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Parent-reported offering of allergen foods to infants during complementary feeding: An observational study of New Zealand infants 在辅食喂养过程中向婴儿提供过敏原食物的家长报告:对新西兰婴儿的观察研究。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107709
Jade M. Medemblik , Cathryn A. Conlon , Jillian J. Haszard , Anne-Louise M. Heath , Rachael W. Taylor , Pamela von Hurst , Kathryn L. Beck , Lisa Te Morenga , Lisa Daniels
The prevalence of food allergies in New Zealand infants is uncertain but is believed to be similar to Australia, exceeding 10%. Current recommendations for reducing food allergy risk are to offer all major food allergens to infants from as early as six months of age (start of complementary feeding), and before 12 months of age. However, little is known regarding parental practices around introducing major food allergens. This study aimed to explore parental offering of major food allergens to infants during complementary feeding, and parent-reported food allergies. The cross-sectional study is a secondary analysis of the multi-centre (Auckland and Dunedin) First Foods New Zealand study of 625 parent-infant dyads. Participants were recruited in 2020–2022 when infants were 7–10 months of age. Questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, complementary feeding approach, infant pouch use and parental responses to five food allergy questions. All major food allergens had been offered to only 17% of infants by 9–10 months of age. Having offered egg, peanut, tree nuts, sesame, soy and seafood was more commonly associated with using a baby-led complementary feeding approach than a parent-led approach (p < 0.001). Frequent baby food pouch use was associated with a lower likelihood of offering egg and peanut (both p < 0.001). Overall, 12.6% of infants had a reported food allergy, with symptomatic response after exposure being the most common diagnostic tool. Most infants are not offered all major food allergens during early complementary feeding, with some parents actively avoiding major food allergens in the first year of life. These results provide up-to-date knowledge of parental practices, highlighting the need for more targeted advice and strategies to improve parental engagement with allergy prevention and diagnosis.
新西兰婴儿的食物过敏发病率尚不确定,但据信与澳大利亚相似,超过10%。目前降低食物过敏风险的建议是,最早从婴儿六个月大(开始添加辅食)开始,在 12 个月大之前为其提供所有主要的食物过敏原。然而,人们对家长引入主要食物过敏原的做法知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨家长在辅食喂养期间向婴儿提供主要食物过敏原的情况,以及家长报告的食物过敏情况。这项横断面研究是对新西兰第一食品公司的多中心(奥克兰和达尼丁)研究进行的二次分析。参与者于 2020-2022 年婴儿 7-10 个月大时被招募。调查问卷评估了社会人口特征、辅食喂养方式、婴儿袋使用情况以及父母对五个食物过敏问题的回答。只有 17% 的婴儿在 9-10 个月大时食用过所有主要的食物过敏原。使用婴儿主导型辅食喂养法比使用父母主导型辅食喂养法更常见(P<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Peer influence on eating behaviour in early childhood: A scoping review 同伴对幼儿期饮食行为的影响:范围审查。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107708
Sarah Street , Kym Simoncini , Rebecca Byrne

Objective

Peers can significantly influence eating behaviours in school-aged children and adolescents. Studies vary in methodology and terminology and report inconsistent age and sex differences. No review has collated evidence within early childhood. This review aims to explore what is currently known about peer influence and eating behaviours in young children and identify knowledge gaps regarding commonly assessed eating behaviours, peer definitions, peer influence assessment methods, and theoretical frameworks.

Methods

A search of electronic databases (Embase, ERIC, Medline, APA PsycInfo, Scopus) was conducted. The review included peer-reviewed, primary research that explored peer influence on eating behaviour in any group context, published between 1980 and 2023, available in English full-text. Participants were aged between two and seven years. Primary and secondary screening were conducted by two authors. Data extraction was conducted by one author with a second author duplicating 25%.

Results

Twenty-six of the 3961 unique identified studies met inclusion criteria. Most studies (76%) report peers to influence eating behaviours. Peer influence was a primary aim in 18 studies, of which 17 were experimental, and peer influence emerged as a finding in seven studies. All phenomena of interest varied widely. Eating behaviour concept definitions were inconsistent, with four studies assessing hypothetical eating behaviours. Peers varied by age, familiarity, and in-person versus remote exposures. Six theoretical frameworks were referenced, and eleven studies lacked theoretical underpinning. No studies measured peer influence directly or obtained children's perspectives.

Conclusions

Peers may influence eating behaviours within early childhood. Peer familiarity and age potentially impact peer influence magnitude. Variations in study design and peer definitions make comparisons challenging. Future research should utilise observational designs to explore peer influence on child eating behaviours within naturalistic settings.
目的同伴会对学龄儿童和青少年的饮食行为产生重大影响。研究方法和术语各不相同,报告的年龄和性别差异也不一致。目前还没有综述对幼儿期的证据进行整理。本综述旨在探索目前有关同伴影响和幼儿饮食行为的知识,并找出在通常评估的饮食行为、同伴定义、同伴影响评估方法和理论框架方面的知识差距:方法:对电子数据库(Embase、ERIC、Medline、APA PsycInfo、Scopus)进行了检索。综述包括1980年至2023年间发表的、经同行评审的、探讨同伴在任何群体背景下对饮食行为的影响的主要研究,并提供英文全文。参与者的年龄在两岁到七岁之间。初选和复选由两位作者进行。数据提取由一位作者完成,第二位作者重复25%:在 3961 项已确定的研究中,有 26 项符合纳入标准。大多数研究(76%)报告了同伴对饮食行为的影响。同伴影响是 18 项研究的主要目的,其中 17 项是实验性的,同伴影响是 7 项研究的发现。所有感兴趣的现象都大相径庭。进食行为概念的定义不一致,有四项研究对假设的进食行为进行了评估。同伴因年龄、熟悉程度、亲身接触与远程接触而有所不同。参考了六个理论框架,有十一项研究缺乏理论支持。没有研究直接测量同伴的影响或获得儿童的观点:结论:同伴可能会影响幼儿期的饮食行为。同伴的熟悉程度和年龄可能会影响同伴影响的程度。研究设计和同伴定义的差异使得比较具有挑战性。未来的研究应利用观察设计来探讨同伴在自然环境中对儿童饮食行为的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Infant and young child feeding practices as mediators in the relationship between early temperament and children's eating behaviors: A longitudinal study during COVID-19 pandemic 婴幼儿喂养方式是早期气质与儿童饮食行为之间关系的中介:COVID-19大流行期间的纵向研究。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107703
Xiaoning Zhang , Ao Xu , Shiqi Yu , Junli Cao , Youhua Chen
Simultaneously investigating the influence of multiple early temperament dimensions on children's eating behaviors through infant and young child feeding practices may be essential for developing optimal intervention strategies. This longitudinal study gathered data at two assessment points: Time 1, evaluation of infant and young child feeding practices and children's temperament when they were between 6 and 12 months, and Time 2, assessment of children's eating behaviors at age 2. This study included sociodemographic characteristics, the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Toddlers (CEBQ-T), the short form of Children Behavior Questionnaire (Revised IBQ-RSF), and the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire (IFSQ) in eastern China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine the pathways from three dimensions of early temperament to five types of children's eating behaviors mediated by three styles of infant and young child feeding practices. A total of 972 children, children's mean age was 14.58 ± 5.11 months, 464 (47.74%) being girls, while the mothers' mean age was 30.23 ± 3.56 years. Effortful control exhibited significant effects on food responsiveness and satiety responsiveness mediated by responsive feeding. Additionally, effortful control influenced enjoyment of food and satiety responsiveness mediated by restrictive feeding. Surgency had a significant effect on food responsiveness mediated by indulgent feeding. Negative affectivity impacted satiety responsiveness, enjoyment of food, and food responsiveness mediated by responsive feeding. This longitudinal study delineates the pathways from early temperament to eating behaviors mediated by infant and young child feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months. These findings highlight the need to prioritize intervention programs aimed at nurturing early temperament through appropriate infant and young child feeding practices to promote healthy eating behaviors for upper- and middle-income countries (UMICs) with similar contexts.
通过婴幼儿喂养实践,同时调查多种早期气质维度对儿童饮食行为的影响,可能对制定最佳干预策略至关重要。这项纵向研究收集了两个评估点的数据:第一阶段评估婴幼儿6至12个月时的喂养方式和儿童的气质,第二阶段评估儿童2岁时的饮食行为。研究内容包括华东地区的社会人口学特征、幼儿饮食行为问卷(CEBQ-T)、儿童行为问卷简表(修订版 IBQ-RSF)和婴儿喂养方式问卷(IFSQ)。研究人员利用结构方程模型(SEM)研究了从早期气质的三个维度到五种儿童进食行为的路径,而这五种儿童进食行为又以婴幼儿的三种喂养方式为中介。研究共涉及 972 名儿童,儿童的平均年龄为(14.58 ± 5.11)个月,其中 464 名(47.74%)为女孩,而母亲的平均年龄为(30.23 ± 3.56)岁。努力控制对食物反应性和饱腹感反应性有明显的影响,并以反应性喂养为中介。此外,努力控制对食物的享受性和以限制性喂养为中介的饱腹感反应性也有影响。急躁情绪对以纵容性喂养为中介的食物反应性有明显影响。消极情绪影响饱腹感反应性、对食物的喜爱程度以及以反应性喂养为中介的食物反应性。这项纵向研究描述了从早期气质到饮食行为的途径,这些行为是由婴幼儿喂养方式在6-23个月大的儿童中起中介作用的。这些发现突出表明,有必要优先考虑旨在通过适当的婴幼儿喂养方式优化早期气质的干预计划,以促进具有类似背景的中高收入国家(UMICs)的健康饮食行为。
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引用次数: 0
Balancing nutrition and budgets: Socio-ecological impacts on nutritional environments of families with low incomes 平衡营养与预算:社会生态对低收入家庭营养环境的影响。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107706
Brittany R. Schuler , Stacey L. Shipe , Nicole O'Reilly , Astrid Uhl , Christian E. Vazquez , Gina L. Tripicchio , Daphne C. Hernandez

Background

Research on childhood nutritional environments, which are predictive of a variety of child and family health and wellbeing outcomes, has primarily focused on parenting behaviors and the home food environment. However, broader social and community factors play an important role in shaping nutritional environments during early childhood. Food security is a key example that is closely linked to nutrition-related health disparities, which can arise from constrained financial resources and material deprivations. Understanding parent and caregiver lived experiences related to social and community components of family nutritional environments in the context of economic constraints could help to support multi-level nutritional practices that are optimal for healthy child development.

Method

Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using a narrative approach with parents (n = 21) of pre-school aged children living near or below the poverty line. Participants were recruited from social and community service sites pertinent to maternal and child health in Philadelphia where health disparities are highly concentrated. Analysis was conducted using MAX QDA analytic software following a systematic approach for thematic analysis in narrative research.

Results

Three themes describe the feeding and eating environments in the home and community context: 1) Food Procurement and Meal Planning; 2) Family Togetherness; 3) Creativity, Variety, and Flexibility. Creative decision making and food procurement strategies responsive to child preferences were balanced by shopping to save and visiting multiple stores for the best foods and savings. Logistical (e.g., transportation, childcare) and emotional supports facilitated food shopping habits and routines, while lack of trusted childcare, reliable transportation, and social support barriers challenged feeding and eating decisions.

Conclusion

Strategies for improving cost and time-efficiencies could help support health-promoting nutritional environments of families with food insecurity. Building social and community capacity and facilitating connections to practical supports that include trustworthy childcare and peer support may be particularly important for this population.
背景:儿童营养环境可预测儿童和家庭的各种健康和幸福结果,对儿童营养环境的研究主要集中在父母的养育行为和家庭食品环境上。然而,更广泛的社会和社区因素在塑造幼儿期营养环境方面发挥着重要作用。食品安全就是一个重要的例子,它与营养相关的健康差异密切相关,而这种差异可能源于经济资源的限制和物质匮乏。在经济拮据的背景下,了解父母和照料者与家庭营养环境的社会和社区组成部分相关的生活经验,有助于支持多层次的营养实践,从而优化儿童的健康成长:方法:采用叙事法对生活在贫困线附近或贫困线以下的学龄前儿童的家长(21 人)进行了半结构式深度访谈。参与者是从费城母婴健康相关的社会和社区服务机构招募的,那里是健康差异高度集中的地区。分析采用 MAX QDA 分析软件,并遵循叙事研究中主题分析的系统方法:结果:三个主题描述了家庭和社区的喂养和饮食环境:1) 食物采购和膳食计划;2) 家庭团聚;3) 创造性、多样性和灵活性。根据孩子的喜好做出有创意的决策和食物采购策略,并通过购物节省开支,到多家商店购买最好的食物和节省开支。后勤(如交通、托儿所)和情感支持促进了食品购物习惯和常规,而缺乏可信赖的托儿所、可靠的交通和社会支持障碍则对喂养和饮食决策提出了挑战:提高成本和时间效率的策略有助于为粮食不安全家庭提供促进健康的营养环境。建设社会和社区能力以及促进与实际支持(包括可信赖的托儿服务和同伴支持)的联系,可能对这一人群尤为重要。
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引用次数: 0
Stress-induced eating in rural adolescents: Unique variability among boys and adolescents with obesity 农村青少年因压力而进食:男孩和肥胖青少年的独特变异性。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107705
Lori A. Francis , Brandi Y. Rollins , Elissa S. Epel , Regina H. Lozinski
Stress may contribute to the development of obesity through its effects on dysregulated eating, although this has not yet been examined among low-income, rural adolescents. We examined adolescents’ stress-induced changes in eating an ad libitum meal, and after, in the absence of hunger (EAH), and the extent to which these varied by sex, race, and weight status. Participants included 260 adolescents, drawn from a sample of rural households experiencing poverty. Adolescents completed two home visits while salivary cortisol was measured; during the control (low stress) visit, they completed questionnaires and procedures thought to elicit low levels of stress and had BMI assessed. During the stress visit, adolescents completed a 20-min set of psychosocial stress challenges before eating. At each visit, adolescents consumed an ad-libitum meal after which they were additionally given large portions of snacks (EAH task). Results revealed that indeed cortisol was higher during the stress visit, across the sample. Boys showed stress-induced increases during ad-libitum meal intake (for calories, fat, and carbohydrates) whereas girls exhibited decreased intake. Further, adolescents with obesity showed stress-induced increases in fat intake, but only when hunger was satiated (EAH). There were no differences by race. These findings provide the first evidence of stress-induced alterations in food intake in a rural, low-income sample of adolescents and point to a strong vulnerability for stress-induced increases in eating in rural boys as well as stress-induced increases in fat intake when satiated as a possible contributor to obesity in youth.
压力可能会影响进食调节,从而导致肥胖症的发生,但目前尚未对低收入的农村青少年进行过这方面的研究。我们研究了青少年在自由进餐时和进餐后在没有饥饿感的情况下(EAH)由压力引起的变化,以及这些变化因性别、种族和体重状况而异的程度。参与者包括从农村贫困家庭中抽取的 260 名青少年。青少年在测量唾液皮质醇的同时完成了两次家访;在对照组(低压力)家访期间,他们完成了被认为会引起低水平压力的问卷调查和程序,并接受了体重指数评估。在压力访视期间,青少年在进食前完成一组 20 分钟的心理社会压力挑战。在每次就诊时,青少年都要进食一顿加餐,然后再给他们大份的零食(EAH 任务)。结果显示,在所有样本中,皮质醇在压力访问期间确实较高。男孩在摄入全价餐(卡路里、脂肪和碳水化合物)期间会因压力而增加,而女孩则会减少摄入量。此外,肥胖青少年的脂肪摄入量在压力诱导下有所增加,但只有在饥饿感得到满足时(EAH)才会出现这种情况。种族之间没有差异。这些研究结果首次证明了压力会改变农村低收入青少年的食物摄入量,并指出农村男孩很容易因压力而增加进食量,以及在饱腹状态下因压力而增加脂肪摄入量,这可能是导致青少年肥胖的原因之一。
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引用次数: 0
The Veg∗n Eating Motives Inventory Plus (VEMI+): A measure of health, environment, animal rights, disgust, social, pandemic and zoonotic diseases, and farm workers’ rights motives 素食者饮食动机强化量表(VEMI+):对健康、环境、动物权利、厌恶、社会、流行病和人畜共患病以及农场工人权利动机进行测量。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107701
Alexander G. Stahlmann, Christopher J. Hopwood, Wiebke Bleidorn
Health, environmental concern, and animal rights are established motives for reduced meat consumption that can be measured by the Vegetarian Eating Motives Inventory (VEMI). This preregistered study aimed to expand the VEMI to include four less-studied motives: disgust, social, concern about zoonotic diseases and pandemics, and concern for workers' rights. We had three objectives: to combine the seven motives into a comprehensive model, to test if the VEMI+ scales function equivalently across omnivore and vegan groups, and to validate and differentiate these motives against external measures and meat reduction appeals. In samples of 731 omnivores and 731 vegans (total N = 1,462), we found support for the measurement invariance of a seven-factor structure across groups and created a scale with reliable measures for each dimension (ω total between 0.82 and 0.97). Vegans scored higher overall, with substantially higher scores on environmental concern, animal rights, disgust, and zoonotic disease concerns, while omnivores had slightly higher scores on health, social, and workers’ rights scales. Scale scores had expected correlations with criterion measures and differentially predicted support for motive-tailored appeals. This study enhances our understanding of dietary motivations and provides a valuable tool for future research.
健康、环保和动物权利是减少肉类消费的既定动机,可通过素食动机量表(VEMI)进行测量。这项预先登记的研究旨在扩大 VEMI 的范围,使其包括四种研究较少的动机:厌恶、社会、对人畜共患病和流行病的关注以及对工人权利的关注。我们有三个目标:将这七种动机整合到一个综合模型中,测试 VEMI+ 量表在杂食者和素食者群体中的功能是否相同,以及根据外部衡量标准和减少肉类摄入的呼吁来验证和区分这些动机。在 731 名杂食者和 731 名素食者(总人数 = 1462)的样本中,我们发现七因素结构在不同群体间的测量不变性得到了支持,并为每个维度创建了一个具有可靠测量指标的量表(ω 总值介于 0.82 和 0.97 之间)。素食者的总体得分较高,在环境问题、动物权利、厌恶和人畜共患疾病方面的得分也高出很多,而杂食者在健康、社会和工人权利方面的得分略高。量表得分与标准测量具有预期的相关性,并对动机定制的呼吁的支持率具有不同的预测作用。这项研究加深了我们对饮食动机的理解,并为今后的饮食动机研究提供了有价值的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Maladaptive eating behaviors and health-related quality of life in Spanish children 西班牙儿童的不良饮食行为和与健康相关的生活质量。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107702
Charlotte Juton , Genís Según , Paula Berruezo , Silvia Torres , Paula Lecegui , Luis Rajmil , Fernando Fernández-Aranda , Montserrat Fíto , Santiago F. Gómez , Helmut Schröder
In children, assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and identifying the factors that can influence it are essential to understanding their overall health and well-being. Although eating disorders in children have been associated with reduced HRQoL, the impact of maladaptive eating behaviors, such as external eating, emotional eating and restrained eating, on children's HRQoL has not yet been prospectively explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether external, emotional and restrained eating at baseline was associated with HRQoL in children after 14.65 months (95% CI: 14.57–14.73) of follow-up. The study involved 690 boys and 681 girls aged between 8 and 10 years, recruited from primary schools in Catalonia (Spain). To assess the relationship between external, emotional and restrained eating behaviors at baseline and HRQoL at follow-up, the Dutch Eating Behavior and KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaires were used, respectively. After adjusting for sex, age, intervention allocation group, school, maternal education, zBMI and physical activity, external and emotional eating behaviors at baseline were negatively associated with HRQoL at follow-up (p < 0.01). These associations were attenuated after final adjustment for HRQoL at baseline. Furthermore, a composite score of maladaptive eating behaviors at baseline was created by summing the individual scores for emotional, restrained and external eating behaviors. This composite score showed a significant inverse association with HRQoL at follow-up, even after adjusting for baseline HRQoL (p = 0.024). In conclusion, external and emotional eating behaviors seems to negatively affect HRQoL prospectively in Spanish children. The composite score of maladaptive eating behaviors showed a stronger inverse association with HRQoL than each eating behavior individually.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN registry: ISRCTN68403446; Date of registration, August 01, 2014 ′Retrospectively registered'.
对于儿童来说,评估与健康相关的生活质量(HRQoL)并确定影响因素对于了解他们的整体健康和福祉至关重要。虽然儿童进食障碍与 HRQoL 的降低有关,但尚未对外食、情绪化进食和克制性进食等适应不良的进食行为对儿童 HRQoL 的影响进行前瞻性探讨。因此,本研究旨在确定基线时的外食、情绪化进食和克制性进食是否与随访 14.65 个月(95% CI:14.57 - 14.73)后儿童的 HRQoL 相关。这项研究从西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区的小学招募了 690 名 8 至 10 岁的男孩和 681 名女孩。为了评估基线时的外食行为、情绪化饮食行为和克制饮食行为与随访时的 HRQoL 之间的关系,研究分别使用了荷兰饮食行为问卷和 KIDSCREEN-10 问卷。在对性别、年龄、干预分配组、学校、母亲教育程度、zBMI 和体育活动进行调整后,基线时的外在和情绪化饮食行为与随访时的 HRQoL 呈负相关(p
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引用次数: 0
Influence of qualitative menu labeling on diners' food choices: A controlled quasi-experiment in self-service buffet restaurants 菜单定性标签对食客食物选择的影响:自助餐厅的对照准实验。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107698
Natalia Fogolari , Renata Carvalho de Oliveira , Greyce Luci Bernardo , Paula Lazzarin Uggioni , Ana Paula Gines Geraldo , Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença , Ana Carolina Fernandes
Menu labeling is a strategy to promote healthier food choices in restaurants. This study aimed to analyze the influence of a qualitative menu labeling on the healthfulness of diners' food choices in self-service buffet restaurants. A controlled quasi-experiment comparing parallel groups at baseline and intervention periods was conducted in a control restaurant and an intervention restaurant. Qualitative labels provided information on the name and ingredients list of the dish, highlighting the use of organic vegetables. The same food menu was served in both restaurants. Menu labeling was implemented at the intervention restaurant for six dishes each day, three considered healthier and three less healthy. Dishes were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the service to estimate the average portion size (g) of diners, during five consecutive days at baseline and intervention. Diners who had lunch at the intervention restaurant were invited to participate in a survey on the use of menu labels. Of the 153 interviewed diners, 31% reported noticing menu labels. Of these, 57% said menu labeling had influenced their food choices at the restaurant. No changes in portion sizes were observed between baseline and intervention periods within control and intervention restaurants. However, it was found that the provision of qualitative menu labeling sparked the interest of restaurant managers in improving meal quality and modifying recipes to eliminate ultra-processed ingredients. Thus, the implementation of the proposed menu labeling model can promote healthier food choices through the reformulation of culinary recipes. However, it is essential to adopt strategies to enable its direct impact.
菜单标注是促进餐厅选择更健康食物的一种策略。本研究旨在分析自助餐厅中定性菜单标签对食客选择食物健康性的影响。研究人员在一家对照餐厅和一家干预餐厅进行了一项对照准实验,比较了基线期和干预期的平行组别。定性标签提供了菜名和配料表的信息,突出了有机蔬菜的使用。两家餐厅提供相同的菜谱。干预餐厅每天对六道菜进行菜单标注,其中三道被认为更健康,三道不太健康。在基线期和干预期连续五天内,在开始和结束服务时对菜肴进行称重,以估算用餐者的平均份量(克)。在干预餐厅用过午餐的食客被邀请参加关于菜单标签使用情况的调查。在 153 位受访食客中,31% 表示注意到了菜单标签。其中,57%的人表示菜单标签影响了他们在餐厅的食物选择。在基线期和干预期之间,对照餐厅和干预餐厅的食物份量没有发生变化。不过,研究发现,提供定性菜单标签激发了餐厅经理对提高饭菜质量和修改食谱以消除超加工成分的兴趣。因此,实施建议的菜单标签模式可以通过重新制定烹饪食谱来促进人们选择更健康的食物。然而,必须采取策略,使其产生直接影响。
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引用次数: 0
"There's just a lot of numbers and I just want to have a drink": The challenge of communicating the energy content of alcohol products. "数字太多,我只想喝一杯":宣传酒类产品能量含量的挑战。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107700
Simone Pettigrew, Bella Sträuli, Asad Yusoff, Paula O'Brien, Jacqueline Bowden, Michelle Jongenelis, Aimee Brownbill, Tanya Chikritzhs, Mark Petticrew, Angela Matheson, Fraser Taylor, Alexandra Jones

Various governments are considering the implementation of energy labelling on alcohol products as one element of obesity prevention policies. However, little is known about the most effective ways to communicate energy information to consumers. The aim of the present study was to explore consumers' reactions to different energy information provision formats to assist the development of effective energy labels. Nine focus groups (n=83 participants) were conducted with Australian adults who reported drinking alcohol at least twice per month. Participants were exposed to an energy-only information label and labels displaying full nutrition information panels. A thematic analysis approach was used to identify key issues. While few participants were overtly enthusiastic about the mandatory display of energy values on alcohol products, there was general support for the provision of this information to assist those drinkers who could benefit from it. Substantial confusion was apparent as participants attempted to distil meaning from the provided information, particularly where it was expressed in terms of serving sizes and standard drinks. Full nutrition panels were especially problematic in terms of creating a health halo due to the nil or low values for multiple nutrients listed. This was especially notable for information relating to sugar content. Overall, there appears to be inadequate public understanding of the concept of dietary energy in alcoholic beverages and the various terms used to quantify its presence, which is likely to limit the utility of mandatory energy information provision requirements unless they are accompanied by effective community education.

各国政府都在考虑在酒类产品上贴上能量标签,作为预防肥胖政策的一项内容。然而,人们对向消费者传达能量信息的最有效方式知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨消费者对不同能量信息提供形式的反应,以帮助制定有效的能量标签。研究人员对每月至少饮酒两次的澳大利亚成年人进行了九次焦点小组讨论(人数为 83 人)。参与者接触了纯能量信息标签和显示完整营养信息面板的标签。采用专题分析方法确定了关键问题。虽然很少有参与者对在酒类产品上强制显示能量值表示热衷,但他们普遍支持提供这种信息,以帮助那些可以从中受益的饮酒者。当参与者试图从所提供的信息中提炼意义时,特别是当这些信息是以饮用量和标准饮品的形式来表达时,就会出现明显的混淆。由于列出的多种营养物质数值为零或很低,全营养成分表在营造健康光环方面尤其成问题。与糖含量有关的信息尤其如此。总之,公众似乎对酒精饮料中膳食能量的概念以及用于量化膳食能量的各种术语理解不足,这可能会限制强制提供能量信息要求的效用,除非同时开展有效的社区教育。
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引用次数: 0
Revealing motor insensitivity to food in Anorexia Nervosa as a potential mechanism contributing to calorie restriction: A mobile Approach Avoidance Task study 揭示神经性厌食症患者对食物的运动不敏感性是导致卡路里限制的潜在机制:移动接近回避任务研究。
IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107697
Valentina Meregalli , Ettore Ambrosini , Umberto Granziol , Hilmar Zech , Giovanni Abbate Daga , Matteo Martini , Alessandra Sala , Enrico Ceccato , Elena Tenconi , Valentina Cardi , Paolo Meneguzzo , Angela Favaro , Enrico Collantoni
A change in implicit behavioural tendencies toward foods may contribute to the maintenance of calorie restriction in Anorexia Nervosa (AN). To test this hypothesis, we assessed approach-avoidance tendencies toward different categories of stimuli using a novel mobile version of the approach-avoidance task (AAT). The sample included 66 patients with restrictive AN and 84 healthy controls, all females. All participants performed the AAT in which they were required to approach or avoid stimuli (high-calorie foods, low-calorie foods, and neutral objects) by respectively pulling their phone towards themselves of pushing it away. Both the response time and the force of each movement were collected by means of the smartphone's accelerometer. The results revealed that patients with AN had a reduced tendency to approach food stimuli compared to healthy controls, who instead presented faster and stronger movements in approaching rather than avoiding foods as compared to neutral objects. This finding was particularly pronounced in patients with greater levels of malnutrition. No differences were instead observed comparing high-calorie and low-calorie foods. The observed reduction in the natural tendency to approach food stimuli is consistent with patients' eating behaviour and may contribute to the maintenance of calorie restriction, thus representing a possible target for novel therapeutic approaches.
对食物的内隐行为倾向的改变可能有助于维持神经性厌食症(AN)患者的卡路里限制。为了验证这一假设,我们使用新颖的手机版接近-回避任务(AAT)评估了对不同类别刺激的接近-回避倾向。样本包括 66 名限制性自闭症患者和 84 名健康对照者,均为女性。所有参与者在进行AAT时,都需要分别通过将手机拉向自己或推开来接近或回避刺激物(高热量食物、低热量食物和中性物体)。每个动作的反应时间和力度都是通过智能手机的加速度计收集的。结果显示,与健康对照组相比,AN患者接近食物刺激的倾向降低了,与中性物体相比,AN患者接近食物的动作更快、更有力,而不是回避食物。这一发现在营养不良程度较高的患者中尤为明显。而高热量和低热量食物的比较则没有发现差异。所观察到的接近食物刺激的自然倾向减少与患者的进食行为一致,可能有助于维持卡路里限制,从而成为新型治疗方法的可能目标。
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