Appetite最新文献_第5页

No evidence for goal priming or sensory specific satiety effects following exposure to ambient food odours 没有证据表明暴露于环境食物气味后会产生目标引物或特定感官饱腹感效应。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107730

Rachel Hagan , Ralph Pawling , Francis McGlone , Susannah C. Walker

Sensory-specific satiety describes a decline in hedonic value of the taste of a food as it is consumed, relative to a non-consumed food – the pudding tummy phenomenon. Incentive motivation towards consumed foods has also been shown to decline. Interestingly, several studies report that brief exposure to food odours can also produce a sensory-specific satiety effect, in the absence of consumption, selectively reducing hedonic ratings and subsequent high calorie food choices. Yet, other studies report goal-priming effects of ambient odours, in which brief implicit exposure increases the hedonic value of odour congruent food options. The present study aimed to determine whether exposure to ambient food odours would enhance or reduce incentive motivation for associated foods. Participants completed either an ambient odour (N = 38) or food consumption (N = 40) task. In both, participants were randomly assigned to an indulgent (chocolate) or non-indulgent (orange) food group and completed two blocks of a cross-modality matching grip-force task. One block was completed immediately before, the other immediately after, odour exposure/food consumption. A grip-force transducer measured effort exerted “to win” briefly presented (33 or 200ms) visual images of these foods, relative to control stimuli. In both studies, participants exerted greater effort to win the food items than control images. While neither satiety nor priming effects were found following ambient odour exposure, a classic sensory-specific satiety effect was found in the food consumption study. That is, force exerted for chocolate images declined significantly following chocolate consumption, in the absence of any decline in motivation for orange stimuli. While differences in odour exposure findings could be explained by factors such as concentration, timing, and nature of exposure, questions remain about the robustness of previously reported odour induced satiety and priming effects.

感官特异性饱腹感描述的是，相对于未食用的食物，食用食物后其味道的享乐价值会下降--这就是布丁肚子现象。研究还表明，对已食用食物的刺激动机也会下降。有几项研究报告称，短暂接触食物气味也会在不食用的情况下产生特定感觉的饱腹感效应，选择性地降低享乐评价和随后对高热量食物的选择。然而，另一些研究报告了环境气味的目标刺激效应，即短暂的隐性暴露会增加气味一致的食物选择的享乐价值。本研究旨在确定暴露于环境食物气味是否会提高或降低对相关食物的激励动机。参与者需要完成环境气味任务（38 人）或食物消费任务（40 人）。在这两项任务中，受试者都被随机分配到放纵食物组（巧克力）或非放纵食物组（橙子），并完成两组跨模态匹配握力任务。其中一个区块在接触气味/食用食物之前完成，另一个区块在接触气味/食用食物之后完成。相对于对照组刺激，握力传感器测量的是 "为赢得 "短暂呈现（33 或 200 毫秒）的这些食物的视觉图像所付出的努力。在这两项研究中，与对照组图像相比，参与者为赢得食物所付出的努力更大。虽然在接触环境气味后既没有发现饱腹感，也没有发现引物效应，但在食物消费研究中却发现了典型的感觉特异性饱腹感效应。也就是说，在食用巧克力后，对巧克力图像的动力明显下降，而对橙色刺激的动力却没有下降。虽然气味暴露结果的差异可以用暴露的浓度、时间和性质等因素来解释，但之前报道的气味诱发饱腹感和引物效应的稳健性仍然存在问题。

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引用次数: 0

Mixed methods evaluation of a low-carbohydrate high-fat nutrition education program for women from underserved communities in South Africa 针对南非服务不足社区妇女的低碳水化合物高脂肪营养教育计划的混合方法评估。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107725

Georgina Pujol-Busquets , James Smith , Sergi Fàbregues , Anna Bach-Faig , Kate Larmuth

South Africa faces a dual burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and communicable diseases, exacerbated by the high consumption of processed foods. The Eat Better South Africa (EBSA) program implements community-based low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) interventions to address these issues. This study evaluated the impact of EBSA's 6-week program on the metabolic health and well-being of 32 women from underserved communities. It assessed outcomes before, immediately after, and six months post-intervention (n = 21). Quantitative findings showed significant improvements in key health markers. After six months, participants experienced an average weight loss of 5.6 kg (+- 5.5), a BMI reduction of 2 kg/m², and a waist circumference decrease of 6.6 cm. Blood pressure dropped by 10.7 mmHg on average, and fasting glucose levels decreased significantly. Reductions were also observed in triglycerides and HbA1c, indicating better glycemic control. Liver function markers (GGT, ALT) and inflammation markers (CRP) improved as well. Qualitative analysis highlighted several key themes: participants were motivated by a desire to improve their health and lose weight but faced challenges such as social pressures, community violence, and scepticism about the diet's affordability and sustainability. Despite these barriers, positive experiences like increased energy and better hunger control were reported. Participants expressed the need for ongoing support to maintain these changes, both from the program and from their community. These findings suggest that LCHF diets can effectively manage metabolic conditions, but long-term adherence is challenged by socio-economic factors. The study highlights the importance of community-based interventions and highlights the need for further research to develop sustainable health strategies in low-income settings.

南非面临着非传染性疾病（NCD）和传染性疾病的双重负担，而加工食品的大量消费又加剧了这一负担。南非吃得更好（EBSA）计划在社区实施低碳水化合物、高脂肪（LCHF）干预措施，以解决这些问题。这项研究评估了 EBSA 为期 6 周的计划对来自服务不足社区的 32 名妇女的代谢健康和福祉的影响。研究评估了干预前、干预后和干预后 6 个月的结果（n = 21）。定量研究结果表明，关键健康指标有了明显改善。六个月后，参与者的体重平均减轻了 5.6 公斤（+- 5.5），体重指数降低了 2 公斤/平方米，腰围减少了 6.6 厘米。血压平均下降了 10.7 毫米汞柱，空腹血糖水平显著下降。甘油三酯和 HbA1c 也有所下降，表明血糖控制有所改善。肝功能指标（谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶）和炎症指标（CRP）也有所改善。定性分析突出了几个关键主题：参与者的动机是希望改善健康状况和减轻体重，但也面临着一些挑战，如社会压力、社区暴力以及对饮食的可负担性和可持续性的怀疑。尽管存在这些障碍，但参与者仍报告了积极的体验，如增加能量和更好地控制饥饿感。参与者表示需要持续的支持，以保持这些变化，包括来自项目和社区的支持。这些研究结果表明，低碳水化合物饮食可以有效控制代谢状况，但长期坚持却受到社会经济因素的挑战。这项研究强调了以社区为基础的干预措施的重要性，并突出了进一步研究在低收入环境中制定可持续健康策略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

The only constant is change: Stable vs. variable aspects of food approach bias relate differently to food craving and intake 唯一不变的是变化：食物接触偏差的稳定与可变方面与食物渴望和摄入量的关系不同。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107726

Hannah van Alebeek, Mareike Röttger, Sercan Kahveci, Jens Blechert, Matthias Burkard Aulbach

The tendency to approach food faster than to avoid it (i.e., approach bias) is thought to facilitate food intake, particularly foods that conflict with one's dietary goals. However, this relationship has been difficult to demonstrate, which ties into an ongoing debate about whether such cognitive-behavioral biases represent stable traits or fluctuating states. We thus investigated the temporal fluctuations of food approach bias (1), its within-participant association with food craving (2) and intake (3), and the role of top-down control in this bias-intake association (4). The 76 participants completed an impulsivity questionnaire and performed a smartphone-based approach-avoidance task on nine days. Every day, they also reported their daily craving, intake, and dietary intentions for 12 personalized foods they wanted to eat less or more often over the study period. Approach bias varied considerably within individuals (1), and correlated in unexpected ways with food craving (2) and intake (3); this association of approach bias with intake was moderated by inter-individual differences (rather than day-to-day fluctuations) in dietary intentions and impulsivity (4). Results emphasize the need to re-conceptualize approach bias as comprising both state and trait components, and indicate that the more trait-like aspects of top-down control gate the relationship of approach bias with intake. The large day-to-day variation in approach bias may explain why single-session bias measures often do not predict distal outcomes like body weight. Furthermore, our results suggest that interventions targeting approach bias may be most effective for certain timepoints (high-risk situations) and individuals (those with weak dietary intentions).

接近食物比避免食物更快的倾向（即接近偏差）被认为会促进食物摄入，尤其是与个人饮食目标相冲突的食物。然而，这种关系一直难以证明，这也是目前关于这种认知行为偏差是代表稳定特质还是波动状态的争论焦点。因此，我们研究了食物接近偏差的时间波动（1）、偏差与食物渴望（2）和摄入量（3）之间的内部联系，以及自上而下的控制在偏差与摄入量之间的联系中的作用（4）。76 名参与者填写了一份冲动性问卷，并在 9 天内完成了一项基于智能手机的接近-回避任务。在研究期间，他们还每天报告自己对 12 种个性化食物的渴望、摄入量和饮食意向，他们希望在研究期间少吃或多吃这些食物。接近偏差在个体内部存在很大差异（1），并以意想不到的方式与食物渴望（2）和摄入量（3）相关联；接近偏差与摄入量的这种关联被饮食意向和冲动性的个体间差异（而非每日波动）所调节（4）。研究结果表明，有必要重新认识接近偏差，将其视为由状态和特质两部分组成，并表明自上而下控制中更类似于特质的方面控制着接近偏差与摄入量之间的关系。接近偏差每天都有很大的变化，这也许可以解释为什么单次偏差测量往往不能预测体重等远期结果。此外，我们的研究结果表明，针对接近偏差的干预措施可能对某些时间点（高风险情况）和个体（饮食意愿不强的个体）最为有效。

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引用次数: 0

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107727

Simone Gonzaga do Carmo , Maísa Miranda Araújo , Maria Eduarda Coelho Bittencourt Cavalcanti , Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo , Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho , Patrícia Borges Botelho

Eating behavior can be influenced by external factors; however, there is no consensus on the existence of differences in eating behavior between the sexes in stressful situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review assessed whether there was a difference in eating behavior between sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search of nine databases (Medline/Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, VHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar) was conducted in October 2023. Studies reporting eating behaviors in males and females during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instrument. Stratified meta-analyses were conducted using the STATA software. Of the 2388 studies identified, 45 were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 36 in the meta-analysis, encompassing a total of 35,792 participants. Validated questionnaires were used to assess eating behavior, including the TFEQ (33.3%), DEBQ (24.4%), EEQ (22.2%), EES (11.1%), EOQ-5 (2.2%), AEBQ (2.2%), EAS (2.2%), and EMAQ (2.2%). Overall, males exhibited lower scores in emotional eating (Cohen's d = −0.32, 95%CI: 0.46 to −0.17) and restrained eating (Hedges'g = −0.11, 95%CI: 0.16 to −0.06) compared to females. However, the subgroup analysis indicated no differences in emotional eating (subgroup difference p = 0.39) or restrained eating (subgroup difference p = 0.30) according to the year of pandemic. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific interventions, the address eating behaviors during periods of heightened insecurity in worldwide health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, our results emphasize the necessity for public health strategies to monitor and promote healthy eating behaviors to mitigate their impact on overall health outcomes, even in males, as their eating behavior may be affected over the course of a global health crisis, as well as females.

进食行为可能会受到外部因素的影响；然而，对于在 COVID-19 大流行等压力情况下两性之间的进食行为是否存在差异，目前还没有达成共识。本系统性综述评估了 COVID-19 大流行期间两性饮食行为是否存在差异。2023 年 10 月，我们检索了九个数据库（Medline/Pubmed、Embase、Scielo、VHL、Scopus、PsycINFO、Web of Science、ProQuest、Google Scholar）。纳入了报告 COVID-19 大流行期间男性和女性饮食行为的研究。研究方法的质量采用乔安娜-布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的 "关键评估工具"（Critical Appraisal Instrument）进行评估。使用 STATA 软件进行了分层荟萃分析。在确定的 2388 项研究中，45 项纳入了定性综合，36 项纳入了荟萃分析，共有 35,792 人参与。研究采用了经过验证的问卷来评估进食行为，包括TFEQ（33.3%）、DEBQ（24.4%）、EEQ（22.2%）、EES（11.1%）、EOQ-5（2.2%）、AEBQ（2.2%）、EAS（2.2%）和EMAQ（2.2%）。总体而言，与女性相比，男性在情绪性进食（Cohen's d = -0.32，95%CI：0.46 至 -0.17）和克制性进食（Hedges'g = -0.11，95%CI：0.16 至 -0.06）方面的得分较低。然而，亚组分析表明，根据大流行的年份，情绪化进食（亚组差异 p = 0.39）或克制性进食（亚组差异 p = 0.30）没有差异。这些发现强调了针对不同性别的干预措施的重要性，这些干预措施可在 COVID-19 大流行等全球卫生紧急情况下的高度不安全时期解决进食行为问题。此外，我们的研究结果还强调了公共卫生策略监测和促进健康饮食行为的必要性，以减轻其对整体健康结果的影响，即使是男性也不例外，因为在全球卫生危机期间，他们的饮食行为可能会和女性一样受到影响。

{"title":"Sex-related differences in eating behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with metanalysis","authors":"Simone Gonzaga do Carmo , Maísa Miranda Araújo , Maria Eduarda Coelho Bittencourt Cavalcanti , Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo , Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho , Patrícia Borges Botelho","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eating behavior can be influenced by external factors; however, there is no consensus on the existence of differences in eating behavior between the sexes in stressful situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review assessed whether there was a difference in eating behavior between sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search of nine databases (Medline/Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, VHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar) was conducted in October 2023. Studies reporting eating behaviors in males and females during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instrument. Stratified meta-analyses were conducted using the STATA software. Of the 2388 studies identified, 45 were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 36 in the meta-analysis, encompassing a total of 35,792 participants. Validated questionnaires were used to assess eating behavior, including the TFEQ (33.3%), DEBQ (24.4%), EEQ (22.2%), EES (11.1%), EOQ-5 (2.2%), AEBQ (2.2%), EAS (2.2%), and EMAQ (2.2%). Overall, males exhibited lower scores in emotional eating (Cohen's d = −0.32, 95%CI: 0.46 to −0.17) and restrained eating (Hedges'g = −0.11, 95%CI: 0.16 to −0.06) compared to females. However, the subgroup analysis indicated no differences in emotional eating (subgroup difference p = 0.39) or restrained eating (subgroup difference p = 0.30) according to the year of pandemic. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific interventions, the address eating behaviors during periods of heightened insecurity in worldwide health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, our results emphasize the necessity for public health strategies to monitor and promote healthy eating behaviors to mitigate their impact on overall health outcomes, even in males, as their eating behavior may be affected over the course of a global health crisis, as well as females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107727"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in eating behaviours and mothers attitudes between baby-led weaning vs. traditional spoon-feeding approaches in Turkiye 在土耳其，婴儿指导断奶法与传统勺喂法在饮食行为和母亲态度上的差异。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107720

Incilay Karagoz, Sinem Bayram, Hilal Caliskan, Can Selim Yilmaz

This study was aimed to examine the differences in eating behaviours and mothers attitudes between baby-led vs. traditional spoon-feeding approaches and its effect on eating behaviours in preschool children. The study was conducted with 150 mothers of children aged 2–6, who applied to the Pediatrics Polyclinic of Başkent University Ankara Hospital, between December 2022 and February 2023. Sociodemographics, biochemical parameters were recorded to form. Maternal attitudes and eating behaviours of children were evaluated with Mother's Attitudes Towards the Feeding Process Scale (MATFP) and Early Childhood Adaptive Eating Behaviour Scale (ECAEB), respectively. The mean age of the children was 43.80 ± 11.04 months and 51.3% of them were girls. A weak negative correlation was found between the ECAEB total scores and the child age (r = −0.196, p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between the total scores of the MATFP and ECAEB (r = 0.699, p < 0.001). There wasn't significant difference between the MATFP total scores who chose baby-led weaning or traditional feeding (p > 0.05). According to the ECAEB; aggression and reaction to main meal order subgroup scores of children who consumed pureed vegetables until the ninth month were higher than those who didn't consume them (p < 0.05). Mothers who prefer the TSF offer their babies more blenderized and pureed foods, while those who prefer the BLW serve fork-mashed, steamed and sliced foods (p < 0,05). As the mothers‘ subscale scores for negative affect during meals, attitudes about insufficient/unbalanced feeding, negative feeding strategies, forced feeding, reaction to viewpoint of others increase, so did their subscale scores for child reluctance, eating refusal associated with sensory causes, aggression, reaction to main meal order increase. Consequently, it's believed that maternal attitudes and actions should be taken into account while evaluating the eating habits of toddlers.

本研究旨在探讨婴儿引导式喂养法与传统匙羹喂养法在饮食行为和母亲态度上的差异及其对学龄前儿童饮食行为的影响。研究对象为 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 2 月期间在巴什肯特大学安卡拉医院儿科综合门诊就诊的 150 名 2-6 岁儿童的母亲。她们的社会人口统计学和生化指标均记录在案。母亲对喂养过程的态度量表（MATFP）和幼儿适应性进食行为量表（ECAEB）分别评估了母亲的态度和儿童的进食行为。儿童的平均年龄为（43.80 ± 11.04）个月，其中 51.3% 为女孩。ECAEB 总分与儿童年龄呈弱负相关（r = -0.196，P 0.05）。根据 ECAEB，9 个月前食用蔬菜泥的儿童的攻击性和对主餐顺序的反应亚组得分高于未食用蔬菜泥的儿童（P＜0.05）。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of overnight-fasted versus fed-state exercise on the components of energy balance and interstitial glucose across four days in healthy adults 隔夜空腹运动与进食状态运动对健康成年人四天内能量平衡成分和间质葡萄糖的影响。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107716

I. Podestá D, A.K. Blannin, G.A. Wallis

Exercise is an essential component of body mass management interventions. Overnight-fasted exercise (FASTex) acutely enhances fat oxidation compared with fed exercise (FEDex). However, consistent FASTex training does not typically further enhance body mass loss, suggesting the induction of energy compensation responses. The present study aimed to test the effects of FASTex or FEDex on the components of energy balance (i.e., energy intake (EI), energy expenditure (EE), and appetite) and interstitial glucose metrics across four days.

Methods

Twelve (10 men, 2 women) healthy, physically active participants (age 22.6 + 1.2 years (mean ± SD); BMI 22.5 ± 2.8 kg ⋅ m⁻²) were studied twice, across four days, after a 75-min run either FASTex or FEDex. Daily EI was obtained after subtracting leftovers from the provided food. Daily fasting appetite was measured by visual analogue scales. Activity- and total- EE (AEE & TEE, respectively) were estimated by combining heart rate and accelerometry. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to capture daily interstitial glucose metrics and Likert scales were utilised to quantify fatigue, stress, sleep quality, and muscle soreness levels.

Results

No differences between conditions were observed for EI (FASTex = 15.0 ± 0.1 vs FEDex = 15.0 ± 0.4 MJ⋅day⁻¹; p = 0.865), AEE (FASTex = 7.6 ± 1.1 vs FEDex 7.8 ± 1.3 MJ⋅day⁻¹; p = 0.223) and TEE (FASTex = 15.9 ± 3.4 vs 14.9 ± 4.5 MJ⋅day⁻¹; p = 0.136). Additionally, no condition effects for appetite (p > 0.05) and interstitial glucose (p = 0.074) were observed.

Conclusion

FASTex did not differ from FEDex in the response of components of energy balance or interstitial glucose across four days, suggesting that both exercise approaches could be used interchangeably.

运动是体重管理干预措施的重要组成部分。与进食运动（FEDex）相比，隔夜空腹运动（FASTex）能迅速增强脂肪氧化。然而，持续的 FASTex 训练通常不会进一步促进体质量的减少，这表明诱导了能量补偿反应。本研究旨在测试 FASTex 或 FEDex 在四天内对能量平衡成分（即能量摄入（EI）、能量消耗（EE）和食欲）和间质葡萄糖指标的影响：对 12 名（10 名男性，2 名女性）身体健康、运动量大的参与者（年龄 22.6 + 1.2 岁（平均 ± SD）；体重指数 22.5 ± 2.8 kg ⋅ m-2）进行了为期四天的两次研究，研究时间均为 75 分钟的 FASTex 或 FEDex 跑步之后。从提供的食物中减去剩余食物后得出每日食欲指数。每日空腹食欲通过视觉模拟量表进行测量。活动 EE 和总 EE（分别为 AEE 和 TEE）通过结合心率和加速度测量进行估算。连续葡萄糖监测用于捕捉每日间质葡萄糖指标，李克特量表用于量化疲劳、压力、睡眠质量和肌肉酸痛程度：EI（FASTex = 15.0 ± 0.1 vs FEDex = 15.0 ± 0.4 MJ⋅day-1；p = 0.865）、AEE（FASTex = 7.6 ± 1.1 vs FEDex 7.8 ± 1.3 MJ⋅day-1；p = 0.223）和TEE（FASTex = 15.9 ± 3.4 vs 14.9 ± 4.5 MJ⋅day-1；p = 0.136）在不同条件下无差异。此外，没有观察到食欲（p > 0.05）和间质葡萄糖（p = 0.074）的条件效应：结论：FASTex 与 FEDex 在四天内能量平衡成分或血糖间质的反应方面没有差异，这表明这两种运动方法可以互换使用。

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引用次数: 0

Adolescents’ mental health is associated with food parenting practices among British Columbian families 不列颠哥伦比亚省家庭中青少年的心理健康与食物养育方法有关。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107715

Olivia De-Jongh González , Sophie Marshall-Beaucoup , Claire N. Tugault-Lafleur , Louise C. Mâsse

Background

Adolescence is a developmental period marked by significant changes related to the body and food parenting practices. However, few studies have explored child-level psychological correlates of these practices during adolescence. Our study examined whether adolescents’ weight status, weight concerns, self-esteem, and anxiety were associated with food parenting practices, and whether these associations significantly differed by adolescents’ gender among 297 families in British Columbia, Canada.

Methods

Parents (47 years, 76% mothers) completed a food parenting practice item bank. Adolescents (14 years, 52% girls) self-reported their height and weight, weight concerns, self-esteem, and anxiety. Covariate-adjusted regression models evaluated the association of adolescents’ weight and mental health with nine practices (main effects). Interactions were used to evaluate the moderating role of gender, and further decomposed in all models to examine simple effects within each gender group.

Results

Main-effect models showed positive associations between: (1) weight concerns and child involvement, (2) weight concerns and accommodating practices, (3) self-esteem and healthy eating opportunities, and (4) self-esteem with meal routines, as well as negative associations between: (5) self-esteem and accommodating practices, (6) self-esteem and coercive control, and (7) anxiety and rules and limits. In these 7 models interactions with gender were not significant; however, in all cases (except in model 5) the decomposed effects showed only significant associations among girls. A significant gender interaction emerged in (8) the association between anxiety and coercive control, but the decomposed effects were not significant for either gender. Adolescents’ weight status was not associated with food parenting practices in any model.

Conclusions

Food parenting practices are associated with mental health indicators among British Columbian families; however, future studies should examine multidirectional relationships between these practices, adolescents’ mental health, and eating habits.

背景：青春期是一个发育阶段，其特点是与身体和饮食养育方式有关的重大变化。然而，很少有研究探讨青春期这些做法在儿童层面的心理相关性。我们的研究考察了在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的 297 个家庭中，青少年的体重状况、体重担忧、自尊和焦虑是否与食物养育方法有关，以及这些关联是否因青少年的性别而有显著差异：父母（47 岁，76% 为母亲）填写了食物养育实践项目库。青少年（14 岁，52% 为女孩）自我报告了他们的身高和体重、对体重的担忧、自尊和焦虑。协变量调整回归模型评估了青少年体重和心理健康与九种做法的关联（主效应）。交互作用用于评估性别的调节作用，并在所有模型中进一步分解，以检查每个性别组内的简单效应：主效应模型显示：(1) 关注体重与儿童参与之间存在正相关，(2) 关注体重与包容做法之间存在正相关，(3) 自尊与健康饮食机会之间存在正相关，(4) 自尊与膳食常规之间存在正相关，而(5) 自尊与包容做法之间存在负相关，(6) 自尊与强制控制之间存在负相关，(7) 焦虑与规则和限制之间存在负相关。在所有模型中（除一个模型外），与性别的交互作用都不显著；然而，在所有情况下，分解效应只对女孩有显著影响。在(8)焦虑与强制控制的关系中，性别间的交互作用很明显，但分解效应对任何性别都不明显。在任何模型中，青少年的体重状况都与食物养育方法无关：结论：在不列颠哥伦比亚省的家庭中，食物养育方法与心理健康指标相关；然而，未来的研究应考察这些方法、青少年心理健康和饮食习惯之间的多向关系。

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引用次数: 0

Contextual factors influence food intake at eating occasions in young adults: A mixed effect analysis 环境因素对年轻人进食时食物摄入量的影响：混合效应分析。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107722

Nancy R. Tran , Rebecca M. Leech , Sarah A. McNaughton

Understanding eating behaviours of young adults is crucial for developing strategies to improve their diet quality. Factors that influence eating behaviours are often multifaceted and highly contextual, with little research focused on young adults. This study examined contextual factors influencing food intake at eating occasions among young adults. Participants (n = 675, 18–30 years) recorded dietary intake and contextual characteristics at eating occasions (n = 27,513) using a smartphone food diary (“FoodNow”) over three to four non-consecutive days. Food and beverage intakes were classified into six groups according to the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Eating occasion-level contextual factors, such as consumption location, purchase location, activity, and social context, were recorded via the app, while person-level contextual factors were collected through an online survey. Generalised mixed models with random intercepts were used to investigate effects of contextual factors on food group consumption at meals and snacks. Eating location was associated with vegetable and discretionary food intake; meals that were eaten while in transit were 0.59 serves lower in vegetables (95% CI: −0.93, −0.38; p < 0.001) and 0.31 serves higher in discretionary foods (95% CI: 0.03, 0.54; p = 0.014), compared meals eaten at home. Higher intakes of discretionary foods were observed when friends were present at meals and snacks (0.66 and 0.57 serves, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.88; 0.36, 0.77, p < 0.001). Meals purchased from convenience stores were higher in grain and discretionary foods than meals from other locations (p < 0.001). Majority of person-level factors showed minimal effects on food group consumption. Addressing factors such as purchase location and social contexts during meals and snacks may improve food choices, as small changes at eating occasions can significantly impact overall diet quality over time.

了解青壮年的饮食行为对于制定改善其饮食质量的策略至关重要。影响进食行为的因素往往是多方面的，而且与具体情况密切相关，但针对青壮年的研究却很少。本研究探讨了影响青壮年进食时食物摄入量的环境因素。参与者（n=675，18-30 岁）使用智能手机食物日记（"FoodNow"）记录了三至四天非连续进食场合（n=27,513）的饮食摄入量和环境特征。根据澳大利亚膳食指南，食物和饮料摄入量被分为六组。饮食场合层面的背景因素，如消费地点、购买地点、活动和社会背景，通过应用程序记录，而个人层面的背景因素则通过在线调查收集。采用随机截距的广义混合模型来研究环境因素对正餐和零食中食物种类消费的影响。进餐地点与蔬菜和随意食品的摄入量有关；与在家进餐相比，在途中进餐的蔬菜摄入量低 0.59 份（95% CI：-0.93, -0.38；p < 0.001），随意食品摄入量高 0.31 份（95% CI：0.03, 0.54；p = 0.014）。当有朋友在用餐和吃零食时，随意食品的摄入量更高（0.66 和 0.57 份，95% CI：0.56，0.88；0.36，0.77，p <0.001）。在便利店购买的膳食中，谷物和随意食品的含量高于在其他地点购买的膳食（P < 0.001）。大多数个人因素对食物类别消费的影响微乎其微。解决购买地点和正餐及零食时的社会环境等因素可能会改善食物选择，因为进食场合的微小变化会随着时间的推移对整体饮食质量产生重大影响。

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引用次数: 0

Behavioral separation of liking and wanting in response to olfactory and visual food cues 在嗅觉和视觉食物线索的作用下，行为上将 "喜欢 "和 "想要 "分开。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107717

Androula Savva , Renee Dijkman , Cynthia M. Bulik , Janina Seubert

In real-world settings, food rewards are processed in parallel across several sensory modalities, but paradigms that compare contributions of different modalities are lacking. While odor perception in particular is frequently implicated in appetite regulation, the mechanisms by which food odors differentially evoke experiences of wanting and liking remain poorly understood. This study addressed this gap by dissociating liking from wanting responses for olfactory stimuli, and establishing commonalities and differences relative to the visual modality. In two separate experiments, participants (n₁ = 37, n₂ = 43) rated content-matched batteries of odors and pictures, respectively, for their ability to elicit pleasure (liking) and desire to eat (wanting). A third experiment (n₃ = 39) utilized a combined olfactory-visual paradigm to test the separation of these dimensions in a multisensory context. Our results show that participants differentiated clearly and reliably between liking and wanting for both odors and pictures, as demonstrated by a high difference score between the two in non-food (high liking, low wanting), but not in food (both high) or disgusting stimuli (both low), and high within-session retest reliability. Higher variability for olfactory relative to visual assessments was observed and likely reflects well-established difficulties with odor object identification. Taken together, our study demonstrates that olfactory stimuli can be used in experimental settings to evoke separable experiences of liking and wanting for food and non-food stimuli. Manipulating these components independently across sensory modalities in experimental studies could generate novel insights into how olfactory and visual cues differentially contribute to anticipatory and consummatory food reward processing, in healthy and disordered eating.

在现实世界中，食物奖励是通过几种感官模式并行处理的，但缺乏比较不同模式贡献的范例。虽然气味感知经常与食欲调节有关，但人们对食物气味唤起想要和喜欢的不同体验的机制仍然知之甚少。本研究通过将嗅觉刺激的 "喜欢 "和 "想要 "反应区分开来，并确定与视觉模式的共性和差异，填补了这一空白。在两个独立的实验中，参与者（n1=37，n2=43）分别对内容匹配的气味和图片进行评分，看它们是否能引起愉悦感（喜欢）和进食欲望（想要）。第三个实验（n3=39）采用了嗅觉和视觉相结合的范式，以测试在多感官情境下这些维度的分离情况。我们的结果表明，被试对气味和图片的 "喜欢 "和 "想要 "都有明确而可靠的区分，这表现在对非食物刺激（"喜欢 "高，"想要 "低），而对食物刺激（"喜欢 "和 "想要 "都高）或恶心刺激（"恶心 "和 "想要 "都低），两者之间的差异分值都很高，而且被试在测试期间的重测可靠性也很高。与视觉评估相比，嗅觉评估的变异性更高，这很可能反映了气味对象识别方面的公认困难。综上所述，我们的研究表明，嗅觉刺激可以在实验环境中用于唤起对食物和非食物刺激的可分离的喜欢和渴望体验。在实验研究中跨感官模式独立操纵这些成分，可以让我们对健康饮食和饮食失调中嗅觉和视觉线索是如何对预期性和消耗性食物奖赏处理做出不同贡献产生新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Barriers and enablers toward healthy eating and weight gain among pregnant women in Vietnam: A qualitative study with analysis informed by the theoretical domains framework and COM-B model 越南孕妇健康饮食和体重增加的障碍与促进因素：根据理论领域框架和 COM-B 模型进行分析的定性研究。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107710

Anh Nguyen-Hoang, Claire Eades, Fiona M. Harris, Helen Cheyne

Undernutrition and insufficient gestational weight gain can negatively affect maternal and infant health short- and long-term. In Vietnam, 50% of pregnant women lack essential nutrients, and 75% do not gain enough weight. Current interventions have limited success due to a gap in understanding their determinants. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and weight gain among pregnant Vietnamese women. This qualitative study collected data from 20 pregnant Vietnamese women via virtual focus groups. Discussions were audio-recorded and translated into English for thematic analysis. The study utilized the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation to Behaviour (COM-B) model and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to map the identified themes. Fifteen themes mapped onto nine of the 14 theoretical TDF domains, providing a comprehensive understanding of barriers and enablers to healthy eating and gestational weight gain within the COM-B model.

Capability

Women had limited knowledge about food sources and the implications of insufficient weight gain and micronutrient deficiencies, though they exhibited high self-care and digital literacy.

Opportunity

They lacked reliable online sources, had limited healthcare provider communication, spousal support, and faced cultural food beliefs and taboos.

Motivation

The women understood the need for healthier lifestyles during pregnancy, but often lacked confidence in managing gestational weight and misunderstood the role of prenatal supplements. Our research identified key factors to inform future interventions to promote healthy eating and recommended weight gain during pregnancy among Vietnamese women. To be effective, interventions should focus on increasing nutritional knowledge, enhancing communiation with healthcare professionals, and improving husband supports. Addressing food taboos with culturally sensitive approaches is crucial. The potential of digits' al health interventions is enhanced by factors such as self-care and digital literacy among pregnant Vietnamese women.

营养不良和妊娠体重增长不足会对母婴健康产生短期和长期的负面影响。在越南，50% 的孕妇缺乏必要的营养，75% 的孕妇体重增长不足。由于对这些问题的决定因素缺乏了解，目前的干预措施收效甚微。本研究旨在确定越南孕妇健康饮食和体重增加的障碍和促进因素。这项定性研究通过虚拟焦点小组收集了 20 名越南孕妇的数据。讨论被录音并翻译成英语进行专题分析。研究利用能力、机会、行为动机（COM-B）模型和理论领域框架（TDF）来映射已确定的主题。15 个主题与 TDF 14 个理论领域中的 9 个相吻合，从而在 COM-B 模型中全面了解了健康饮食和妊娠体重增加的障碍和促进因素：能力：妇女对食物来源以及体重增加不足和微量营养素缺乏的影响了解有限，尽管她们表现出较高的自我保健和数字素养：机会：她们缺乏可靠的网上资源，与医疗保健提供者的沟通有限，得不到配偶的支持，还面临着文化上的食物信仰和禁忌：动机：妇女们了解怀孕期间需要更健康的生活方式，但往往对控制妊娠体重缺乏信心，并误解了产前补充剂的作用。我们的研究发现了一些关键因素，为今后在越南妇女中推广健康饮食和孕期建议体重增加的干预措施提供了参考。要想取得成效，干预措施应侧重于增加营养知识、加强与医护人员的沟通以及改善丈夫的支持。用文化敏感的方法解决食物禁忌问题至关重要。越南孕妇的自理能力和数字素养等因素会增强数字健康干预措施的潜力。

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引用次数: 0