Insular amphibian species are often overlooked, rendering them vulnerable to habitat encroachment and other anthropogenic threats. The aim of this study was to compile a comprehensive list of amphibian species on Ko Pha-ngan in Surat Thani Province, Thailand. Data were collected via transect surveys and drift line fence traps in three different habitat types from February 2021 to September 2023. Our efforts detected 12 unique amphibian species in each of the three habitat types. The highest number of detections was observed in the Ko Pha-ngan-Than Sadet National Park protected areas. The common tree frog (Polypedatesleucomystax) and the common Asian toad (Duttaphrynusmelanostictus) were the two most abundantly found species on the island, whereas the Koh Tao caecilian (Ichthyophiskohtaoensis) and the newly described false Doria's fanged frog (Limnonectespseudodoriae) where the least commonly found species. In addition, Microhylaheymonsi and Fejervaryalimnocharis tadpoles were observed developing in high-salinity water bodies. Many species have shown a high tolerance in human-dominated landscapes. This study sheds light on the need for additional monitoring to better understand the dynamics of endemic species in addition to the impact tourism-driven development and habitat destruction has on a species with an insularly finite habitat.
A new species of the genus Neotropiconyttus Kirkaldy, 1909 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Harpactorini) is described and illustrated. Neotropiconyttusarmandoi Gamboa & Gil-Santana, sp. nov. represents the first record of the genus for the Province of Napo in Colombia, and the first description of a male individual in the genus. The male specimen representing the new species was collected on a leaf of cacao (Theobromacacao L.-Malvaceae). Its remarkable similarity in external coloration and structure with that of the true bug Monaloniondissimulatum Distant, 1883 (Hemiptera: Miridae) inhabiting cacao agroforestry systems suggests that the new species could be part of a mimetic complex that incorporates phytophagous and predator bugs. Comments and figures of type specimens of Neotropiconyttusalboannulatus (Stål, 1855) and Neotropiconyttusdama (Burmeister, 1838), and a key to the species of the genus are also provided.
A new species, Luciogobiusopisthoproctus sp. nov., is described based on 18 specimens collected from Daxi Creek (Yilan) and Babian Creek (Taitung) in Taiwan. The new species is characterized by having a yellowish body with scattered spots on the sides, a black blotch on the caudal fin, the absence of free pectoral-fin rays, and more than 40 vertebrae. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: AAA distance (anus to anal-fin origin) shorter than twice the body depth at anus, 4.2-7.2% of standard length (SL); pre-anus length 80.0-92.8% of pre-anal-fin length; snout length 39.7-62.7% of AAA distance; abdominal vertebrae 20-22; caudal vertebrae 20-22; first anal-fin pterygiophore usually inserted behind the second haemal spine.
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