Appetite最新文献_第3页

Contribution of parental feeding practices and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children 父母喂养方式和家庭环境因素对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108461

Alison Wing Lam Wan , Derwin King Chung Chan , Kevin Kien Hoa Chung

From family and ecological systems perspectives, parental feeding styles at the dyadic level play a proximal role in shaping young children's eating behaviours. However, far less is known about how broader family-level factors contribute to these behaviours. This cross-sectional study investigated the contribution of parental feeding styles and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children. A total of 253 parent–child dyads were recruited from 16 kindergartens in Hong Kong, China. Parents completed validated questionnaires, namely the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire and the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, which assessed feeding styles (instrumental, emotional, encouragement to eat, and control over eating), the home environmental factors (mealtime structure, mealtime distractions, and household chaos), and children's appetite-trait eating behaviours. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for demographic variables, were conducted. Parental feeding styles explained 3–12 % of the variance in children's eating behaviours. Notably, control over eating was associated with lower emotional overeating and reduced food fussiness, as well as with lower satiety responsiveness (i.e., greater appetite). Adding home environmental factors explained an additional 15 % of the variance beyond feeding styles, with significant incremental contributions observed for desire to drink, food responsiveness, and slowness in eating. These findings underscore that both proximal feeding styles and family-level home environmental factors uniquely and additively shape preschool children's eating behaviours. Interventions should therefore promote not only responsive and structured parental feeding styles but also structured mealtimes, reduced mealtime distractions, and a more organised household environment to support healthy eating in children.

从家庭和生态系统的角度来看，父母在二元水平上的喂养方式在塑造幼儿的饮食行为中起着近端作用。然而，对于更广泛的家庭层面因素如何影响这些行为，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨父母喂养方式和家庭环境因素对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响。在中国香港16所幼儿园共招募了253对亲子对。父母完成了有效的问卷调查，即父母喂养方式问卷和儿童饮食行为问卷，评估了喂养方式（工具性，情绪性，鼓励进食和控制进食），家庭环境因素（用餐时间结构，用餐时间分心和家庭混乱）以及儿童的食欲特征饮食行为。分层多元回归分析，控制人口变量。父母的喂养方式解释了3 - 12%的儿童饮食行为差异。值得注意的是，对饮食的控制与情绪性暴饮暴食的降低、对食物的挑剔程度降低以及饱腹感的降低（即胃口更大）有关。除了喂养方式之外，家庭环境因素还解释了另外15%的差异，其中观察到的饮水欲望、食物反应能力和进食速度的显著增量贡献。这些研究结果强调，近端喂养方式和家庭环境因素共同影响着学龄前儿童的饮食行为。因此，干预措施不仅应促进反应灵敏和有组织的父母喂养方式，还应促进有组织的用餐时间，减少用餐时间的干扰，以及更有组织的家庭环境，以支持儿童的健康饮食。

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引用次数: 0

Plant-based diets among young women in Scotland: ‘Unless it's affordable, convenient, healthy, and familiar, it's a no’ 苏格兰年轻女性的植物性饮食：“除非它是负担得起的、方便的、健康的、熟悉的，否则它是不可能的。”

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108442

Cristina Stewart , Tess Davis , Esther K. Papies

Moving towards more plant-based diets is a win-win for both human and planetary health. However, for successful adoption, such diets must be realistic and convenient. This study explored the factors influencing food choices among young women in Scotland and examined how they interpret and use plant-based and convenience food in their daily lives. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 women aged 18–24 and generated six themes using reflexive thematic analysis within a critical realist framework. We found meat consumption to be socially and culturally embedded, reinforced by family, peers, and social media (Theme 1). Participants expressed a sense of safety with familiar meat-based dishes and fear towards unfamiliar plant-based dishes (Theme 2). ‘Plant-based’ was widely perceived as meat alternatives only, which were rejected across health, taste, cost, and identity considerations. Although cost was the biggest driver of food choice, meat was perceived as a necessary expense, further justified by health motivations (Theme 3). Environmental concerns were less important, with participants demonstrating limited awareness about the environmental impact of food (Theme 4). Convenience was important, though ready meals were rejected in favour of batch cooking and quick-prep meals (Theme 5). Meat reduction was perceived as an all-or-nothing identity shift, with negative vegan stereotypes deterring even small reductions in intake (Theme 6). These findings highlight the need to reposition plant-based foods as affordable, convenient, healthy, and familiar, likely requiring wider food system changes. Further, health benefits of increased plant-based wholefoods and reduced meat consumption should be emphasised in government and industry messaging.

转向更多的植物性饮食对人类和地球健康都是双赢的。然而，为了成功采用，这种饮食必须是现实的和方便的。这项研究探讨了影响苏格兰年轻女性食物选择的因素，并研究了她们在日常生活中如何解释和使用植物性食品和方便食品。我们对30名年龄在18-24岁之间的女性进行了半结构化访谈，并在批判现实主义框架内使用反身性主题分析产生了六个主题。我们发现，肉类消费与社会和文化息息相关，并受到家庭、同伴和社交媒体的强化（主题1）。参与者对熟悉的肉类菜肴有安全感，对不熟悉的植物性菜肴有恐惧感（主题2）。“植物性”被广泛认为只是肉类替代品，出于健康、味道、成本和身份方面的考虑而遭到拒绝。虽然成本是食品选择的最大驱动因素，但肉类被认为是一项必要的支出，健康动机进一步证明了这一点（主题3）。环境问题不太重要，参与者对食品对环境影响的认识有限（主题4）。方便是很重要的，尽管即食食品被拒绝，取而代之的是批量烹饪和快速准备食品（主题5）。减少肉类被认为是一种要么全有要么全无的身份转变，负面的素食刻板印象甚至阻止了摄入量的小幅减少（主题6）。这些发现强调了将植物性食品重新定位为负担得起、方便、健康和熟悉的食品的必要性，这可能需要更广泛的食品系统变革。此外，政府和行业应强调增加植物性天然食品和减少肉类消费对健康的好处。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of emotional eating: food approach bias covaries with affect on days with high food craving 情绪性进食的机制：食物接近偏差与高食物渴望日的情绪共变。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108462

Mareike Röttger, Sercan Kahveci, Jens Blechert, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Hannah van Alebeek

Emotional eating (EE) - eating in response to emotions - has clinical relevance, yet its underlying mechanisms (how?) remain poorly understood. Questions also concern interindividual differences (who?), and the types of foods involved (what?). We hypothesized that negative affect would be linked to increased, and positive affect to decreased food approach bias (how?). These effects were expected to be moderated by trait EE (who?) and by the goal-congruency and hedonic value of the foods (what?).

In 76 participants with self-regulatory, diet-related goals, we measured positive and negative affect using ecological momentary assessment, and approach bias toward goal-congruent and -incongruent foods using a mobile approach-avoidance task, on nine midday assessments. Hedonic food characteristics were assessed with food-specific craving ratings in the evening, and trait EE with the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale.

There was no direct association between affect and approach bias, nor one moderated by goal-congruency. Instead, affect and approach bias covaried on high-craving days: negative affect cooccurred with higher approach bias, while positive affect cooccurred with lower approach bias. These patterns were mainly present in participants reporting more intake during negative affect or less intake during positive affect (trait EE), respectively.

Our results highlight temporally dynamic relationships between affect and approach bias as potential mechanisms of EE (how?) – although eating behavior itself was not studied here. Affect-bias links emerged on high-craving days (when?) in trait emotional eaters (who?) but irrespective of specific food characteristics (what?). This opens avenues for further mechanistic research and targeted eHealth interventions (when and in whom).

情绪性进食（情绪性进食）——对情绪的反应——具有临床相关性，但其潜在机制（如何？）仍然知之甚少。问题还涉及个体之间的差异（谁？），以及涉及的食物类型（什么？）。我们假设负面影响与食物偏好的增加有关，而积极影响与食物偏好的减少有关（怎么回事？）这些影响预计会被情感表达特质（谁？）和食物的目标一致性和享乐价值（什么？）所缓和。在76名具有自我调节、饮食相关目标的参与者中，我们使用生态瞬时评估来测量积极和消极影响，并使用移动方法-回避任务来测量对目标一致和不一致食物的方法偏差，共进行了9次中午评估。享乐性食物的特征是用晚上特定食物的渴望等级来评估的，而特征情感表达是用萨尔茨堡情绪饮食量表来评估的。情感和方法偏差之间没有直接的联系，也没有被目标一致性所调节。相反，在高渴望日，情感和接近偏差共变：消极情感与较高的接近偏差同时发生，而积极情感与较低的接近偏差同时发生。这些模式分别主要出现在消极情绪摄入较多或积极情绪摄入较少的参与者（特质情感）中。我们的研究结果强调了情感和方法偏见之间的时间动态关系是情感表达的潜在机制（如何？）尽管这里并没有研究饮食行为本身。在特质情绪化食者（谁？）的高渴望日（什么时候？）中出现了情感偏见联系，但与特定的食物特征（什么？）无关。这为进一步的机械研究和有针对性的电子卫生干预（何时和对谁）开辟了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Testing the reinforcing properties of sodium in hyper-palatable and ultra-processed foods using an experimental randomized parallel arm design 采用随机平行实验设计测试超美味和超加工食品中钠的强化特性。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108450

Joseph S. Bellitti , Tera L. Fazzino

Research has indicated that the reinforcing properties of certain foods may drive excess energy intake and obesity risk. However, scientifically our understanding of what characteristics may modulate the reinforcing properties of such foods is limited. The study focused on foods with combinations of nutrients (sodium + fat or starchy carbohydrates) at moderate to high levels, termed hyper-palatable foods (HPF), which are hypothesized to be strong reinforcers. A randomized experiment using an online crowdsourced sample was conducted to examine whether sodium may modulate the reinforcing properties of HPF. A secondary aim examined whether ultra-processed food (UPF) status contributed to the reinforcing properties of food stimuli. Adults (N = 339) recruited online via Prolific were randomized to 1 of 2 study arms and presented with: 1) HPF-UPF (HPF that were also ultra-processed) (n = 5); or 2) HPF-only stimuli (n = 5). Comparator stimuli (n = 5) for both arms were matched food items without sodium. Participants completed visual analogue scale ratings of acute subjective effects and behavioral tasks assessing the reinforcing properties of HPF/HPF-UPF items vs matched items without sodium. There were significant differences between the HPF/HPF-UPF and matched items without sodium on all subjective effects (liking, wanting, etc; p-values <.001; ηp² = .34-.68), on demand elasticity (sensitivity to increasing prices) in a food purchase task (p < .001, ηp² = .16), and steeper discounting of delayed HPF/HPF-UPF rewards in a behavioral task (p values < .001, ηp² = .19-.37). Findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting HPF may have strong reinforcing properties that may be modulated via sodium.

研究表明，某些食物的强化特性可能会导致过量的能量摄入和肥胖风险。然而，从科学上讲，我们对哪些特征可以调节这类食物的强化特性的理解是有限的。这项研究的重点是营养成分（钠+脂肪或淀粉类碳水化合物）组合在中等到高水平的食物，被称为超美味食物（HPF），它被假设为强强化剂。一项使用在线众包样本的随机实验研究了钠是否可以调节HPF的增强特性。第二个目的是研究超加工食品（UPF）状态是否有助于食物刺激的强化特性。通过多产在线招募的成年人（N=339）被随机分配到两个研究组中的一个，并提供：1)HPF- upf （HPF也经过超处理）（N= 5）；或2)仅hpf刺激（n=5）。双臂的比较刺激物（n=5）是不含钠的食物。参与者完成了急性主观效应的视觉模拟量表评分和行为任务，评估了HPF/HPF- upf物品与不含钠的匹配物品的增强特性。在所有主观效应（喜欢、想要等；p值2 = 0.34 - 0.68）、食品购买任务中的需求弹性（对价格上涨的敏感性）（p值2 = 0.16）和行为任务中延迟HPF/HPF- upf奖励的更大折扣（p值2 = 0.19 - 0.37）上，HPF/HPF- upf与不含钠的匹配项目之间存在显著差异。研究结果提供了初步证据，表明HPF可能具有通过钠调节的强增强特性。

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引用次数: 0

“I do feel a lot of guilt about the lunchboxes”: Exploring caregiver perceptions and experiences of packing school lunches “我确实对午餐盒感到很内疚”：探索照顾者对打包学校午餐的看法和经历

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108441

Crystal Seow , Brittany J. Johnson , Jennifer L. Black , Georgia Middleton

Purpose

The absence of school-provided meals in Australia means caregivers are responsible for providing school lunches, which are a key contributor to children's overall diet. While packing school lunchboxes requires physical, cognitive, relational and emotional labour, there has been little investigation about Australian caregivers' understandings of these processes. This study therefore aimed to explore these perceptions, experiences and beliefs surrounding school lunchbox practices.

Methods

Qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured interviews with South Australian caregivers of children aged 5–11 years. Interview questions explored experiences, perceptions and decision-making processes related to packing school lunches. Demographic data were collected via surveys. Interview transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with women (mean age: 42 years), most holding a university degree or higher (n = 11), employed outside the home (n = 11), and caring for an average of two children aged <1–19 years. Three themes were generated collectively highlighting the complexities of lunchbox packing including: 1) the cognitive, physical and relational work of lunchbox packing; 2) managing the ideal lunch, and 3) the emotional load of lunchbox packing.

Conclusion

This study highlights the significant demands of lunchbox packing, as caregivers navigate multiple pressures from societal expectations, logistical challenges, and children's preferences with limited support. Participants found measuring up to lunchbox ideals challenging, feeling they must justify and manage their approaches accordingly. These findings emphasise the need for systemic approaches to better recognise and support the undervalued and complex work required to feed children on school days.

目的：澳大利亚没有学校提供的午餐，这意味着照顾者有责任提供学校午餐，这是孩子们整体饮食的关键因素。虽然包装学校午餐盒需要体力、认知、关系和情感劳动，但关于澳大利亚看护者对这些过程的理解的调查很少。因此，本研究旨在探讨这些观念，经验和信念围绕学校午餐盒的做法。方法采用半结构化访谈对南澳大利亚州5-11岁儿童看护人进行定性现象学研究。采访问题探讨了打包学校午餐的经验、看法和决策过程。人口统计数据通过调查收集。访谈记录使用反身性主题分析进行分析。结果对12名女性进行了半结构化访谈（平均年龄：42岁），其中大多数拥有大学或更高学历（n = 11），外出工作（n = 11），平均照顾两个年龄在1-19岁之间的孩子。共产生了三个主题，突出了饭盒包装的复杂性，包括：1)饭盒包装的认知、物理和关系工作；2)管理理想的午餐，3)打包午餐盒的情绪负荷。本研究强调了午餐盒包装的重要需求，因为照顾者在有限的支持下应对来自社会期望、后勤挑战和儿童偏好的多重压力。参与者发现，达到理想的午餐盒是一项挑战，他们觉得自己必须相应地证明和管理自己的方法。这些发现强调需要采取系统的方法，更好地认识和支持在上学期间喂养儿童所需的被低估的复杂工作。

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引用次数: 0

Sensory-specific satiety and the influence of variety on snack intake in school-aged children 学龄儿童感官特异性饱腹感及零食种类对零食摄入量的影响

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108451

Paige M. Cunningham , Cara T. Meehan , Kathleen L. Keller , Barbara J. Rolls

Food intake is influenced by the variety of foods available. While studies in adults indicate this effect is driven by sensory-specific satiety (SSS; the relative hedonic decline in a food as it is eaten), exploration of SSS in children has been limited. In this cluster randomized crossover study, across 2 days we served a 2-course snack to 31 children (6–12 y) attending local summer camps. The first course was 525 ml of either grapes (0.86 kcal/g; n = 14) or pretzels (3.9 kcal/g; n = 17), and the second course was 525 ml of the same food (low variety) or the other food (high variety). Before and after the first course, the children rated their liking and wanting of 6 foods (the food eaten in the first course + 5 others). Across participants, more was consumed in the high compared to the low variety condition (all p < 0.01). Liking and wanting for the eaten food declined more than for the uneaten foods (both p < 0.03). However, the effects of variety and SSS were smaller for the children who ate the grapes first compared to the pretzels, perhaps because they ate a greater weight of the low-energy dense first course (p < 0.01). While we found that children experience SSS, the findings highlight the complexity of satiation. Properties of the available foods (e.g. variety and energy density) likely affect the relative influence of factors such as decreased food appeal and physical satisfaction on the termination of eating.

食物的摄入量受食物种类的影响。虽然对成人的研究表明，这种效应是由特定感觉饱腹感（SSS；食物被食用时的相对快感下降）驱动的，但对儿童SSS的探索却有限。在这个分组随机交叉研究中，我们在两天的时间里为31名参加当地夏令营的儿童（6-12岁）提供两道菜的零食。第一道菜是525毫升葡萄（0.86千卡/克，n = 14）或椒盐脆饼（3.9千卡/克，n = 17），第二道菜是525毫升相同的食物（低品种）或其他食物（高品种）。在第一道菜之前和之后，孩子们对6种食物（第一道菜吃的食物+其他5种食物）的喜欢和想要程度进行了评分。在所有参与者中，与低品种条件相比，高品种条件下消耗更多（p < 0.01）。对吃过的食物的喜爱和渴望程度比对没吃过的食物的喜爱和渴望程度下降得更多（p < 0.03）。然而，与椒盐脆饼相比，品种和SSS对先吃葡萄的孩子的影响较小，这可能是因为他们吃了更重的低能量密度的第一道菜（p < 0.01）。虽然我们发现儿童会经历SSS，但研究结果强调了饱腹感的复杂性。可用食物的特性（例如种类和能量密度）可能会影响诸如食物吸引力下降和身体满意度等因素对终止进食的相对影响。

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引用次数: 0

Altered insula resting-state functional connectivity correlates with impaired cognitive control in children with emotional undereating 情绪不足儿童脑岛静息状态功能连接改变与认知控制受损相关

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108456

Xiaoyi Li , Shaorui Wang , Mingyue Xiao , Yicen Cui , Ximei Chen , Yong Liu , Hong Chen

Eating less in response to negative emotions, called emotional undereating (EUE), is common in children, but research on the etiology of these behaviors is in its infancy. 91 children (aged 9–12, 46 females) completed EUE subscale of Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire and underwent resting-state fMRI. Of these, 43 participants also completed arrow task and 78 were followed up one year later. Compared to children with low-EUE, those with high-EUE exhibited fewer errors but longer reaction times, indicating over-control and reduced flexibility. Additionally, children with high-EUE revealed decreased resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the prefrontal cortex and altered connectivity of insula. Notably, rsFC between the insula and the temporal lobe mediate the relationship between EUE and arrow-task performance at baseline and positively predicted the arrow-task performance one year later. These findings identify a potential stable neural marker of impaired cognitive control in children with EUE and provide new insights into the neurobiological basis of emotional undereating in childhood.

为了应对负面情绪而少吃，被称为情绪性进食不足（EUE），这在儿童中很常见，但对这些行为的病因的研究还处于起步阶段。91名儿童（9 ~ 12岁，其中46名女性）完成儿童饮食行为问卷EUE分量表，并进行静息状态功能磁共振检查。其中，43名参与者也完成了箭头任务，78名参与者在一年后接受了随访。与低eue的儿童相比，高eue的儿童表现出更少的错误，但反应时间更长，表明过度控制和灵活性降低。此外，高ue儿童前额叶皮层静息状态功能连通性（rsFC）下降，脑岛连通性改变。值得注意的是，脑岛和颞叶之间的rsFC在基线时介导了EUE与箭头任务绩效之间的关系，并积极预测了一年后的箭头任务绩效。这些发现确定了EUE儿童认知控制受损的潜在稳定神经标志物，并为儿童情绪不足的神经生物学基础提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Development and empirical evaluation of a dietary intervention programme for individuals with prediabetes based on the health action process approach: A randomised controlled trial 基于健康行动过程方法的糖尿病前期患者饮食干预方案的发展和经验评估：一项随机对照试验

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108435

Mingjie Cao, Genli Wu , Mengyan Zhang, Yuqing Chang, Wenjing Guo, Siyi Zhao, Li Zhang

Prediabetes represents a critical window for preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes, and maintaining a healthy diet is essential. This study evaluated a dietary intervention based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to improve dietary adherence. Prior to trial implementation, a targeted intervention was developed through a literature search on adherence strategies (e.g., the teach-back method and social network interventions) and interviews identifying local barriers to healthy eating, including low cognition and motivation, limited skills and resources, and lack of supportive environments, and was subsequently evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. Sixty-four residents diagnosed between August 2023 and August 2024 at a health service centre in Bengbu, China, were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 32 each). (1) routine care, (2) HAPA group: including a one-week visual dietary recipe created by photographing meal plate layouts for three meals based on food models, coping strategies for special situations (e.g., holiday gatherings), combined with family and peer support. Changes from baseline to three months were assessed using t-tests, covering disease knowledge, dietary adherence (Chinese Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale [C-DMSES]), acceptability, dietary structure (3-day 24-h recalls and a Food Frequency Questionnaire [FFQ]), proportion meeting fibre intake recommendations (whole grains and legumes, and vegetables), body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 2-h postprandial glucose (2hPG). The HAPA group showed significant improvements in knowledge, acceptability, adherence scores, proportion meeting whole grains and legumes intake recommendations, BMI, FPG, and 2hPG compared with controls (P < 0.05). Intake of whole grains, legumes, and vegetables was higher, whereas refined grains and starchy were lower (P < 0.05). The intervention improved dietary adherence and structure (increased dietary fibre and reduced refined grains), guiding sustaining healthy eating in people with prediabetes.

糖尿病前期是预防或延缓2型糖尿病发病的关键窗口期，保持健康的饮食是必不可少的。本研究评估了基于健康行动过程方法（HAPA）的饮食干预，以提高饮食依从性。在试验实施之前，通过对依从性策略（例如，背教法和社会网络干预）的文献检索和访谈确定了健康饮食的当地障碍，包括低认知和动机、有限的技能和资源以及缺乏支持性环境，制定了有针对性的干预措施，随后在随机对照试验中进行了评估。2023年8月至2024年8月在中国蚌埠一家卫生服务中心诊断的64名居民被随机分为两组（每组n = 32）。(1)日常护理(2)HAPA组：包括一个为期一周的视觉饮食食谱，根据食物模型拍摄三餐的餐盘布局，特殊情况（如假日聚会）的应对策略，并结合家庭和同伴的支持。使用t检验评估从基线到三个月的变化，包括疾病知识、饮食依从性（中国糖尿病管理自我效能量表[C-DMSES]）、可接受性、饮食结构（3天24小时回忆和食物频率问卷[FFQ]）、满足纤维摄入建议的比例（全谷物、豆类和蔬菜）、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FPG）和餐后2小时血糖（2hPG）。与对照组相比，HAPA组在知识、可接受性、依从性评分、满足全谷物和豆类摄入建议的比例、BMI、FPG和2hPG方面均有显著提高（P < 0.05）。全谷物、豆类和蔬菜的摄入量较高，而精制谷物和淀粉的摄入量较低（P < 0.05）。干预改善了饮食的坚持和结构（增加膳食纤维和减少精制谷物），指导糖尿病前期患者保持健康饮食。

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引用次数: 0

Pregnancy Eating Attitudes-Questionnaire (PEA-Q): Longitudinal measurement invariance from early to late pregnancy in a community sample 妊娠饮食态度问卷（PEA-Q）：在社区样本中，从妊娠早期到晚期的纵向测量不变性

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108421

Riley J. Jouppi , Colin E. Vize , Christine C. Call , Rebecca L. Emery Tavernier , Lydia B. Brown , Rachel P. Kolko Conlon , Jennifer L. Grace , Gina M. Sweeney , Michele D. Levine

The Pregnancy Eating Attitudes-Questionnaire (PEA-Q) assesses pregnancy-specific eating/weight attitudes that impact birthing individuals. This novel self-report measure, comprising Permissive Eating/Weight Attitudes, Intentional Eating Changes, and Lack of Worry about Eating/Weight factors, demonstrated promising psychometric properties when administered late in pregnancy. To evaluate the PEA-Q's ability to adequately capture pregnancy-specific eating/weight attitudes across pregnancy, we employed longitudinal measurement invariance (MI) testing among a community sample of pregnant individuals with pre-pregnancy body mass index≥25. Participants (N = 312) enrolled in a randomized perinatal health behavior trial completed the PEA-Q at M(SD) = 13.6(2.7) and 36.5(1.3) weeks' gestation. We performed longitudinal MI testing in steps to establish equivalence of the PEA-Q at early and late pregnancy and to compare PEA-Q scores between these timepoints. Models covaried for randomization status. Partial strong invariance was ultimately achieved by freeing the intercepts of one item. Results from latent mean difference testing documented significantly lower scores on Permissive Eating/Weight Attitudes and Lack of Worry about Eating/Weight (p ≤ .01), but not Intentional Eating Changes (p = .08), in early versus late pregnancy. Findings indicate that the PEA-Q adequately captures pregnancy-specific eating/weight attitudes in both early and late pregnancy and, thus, can be used to assess change over this period. In the present sample, changes in PEA-Q scores from early to late pregnancy suggest that pregnant individuals may experience increasingly permissive eating/weight attitudes and less worry about eating/weight as pregnancy progresses. Future research examining the health implications of PEA-Q changes across pregnancy is warranted.

孕期饮食态度问卷（PEA-Q）评估影响生育个体的孕期特定饮食/体重态度。这种新颖的自我报告测量，包括宽容的饮食/体重态度，有意识的饮食改变，以及对饮食/体重因素的担忧，在怀孕后期进行时显示出有希望的心理测量特性。为了评估PEA-Q在妊娠期间充分捕捉妊娠特异性饮食/体重态度的能力，我们在孕前体重指数≥25的社区孕妇样本中采用了纵向测量不变性（MI）检验。参加随机围产期健康行为试验的参与者（N = 312）在妊娠M(SD) = 13.6（2.7）和36.5（1.3）周时完成PEA-Q。我们进行了纵向MI测试，以建立妊娠早期和晚期PEA-Q的等效性，并比较这些时间点之间的PEA-Q评分。随机化状态下模型共变。部分强不变性最终是通过释放一个项目的拦截来实现的。潜在平均差异测试的结果显示，怀孕早期和晚期在宽容饮食/体重态度和对饮食/体重缺乏担忧方面的得分明显较低（p≤0.01），但在有意饮食改变方面没有得分（p = 0.08）。研究结果表明，PEA-Q充分捕捉怀孕早期和晚期的怀孕特定饮食/体重态度，因此，可用于评估这一时期的变化。在目前的样本中，PEA-Q评分从怀孕早期到怀孕晚期的变化表明，随着怀孕的进展，怀孕个体可能会经历越来越宽松的饮食/体重态度，对饮食/体重的担忧也越来越少。未来有必要研究PEA-Q在怀孕期间变化对健康的影响。

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引用次数: 0

“I care but it doesn't keep me up at night”: A qualitative exploration of perceptions of biodiversity-friendly food consumption “我关心，但它不会让我夜不能寐”：对生物多样性友好型食品消费观念的定性探索。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108426

Julia Q. Shen , Jonas House , Bob C. Mulder , Sigrid Wertheim-Heck

Biodiversity, crucial for resilient agri-food systems, is declining at an unprecedented rate, partly due to changing food systems. Lack of consumer willingness has been identified as a barrier to adopt biodiversity-friendly agricultural practices, however, a consumer perspective remains underexplored. This paper presents findings from four focus group discussions in the Netherlands with a relatively environmentally-conscious sample (N = 24), exploring how they perceive biodiversity-friendly production and consumption. These discussions reveal two main insights: first, participants are aware of the negative ecological impacts of food systems and can identify key drivers of biodiversity loss, such as increased chemical inputs, monocultures and unsustainable consumption patterns. They recognize the systemic nature of these problems, describing the system as ‘locked in’ by economic and institutional constraints. Second, while participants stress the role of consumers in driving food systems (change), they simultaneously express ambivalence around their own agency to do so. Mapped according to the COM-B model, the study identifies drivers and barriers related to people's perceived capability (e.g., limited visibility of biodiversity), opportunity (e.g., limited availability and accessibility of alternatives), and motivation (e.g., conflicting priorities) to consume in a more biodiversity-friendly way. We argue that this tension between responsibility and agency reflects a broader discourse of consumer responsibilization, in which individuals are assigned responsibility for solving broader problems through their consumption, without being given the means to. The study demonstrates the need for systems that enable biodiversity-friendly food consumption, as well as foster a more balanced societal discourse on responsibility and agency in food systems.

生物多样性对有抵御力的农业粮食系统至关重要，但生物多样性正在以前所未有的速度下降，部分原因是粮食系统的变化。缺乏消费者意愿已被确定为采用生物多样性友好型农业做法的障碍，然而，消费者的观点仍未得到充分探讨。本文介绍了荷兰四个焦点小组讨论的结果，其中有一个相对环保意识的样本（N = 24），探讨了他们如何看待生物多样性友好型生产和消费。这些讨论揭示了两个主要见解：首先，与会者意识到粮食系统的负面生态影响，并能够确定生物多样性丧失的关键驱动因素，如化学品投入增加、单一栽培和不可持续的消费模式。他们认识到这些问题的系统性，并将其描述为经济和制度约束的“锁定”。第二，虽然参与者强调消费者在推动食品系统（变革）方面的作用，但他们同时对自己的机构这样做表示矛盾。根据COM-B模型，该研究确定了与人们感知能力（例如，生物多样性的有限可见性）、机会（例如，替代品的有限可用性和可及性）和动机（例如，优先事项冲突）相关的驱动因素和障碍，以更有利于生物多样性的方式消费。我们认为，责任和代理之间的这种紧张关系反映了一种更广泛的消费者责任话语，在这种话语中，个人被赋予了通过消费解决更广泛问题的责任，而没有被赋予这样做的手段。该研究表明，需要建立有利于生物多样性的粮食消费体系，并促进关于粮食系统责任和机构的更平衡的社会话语。

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引用次数: 0