Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107718
Aygul Dagbasi , Amy Fuller , Aylin C. Hanyaloglu , Bernadette Carroll , John McLaughlin , Gary Frost , Adrian Holliday
The age-related decline in appetite and food intake – termed “anorexia of ageing” – is implicated in undernutrition in later life and hence provides a public health challenge for our ageing population. Eating behaviour is controlled, in part, by homeostatic mechanisms which sense nutrient status and provide feedback to appetite control regions of the brain. Such feedback signals, propagated by episodic gut hormones, are dysregulated in some older adults. The secretory responses of appetite-related gut hormones to feeding are amplified, inducing a more anorexigenic signal which is associated with reduced appetite and food intake. Such an augmented response would indicate an increase in gut sensitivity to nutrients. Consequently, this review explores the role of gastrointestinal tract nutrient sensing in age-related appetite dysregulation. We review and synthesise evidence for age-related alterations in nutrient sensing which may explain the observed hormonal dysregulation. Drawing on what is known regarding elements of nutrient sensing pathways in animal models, in other tissues of the body, and in certain models of disease, we identify potential causal mechanisms including alterations in enteroendocrine cell number and distribution, dysregulation of cell signalling pathways, and changes in the gut milieu. From identified gaps in evidence, we highlight interesting and important avenues for future research.
{"title":"The role of nutrient sensing dysregulation in anorexia of ageing: The little we know and the much we don't","authors":"Aygul Dagbasi , Amy Fuller , Aylin C. Hanyaloglu , Bernadette Carroll , John McLaughlin , Gary Frost , Adrian Holliday","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The age-related decline in appetite and food intake – termed “anorexia of ageing” – is implicated in undernutrition in later life and hence provides a public health challenge for our ageing population. Eating behaviour is controlled, in part, by homeostatic mechanisms which sense nutrient status and provide feedback to appetite control regions of the brain. Such feedback signals, propagated by episodic gut hormones, are dysregulated in some older adults. The secretory responses of appetite-related gut hormones to feeding are amplified, inducing a more anorexigenic signal which is associated with reduced appetite and food intake. Such an augmented response would indicate an increase in gut sensitivity to nutrients. Consequently, this review explores the role of gastrointestinal tract nutrient sensing in age-related appetite dysregulation. We review and synthesise evidence for age-related alterations in nutrient sensing which may explain the observed hormonal dysregulation. Drawing on what is known regarding elements of nutrient sensing pathways in animal models, in other tissues of the body, and in certain models of disease, we identify potential causal mechanisms including alterations in enteroendocrine cell number and distribution, dysregulation of cell signalling pathways, and changes in the gut milieu. From identified gaps in evidence, we highlight interesting and important avenues for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107719
Glen Forester , Lauren M. Schaefer , Jeffrey S. Johnson , Brianne N. Richson , Robert D. Dvorak , Ross D. Crosby , Carol B. Peterson , Stephen A. Wonderlich
Affect regulation models posit that aversive affective states drive binge-eating behavior, which then regulates negative emotions. However, recent findings among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED) suggest that food-related anticipatory processes may precede and potentially explain the negative affect thought to drive binge eating. Specifically, studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) demonstrate that the negative affective state of “Guilt” (from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) most strongly predicts later binge eating in the natural environment, and it has been hypothesized that planning a binge or feeling that a binge-eating episode is inventible may account for the increases in Guilt observed prior to binge episodes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that binge planning or inevitability may contribute to feelings of shame (a key facet of the broader Guilt construct), which then predict binge-eating episodes, using EMA in 43 individuals with BED. Consistent with hypotheses, feelings of binge inevitability and planning prospectively predicted binge-eating episodes. Further, binge planning predicted subsequent increases in shame. However, shame did not predict subsequent increases in binge planning. Finally, a mediation model revealed that binge planning (Time 1) predicted future binge eating (Time 3) directly and indirectly through increases in shame (Time 2). The results provide novel evidence that individuals with BED anticipate and actively plan for binge-eating episodes, and that binge planning may explain the increased shame/guilt typically observed before binge eating. Overall, accruing evidence suggests that negative affect, although predictive of binge eating, may be better conceptualized as a consequence of the anticipatory processes that lead to binge eating, rather than the starting point, at least among some individuals with BED. Future experimental research is needed to more conclusively test this hypothesis.
情绪调节模型认为，厌恶情绪状态会驱动暴食行为，进而调节负面情绪。然而，最近在暴饮暴食症（BED）患者中的研究结果表明，与食物相关的预期过程可能先于并有可能解释被认为会驱动暴饮暴食的负面情绪。具体来说，使用生态瞬间评估（EMA）进行的研究表明，"内疚"（来自积极和消极情绪表）这种消极情绪状态最能预测日后在自然环境中的暴饮暴食行为，因此有人推测，计划暴饮暴食或感觉暴饮暴食是不可避免的，可能是暴饮暴食发作前 "内疚 "增加的原因。在本研究中，我们利用 43 名 BED 患者的 EMA 测试了狂欢计划或不可避免性可能会导致羞愧感（更广泛的内疚感结构的一个关键方面），进而预测狂欢饮食发作的假设。与假设一致的是，狂欢不可避免感和计划感会预测狂欢饮食发作。此外，狂欢计划还能预测随后羞耻感的增加。然而，羞耻感并不能预测随后狂欢计划的增加。最后，一个中介模型显示，狂欢计划（时间 1）直接预测了未来的狂欢进食（时间 3），并通过羞耻感的增加（时间 2）间接预测了未来的狂欢进食。这些结果提供了新的证据，表明患有 BED 的个体会预期并积极计划暴饮暴食发作，而暴饮暴食计划可以解释暴饮暴食前通常会出现的羞耻感/内疚感增加。总之，越来越多的证据表明，消极情绪虽然可以预测暴饮暴食，但至少在某些 BED 患者中，消极情绪最好被概念化为导致暴饮暴食的预期过程的结果，而不是暴饮暴食的起点。未来的实验研究需要对这一假设进行更确凿的验证。
{"title":"Evaluating the role of binge planning and binge inevitability within affect regulation models of binge eating","authors":"Glen Forester , Lauren M. Schaefer , Jeffrey S. Johnson , Brianne N. Richson , Robert D. Dvorak , Ross D. Crosby , Carol B. Peterson , Stephen A. Wonderlich","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Affect regulation models posit that aversive affective states drive binge-eating behavior, which then regulates negative emotions. However, recent findings among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED) suggest that food-related anticipatory processes may precede and potentially explain the negative affect thought to drive binge eating. Specifically, studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) demonstrate that the negative affective state of “Guilt” (from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) most strongly predicts later binge eating in the natural environment, and it has been hypothesized that planning a binge or feeling that a binge-eating episode is inventible may account for the increases in Guilt observed prior to binge episodes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that binge planning or inevitability may contribute to feelings of shame (a key facet of the broader Guilt construct), which then predict binge-eating episodes, using EMA in 43 individuals with BED. Consistent with hypotheses, feelings of binge inevitability and planning prospectively predicted binge-eating episodes. Further, binge planning predicted subsequent increases in shame. However, shame did not predict subsequent increases in binge planning. Finally, a mediation model revealed that binge planning (Time 1) predicted future binge eating (Time 3) directly and indirectly through increases in shame (Time 2). The results provide novel evidence that individuals with BED anticipate and actively plan for binge-eating episodes, and that binge planning may explain the increased shame/guilt typically observed before binge eating. Overall, accruing evidence suggests that negative affect, although predictive of binge eating, may be better conceptualized as a consequence of the anticipatory processes that lead to binge eating, rather than the starting point, at least among some individuals with BED. Future experimental research is needed to more conclusively test this hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107711
Christina Potter, Rachel Pechey, Brian Cook, Paul Bateman, Cristina Stewart, Kerstin Frie, Michael Clark, Carmen Piernas, Mike Rayner, Susan A Jebb
{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Effects of environmental impact and nutrition labelling on food purchasing: An experimental online supermarket study\" [Appetite 180 (2023) 106312].","authors":"Christina Potter, Rachel Pechey, Brian Cook, Paul Bateman, Cristina Stewart, Kerstin Frie, Michael Clark, Carmen Piernas, Mike Rayner, Susan A Jebb","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"107711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107707
Bram Uyttenhove , Liselot Hudders , Dieneke Van de Sompel , Ini Vanwesenbeeck
When making snack choices for children, parents are exposed to many child-targeted food packaging cues. This study aims to understand how different parental feeding goals (e.g. health versus fun versus taste) drive attention to these cues and how these cues help parents to make different snack choices. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 parents with at least one child between the ages of 3 and 12 years old. During the interviews, parents were primed with different feeding goals and asked to rank seven snack packages based on these goals. The interviews revealed three key takeaways regarding how parents consider snack packaging from a goal perspective. Firstly, packaging cues are interpreted (and thus used) differently when different feeding goals are salient. Secondly, cues are ignored when they do not offer valuable information for making goal-based assessments. Thirdly, when combining goals, parents either look for a combination of cues that fit their multiple goals, assess packaging based on a stepwise implementation of goals, or choose one dominant goal and rely on relevant packaging cues to rank snack packaging. This study widens the knowledge on how parental feeding goals can influence the food packaging choices parents make and the way in which they interpret packaging cues. The study can inspire policymakers by providing strategies to stimulate marketers to make the food environment healthier by steering consumers towards healthy food options and making these options more salient within environments where snacks are bought (e.g. supermarkets).
{"title":"How different goals drive attention: An interview study on how parental feeding goals influence the assessment of child-targeted food packaging cues","authors":"Bram Uyttenhove , Liselot Hudders , Dieneke Van de Sompel , Ini Vanwesenbeeck","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When making snack choices for children, parents are exposed to many child-targeted food packaging cues. This study aims to understand how different parental feeding goals (e.g. health versus fun versus taste) drive attention to these cues and how these cues help parents to make different snack choices. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 parents with at least one child between the ages of 3 and 12 years old. During the interviews, parents were primed with different feeding goals and asked to rank seven snack packages based on these goals. The interviews revealed three key takeaways regarding how parents consider snack packaging from a goal perspective. Firstly, packaging cues are interpreted (and thus used) differently when different feeding goals are salient. Secondly, cues are ignored when they do not offer valuable information for making goal-based assessments. Thirdly, when combining goals, parents either look for a combination of cues that fit their multiple goals, assess packaging based on a stepwise implementation of goals, or choose one dominant goal and rely on relevant packaging cues to rank snack packaging. This study widens the knowledge on how parental feeding goals can influence the food packaging choices parents make and the way in which they interpret packaging cues. The study can inspire policymakers by providing strategies to stimulate marketers to make the food environment healthier by steering consumers towards healthy food options and making these options more salient within environments where snacks are bought (e.g. supermarkets).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107714
Roselinde L. van Nee, Femke Mulder, Ellen van Kleef, Hans C.M. van Trijp
This field experimental study examined how increased availability and economic incentives for healthier beverages affect preadolescents' actual healthier beverage choices in a real-world setting. In addition, the impact of preadolescents’ descriptive norm towards healthier beverages, price awareness and parental restrictive rules regarding beverage consumption were explored. During the experiment, preadolescents could independently buy two beverages from an assortment with a total of eight beverages. A 2x2 between-subjects design was used, manipulating the presence of increased availability of healthier beverages and economic incentives (taxes for unhealthier beverages and subsidies for healthier beverages). A total of 305 preadolescents between 8 and 14 years old (M = 10.18, SD = 1.74) participated, each accompanied by one of their respective parents. Results showed that preadolescents were more likely to choose healthier beverages and perceived a higher descriptive norm towards healthier beverages when the assortment included increased relative availability of healthier beverages. Economic incentives and price awareness did not impact healthier beverage choices. Preadolescents were less likely to choose healthier beverages when parents reported higher levels of restrictive rules regarding beverage consumption. Results of the study suggest that increasing relative availability of healthier options could be a promising intervention strategy to support preadolescents in making healthier choices.
{"title":"Effects of increased availability and economic incentives on preadolescents’ healthier beverages choices: An experimental study","authors":"Roselinde L. van Nee, Femke Mulder, Ellen van Kleef, Hans C.M. van Trijp","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This field experimental study examined how increased availability and economic incentives for healthier beverages affect preadolescents' actual healthier beverage choices in a real-world setting. In addition, the impact of preadolescents’ descriptive norm towards healthier beverages, price awareness and parental restrictive rules regarding beverage consumption were explored. During the experiment, preadolescents could independently buy two beverages from an assortment with a total of eight beverages. A 2x2 between-subjects design was used, manipulating the presence of increased availability of healthier beverages and economic incentives (taxes for unhealthier beverages and subsidies for healthier beverages). A total of 305 preadolescents between 8 and 14 years old (<em>M</em> = 10.18, <em>SD</em> = 1.74) participated, each accompanied by one of their respective parents. Results showed that preadolescents were more likely to choose healthier beverages and perceived a higher descriptive norm towards healthier beverages when the assortment included increased relative availability of healthier beverages. Economic incentives and price awareness did not impact healthier beverage choices. Preadolescents were less likely to choose healthier beverages when parents reported higher levels of restrictive rules regarding beverage consumption. Results of the study suggest that increasing relative availability of healthier options could be a promising intervention strategy to support preadolescents in making healthier choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107714"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Binge eating (BE) is consuming large amounts of food in a short time, while experiencing loss of control over eating behavior. BE can be hereditary, and juvenile stress (JS) may contribute to its onset. We examined the impact of JS on BE-like behavior, in an animal model of intergenerational BE. Twenty-four female Wistar rats received 2-h access to palatable food (PF) three or five times a week (3 TW or 5 TW) for 4 weeks, followed by the open field test (OFT). At postnatal day (PND)27–29, female offspring either underwent JS (O-JSC) or not (O-CC). At PND51-53, offspring's stress levels were assessed behaviorally. At PND70-85, offspring received 2-h access to PF three times a week to assess their BE-like tendency. Hair samples were collected afterwards. Compared to 5 TW, 3 TW had a greater binge size. In the elevated plus maze and darklight box, in O-JSC, offspring of 3 TW (O-3TW) spent less time in the open arms and lit area compared to O-5TW. O-3TW consumed more PF than O-5TW. O-JSC consumed more than O-CC. O-3TW-JSC had higher hair CORT levels than O-3TW-CC and O-5TW-JSC. This study highlights the interplay between maternal and offspring experiences, allowing for the study of underlying mechanisms.
{"title":"Intergenerational transfer of binge eating-like behavior: The additive impact of juvenile stress","authors":"Elin Kachuki Dory , Avi Gueta , Yoni Loterstein , Lital Moshe , Devorah Matas , Lee Koren , Aron Weller","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Binge eating (BE) is consuming large amounts of food in a short time, while experiencing loss of control over eating behavior. BE can be hereditary, and juvenile stress (JS) may contribute to its onset. We examined the impact of JS on BE-like behavior, in an animal model of intergenerational BE. Twenty-four female Wistar rats received 2-h access to palatable food (PF) three or five times a week (3 TW or 5 TW) for 4 weeks, followed by the open field test (OFT). At postnatal day (PND)27–29, female offspring either underwent JS (O-JSC) or not (O-CC). At PND51-53, offspring's stress levels were assessed behaviorally. At PND70-85, offspring received 2-h access to PF three times a week to assess their BE-like tendency. Hair samples were collected afterwards. Compared to 5 TW, 3 TW had a greater binge size. In the elevated plus maze and darklight box, in O-JSC, offspring of 3 TW (O-3TW) spent less time in the open arms and lit area compared to O-5TW. O-3TW consumed more PF than O-5TW. O-JSC consumed more than O-CC. O-3TW-JSC had higher hair CORT levels than O-3TW-CC and O-5TW-JSC. This study highlights the interplay between maternal and offspring experiences, allowing for the study of underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107704
Alison K. Ventura , Kevin J. Ross , Alison L. Miller , Jasmine M. DeJesus , Cin Cin Tan , Julie C. Lumeng
Current infant feeding recommendations promote responsive feeding, wherein caregivers respond to infants' cues to determine feeding pace and duration, to support infant self-regulation and healthy weight outcomes. A central tenet of responsive feeding is that infants will effectively signal hunger, receptiveness to feeding, needs to disengage from feeding, and satiation, yet there is a lack of research available to support this assumption. Rather, previous research illustrates substantial variability exists for the extent to which infants exhibit behavioral cues during feeding and that many mothers feel their infants do not clearly communicate satiation, suggesting certain caregivers need tailored support to understand their infants' needs during feeding interactions. As a first step toward addressing this research gap, we developed the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) coding scheme, a comprehensive tool that assesses infants' disengagement/satiation behaviors and mothers' responses to infant behaviors and feeding practices during mother-infant feeding interactions. The BABES was applied to 876 videos of bottle-feeding interactions from a prospective, longitudinal study of dyads observed when infants were 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months old. Coders achieved moderate to strong inter-rater reliability. Descriptive analyses illustrated that the percentages of infants and mothers exhibiting different behaviors at each age were consistent with developmental trends noted in previous research. Application of this tool within future research holds the potential to create rich datasets allowing for description of intra- and inter-individual variability in infant and mother behaviors and how infants' and mothers' behaviors co-develop across the first year.
{"title":"Development of the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) behavioral coding scheme","authors":"Alison K. Ventura , Kevin J. Ross , Alison L. Miller , Jasmine M. DeJesus , Cin Cin Tan , Julie C. Lumeng","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2024.107704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current infant feeding recommendations promote responsive feeding, wherein caregivers respond to infants' cues to determine feeding pace and duration, to support infant self-regulation and healthy weight outcomes. A central tenet of responsive feeding is that infants will effectively signal hunger, receptiveness to feeding, needs to disengage from feeding, and satiation, yet there is a lack of research available to support this assumption. Rather, previous research illustrates substantial variability exists for the extent to which infants exhibit behavioral cues during feeding and that many mothers feel their infants do not clearly communicate satiation, suggesting certain caregivers need tailored support to understand their infants' needs during feeding interactions. As a first step toward addressing this research gap, we developed the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) coding scheme, a comprehensive tool that assesses infants' disengagement/satiation behaviors and mothers' responses to infant behaviors and feeding practices during mother-infant feeding interactions. The BABES was applied to 876 videos of bottle-feeding interactions from a prospective, longitudinal study of dyads observed when infants were 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months old. Coders achieved moderate to strong inter-rater reliability. Descriptive analyses illustrated that the percentages of infants and mothers exhibiting different behaviors at each age were consistent with developmental trends noted in previous research. Application of this tool within future research holds the potential to create rich datasets allowing for description of intra- and inter-individual variability in infant and mother behaviors and how infants' and mothers' behaviors co-develop across the first year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 107704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107712
Muriel C.D. Verain , Machiel J. Reinders , Emily P. Bouwman , Hans Dagevos
Meat moderation is needed to mitigate climate change and to address issues related to animal welfare and public health. Yet little is known on the process that consumers go through towards meat-reduced diets. Strässner and Hartmann (2023) recently developed the decisional balance scale (DB scale) for meat reduction, in order to get a better understanding of the trade-offs that consumers encounter in this dietary shift. The current study sets out to replicate their German study in the Dutch context. A survey has been conducted among a representative sample of Dutch adults (N = 1982). Overall, the present study corroborated Strässner and Hartmann's findings. Similar to the German situation, Legitimation is the most important barrier, and the Downsides of factory farming is the most important motivator for meat reduction in the Netherlands. The present study extends the German study by comparing the DB scale with other established scales in research on meat reduction. Although several motivational elements related to the legitimacy of eating meat, health impact and production of meat appear in different instruments, the DB scale sets itself apart in adding practical elements (feasibility). Finally, the insights in the decision balance of population subgroups at different stages of behaviour change (no intention, intention, performing) showed that the further in the meat reduction process, the more the pros outweigh the cons. With this, the current study provides valuable insights in bolstering consumers in meat moderation. Our findings support the idea of a gradual shift and reveal that there is potential for acceleration in behaviour change towards meat reduction to be found in adjusting the self-evidence of high-intensity livestock farming systems and the meat-centric food consumption culture.
要减缓气候变化，解决与动物福利和公共健康有关的问题，就必须节制肉类。然而，人们对消费者减少肉类饮食的过程知之甚少。Strässner 和 Hartmann（2023 年）最近开发了减肉决策平衡量表（DB 量表），以更好地了解消费者在这种饮食转变中遇到的权衡问题。本研究旨在将德国的研究成果复制到荷兰。我们对具有代表性的荷兰成年人样本（1982 人）进行了调查。总体而言，本研究证实了 Strässner 和 Hartmann 的发现。与德国的情况类似，在荷兰，"合法性 "是最重要的障碍，而 "工厂化养殖的弊端 "则是减少肉类消费的最重要动机。本研究对德国的研究进行了扩展，将 DB 量表与肉类减量研究中的其他既定量表进行了比较。尽管与吃肉的合法性、对健康的影响和肉类生产相关的几个动机要素出现在不同的工具中，但 DB 量表在增加了实际要素（可行性）后显得与众不同。最后，对处于行为改变不同阶段（无意、有意、正在进行）的人群决策平衡的深入研究表明，越是在减少肉类的过程中，利大于弊。因此，本研究为支持消费者节制肉食提供了有价值的见解。我们的研究结果支持 "渐进转变 "的观点，并揭示了在调整高强度畜牧业系统的自我认知和以肉类为中心的食品消费文化的过程中，加速减少肉类消费行为转变的潜力。
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Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107709
Jade M. Medemblik , Cathryn A. Conlon , Jillian J. Haszard , Anne-Louise M. Heath , Rachael W. Taylor , Pamela von Hurst , Kathryn L. Beck , Lisa Te Morenga , Lisa Daniels
The prevalence of food allergies in New Zealand infants is uncertain but is believed to be similar to Australia, exceeding 10%. Current recommendations for reducing food allergy risk are to offer all major food allergens to infants from as early as six months of age (start of complementary feeding), and before 12 months of age. However, little is known regarding parental practices around introducing major food allergens. This study aimed to explore parental offering of major food allergens to infants during complementary feeding, and parent-reported food allergies. The cross-sectional study is a secondary analysis of the multi-centre (Auckland and Dunedin) First Foods New Zealand study of 625 parent-infant dyads. Participants were recruited in 2020–2022 when infants were 7–10 months of age. Questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, complementary feeding approach, infant pouch use and parental responses to five food allergy questions. All major food allergens had been offered to only 17% of infants by 9–10 months of age. Having offered egg, peanut, tree nuts, sesame, soy and seafood was more commonly associated with using a baby-led complementary feeding approach than a parent-led approach (p < 0.001). Frequent baby food pouch use was associated with a lower likelihood of offering egg and peanut (both p < 0.001). Overall, 12.6% of infants had a reported food allergy, with symptomatic response after exposure being the most common diagnostic tool. Most infants are not offered all major food allergens during early complementary feeding, with some parents actively avoiding major food allergens in the first year of life. These results provide up-to-date knowledge of parental practices, highlighting the need for more targeted advice and strategies to improve parental engagement with allergy prevention and diagnosis.
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Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107708
Sarah Street , Kym Simoncini , Rebecca Byrne
Objective
Peers can significantly influence eating behaviours in school-aged children and adolescents. Studies vary in methodology and terminology and report inconsistent age and sex differences. No review has collated evidence within early childhood. This review aims to explore what is currently known about peer influence and eating behaviours in young children and identify knowledge gaps regarding commonly assessed eating behaviours, peer definitions, peer influence assessment methods, and theoretical frameworks.
Methods
A search of electronic databases (Embase, ERIC, Medline, APA PsycInfo, Scopus) was conducted. The review included peer-reviewed, primary research that explored peer influence on eating behaviour in any group context, published between 1980 and 2023, available in English full-text. Participants were aged between two and seven years. Primary and secondary screening were conducted by two authors. Data extraction was conducted by one author with a second author duplicating 25%.
Results
Twenty-six of the 3961 unique identified studies met inclusion criteria. Most studies (76%) report peers to influence eating behaviours. Peer influence was a primary aim in 18 studies, of which 17 were experimental, and peer influence emerged as a finding in seven studies. All phenomena of interest varied widely. Eating behaviour concept definitions were inconsistent, with four studies assessing hypothetical eating behaviours. Peers varied by age, familiarity, and in-person versus remote exposures. Six theoretical frameworks were referenced, and eleven studies lacked theoretical underpinning. No studies measured peer influence directly or obtained children's perspectives.
Conclusions
Peers may influence eating behaviours within early childhood. Peer familiarity and age potentially impact peer influence magnitude. Variations in study design and peer definitions make comparisons challenging. Future research should utilise observational designs to explore peer influence on child eating behaviours within naturalistic settings.
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