Appetite最新文献_第3页

Effects of acute psychosocial stress on attentional bias toward food, food craving, and intake in binge eating 急性社会心理压力对暴饮暴食中食物注意偏向、食物渴望和摄入的影响。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108472

Lynn Sablottny, Jessica Werthmann, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier

Stress significantly influences eating behavior, yet individual responses vary. Binge eating – a core feature of Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa – is frequently triggered by acute stress. One proposed mechanism is that stress increases the motivational salience of food cues, which could promote craving and food intake. To test this idea experimentally, this study examined how stress affects attentional bias toward food, and how such changes relate to food craving and food intake in individuals with binge eating behaviors compared with individuals without binge eating. Using a mixed experimental design, 130 participants (68 with binge eating, 62 without binge eating) completed sessions with and without stress induction via a video-conference Trier Social Stress Test. Attentional bias was assessed via the Dot Probe Paradigm and eye tracking, food craving was measured via self-reports, and food intake was measured behaviorally. Stress did not significantly change attentional bias toward food, nor did it affect food intake. Stress did increase craving in the group with binge eating, indicating that stress enhanced the motivational value of food. The absence of corresponding changes in attentional bias suggests that heightened craving under stress does not necessarily translate into measurable shifts in attentional allocation toward food cues, or that stress may influence motivational processes without altering overt attentional patterns. Another possibility is that methodological restraints specific to our study design limited the detection of stress-related changes in attentional processes. Further research is needed to clarify the role of attentional processes in stress-related eating, especially regarding binge eating.

压力会显著影响饮食行为，但个体的反应各不相同。暴食——暴食症和神经性贪食症的核心特征——经常是由急性压力引发的。一种被提出的机制是，压力增加了食物线索的动机显著性，这可能会促进渴望和食物摄入。为了通过实验验证这一观点，本研究考察了压力如何影响对食物的注意力偏差，以及这种变化与暴饮暴食行为个体与非暴饮暴食个体之间的食物渴望和食物摄入之间的关系。采用混合实验设计，130名参与者（68名暴食者，62名非暴食者）通过视频会议Trier社会压力测试完成了有压力诱导和没有压力诱导的会话。注意偏差通过点探针范式和眼动追踪来评估，食物渴望通过自我报告来衡量，食物摄入通过行为来衡量。压力并没有显著改变对食物的注意偏向，也没有影响食物摄入。压力确实增加了暴饮暴食组的渴望，这表明压力增强了食物的激励价值。注意偏差的相应变化的缺失表明，压力下的强烈渴望并不一定转化为对食物线索的可测量的注意力分配的变化，或者压力可能影响动机过程而不改变明显的注意模式。另一种可能性是，我们的研究设计特有的方法限制了对注意力过程中压力相关变化的检测。需要进一步的研究来阐明注意力过程在压力相关饮食中的作用，特别是在暴饮暴食方面。

{"title":"Effects of acute psychosocial stress on attentional bias toward food, food craving, and intake in binge eating","authors":"Lynn Sablottny, Jessica Werthmann, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress significantly influences eating behavior, yet individual responses vary. Binge eating – a core feature of Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa – is frequently triggered by acute stress. One proposed mechanism is that stress increases the motivational salience of food cues, which could promote craving and food intake. To test this idea experimentally, this study examined how stress affects attentional bias toward food, and how such changes relate to food craving and food intake in individuals with binge eating behaviors compared with individuals without binge eating. Using a mixed experimental design, 130 participants (68 with binge eating, 62 without binge eating) completed sessions with and without stress induction via a video-conference Trier Social Stress Test. Attentional bias was assessed via the Dot Probe Paradigm and eye tracking, food craving was measured via self-reports, and food intake was measured behaviorally. Stress did not significantly change attentional bias toward food, nor did it affect food intake. Stress did increase craving in the group with binge eating, indicating that stress enhanced the motivational value of food. The absence of corresponding changes in attentional bias suggests that heightened craving under stress does not necessarily translate into measurable shifts in attentional allocation toward food cues, or that stress may influence motivational processes without altering overt attentional patterns. Another possibility is that methodological restraints specific to our study design limited the detection of stress-related changes in attentional processes. Further research is needed to clarify the role of attentional processes in stress-related eating, especially regarding binge eating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From conflict to control: Responsiveness to food-related conflict predicts healthy eating. 从冲突到控制：对食物相关冲突的反应预测健康饮食。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108459

Sandra Wittleder, Vanessa Begemann, Gabriele Oettingen, David Melnikoff, Tilman Reinelt, Mike Wendt, Andreas Kappes

People often want to eat healthily but fail to do so. Sometimes people try and fail to exert control over unwanted food choices. But failing to eat healthily might also happen for a different, largely ignored reason: when encountering conflict between healthy and unhealthy food, people might fail to respond and initiate self-regulation. Accordingly, we tested in three studies (total N = 542) if how responsive participants are to conflict between healthy and unhealthy food is an important part of eating regulation. We developed a conflict response measure that indicates responsiveness to conflict between healthy and unhealthy food via post-conflict slowing. We then show that the stronger participants are committed to healthy eating, the more they slowed down after goal-relevant conflict (Study 1, 2) but not after goal-irrelevant conflict (Study 2). Importantly, goal-relevant, but not goal-irrelevant, post-conflict slowing predicted subsequent healthy eating in participants' everyday life (Study 2). Finally, planning to act on a healthy eating goal via an implementation mindset manipulation increased post-conflict slowing compared to when healthy eating was deliberated (Study 3). Our findings suggest that conflict responsiveness might be important for understanding how people initiate self-regulatory processes.

人们经常想要吃得健康，但却做不到。有时人们试图控制不喜欢的食物选择，但却失败了。但饮食不健康也可能是由于另一个主要被忽视的原因：当遇到健康和不健康食物之间的冲突时，人们可能无法回应并启动自我调节。因此，我们在三个研究中（总N=542）测试了参与者对健康和不健康食物之间的冲突的反应程度是否是饮食调节的重要组成部分。我们开发了一种冲突反应措施，通过冲突后减缓来表明对健康和不健康食物之间冲突的反应。然后我们发现，参与者对健康饮食的承诺越强，他们在目标相关冲突后越慢（研究1,2），但在目标无关冲突后则不然（研究2）。重要的是，与目标相关而非与目标无关的冲突后减缓预测了参与者日后日常生活中的健康饮食（研究2）。最后，与考虑健康饮食时相比，通过实施心态操纵来计划健康饮食目标的行动增加了冲突后的减缓（研究3）。我们的研究结果表明，冲突反应可能对理解人们如何启动自我调节过程很重要。

{"title":"From conflict to control: Responsiveness to food-related conflict predicts healthy eating.","authors":"Sandra Wittleder, Vanessa Begemann, Gabriele Oettingen, David Melnikoff, Tilman Reinelt, Mike Wendt, Andreas Kappes","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People often want to eat healthily but fail to do so. Sometimes people try and fail to exert control over unwanted food choices. But failing to eat healthily might also happen for a different, largely ignored reason: when encountering conflict between healthy and unhealthy food, people might fail to respond and initiate self-regulation. Accordingly, we tested in three studies (total N = 542) if how responsive participants are to conflict between healthy and unhealthy food is an important part of eating regulation. We developed a conflict response measure that indicates responsiveness to conflict between healthy and unhealthy food via post-conflict slowing. We then show that the stronger participants are committed to healthy eating, the more they slowed down after goal-relevant conflict (Study 1, 2) but not after goal-irrelevant conflict (Study 2). Importantly, goal-relevant, but not goal-irrelevant, post-conflict slowing predicted subsequent healthy eating in participants' everyday life (Study 2). Finally, planning to act on a healthy eating goal via an implementation mindset manipulation increased post-conflict slowing compared to when healthy eating was deliberated (Study 3). Our findings suggest that conflict responsiveness might be important for understanding how people initiate self-regulatory processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and exposure on children's food intake and liking 正强化、负强化和暴露对儿童食物摄入和喜爱的影响

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108469

Britt Fleischeuer, Rosalie Mourmans, Pauline Dibbets, Katrijn Houben, Anouk E.M. Hendriks-Hartensveld, Anouk J.P. van den Brand, Ilse van Lier, Chantal Nederkoorn

Young children often consume too few fruits and vegetables, partly due to picky eating. While repeated exposure can improve acceptance, the added value of reinforcement strategies remains unclear. This pre-registered within-subject study investigated whether combining exposure with positive or negative reinforcement (using non-food rewards) enhances intake and liking of unfamiliar vegetables compared to exposure alone or a control condition. Sixty-two children aged 4–6 years participated in a 10-day school-based intervention involving all four conditions: positive reinforcement (tasting earned a cartoon card), negative reinforcement (tasting prevented card loss), exposure (tasting without rewards), and a control condition. Intake and liking of four unfamiliar vegetables (purple carrot, yellow beetroot, blue meat radish, and rutabaga) were measured on days 1 and 10, with intake also recorded during the intervention (days 2–9). Conditions and vegetable order were counterbalanced. The potential influences of reward sensitivity (RS) and punishment sensitivity (PS), and picky eating were also examined. Results from repeated-measures ANOVAs showed that positive reinforcement led to the highest post-intervention intake, followed by negative reinforcement, exposure, and control, with significant differences between all conditions. For liking, only positive reinforcement showed a significant improvement over the other conditions. RS and PS did not moderate outcomes, but higher picky eating was associated with lower intake and liking across all conditions. In conclusion, adding positive reinforcement to exposure most effectively increases young children's intake and liking of unfamiliar vegetables. This low-cost, easily implementable strategy can support parents and educators in promoting healthier eating habits in early childhood.

幼儿经常吃的水果和蔬菜太少，部分原因是挑食。虽然反复暴露可以提高接受度，但强化策略的附加价值尚不清楚。这项预先注册的受试者研究调查了与单独暴露或对照条件相比，暴露与积极或消极强化（使用非食物奖励）相结合是否会增加对不熟悉蔬菜的摄入量和喜爱。62名4-6岁的儿童参加了为期10天的学校干预，涉及所有四种条件：积极强化（品尝获得卡通卡），消极强化（品尝防止卡片丢失），暴露（品尝没有奖励）和控制条件。在第1天和第10天测量了四种不熟悉的蔬菜（紫色胡萝卜、黄色甜菜根、蓝肉萝卜和芜菁甘蓝）的摄入量和喜欢程度，并在干预期间（第2-9天）记录了摄入量。条件和蔬菜的顺序是平衡的。此外，还考察了奖励敏感性（RS）、惩罚敏感性（PS）和挑食的潜在影响。重复测量方差分析的结果显示，正强化导致干预后摄入最高，其次是负强化、暴露和对照，所有条件之间存在显著差异。对于喜欢，只有正强化比其他条件有显著的改善。RS和PS对结果没有影响，但在所有情况下，高挑食与低摄入量和喜欢程度有关。总之，在暴露中加入正强化最有效地增加了幼儿的摄入量和对不熟悉蔬菜的喜爱。这种低成本、易于实施的战略可以支持家长和教育工作者在幼儿时期促进更健康的饮食习惯。

{"title":"The influence of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and exposure on children's food intake and liking","authors":"Britt Fleischeuer, Rosalie Mourmans, Pauline Dibbets, Katrijn Houben, Anouk E.M. Hendriks-Hartensveld, Anouk J.P. van den Brand, Ilse van Lier, Chantal Nederkoorn","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Young children often consume too few fruits and vegetables, partly due to picky eating. While repeated exposure can improve acceptance, the added value of reinforcement strategies remains unclear. This pre-registered within-subject study investigated whether combining exposure with positive or negative reinforcement (using non-food rewards) enhances intake and liking of unfamiliar vegetables compared to exposure alone or a control condition. Sixty-two children aged 4–6 years participated in a 10-day school-based intervention involving all four conditions: positive reinforcement (tasting earned a cartoon card), negative reinforcement (tasting prevented card loss), exposure (tasting without rewards), and a control condition. Intake and liking of four unfamiliar vegetables (purple carrot, yellow beetroot, blue meat radish, and rutabaga) were measured on days 1 and 10, with intake also recorded during the intervention (days 2–9). Conditions and vegetable order were counterbalanced. The potential influences of reward sensitivity (RS) and punishment sensitivity (PS), and picky eating were also examined. Results from repeated-measures ANOVAs showed that positive reinforcement led to the highest post-intervention intake, followed by negative reinforcement, exposure, and control, with significant differences between all conditions. For liking, only positive reinforcement showed a significant improvement over the other conditions. RS and PS did not moderate outcomes, but higher picky eating was associated with lower intake and liking across all conditions. In conclusion, adding positive reinforcement to exposure most effectively increases young children's intake and liking of unfamiliar vegetables. This low-cost, easily implementable strategy can support parents and educators in promoting healthier eating habits in early childhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of emotional eating: food approach bias covaries with affect on days with high food craving 情绪性进食的机制：食物接近偏差与高食物渴望日的情绪共变。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108462

Mareike Röttger, Sercan Kahveci, Jens Blechert, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Hannah van Alebeek

Emotional eating (EE) - eating in response to emotions - has clinical relevance, yet its underlying mechanisms (how?) remain poorly understood. Questions also concern interindividual differences (who?), and the types of foods involved (what?). We hypothesized that negative affect would be linked to increased, and positive affect to decreased food approach bias (how?). These effects were expected to be moderated by trait EE (who?) and by the goal-congruency and hedonic value of the foods (what?).

In 76 participants with self-regulatory, diet-related goals, we measured positive and negative affect using ecological momentary assessment, and approach bias toward goal-congruent and -incongruent foods using a mobile approach-avoidance task, on nine midday assessments. Hedonic food characteristics were assessed with food-specific craving ratings in the evening, and trait EE with the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale.

There was no direct association between affect and approach bias, nor one moderated by goal-congruency. Instead, affect and approach bias covaried on high-craving days: negative affect cooccurred with higher approach bias, while positive affect cooccurred with lower approach bias. These patterns were mainly present in participants reporting more intake during negative affect or less intake during positive affect (trait EE), respectively.

Our results highlight temporally dynamic relationships between affect and approach bias as potential mechanisms of EE (how?) – although eating behavior itself was not studied here. Affect-bias links emerged on high-craving days (when?) in trait emotional eaters (who?) but irrespective of specific food characteristics (what?). This opens avenues for further mechanistic research and targeted eHealth interventions (when and in whom).

情绪性进食（情绪性进食）——对情绪的反应——具有临床相关性，但其潜在机制（如何？）仍然知之甚少。问题还涉及个体之间的差异（谁？），以及涉及的食物类型（什么？）。我们假设负面影响与食物偏好的增加有关，而积极影响与食物偏好的减少有关（怎么回事？）这些影响预计会被情感表达特质（谁？）和食物的目标一致性和享乐价值（什么？）所缓和。在76名具有自我调节、饮食相关目标的参与者中，我们使用生态瞬时评估来测量积极和消极影响，并使用移动方法-回避任务来测量对目标一致和不一致食物的方法偏差，共进行了9次中午评估。享乐性食物的特征是用晚上特定食物的渴望等级来评估的，而特征情感表达是用萨尔茨堡情绪饮食量表来评估的。情感和方法偏差之间没有直接的联系，也没有被目标一致性所调节。相反，在高渴望日，情感和接近偏差共变：消极情感与较高的接近偏差同时发生，而积极情感与较低的接近偏差同时发生。这些模式分别主要出现在消极情绪摄入较多或积极情绪摄入较少的参与者（特质情感）中。我们的研究结果强调了情感和方法偏见之间的时间动态关系是情感表达的潜在机制（如何？）尽管这里并没有研究饮食行为本身。在特质情绪化食者（谁？）的高渴望日（什么时候？）中出现了情感偏见联系，但与特定的食物特征（什么？）无关。这为进一步的机械研究和有针对性的电子卫生干预（何时和对谁）开辟了道路。

{"title":"Mechanisms of emotional eating: food approach bias covaries with affect on days with high food craving","authors":"Mareike Röttger, Sercan Kahveci, Jens Blechert, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Hannah van Alebeek","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emotional eating (EE) - eating in response to emotions - has clinical relevance, yet its underlying mechanisms (how?) remain poorly understood. Questions also concern interindividual differences (who?), and the types of foods involved (what?). We hypothesized that negative affect would be linked to increased, and positive affect to decreased food approach bias (how?). These effects were expected to be moderated by trait EE (who?) and by the goal-congruency and hedonic value of the foods (what?).</div><div>In 76 participants with self-regulatory, diet-related goals, we measured positive and negative affect using ecological momentary assessment, and approach bias toward goal-congruent and -incongruent foods using a mobile approach-avoidance task, on nine midday assessments. Hedonic food characteristics were assessed with food-specific craving ratings in the evening, and trait EE with the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale.</div><div>There was no direct association between affect and approach bias, nor one moderated by goal-congruency. Instead, affect and approach bias covaried on high-craving days: negative affect cooccurred with higher approach bias, while positive affect cooccurred with lower approach bias. These patterns were mainly present in participants reporting more intake during negative affect or less intake during positive affect (trait EE), respectively.</div><div>Our results highlight temporally dynamic relationships between affect and approach bias as potential mechanisms of EE (how?) – although eating behavior itself was not studied here. Affect-bias links emerged on high-craving days (when?) in trait emotional eaters (who?) but irrespective of specific food characteristics (what?). This opens avenues for further mechanistic research and targeted eHealth interventions (when and in whom).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dietary acculturation and eating habits of Ukrainian children in Finland: A socio-ecological framework analysis 芬兰乌克兰儿童的饮食文化适应和饮食习惯：社会生态框架分析

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108464

Dina Fedorova , Emmi Tilli , Carola Ray , Maijaliisa Erkkola

The Russian invasion of Ukraine displaced millions of children who face acute stress and require rapid adaptation to unfamiliar environments, potentially affecting lifelong health outcomes. This qualitative study explored factors influencing dietary acculturation and eating habits of Ukrainian children resettled in Finland. Five focus groups were conducted in August 2024 with 16 mothers and 12 children (aged 8–13 years) recruited through the Ukrainian Association in Finland. Interviews were conducted in Ukrainian, and transcripts were analysed in English using ATLAS.ti software, applying a socio-ecological framework to identify drivers and barriers across societal, school, family, and child levels.

Major barriers included financial constraints and unfamiliar mixed ingredients in school meals at societal and school levels; strict adherence to Ukrainian food practices, unstructured snacking, and stress eating at family level; and resistant food preferences and picky eating at child level. Key drivers were affordable fresh produce and fish availability, free school lunches, and immigrant support; mandatory meal attendance, repeated exposure, and early food education; transition to bicultural eating patterns and adopting Finnish parental practices; and gradual food tasting and increased vegetable and fish consumption. Age-dependent patterns emerged as both barriers and drivers, with younger children showing less entrenched preferences and stronger peer conformity, facilitating dietary change, while older children's established tastes hindered acculturation.

Dietary acculturation is shaped by multi-level factors, including children's age, family practices, food policy, and Finland's supportive context. Quantitative studies are needed to confirm findings across socio-ecological levels.

俄罗斯入侵乌克兰使数百万儿童流离失所，他们面临严重压力，需要迅速适应不熟悉的环境，可能影响终身健康结果。本定性研究探讨了影响芬兰乌克兰儿童饮食文化适应和饮食习惯的因素。2024年8月，通过芬兰乌克兰协会招募了16名母亲和12名儿童（8-13岁），开展了5个焦点小组。访谈以乌克兰语进行，并使用ATLAS用英语分析笔录。Ti软件，应用社会生态框架来识别跨社会、学校、家庭和儿童层面的驱动因素和障碍。主要障碍包括财政限制和不熟悉社会和学校层面的校餐混合成分；严格遵守乌克兰的饮食习惯，无结构的零食，以及家庭层面的压力饮食；以及儿童对食物的偏好和挑食。主要驱动因素是可负担得起的新鲜农产品和鱼类供应、免费学校午餐和移民支持；强制用餐、反复暴露和早期饮食教育；向双文化饮食模式过渡，采用芬兰父母的做法；逐渐品尝食物，增加蔬菜和鱼类的摄入量。年龄相关的模式既是障碍，也是驱动因素，年龄较小的孩子表现出不那么根深蒂固的偏好，更强的同伴一致性，促进了饮食变化，而年龄较大的孩子的既定口味阻碍了文化适应。饮食文化适应是由多层因素形成的，包括儿童的年龄、家庭习惯、食品政策和芬兰的支持环境。需要进行定量研究来确认跨社会生态层面的发现。

{"title":"Dietary acculturation and eating habits of Ukrainian children in Finland: A socio-ecological framework analysis","authors":"Dina Fedorova , Emmi Tilli , Carola Ray , Maijaliisa Erkkola","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Russian invasion of Ukraine displaced millions of children who face acute stress and require rapid adaptation to unfamiliar environments, potentially affecting lifelong health outcomes. This qualitative study explored factors influencing dietary acculturation and eating habits of Ukrainian children resettled in Finland. Five focus groups were conducted in August 2024 with 16 mothers and 12 children (aged 8–13 years) recruited through the Ukrainian Association in Finland. Interviews were conducted in Ukrainian, and transcripts were analysed in English using ATLAS.ti software, applying a socio-ecological framework to identify drivers and barriers across societal, school, family, and child levels.</div><div>Major barriers included financial constraints and unfamiliar mixed ingredients in school meals at societal and school levels; strict adherence to Ukrainian food practices, unstructured snacking, and stress eating at family level; and resistant food preferences and picky eating at child level. Key drivers were affordable fresh produce and fish availability, free school lunches, and immigrant support; mandatory meal attendance, repeated exposure, and early food education; transition to bicultural eating patterns and adopting Finnish parental practices; and gradual food tasting and increased vegetable and fish consumption. Age-dependent patterns emerged as both barriers and drivers, with younger children showing less entrenched preferences and stronger peer conformity, facilitating dietary change, while older children's established tastes hindered acculturation.</div><div>Dietary acculturation is shaped by multi-level factors, including children's age, family practices, food policy, and Finland's supportive context. Quantitative studies are needed to confirm findings across socio-ecological levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategies young adults use to reduce sodium consumption in a family-led intervention: A photo elicitation study to inform contributors to acceptability and adoption 年轻人在家庭主导的干预中减少钠摄入量的策略：一项照片启发研究，告知贡献者可接受性和采用性。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108465

Kimberly Mei Yi Low, Felicia Jia Hui Chan, Mary Foong-Fong Chong, Cindy Mei Jun Chan, Shahmir H. Ali

Background

Family-based approaches are increasingly emphasized for non-communicable disease prevention, yet how family dynamics shape the uptake of sodium-reduction practices remains underexplored in Southeast Asian households.

Purpose

To examine how Singaporean young adults initiated sodium-reduction strategies within their families and how relational and contextual factors influenced adoption and acceptability of these strategies.

Method

Following a family-led sodium-reduction intervention, young adults and family members completed a photoelicitation study of post-intervention practices. Participants submitted 1 to 2 photographs of shared meals or sodium-reduction efforts, followed by online semi-structured interviews or family group discussions. Data were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed, with the Theory of Planned Behavior informing interpretation.

Findings

The study included 22 participants from 11 families (11 young adults; 11 family members including parents, spouses, and siblings). Young adults described practical, relationship-sensitive strategies, including substituting lower-sodium products, using natural flavour enhancers, and providing real-time feedback during cooking. Approach and communication varied by relationship and household role, with more deferential messaging with elders, more direct exchanges with siblings, and more collaborative efforts with partners. Adoption and acceptability were supported by shared meals, emotional closeness, and supportive family climates, and challenged by entrenched habits, familiar taste preferences, and concerns about conflict.

Conclusions

Participants described tangible post-intervention changes in household food practices and highlighted how these changes were achieved through strategic, relationship-sensitive negotiation within everyday family life. Interventions may be strengthened by tailoring support to household roles and communication patterns to enhance adoption and acceptability.

背景：以家庭为基础的方法越来越多地被强调用于非传染性疾病预防，但家庭动态如何影响东南亚家庭减少钠摄入量的做法仍未得到充分探讨。目的：研究新加坡年轻人如何在家庭中发起减钠策略，以及关系和背景因素如何影响这些策略的采用和可接受性。方法：在以家庭为主导的减钠干预后，年轻人和家庭成员完成了干预后实践的照片激发研究。参与者提交了1到2张共同用餐或减少钠摄入量的照片，随后是在线半结构化访谈或家庭小组讨论。数据被记录、转录并进行主题分析，计划行为理论为解释提供信息。研究结果：该研究包括来自11个家庭的22名参与者（11名年轻人；11名家庭成员，包括父母、配偶和兄弟姐妹）。年轻人描述了实用的、关系敏感的策略，包括替代低钠产品，使用天然增味剂，以及在烹饪过程中提供实时反馈。方法和沟通因关系和家庭角色而异，与长辈的交流更恭敬，与兄弟姐妹的交流更直接，与伴侣的合作更努力。共同进餐、情感亲密和支持性的家庭氛围支持了收养和接受，而根深蒂固的习惯、熟悉的口味偏好和对冲突的担忧则对收养和接受提出了挑战。结论：参与者描述了干预后家庭饮食习惯的切实变化，并强调了这些变化是如何通过日常家庭生活中的战略性、关系敏感的谈判实现的。可以根据家庭的作用和交流方式提供支助，加强干预措施，以提高采用和接受程度。

{"title":"Strategies young adults use to reduce sodium consumption in a family-led intervention: A photo elicitation study to inform contributors to acceptability and adoption","authors":"Kimberly Mei Yi Low, Felicia Jia Hui Chan, Mary Foong-Fong Chong, Cindy Mei Jun Chan, Shahmir H. Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Family-based approaches are increasingly emphasized for non-communicable disease prevention, yet how family dynamics shape the uptake of sodium-reduction practices remains underexplored in Southeast Asian households.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine how Singaporean young adults initiated sodium-reduction strategies within their families and how relational and contextual factors influenced adoption and acceptability of these strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Following a family-led sodium-reduction intervention, young adults and family members completed a photoelicitation study of post-intervention practices. Participants submitted 1 to 2 photographs of shared meals or sodium-reduction efforts, followed by online semi-structured interviews or family group discussions. Data were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed, with the Theory of Planned Behavior informing interpretation.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The study included 22 participants from 11 families (11 young adults; 11 family members including parents, spouses, and siblings). Young adults described practical, relationship-sensitive strategies, including substituting lower-sodium products, using natural flavour enhancers, and providing real-time feedback during cooking. Approach and communication varied by relationship and household role, with more deferential messaging with elders, more direct exchanges with siblings, and more collaborative efforts with partners. Adoption and acceptability were supported by shared meals, emotional closeness, and supportive family climates, and challenged by entrenched habits, familiar taste preferences, and concerns about conflict.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Participants described tangible post-intervention changes in household food practices and highlighted how these changes were achieved through strategic, relationship-sensitive negotiation within everyday family life. Interventions may be strengthened by tailoring support to household roles and communication patterns to enhance adoption and acceptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The indirect effect of emotion regulation on the association between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction 情绪调节在不良童年经历与食物成瘾关系中的间接作用。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108455

Negin Ghaffari , Christina M. Hassija , Aaron A. Lee

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked with poorer mental and physical health outcomes among adults, including difficulties with emotion regulation and dysregulated eating behavior. For example, emotional regulation difficulties have been shown to mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and food addiction. Yet, little is known about which types of emotion regulation link ACES to food addiction. The goal of the present study was to examine the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between ACEs and food addiction. Undergraduate college students from a primarily Hispanic-serving institution (N = 110) completed an online survey assessing emotion dysregulation, ACEs, and food addiction. The sample was primarily comprised of Hispanic (77 %) younger adults (M_age = 25.5, SD = 8.7). As predicted, there was a significant positive association between ACEs and food addiction (p < .001) and a positive association between food addiction and emotional dysregulation (p < .001). There was a significant indirect effect of emotional dysregulation in relation to adverse childhood experiences and food addiction. Among the emotion regulation difficulties domains, having limited access to emotion regulation strategies emerged as a significant mechanism in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction (p < .001). Deficits in emotion regulation skills may increase the risk of developing food addiction among individuals with a history of ACEs. Emotion regulation strategies in preventative care and treatment may therefore help reduce the risk of food addiction among individuals with a history of childhood adversity.

不良的童年经历（ace）与成年人较差的精神和身体健康结果有关，包括情绪调节困难和饮食行为失调。例如，情绪调节困难已被证明可以调解童年创伤和食物成瘾之间的关系。然而，对于哪些类型的情绪调节将ace与食物成瘾联系起来，我们知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨情绪调节在ace和食物成瘾之间的关系中的作用。来自一所主要为西班牙裔服务机构的本科生（N = 110）完成了一项评估情绪失调、ace和食物成瘾的在线调查。样本主要由西班牙裔（77%）年轻人组成（Mage = 25.5, SD = 8.7）。正如预测的那样，ace与食物成瘾呈显著正相关（p < 0.001），食物成瘾与情绪失调呈显著正相关（p < 0.001）。情绪失调对儿童不良经历和食物成瘾有显著的间接影响。在情绪调节困难领域中，对情绪调节策略的获取有限是不良童年经历与食物成瘾之间关系的重要机制

{"title":"The indirect effect of emotion regulation on the association between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction","authors":"Negin Ghaffari , Christina M. Hassija , Aaron A. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked with poorer mental and physical health outcomes among adults, including difficulties with emotion regulation and dysregulated eating behavior. For example, emotional regulation difficulties have been shown to mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and food addiction. Yet, little is known about which types of emotion regulation link ACES to food addiction. The goal of the present study was to examine the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between ACEs and food addiction. Undergraduate college students from a primarily Hispanic-serving institution (N = 110) completed an online survey assessing emotion dysregulation, ACEs, and food addiction. The sample was primarily comprised of Hispanic (77 %) younger adults (<em>M</em><sub><em>age</em></sub> = 25.5, <em>SD</em> = 8.7). As predicted, there was a significant positive association between ACEs and food addiction (<em>p</em> < .001) and a positive association between food addiction and emotional dysregulation (<em>p</em> < .001). There was a significant indirect effect of emotional dysregulation in relation to adverse childhood experiences and food addiction. Among the emotion regulation difficulties domains, having limited access to emotion regulation strategies emerged as a significant mechanism in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and food addiction (<em>p</em> < .001). Deficits in emotion regulation skills may increase the risk of developing food addiction among individuals with a history of ACEs. Emotion regulation strategies in preventative care and treatment may therefore help reduce the risk of food addiction among individuals with a history of childhood adversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liking and Valence for Sugar-and-Fat Mixtures are Heightened in Weight-Reduced Individuals Relative to Individuals Not Weight-Reduced. 体重减轻的个体对糖和脂肪混合物的喜爱程度和效价高于未体重减轻的个体。

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108460

Sarah H Guo, Kimberly R Smith

Physiological adaptations are a well-established component of body weight regulation. It remains unclear whether hedonic responsiveness to food is similarly modulated by changes in body weight. Here we tested the hypothesis that body weight reduction results in increased liking of sugar-and-fat mixtures. Participants (ages 18-67) who were weight reduced (WR; 22.9 lbs ± 9.3 lbs below self-reported maximum lifetime body weight) or not weight reduced (NR; 1.3 lbs ± 4.3 lbs of self-reported maximum lifetime body weight) rated their level of liking for 12 mixtures varying in milkfat (0, 3.3, 11, 38%) and added sugar (0, 10, 20%) and completed the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Groups (N=10M,10F/group) were matched across body weight, body fat, body mass index, fat-free mass, muscle mass, visceral fat, and resting metabolic rate. Liking ratings for sugar-sweetened mixtures were higher in the WR compared to the NR group. The WR group rated sugar-sweetened mixtures positively and unsweetened mixtures negatively, whereas the NR group provided largely neutral ratings across all mixtures. In the NR group, reward sensitivity negatively correlated with liking for unsweetened mixtures and positively correlated with liking for sugar-sweetened mixtures. These relationships were not observed in the WR group, indicating a decoupling of general reward sensitivity from hedonic taste responses in the weight-reduced state independent of body composition. Heightened sugar liking and its decoupling from trait reward sensitivity may represent mechanisms by which biological systems defend against sustained weight loss and contribute to the challenges of long-term weight loss maintenance.

生理适应是体重调节的重要组成部分。目前尚不清楚对食物的享乐反应是否同样受到体重变化的调节。在这里，我们测试了体重减轻导致对糖和脂肪混合物的喜爱增加的假设。体重减轻（比自我报告的最大一生体重低22.9磅±9.3磅）或体重未减轻（比自我报告的最大一生体重低1.3磅±4.3磅）的参与者（年龄18-67岁）对12种乳脂（0、3.3、11、38%）和添加糖（0、10、20%）混合物的喜欢程度进行了评分，并完成了惩罚敏感性和奖励敏感性问卷。各组（N=10M，10F/组）按体重、体脂、体质量指数、无脂质量、肌肉质量、内脏脂肪和静息代谢率进行匹配。与NR组相比，WR组对含糖混合物的喜欢程度更高。WR组对加糖混合物的评价是积极的，对不加糖混合物的评价是消极的，而NR组对所有混合物的评价基本上是中性的。在NR组中，奖励敏感性与喜欢不加糖的混合物呈负相关，与喜欢加糖的混合物呈正相关。在WR组中没有观察到这些关系，这表明在体重减轻状态下，一般奖励敏感性与快乐味觉反应分离，与身体成分无关。高糖偏好及其与性状奖励敏感性的脱钩可能代表了生物系统抵御持续减肥的机制，并有助于长期减肥维持的挑战。

{"title":"Liking and Valence for Sugar-and-Fat Mixtures are Heightened in Weight-Reduced Individuals Relative to Individuals Not Weight-Reduced.","authors":"Sarah H Guo, Kimberly R Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physiological adaptations are a well-established component of body weight regulation. It remains unclear whether hedonic responsiveness to food is similarly modulated by changes in body weight. Here we tested the hypothesis that body weight reduction results in increased liking of sugar-and-fat mixtures. Participants (ages 18-67) who were weight reduced (WR; 22.9 lbs ± 9.3 lbs below self-reported maximum lifetime body weight) or not weight reduced (NR; 1.3 lbs ± 4.3 lbs of self-reported maximum lifetime body weight) rated their level of liking for 12 mixtures varying in milkfat (0, 3.3, 11, 38%) and added sugar (0, 10, 20%) and completed the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Groups (N=10M,10F/group) were matched across body weight, body fat, body mass index, fat-free mass, muscle mass, visceral fat, and resting metabolic rate. Liking ratings for sugar-sweetened mixtures were higher in the WR compared to the NR group. The WR group rated sugar-sweetened mixtures positively and unsweetened mixtures negatively, whereas the NR group provided largely neutral ratings across all mixtures. In the NR group, reward sensitivity negatively correlated with liking for unsweetened mixtures and positively correlated with liking for sugar-sweetened mixtures. These relationships were not observed in the WR group, indicating a decoupling of general reward sensitivity from hedonic taste responses in the weight-reduced state independent of body composition. Heightened sugar liking and its decoupling from trait reward sensitivity may represent mechanisms by which biological systems defend against sustained weight loss and contribute to the challenges of long-term weight loss maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of distinct food reward processing stages in restrained eating subtypes: An ERP study 不同食物奖励加工阶段在克制进食亚型中的作用：一项ERP研究

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108463

Xiaowei Xie , Hong Chen

Restrained eating refers to the intention to limit food intake for weight control, yet individuals differ in their ability to maintain this behavior, leading to their classification as either successful (SREs) or unsuccessful (UREs) restrained eaters. Although reward processing is known to influence eating behavior, how this processing at distinct stages relates to individual differences in restrained eating remains unclear. This study employed a food incentive delay task combined with event-related potentials (ERPs) to compare electrophysiological activity between SREs (n = 30) and UREs (n = 30) during both wanting and liking stages of reward processing. Specifically, we measured two anticipatory ERPs (i.e., “wanting”): the contingent negative variation (CNV) during target anticipation and the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN) during feedback anticipation; and one consummatory ERP (i.e., “liking”): the P300 component during feedback receipt. Results revealed no group differences in CNV amplitudes, suggesting similar motor preparation. In contrast, SPN amplitudes were larger for food reward compared to neutral trials. Crucially, UREs exhibited larger SPN amplitudes specifically in high-calorie food reward than SREs, indicating stronger wanting. During feedback receipt, although P300 amplitudes were larger in reward trials than neutral trials, no significant group differences were observed, suggesting similar levels of liking toward food rewards across groups. This is the first study to provide electrophysiological evidence that differences between SREs and UREs emerge primarily during food reward anticipation, rather than receipt, indicating that heightened wanting may contribute to dietary failures in UREs.

节制饮食指的是为了控制体重而限制食物摄入的意图，但个体维持这种行为的能力不同，导致他们分为成功（SREs）和不成功（UREs）两类。虽然我们知道奖励过程会影响进食行为，但这种过程在不同阶段与克制进食的个体差异之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究采用结合事件相关电位（ERPs）的食物激励延迟任务，比较了30名SREs （n = 30）和30名UREs （n = 30）在奖励加工的想要和喜欢阶段的电生理活动。具体而言，我们测量了两种预期erp（即“想要”）：目标预期期间的偶然负性变异（CNV）和反馈预期期间的刺激前负性（SPN）；一个完成性ERP（即“喜欢”）：反馈接收过程中的P300成分。结果显示CNV振幅各组无差异，提示运动准备相似。相比之下，与中性试验相比，食物奖励组的SPN振幅更大。关键是，在高热量食物奖励中，UREs比SREs表现出更大的SPN振幅，表明更强烈的欲望。在接受反馈的过程中，尽管奖励试验中的P300振幅大于中性试验，但没有观察到显著的组间差异，这表明各组对食物奖励的喜爱程度相似。这是第一个提供电生理学证据的研究，表明SREs和ure之间的差异主要出现在食物奖励预期过程中，而不是在接受过程中，这表明欲望的增强可能导致ure的饮食失败。

{"title":"The role of distinct food reward processing stages in restrained eating subtypes: An ERP study","authors":"Xiaowei Xie , Hong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Restrained eating refers to the intention to limit food intake for weight control, yet individuals differ in their ability to maintain this behavior, leading to their classification as either successful (SREs) or unsuccessful (UREs) restrained eaters. Although reward processing is known to influence eating behavior, how this processing at distinct stages relates to individual differences in restrained eating remains unclear. This study employed a food incentive delay task combined with event-related potentials (ERPs) to compare electrophysiological activity between SREs (n = 30) and UREs (n = 30) during both wanting and liking stages of reward processing. Specifically, we measured two anticipatory ERPs (i.e., “wanting”): the contingent negative variation (CNV) during target anticipation and the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN) during feedback anticipation; and one consummatory ERP (i.e., “liking”): the P300 component during feedback receipt. Results revealed no group differences in CNV amplitudes, suggesting similar motor preparation. In contrast, SPN amplitudes were larger for food reward compared to neutral trials. Crucially, UREs exhibited larger SPN amplitudes specifically in high-calorie food reward than SREs, indicating stronger wanting. During feedback receipt, although P300 amplitudes were larger in reward trials than neutral trials, no significant group differences were observed, suggesting similar levels of liking toward food rewards across groups. This is the first study to provide electrophysiological evidence that differences between SREs and UREs emerge primarily during food reward anticipation, rather than receipt, indicating that heightened wanting may contribute to dietary failures in UREs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of parental feeding practices and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children 父母喂养方式和家庭环境因素对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108461

Alison Wing Lam Wan , Derwin King Chung Chan , Kevin Kien Hoa Chung

From family and ecological systems perspectives, parental feeding styles at the dyadic level play a proximal role in shaping young children's eating behaviours. However, far less is known about how broader family-level factors contribute to these behaviours. This cross-sectional study investigated the contribution of parental feeding styles and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children. A total of 253 parent–child dyads were recruited from 16 kindergartens in Hong Kong, China. Parents completed validated questionnaires, namely the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire and the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, which assessed feeding styles (instrumental, emotional, encouragement to eat, and control over eating), the home environmental factors (mealtime structure, mealtime distractions, and household chaos), and children's appetite-trait eating behaviours. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for demographic variables, were conducted. Parental feeding styles explained 3–12 % of the variance in children's eating behaviours. Notably, control over eating was associated with lower emotional overeating and reduced food fussiness, as well as with lower satiety responsiveness (i.e., greater appetite). Adding home environmental factors explained an additional 15 % of the variance beyond feeding styles, with significant incremental contributions observed for desire to drink, food responsiveness, and slowness in eating. These findings underscore that both proximal feeding styles and family-level home environmental factors uniquely and additively shape preschool children's eating behaviours. Interventions should therefore promote not only responsive and structured parental feeding styles but also structured mealtimes, reduced mealtime distractions, and a more organised household environment to support healthy eating in children.

从家庭和生态系统的角度来看，父母在二元水平上的喂养方式在塑造幼儿的饮食行为中起着近端作用。然而，对于更广泛的家庭层面因素如何影响这些行为，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨父母喂养方式和家庭环境因素对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响。在中国香港16所幼儿园共招募了253对亲子对。父母完成了有效的问卷调查，即父母喂养方式问卷和儿童饮食行为问卷，评估了喂养方式（工具性，情绪性，鼓励进食和控制进食），家庭环境因素（用餐时间结构，用餐时间分心和家庭混乱）以及儿童的食欲特征饮食行为。分层多元回归分析，控制人口变量。父母的喂养方式解释了3 - 12%的儿童饮食行为差异。值得注意的是，对饮食的控制与情绪性暴饮暴食的降低、对食物的挑剔程度降低以及饱腹感的降低（即胃口更大）有关。除了喂养方式之外，家庭环境因素还解释了另外15%的差异，其中观察到的饮水欲望、食物反应能力和进食速度的显著增量贡献。这些研究结果强调，近端喂养方式和家庭环境因素共同影响着学龄前儿童的饮食行为。因此，干预措施不仅应促进反应灵敏和有组织的父母喂养方式，还应促进有组织的用餐时间，减少用餐时间的干扰，以及更有组织的家庭环境，以支持儿童的健康饮食。

{"title":"Contribution of parental feeding practices and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children","authors":"Alison Wing Lam Wan , Derwin King Chung Chan , Kevin Kien Hoa Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2026.108461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From family and ecological systems perspectives, parental feeding styles at the dyadic level play a proximal role in shaping young children's eating behaviours. However, far less is known about how broader family-level factors contribute to these behaviours. This cross-sectional study investigated the contribution of parental feeding styles and home environmental factors to the eating behaviours of preschool children. A total of 253 parent–child dyads were recruited from 16 kindergartens in Hong Kong, China. Parents completed validated questionnaires, namely the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire and the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, which assessed feeding styles (instrumental, emotional, encouragement to eat, and control over eating), the home environmental factors (mealtime structure, mealtime distractions, and household chaos), and children's appetite-trait eating behaviours. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for demographic variables, were conducted. Parental feeding styles explained 3–12 % of the variance in children's eating behaviours. Notably, control over eating was associated with lower emotional overeating and reduced food fussiness, as well as with lower satiety responsiveness (i.e., greater appetite). Adding home environmental factors explained an additional 15 % of the variance beyond feeding styles, with significant incremental contributions observed for desire to drink, food responsiveness, and slowness in eating. These findings underscore that both proximal feeding styles and family-level home environmental factors uniquely and additively shape preschool children's eating behaviours. Interventions should therefore promote not only responsive and structured parental feeding styles but also structured mealtimes, reduced mealtime distractions, and a more organised household environment to support healthy eating in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 108461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0