{"title":"Mutations in the Interleukin-15 Gene as a Molecular Biomarker in the Atherosclerosis Disease.","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis, Kinetics, Reaction Mechanism and Biological Activity Studies of Novel 1, 3-Oxazine Compound","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Biginelli Reaction is a one-pot acid catalyzed cyclocondensation of -keto ester, urea and aromatic aldehyde which leads to the synthesis of functionalized 3,4-dihydro-2(H)-pyrimidinones (DHPMs). These DHPMs (synthetic and natural) possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. A simple, efficient, and cost-effective method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one by a one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reaction of a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, an aldehyde and urea using HCl as catalyst is reported. The three-component condensation of an aldehyde, a -keto ester and urea in the presence of a catalytic amount of HCl, 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were synthesized in high yields. Recently much attention has been devoted towards dihydropyrimidine derivatives due to their significant therapeutic and medicinal properties. All the products in reaction obtained in good to very good yields by proceeding through a simple and efficient procedure. All the synthesized compound’s structure has been established by advanced spectroscopic data (FTIR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR) and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against two types of bacteria (S. aureus and E.coli).
{"title":"A One-pot Multi-component Synthesis of some New Dihydropyrimidine Derivatives via Biginelli Condensations","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"The Biginelli Reaction is a one-pot acid catalyzed cyclocondensation of -keto ester, urea and aromatic aldehyde which leads to the synthesis of functionalized 3,4-dihydro-2(H)-pyrimidinones (DHPMs). These DHPMs (synthetic and natural) possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. A simple, efficient, and cost-effective method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one by a one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reaction of a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, an aldehyde and urea using HCl as catalyst is reported. The three-component condensation of an aldehyde, a -keto ester and urea in the presence of a catalytic amount of HCl, 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were synthesized in high yields. Recently much attention has been devoted towards dihydropyrimidine derivatives due to their significant therapeutic and medicinal properties. All the products in reaction obtained in good to very good yields by proceeding through a simple and efficient procedure. All the synthesized compound’s structure has been established by advanced spectroscopic data (FTIR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR) and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against two types of bacteria (S. aureus and E.coli).","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper provides a comprehensive description of the spittlebugs, Cercopis vulnerata Rossi, 1807, in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. From April to the end of July of 2021, the specimens were taken from some flowers of herbaceous plants. Photographs have been taken of certain significant taxonomic components, include the mouthparts, antennae, fore wing, 8th abdominal segment and male genitalia. The locations of collection, date of collection and the hosts of plants have been recorded.
{"title":"Redescription of spittlebugs, Cercopis vulnerata Rossi, 1807 (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) from Kurdistan Region– Iraq.","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper provides a comprehensive description of the spittlebugs, Cercopis vulnerata Rossi, 1807, in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. From April to the end of July of 2021, the specimens were taken from some flowers of herbaceous plants. Photographs have been taken of certain significant taxonomic components, include the mouthparts, antennae, fore wing, 8th abdominal segment and male genitalia. The locations of collection, date of collection and the hosts of plants have been recorded.","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and aim: The TP53 gene encodes an important class of cell cycle and tumor-suppressing factors that play critical roles in maintaining genomic stability. The TP53 Arg72Pro (rs1042522 C>G) polymorphism has been reported to be associated with the risk of several types of adult cancers. Objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with colorectal cancer and to examine its correlation with age groups, Tumor type, Nodal state, and Duck stage of individual. Patients and methods: The study involved 50 patients with colorectal cancer (25 males and 25 females). This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of colorectal cancer within age groups, Tumor type, Nodal state, and Duck stage of individual also to investigate the distribution of TP53 Arg72Pro SNPs genotype in colorectal cancer, and determine whether TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is a possible relevance in susceptibility to colorectal cancer using RFLP-PCR analysis. Results: The present study shows there were no statistically significant differences between the different age groups and Dukes states with gender. Additionally, tumor types and nodal states (either positive or negative) of colorectal cancer were significantly different with gender. Also, this study revealed that 10 (20.0%) colorectal cancer patients had a 152 bp undigested PCR product fragment representing homozygotes for proline, 8 (16.0%) had two 50 and 102 bp fragments representing homozygotes for arginine, and 32 (64.0%) had three 50, 102, and 152 bp fragments representing heterozygotes for proline. The results of control genotypes showed 14 (28.0%) people with a fragment of 152 bp indicating homozygotes proline, 20 (40.0%) with two fragments representing homozygotes arginine, and 14 (28.0%) with three bands showing heterozygotes for codon 72. Conclusion: No substantial differences (P>0.05) between the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in colorectal cancer -affected males as opposed to the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in the control groups. In relation to the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in females, indicates substantial differences (P>0.05).
{"title":"The association of TP53 (Arg72Pro) rs1042522 C>G polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility in Duhok individuals","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: The TP53 gene encodes an important class of cell cycle and tumor-suppressing factors that play critical roles in maintaining genomic stability. The TP53 Arg72Pro (rs1042522 C>G) polymorphism has been reported to be associated with the risk of several types of adult cancers. Objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with colorectal cancer and to examine its correlation with age groups, Tumor type, Nodal state, and Duck stage of individual. Patients and methods: The study involved 50 patients with colorectal cancer (25 males and 25 females). This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of colorectal cancer within age groups, Tumor type, Nodal state, and Duck stage of individual also to investigate the distribution of TP53 Arg72Pro SNPs genotype in colorectal cancer, and determine whether TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is a possible relevance in susceptibility to colorectal cancer using RFLP-PCR analysis. Results: The present study shows there were no statistically significant differences between the different age groups and Dukes states with gender. Additionally, tumor types and nodal states (either positive or negative) of colorectal cancer were significantly different with gender. Also, this study revealed that 10 (20.0%) colorectal cancer patients had a 152 bp undigested PCR product fragment representing homozygotes for proline, 8 (16.0%) had two 50 and 102 bp fragments representing homozygotes for arginine, and 32 (64.0%) had three 50, 102, and 152 bp fragments representing heterozygotes for proline. The results of control genotypes showed 14 (28.0%) people with a fragment of 152 bp indicating homozygotes proline, 20 (40.0%) with two fragments representing homozygotes arginine, and 14 (28.0%) with three bands showing heterozygotes for codon 72. Conclusion: No substantial differences (P>0.05) between the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in colorectal cancer -affected males as opposed to the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in the control groups. In relation to the frequency of Arg72allele and Pro72allele in females, indicates substantial differences (P>0.05).","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation done to evaluate the immunological status of pregnant women in different trimesters during pregnancy. After performing inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study included 40 pregnant women and 40 healthy women who had married but were not pregnant as a control group. The serum was obtained from pregnant women in three different trimesters and from control group. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) IgA, Rheumatoid factor (RF) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in IFN-γ with respect to the 2nd and 3rd trimesters in comparison to the control group, with no significant change between the control and 1st trimester and a statistical decrease in the 3rd trimester when compared to the 1st trimester. Regarding the total IgG, the result shows a significant decline in the level of IgG in the 1st trimester in comparison to the control group. At the same time, there is a significant elevation in the level of IgG in the 3rd trimester compared to the 2nd trimester. However, there is a significant increase of IgA in the 2nd trimester in comparison to the control group, meanwhile, its level decreases in the 3rd trimester in comparison to 1st and 2nd trimesters. RF increased significantly in the 1st and 2nd trimesters in comparison to the control group, but statistically, there is a significant decrease in 3rd trimester compared to 1st and 2nd trimesters. Finally, the level of MDA increases in all trimesters compared to the control group.
{"title":"Immunological Status of Pregnant Women in Different Trimesters","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation done to evaluate the immunological status of pregnant women in different trimesters during pregnancy. After performing inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study included 40 pregnant women and 40 healthy women who had married but were not pregnant as a control group. The serum was obtained from pregnant women in three different trimesters and from control group. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) IgA, Rheumatoid factor (RF) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in IFN-γ with respect to the 2nd and 3rd trimesters in comparison to the control group, with no significant change between the control and 1st trimester and a statistical decrease in the 3rd trimester when compared to the 1st trimester. Regarding the total IgG, the result shows a significant decline in the level of IgG in the 1st trimester in comparison to the control group. At the same time, there is a significant elevation in the level of IgG in the 3rd trimester compared to the 2nd trimester. However, there is a significant increase of IgA in the 2nd trimester in comparison to the control group, meanwhile, its level decreases in the 3rd trimester in comparison to 1st and 2nd trimesters. RF increased significantly in the 1st and 2nd trimesters in comparison to the control group, but statistically, there is a significant decrease in 3rd trimester compared to 1st and 2nd trimesters. Finally, the level of MDA increases in all trimesters compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Zinc Oxide on Structural and Optical Properties Borotellurite Glass: Ternary Glass","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49613359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated Thalassemia cell image segmentation using hybrid Fuzzy C-Means and K-Means","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44952345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heavy metals have severely polluted the environment. The kidney is usually the first organ to be impacted by heavy metal exposure due to its potential to accumulate and detoxify metal ions. Some heavy metals and kidney function of oil field employees in Kurdistan Region of Iraq were studied in this research. This study was based on primary data collected throughout recent five years. Forty adult males who participated in this region were divided into two main groups; the former consisted of twenty individuals who had been exposed to Occupational Chemicals for more than five years in the oilfield area, and the other included twenty individuals who had not been exposed and used as a control group. Cobas C311 instrument was used as a biochemical analyzer to investigate some biochemical parameters in the serum level, and inductively coupled plasma was performed to estimate some heavy metals in whole blood. The results show a highly significant difference in some heavy metals such as (Silver (Ag), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Manganese (Mn) and Vanadium (V)) which increased in the exposed group compared to the group that served as a control. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of the other heavy metals (Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn)) between the two groups described. Furthermore, the level of kidney function parameters, including creatinine and blood urea, was revealed non-significantly higher than in the exposed group compared to the control group, except for uric acid, which significantly rose.
{"title":"Effect of heavy metals on kidney function among petroleum industry workers in the Kurdistan region","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.22","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals have severely polluted the environment. The kidney is usually the first organ to be impacted by heavy metal exposure due to its potential to accumulate and detoxify metal ions. Some heavy metals and kidney function of oil field employees in Kurdistan Region of Iraq were studied in this research. This study was based on primary data collected throughout recent five years. Forty adult males who participated in this region were divided into two main groups; the former consisted of twenty individuals who had been exposed to Occupational Chemicals for more than five years in the oilfield area, and the other included twenty individuals who had not been exposed and used as a control group. Cobas C311 instrument was used as a biochemical analyzer to investigate some biochemical parameters in the serum level, and inductively coupled plasma was performed to estimate some heavy metals in whole blood. The results show a highly significant difference in some heavy metals such as (Silver (Ag), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Manganese (Mn) and Vanadium (V)) which increased in the exposed group compared to the group that served as a control. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of the other heavy metals (Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn)) between the two groups described. Furthermore, the level of kidney function parameters, including creatinine and blood urea, was revealed non-significantly higher than in the exposed group compared to the control group, except for uric acid, which significantly rose.","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying the SWMM Software Model for the High Potential Flood-Risk Zone for Limited Catchments in Erbil City Governorate","authors":"","doi":"10.21271/zjpas.35.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21271/zjpas.35.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23933,"journal":{"name":"ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42899427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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