Appetite最新文献_第6页

The impact of dietary claims on behaviour: Expectations qualify how actual satiety affects cognitive performance 饮食主张对行为的影响：期望限定了实际饱腹感如何影响认知表现。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107823

Christoph Bamberg , Anne Roefs

Dietary choices significantly impact health and daily cognitive performance, prompting various recommendations for eating habits. Whereas much research has focused on the effects of actual satiety on cognitive performance, the influence of expectations regarding effects of satiety on performance remains underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by examining how the expectation of satiety influences cognitive outcomes, building on existing findings that highlight the role of placebo effects in shaping eating behaviour.

This study manipulated participants’ expectations of how their satiety (satiated versus hungry) affects their concentration through verbal placebo suggestions and measured effects on their cognitive performance. The sample consisted of four groups who were either satiated or hungry and either read the suggestion that their satiety state enhances or deteriorates their concentration. The suggestion was formulated as a scientific finding. Cognitive performance was measured remotely using a Simon Task.

Results showed that if participants’ actual satiety state was paired with a positive expectation regarding the state they were in, their performance was better than if it was paired with a negative expectation regarding their current satiety state. So, actual satiety state was not the main driver of cognitive performance, but what participants were led to believe about their current satiety state was.

These findings suggest that instructions in intervention studies should be phrased carefully to avoid expectation-related confounds. Additionally, verbal placebo suggestions could be a promising method to enhance cognitive performance in daily life.

饮食选择对健康和日常认知能力有显著影响，促使人们对饮食习惯提出各种建议。尽管许多研究都集中在实际饱腹感对认知表现的影响上，但饱腹感对表现的预期影响仍未得到充分探讨。本研究旨在通过研究饱腹预期如何影响认知结果来解决这一差距，以现有的研究结果为基础，强调安慰剂效应在塑造饮食行为中的作用。这项研究通过口头安慰剂建议和对认知表现的测量影响来操纵参与者对他们的饱腹感（饱与饥饿）如何影响他们注意力的预期。样本由四组组成，他们要么吃饱了，要么饿了，要么阅读饱腹感增强或减弱注意力的提示。这个建议是作为一项科学发现提出的。认知表现是通过西蒙任务远程测量的。结果表明，如果参与者的实际饱腹状态与他们所处的状态的积极期望配对，他们的表现优于与他们目前的饱腹状态的消极期望配对。所以，实际的饱腹感并不是认知表现的主要驱动因素，而是参与者被引导去相信他们当前的饱腹感状态。这些发现表明，干预研究的说明应谨慎措辞，以避免与预期相关的混淆。此外，口头安慰剂暗示可能是提高日常生活认知能力的一种有希望的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond table manners: Children's gratitude for food and the role of parental socialization 超越餐桌礼仪：儿童对食物的感激之情和父母社会化的作用。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107695

Simone P. Nguyen, Isabella J. Seip, Alexis Longinetti

This investigation explores children's food gratitude and parents' socialization of this gratitude within the United States. Study 1 examined children's spontaneous expressions of gratitude (N = 1441), focusing on the concepts of food environmental sustainability, properties, origins, scripts, and well-being. Study 2 surveyed parents (N = 110) regarding their engagement in socialization practices that promote children's food gratitude: conversations; modeling; niche selection; and, scaffolding. The results unveil nuances in younger and older children's gratitude for food concepts as well as parents' differential use of food gratitude socialization practices and emphasis on specific concepts. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that parents' food gratitude socialization practices predict parents' reports of their children's food gratitude. These studies elucidate variability in children's gratitude for food and parents' contribution to its development within this domain. These findings have implications for food gratitude socialization. (137 words)

这项调查探讨了美国儿童对食物的感激之情以及父母将这种感激之情社会化的情况。研究 1 调查了儿童自发表达的感激之情（1,441 人），重点关注食物环境的可持续性、属性、起源、脚本和福祉等概念。研究 2 调查了父母（N = 110）参与促进儿童食物感恩的社会化实践的情况：对话、示范、选择有利位置和支架。研究结果揭示了年幼儿童和年长儿童对食物概念的感激之情的细微差别，以及父母对食物感激社会化实践的不同使用和对特定概念的强调。此外，研究结果表明，父母的食物感恩社会化实践可以预测父母对子女食物感恩的报告。这些研究阐明了儿童对食物的感激之情的可变性以及父母在这一领域对其发展的贡献。这些发现对食物感恩社会化具有重要意义。(137个字）。

引用次数: 0

Experience with multiple devaluation is associated with elevated emotional eating, perceived weight, and body mass index: An exploration of mediating factors and the role of irrational beliefs in general population and university samples 多重贬值经历与情绪化进食、感知体重和体重指数升高有关：普通人群和大学样本中的中介因素及非理性信念的作用探究。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107816

Laurence J. Nolan, Amy Eshleman

Weight stigma, the social devaluation of people based on a perception of high body weight, is associated with a number of adverse health consequences including avoidance of medical care, suicide risk, disordered eating, decreased exercise, and weight gain. Experiences of stigma in a variety of domains in addition to weight may intersect to exacerbate these outcomes. Participants in two samples (one of 327 women and men from the general population and one of 128 female university students) reported experiences of devaluation on three body size and eight non-body size-related characteristics (referred to as multiple devaluation experience or MDE) and completed assessments of emotional eating (EE), feeling fat, weight self-stigma, impulsivity, and irrational beliefs. Participants were also asked to rate their body weight. MDE was correlated with elevated weight self-devaluation and anticipation of weight stigma, negative EE (NEE), feeling fat, and impulsivity in both men and women. None of these measures moderated the relationship between MDE and EE. The positive relationship between MDE and NEE was mediated by anticipated weight stigma only in women in the general population sample at higher levels of irrational beliefs. The positive relationship between MDE and body mass index (BMI) was mediated by NEE in women in the general population. The positive relationship between MDE and perceived body weight was mediated by feeling fat in women in both samples. These results suggest that women's experiences of stigma may increase anticipation of ongoing stigma, prompting NEE and resulting in elevated BMI. The results also suggest that feelings of fatness could lead to an elevation of women's perceived body weight, which in prospective studies is linked to later elevation of actual weight.

体重烙印是社会对体重过高的人的贬低，它与一系列不良健康后果有关，包括逃避医疗护理、自杀风险、饮食紊乱、运动减少和体重增加。除体重外，各种领域的成见可能会交织在一起，加剧这些后果。两个样本的参与者（一个是来自普通人群的 327 名女性和男性，另一个是 128 名女大学生）报告了在三个体型特征和八个与体型无关的特征上的贬损经历（称为多重贬损经历或 MDE），并完成了对情绪化进食（EE）、感觉肥胖、体重自我污名化、冲动性和非理性信念的评估。参与者还被要求对自己的体重进行评分。在男性和女性中，MDE 都与体重自我评价的升高、体重耻辱感的预期、负面 EE (NEE)、感觉肥胖和冲动有关。这些测量指标都没有调节 MDE 和 EE 之间的关系。只有在非理性信念水平较高的普通人群样本中，预期体重蔑视才会调节 MDE 和 NEE 之间的正相关关系。在普通人群中，MDE 与体重指数（BMI）之间的正相关关系由 NEE 起中介作用。在这两个样本中，MDE 与感知体重之间的正相关关系都是由感觉自己胖而中介的。这些结果表明，女性的成见经历可能会增加对持续成见的预期，从而引发 NEE 并导致 BMI 升高。研究结果还表明，肥胖感可能会导致女性感知体重的增加，而在前瞻性研究中，这种感知体重的增加与后来实际体重的增加有关。

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引用次数: 0

Development and cultural adaptation of text messages for promoting healthy eating among Amazonian schoolchildren 为促进亚马逊地区学童健康饮食而编写的短信及其文化适应性。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107833

Ana Carolina de Andrade Hovadick , Steffany Martins Moreira , Caroline Zani Rodrigues , Valéria Clarisse de Oliveira , Marly Augusto Cardoso

Objective

To develop text messages for a mHealth intervention promoting healthy eating among Amazonian schoolchildren.

Design

Two rounds of expert panel analysis and formative research interviews.

Setting

Western Brazilian Amazon, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil.

Participants

Included 17 healthcare professionals and 40 caregivers of school-aged children enrolled in the Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition in Acre birth cohort study.

Main outcome measures

Evaluation focused on messages' cultural appropriateness, comprehensibility, and relevance, along with caregivers' understanding and intention to adhere to the recommendations.

Analysis

Quantitative analysis employed the modified Cohen Kappa, the Scale-Content Validity Index Average (S-CVI-Ave), frequency calculations, and a ranking system.

Results

Fifty-five text messages were drafted. In the initial stage, eight messages did not achieve a sufficient score and were subsequently revised and reevaluated, ultimately gaining approval. The S-CVI-Ave for each domain was as follows: cultural appropriateness = 0.97, comprehensibility = 0.96, and relevance = 0.97. Formative research indicated a 92% understanding rate and a 70% intention rate to adhere to the proposed suggestions.

Conclusions and implications

The final set of messages was successfully culturally adapted and will contribute to the translation and dissemination of Dietary Guidelines for Brazilian Population recommendations to Western Amazon families.

目的：为促进亚马逊学童健康饮食的移动健康干预开发短信。设计：两轮专家小组分析和形成性研究访谈。环境：巴西西部亚马逊，南克鲁塞罗，阿克里，巴西。参与者：包括17名医疗保健专业人员和40名学龄儿童的照顾者，他们参加了阿克里出生队列研究的妇幼保健和营养。主要结果测量：评估侧重于信息的文化适当性、可理解性和相关性，以及护理人员对建议的理解和坚持的意图。分析：定量分析采用改进的Cohen Kappa、量表-内容效度指数平均值（S-CVI-Ave）、频率计算和排名系统。结果：共起草了55条短信。在最初阶段，有8条信息没有达到足够的分数，随后进行了修改和重新评估，最终获得了批准。各域的S-CVI-Ave分别为：文化适宜性= 0.97，可理解性= 0.96，相关性= 0.97。形成性研究表明，92%的理解率和70%的意愿率坚持提出的建议。结论和影响：最后一组信息成功地适应了文化，并将有助于翻译和传播巴西人口膳食指南建议给西亚马逊家庭。

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引用次数: 0

Exposure to mouse dams to bonito broth during gestation or lactation reduces fat intake in offspring 在妊娠期或哺乳期使小鼠接触鲣鱼肉汤可减少后代的脂肪摄入量。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107836

Shunsuke Fushimi, Sho Matsui, Yasuo Oguri, Satoshi Tsuzuki, Tsutomu Sasaki

Overconsumption of fat contributes to obesity and low adherence to dietary therapy in patients with obesity. The frequency of consuming soup dishes containing “dashi” (Japanese broth), a characteristic element of the Japanese diet, is negatively associated with obesity indicators. The use of dashi is considered one of the reasons why the low-fat Japanese diet is popular; however, whether and how dashi controls the selection and intake of fat is unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that bonito broth, a typical Japanese dashi, affects fat consumption in a mouse model. First, we examined the long-term or short-term intake of corn oil emulsion in adult mice fed bonito broth. No significant effect was observed. Next, mouse dams were fed bonito broth during gestation or lactation and licking of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10% corn oil in their adult pups was evaluated in acute tests. Compared to the control group, there were significant decreases in licks for some corn oil concentrations in the gestation and lactation groups. Finally, corn oil licking was tested in pups fed bonito broth after weaning. No significant effect was detected. This study suggests that dams’ intake of bonito broth during gestation or lactation reduces the intake of fat by their pups in adulthood.

脂肪的过度消耗导致肥胖和肥胖患者对饮食治疗的依从性低。日本饮食的特色元素——“日式肉汤”的食用频率与肥胖指标呈负相关。鱼汤的使用被认为是低脂日本饮食受欢迎的原因之一；然而，鱼汤是否以及如何控制脂肪的选择和摄入是未知的。在这项研究中，我们在小鼠模型中测试了鲣鱼汤（一种典型的日本鱼汤）影响脂肪消耗的假设。首先，我们研究了长期或短期摄入玉米油乳剂的成年小鼠喂食鲣鱼肉汤。没有观察到明显的影响。接下来，在妊娠期或哺乳期给小鼠喂食鲣鱼肉汤，并在急性试验中评估成年幼崽舔0.5、1、2.5、5和10%玉米油的情况。与对照组相比，妊娠组和哺乳期组对某些玉米油浓度的舔舐量显著降低。最后，在断奶后饲喂鲣鱼肉汤的幼崽中进行玉米油舔食试验。没有发现明显的影响。这项研究表明，在怀孕或哺乳期间摄入鲣鱼肉汤会减少成年后幼崽摄入的脂肪。

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引用次数: 0

The Experimental Beverage Marketplace: Feasibility and preliminary validation of a tool to experimentally study sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and beverage purchasing 实验饮料市场：实验研究含糖饮料税和饮料购买工具的可行性和初步验证。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107848

Haylee Downey , Leonard H. Epstein , Jeffrey S. Stein

Sugar sweetened-beverage (SSB) consumption contributes to poor diet quality and diet-related chronic diseases. One effective public health strategy to reduce SSB consumption is to tax SSB. Laboratory approaches can complement existing methods to improve understanding of how taxes on SSB influence purchasing. In this study we sought to develop and validate an experimental marketplace that presents participants with beverages typically available at grocery stores. Participants who drink SSB (n = 73) hypothetically shopped for beverages for their household with a 40% SSB tax and with no tax (order counterbalanced). Relative to the no tax condition, SSB purchasing was lower in the tax condition. We also found that self-reported beverage expenditures were correlated with experimental marketplace beverage expenditures. Most participants noticed the tax and agreed that the experimental marketplace was easy to use. Using an experimental marketplace is a promising way to explore SSB tax design to improve public policy. We present ideas for future studies that can include real and hypothetical outcomes.

含糖饮料（SSB）的消费导致饮食质量差和与饮食有关的慢性疾病。减少SSB消费的一个有效的公共卫生策略是对SSB征税。实验室方法可以补充现有方法，以提高对SSB税如何影响采购的理解。在这项研究中，我们试图开发和验证一个实验市场，向参与者提供通常在杂货店可以买到的饮料。喝SSB的参与者（n = 73）假设为他们的家庭购买饮料时征收40%的SSB税和不征税（订单平衡）。相对于无税条件，有税条件下的SSB购买量较低。我们还发现，自我报告的饮料支出与实验市场饮料支出相关。大多数参与者都注意到了这项税收，并认为这个试验性的市场很容易使用。使用实验市场是探索SSB税收设计以改善公共政策的一种有希望的方式。我们提出了未来研究的想法，可以包括真实和假设的结果。

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引用次数: 0

This is MY earth: Hybrid meat's impact on psychological ownership 这是我的地球：杂交肉对心理所有权的影响。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107827

Lars-Erik Casper Ferm , Mai Nguyen

Across two experimental studies, we examine the role of psychological ownership of the Earth and it's anthropomorphosis on hybrid meat purchase intentions as the result of proximal and distal message framing. Study 1 revealed that proximal (vs. distal) message framing (e.g., “Help take care of your (vs. the) Earth”) significantly increased psychological ownership and purchase intentions compared to distal framing. Study 2 extended these findings by introducing anthropomorphism (e.g., a smiling Earth). We found that introducing anthropomorphism led to similar effects on psychological ownership and purchase intention levels, regardless of framing. Yet psychological ownership of the Earth, due to message framing and anthropomorphism, did not play a mediating role on higher purchase intentions. Our study provides theoretical contributions to psychological ownership and construal level theory, while offering further insights for marketers by emphasizing distal framing and when to use anthropomorphism in environmental messaging for hybrid products.

通过两项实验研究，我们考察了地球的心理所有权和地球的拟人化对混合肉类购买意向的作用，以及近端和远端信息框定的结果。研究 1 发现，与远端信息框定相比，近端（与远端）信息框定（如 "帮助照顾您（与）的地球"）显著增加了心理所有权和购买意向。研究 2 通过引入拟人化（如微笑的地球）来扩展这些发现。我们发现，无论采用哪种框架，拟人化都会对心理所有权和购买意向水平产生类似的影响。然而，由于信息框架和拟人化，对地球的心理所有权并没有对更高的购买意向起到中介作用。我们的研究为心理所有权和建构水平理论做出了理论贡献，同时通过强调远距离框架以及何时在混合产品的环境信息中使用拟人化，为营销人员提供了进一步的见解。

引用次数: 0

Still eating like there's no tomorrow? A qualitative study to revisit attitudes and awareness around sustainable diets after 10 years 还像没有明天一样吃东西吗？一项10年后重新审视人们对可持续饮食的态度和认识的定性研究。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107799

Emily Cleland , David McBey , Vitri Darlene , Benjamin J.J. McCormick , Jennie I. Macdiarmid

There is growing realisation that changes to the food system are needed to prevent the worst scenarios for future climatic change. One of these changes is for people to consume sustainable diets, which are healthy, do not place overwhelming strain on the environment, and are culturally and socially acceptable and economically attainable. One facet of such diets is that people in countries where meat is consumed in large quantities may need to reduce their intake. A 2013/14 study suggested that people were unaware of the link between diet and climate change, the need to change diets for environmental reasons and were reluctant to reduce meat eating. We sought to investigate whether people's views on the topic had changed since then by repeating focus groups with 60 participants, revisiting the same geographic areas as the original study, and ensuring rural/urban areas and levels of deprivation remained constant. We solicited people's understanding of sustainable diets and their willingness to adopt them. We found that awareness had increased, albeit not evenly among socioeconomic groups. During the intervening period greater media coverage linking environment and food was observed. There was more apparent willingness to reduce meat consumption, but many of the perceived and experienced barriers persisted that people claimed impeded them from doing so. Acknowledging the differing experiences and perceived barriers and facilitators from different groups is necessary to create interventions that address specific obstacles, making it easier for individuals to adopt more sustainable dietary practices and ultimately contributing to achieving environmental and public health goals.

人们越来越认识到，需要改变粮食系统，以防止未来气候变化出现最坏的情况。其中一个变化是人们消费可持续饮食，这种饮食健康，不会对环境造成巨大压力，在文化和社会上可以接受，在经济上可以实现。这种饮食的一个方面是，在大量食用肉类的国家，人们可能需要减少他们的摄入量。2013/14年的一项研究表明，人们没有意识到饮食与气候变化之间的联系，没有意识到出于环境原因改变饮食的必要性，也不愿意减少吃肉。我们试图通过重复60名参与者的焦点小组，重新访问与原始研究相同的地理区域，并确保农村/城市地区和贫困水平保持不变，来调查人们对该主题的看法自那时以来是否发生了变化。我们征求人们对可持续饮食的理解和采用的意愿。我们发现，尽管在不同的社会经济群体中，这种意识有所增强。在此期间，更多的媒体报道将环境和食物联系起来。减少肉类消费的意愿更加明显，但许多人们认为和经历的障碍仍然存在，人们声称这些障碍阻碍了他们这样做。认识到不同群体的不同经验和感知到的障碍和推动者是必要的，以便制定解决具体障碍的干预措施，使个人更容易采用更可持续的饮食习惯，并最终有助于实现环境和公共卫生目标。

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引用次数: 0

Mindful eating is associated with a better diet quality in the NutriNet-Santé study 在nutrinet - sant<s:1>研究中，正念饮食与更好的饮食质量有关。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107797

Pauline Paolassini-Guesnier , Marion Van Beekum , Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot , Julia Baudry , Bernard Srour , Alice Bellicha , Rebecca Shankland , Angélique Rodhain , Christophe Leys , Serge Hercberg , Mathilde Touvier , Benjamin Allès , Sandrine Péneau

Background

Mindful eating (ME) is a promising approach for promoting healthy eating. Although an association between ME and healthier eating habits has been indicated in the literature, data remain limited. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between ME and several nutritional indicators, including overall diet quality, consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), organic foods, food groups, and intake of energy and nutrients in a large population sample.

Methods

In 2023, 13,759 participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort study completed the Mind-Eat Scale, assessing total ME (range: 1–5), and its six sub-dimensions, and at least three 24-h dietary records. Multivariable linear regressions were performed to analyze the association between ME (independent variable) and various indices reflecting the nutritional quality of the diet: two scores reflecting the adherence to the French dietary guidelines (sPNNS-GS2) and the Mediterranean diet (MEDI-LITE score), the consumption of UPF (using the NOVA classification), organic foods and food groups, and energy and nutrient intake (dependent variables), adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics.

Results

ME was positively associated with French dietary guideline (β = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.30, 0.45) and Mediterranean diet (β = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.30, 0.45) scores and with organic food consumption (β = 9.72; 95%CI: 8.84, 10.60). Furthermore, ME was negatively associated with energy intake (β = −36.79; 95%CI: 50.92, −22.67) and UPF consumption (β = −1.55; 95%CI: 1.81, −1.29). ME was also associated with the intake of several food groups and nutrients.

Conclusion

Overall, ME was associated with a healthier diet. These results suggest that ME could be an interesting lever for promoting healthy eating habits. Further studies are required to better understand the relationships between ME, dietary intake, and health, particularly through the use of longitudinal studies.

背景：正念饮食（ME）是一种很有前途的促进健康饮食的方法。虽然ME和健康饮食习惯之间的关联已经在文献中指出，但数据仍然有限。这项横断面研究的目的是调查代谢能与几个营养指标之间的关系，包括总体饮食质量，超加工食品（UPF）的消费，有机食品，食物组，以及大量人口样本的能量和营养摄入。方法：2023年，nutrinet - sant队列研究的13759名参与者完成了Mind-Eat量表，评估总ME（范围：1-5）及其六个子维度，以及至少三个24小时饮食记录。采用多变量线性回归分析ME（自变量）与反映日粮营养品质的各项指标之间的相关性：两个分数反映了对法国饮食指南（sPNNS-GS2）和地中海饮食（MEDI-LITE评分）的遵守程度，UPF的消费（使用NOVA分类），有机食品和食品组，以及能量和营养摄入（因变量），根据社会人口统计学和生活方式特征进行调整。结果：ME与法国膳食指南呈正相关(β=0.33；95%CI: 0.30, 0.45)和地中海饮食(β=0.37；95%CI: 0.30, 0.45)得分与有机食品消费有关(β=9.72；95%ci: 8.84, 10.60)。此外，代谢能与能量摄入呈负相关(β= -36.79；95%CI: -50.92, -22.67)和UPF消耗(β= -1.55；95%ci: -1.81, -1.29)。ME还与几种食物和营养素的摄入有关。结论：总体而言，ME与更健康的饮食有关。这些结果表明，ME可能是促进健康饮食习惯的一个有趣杠杆。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解ME、饮食摄入和健康之间的关系，特别是通过使用纵向研究。

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引用次数: 0

Addition of retronasal milk fat odour during milk consumption increased liking without affecting intake 在牛奶消费过程中加入后鼻乳脂气味增加了喜欢度，但不影响摄入量。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107832

Pirc Matjaž , Joosten Lieke , Pietersma Karleen , Hageman Cors , Bolhuis Dieuwerke , Boesveldt Sanne

Reduction of food fat content often comes at the cost of sensory appeal. Given that odours can enhance various fat-related sensory characteristics, their use as fat substitutes seems promising. This cross-over study investigated whether sensory characteristics of a low-fat product (dairy milk) can be enhanced by the addition of a fat-related aroma (cream) and whether this influences subsequent eating behaviour within an ecologically valid scenario. Fifty-six consumers evaluated 0% fat milk without aroma (skim), 0% fat milk infused with cream aroma (skim+) and 3.5% fat milk without aroma (full) on perceived flavour intensity, creamy mouthfeel, aftertaste and liking (ranking rating scale - 100-unit VAS). In three separate subsequent sessions, 54 of the participants consumed the samples above as fixed preloads (300 ml) after which they were provided an ad-libitum breakfast consisting of granola and yogurt. Appetite ratings (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective consumption) were collected pre- and post-preload and post-breakfast. While skim + samples were more liked compared to skim ones, there was no difference in flavour intensity, creamy mouthfeel, or aftertaste. Full fat samples were rated higher than both skim and skim + ones on all attributes. Despite the added aroma (skim+) enhancing liking, it did not influence subsequent intake amounts or eating rate. In fact, there were no differences in intake or appetite between any of the preloads. This demonstrates that odours can be used to enhance liking of reduced-fat food products, yet the broader implication of such an approach on food intake behaviour remains to elucidated.

降低食物脂肪含量往往是以降低感官吸引力为代价的。鉴于气味可以增强各种与脂肪相关的感官特征，它们作为脂肪替代品的使用似乎很有希望。这项交叉研究调查了低脂产品（牛奶）的感官特征是否可以通过添加脂肪相关的香气（奶油）来增强，以及这是否会影响在生态有效情况下的后续饮食行为。56名消费者对无香气的0%脂肪牛奶（脱脂）、添加奶油香气的0%脂肪牛奶（脱脂+）和无香气的3.5%脂肪牛奶（全脱脂）的感知风味强度、奶油口感、余味和喜欢度进行了评价（评分量表- 100单位VAS）。在随后的三个独立的阶段中，54名参与者将上述样品作为固定的预负荷（300毫升）饮用，然后为他们提供由格兰诺拉麦片和酸奶组成的随意早餐。食欲评分（饥饿感、饱腹感、吃东西的欲望、预期消费）在加载前、加载后和早餐后被收集。虽然脱脂牛奶比脱脂牛奶更受欢迎，但在风味强度、奶油口感或余味方面没有区别。全脂样品在所有属性上的评分都高于脱脂和脱脂+样品。尽管添加的香气（脱脂）增强了人们的喜爱，但它并不影响随后的摄入量或进食速度。事实上，在任何预负荷之间，摄取量或食欲都没有差异。这表明气味可以用来增强对低脂食品的喜爱，但这种方法对食物摄入行为的更广泛含义仍有待阐明。

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引用次数: 0