCs) using ALE. RESULTS Ten studies (369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs) were included. Combining the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data, the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs (voxel size: 648 mm3, P < 0.05), and no brain region exhibited increased activity. Based on the ALFF data, we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients (voxel size: 736 mm3, P < 0.05), with no regions exhibiting increased activity. CONCLUSION Through ALE meta-analysis, we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients, increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.
{"title":"Vulnerable brain regions in adolescent major depressive disorder: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis","authors":"Hui Ding, Qin Zhang, Yan-Ping Shu, Bin Tian, Ji Peng, Yong-Zhe Hou, Gang Wu, Li-Yun Lin, Jia-Lin Li","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.456","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition. However, despite previous research, the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12, 2023, for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD patients. We utilized regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) analyses. We compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls (HCs) using ALE.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Ten studies (369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs) were included. Combining the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data, the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs (voxel size: 648 mm3, P < 0.05), and no brain region exhibited increased activity. Based on the ALFF data, we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients (voxel size: 736 mm3, P < 0.05), with no regions exhibiting increased activity.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Through ALE meta-analysis, we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients, increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：