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2016 IEEE First International Conference on Control, Measurement and Instrumentation (CMI)最新文献

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A real-time heart-rate monitor using non-contact electrocardiogram for automotive drivers 一种用于汽车驾驶员的非接触式心电图实时心率监测仪
R. Singh, Archisman Sarkar, Rupak Kumar Thakur, C. Anoop
A large number of vehicle accidents and its associated human fatalities occur throughout the world due to drowsiness or health-related issues of the driver. Such mis-happenings can be reduced by integrating a driver-health monitor into the automotive. Different techniques such as camera-based image processing, photoplethysmograph, electroencephalograph, etc. have been employed to develop driver-state monitors. They use either multiple electrodes or require direct optical contact with the human body or need complex signal conditioning algorithms. In this paper, we develop a basic framework in the direction of developing a simple real-time heart-rate (HR) monitoring system using non-contact capacitive electrocardiograph (ECG). The system uses of an electrode structure which can be integrated within a steering wheel and simple, low-cost signal processing blocks. The system efficiency is verified through extensive testing on a number of volunteers in multiple scenarios and multiple electrode configurations with respect to the steering wheel. These tests show that the proposed system gives good quality ECG signals and estimates HR with good accuracy. The capability of the system as a reliable drowsiness monitor is also tested and encouraging results are obtained.
由于驾驶员的嗜睡或健康问题,世界各地发生了大量的交通事故及其相关的人员死亡。通过将驾驶员健康监视器集成到汽车中,可以减少此类事故的发生。不同的技术,如基于摄像头的图像处理,光电容积脉搏仪,脑电图等已被用于开发驾驶员状态监视器。它们要么使用多个电极,要么需要与人体直接光学接触,要么需要复杂的信号调节算法。在本文中,我们开发了一个基本框架的方向,开发一个简单的实时心率(HR)监测系统使用非接触式电容式心电图(ECG)。该系统使用电极结构,可以集成在方向盘和简单,低成本的信号处理模块中。该系统的效率通过对许多志愿者在多种场景和多种电极配置下对方向盘进行广泛测试来验证。实验结果表明,该系统能给出高质量的心电信号,并能较准确地估计心率。测试了该系统作为一个可靠的睡意监测系统的能力,并取得了令人鼓舞的结果。
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引用次数: 13
Auto target detection of humanoid and auto shooting using sniper: A design approach 仿人机器人自动目标检测与狙击自动射击的设计方法
Vivek Baruah, Markand Vyas, T. Mahanta
In this paper a new defense mechanism using image processing has been implemented which can acquire targets at long distances with high precision in various weather conditions. The main objective is to make an effective tool for the armed forces which can guard the border areas. The mechanism consists of two modules: targeting unit and firing unit. The targeting unit has a microcontroller along with sensors to detect the presence of humans in the targeted area and processes various atmospheric parameters electronically. LASER pointer is used to determine if the desired target is hit or missed by tracking the path of the bullet and determining the point of intersection with the LASER. The targeting unit has special mechanism which can position the gun automatically once the parameters are obtained.
本文提出了一种基于图像处理的新型防御机制,该机制可以在多种天气条件下对远距离目标进行高精度捕获。其主要目的是使武装部队能够有效地保卫边境地区。该装置由两个模块组成:瞄准单元和发射单元。目标单元具有一个微控制器和传感器,用于探测目标区域中人类的存在并以电子方式处理各种大气参数。激光指示器是通过跟踪子弹的轨迹并确定与激光的交点来确定所期望的目标是否被击中或未击中。该瞄准单元具有特殊的机构,可在获取参数后自动定位火炮。
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引用次数: 0
Two-mass robot hopping on an elastic foundation: Apex height control 弹性基础上双质量跳跃机器人:顶点高度控制
F. Mathis, R. Mukherjee
The problem of controlling the apex height of a two-mass robot hopping on a massless elastic foundation is addressed. A backstepping controller is used to stabilize the dynamics of the robot in the flight and contact phases and a discrete controller is used to stabilize the overall hybrid dynamics. The efficacy of the controller is demonstrated using simulations.
研究了在无质量弹性基础上跳跃的双质量机器人的顶点高度控制问题。采用反步控制器稳定机器人在飞行和接触阶段的动力学,采用离散控制器稳定整体混合动力学。通过仿真验证了该控制器的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Level control of two tank system by fractional order integral state feedback controller tuned by PSO with experimental validation 基于粒子群调谐的分数阶积分状态反馈控制器对双罐系统液位控制的实验验证
P. Roy, Biprajeet Kar, Aman Kumar, B. K. Roy
This paper aims to show better performance of Fractional Order Integral State Feedback (FOISF) controller over Integral State Feedback (ISF) controller with experimental validation in level control of a two tank (non interactive) system. A nonlinear as well as a linear model of the system is obtained using physical laws and experimental open loop response. Considering the linear model an ISF controller has been designed using pole placement technique. FOISF controller is designed considering the nonlinear model using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Proposed controllers are validated in an experimental set up manufactured by Feedback Instruments (Model No 33-041S). Experimental results reveal that FOISF controller provides better performances than that of ISF controller.
本文旨在证明分数阶积分状态反馈(FOISF)控制器比积分状态反馈(ISF)控制器具有更好的性能,并通过实验验证了双槽(非交互)系统的液位控制。利用物理定律和实验开环响应,得到了系统的非线性和线性模型。考虑线性模型,采用极点配置技术设计了ISF控制器。采用粒子群算法(PSO)设计了考虑非线性模型的FOISF控制器。在反馈仪器(型号33-041S)制造的实验装置中验证了所提出的控制器。实验结果表明,FOISF控制器比ISF控制器具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 14
Analysis of singular systems via Taylor series using a recursive algorithm 用递归算法通过泰勒级数分析奇异系统
Suchismita Ghosh
The paper proposes a new recursive approach for the analysis of singular system using Taylor series. Firstly, theoretical foundation of the recursive algorithm using both first and second orders Taylor series has been established in a lucid manner. Numerical examples have been treated along with relevant tables and curves in support of effectiveness of the method. Further, mean integral square error (MISE) has been estimated for both first and second order Taylor series approaches and found to be within tolerable limits. Thus, the method proves to be attractive and efficient as well.
本文提出了一种新的用泰勒级数分析奇异系统的递归方法。首先,清晰地建立了一阶和二阶泰勒级数递归算法的理论基础。数值算例的处理以及相应的表格和曲线证明了该方法的有效性。此外,对一阶和二阶泰勒级数方法的平均积分平方误差(MISE)进行了估计,并发现其在可容忍的范围内。结果表明,该方法既有效又有吸引力。
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引用次数: 2
Application of close loop expert system for heating control of rolling mill furnaces in a steel plant 闭环专家系统在某钢厂轧机加热炉加热控制中的应用
S. Mitra, M. Gangadaran
One of the critical impediment faced in hierarchical control in an process industry is unavailability of exact mathematical co-relations, which can precisely define the process behavior. These are primarily due to variable, complex and un-measurable factors and noises influencing the process behavior. However, such cases are most appropriate application areas of Expert Systems. In process industry, Expert Systems are one of the successful application areas of Artificial Intelligence, where expertise and knowledge of a Process Expert or a group of Experts are embedded as computer inference software and database. In a real time situation, these systems can take intelligent decisions as would have been taken by process Expert on a similar situation. Determination of exact Set Process Temperatures or thermal regime on different parts of Rolling Mill Furnaces like Annealing Furnace in a Steel Industry is an intriguing problem. However, this decision is very crucial as final mechanical and metallurgical quality of steel stock significantly depends on fixing and accurate control of these temperatures. But as a irony, no well defined mathematical co-relations are available, which can predict exact thermal regime to be followed to achieve desired quality and properties of steel coils/sheets under heating inside such furnaces. The aforesaid intriguing issue has been successfully resolved by development and implementation of Expert System guided heating control system through prediction and control of optimum furnace temperatures inside Annealing Furnaces at Cold Rolling Mill of Bokaro Steel Plant and Decarburization-Annealing Furnace at Silicon Steel Mill of Rourkela Steel Plant. In both the cases, concepts of hierarchical automation has been used, wherein Expert System comprising Level-II tier of automation predicts most appropriate thermal regime to obtain desired product quality for a given set of steel sheet. A seamlessly dovetailed PLC constitutes Level-I automation layer. PLC monitors and controls the plant as per advice from Expert System. Both the systems have enhanced plants efficiency by improving production, quality and energy conservation.
在过程工业中,分级控制面临的一个关键障碍是缺乏精确的数学关系,无法精确地定义过程行为。这些主要是由于影响过程行为的可变、复杂和不可测量的因素和噪声。然而,这些案例是专家系统最合适的应用领域。在过程工业中,专家系统是人工智能的成功应用领域之一,其中过程专家或一组专家的专业知识和知识被嵌入到计算机推理软件和数据库中。在实时情况下,这些系统可以做出智能决策,就像流程专家在类似情况下所做的那样。在钢铁工业中,确定炼钢厂炼钢炉(如退火炉)不同部位的精确设定工艺温度或热状态是一个令人感兴趣的问题。然而,这个决定是非常关键的,因为钢的最终机械和冶金质量在很大程度上取决于这些温度的固定和精确控制。但具有讽刺意味的是,没有明确定义的数学关系,可以预测精确的热状态,以达到在这种炉内加热的钢卷/钢板的所需质量和性能。通过对博卡罗钢铁厂冷轧厂退火炉和鲁克拉钢铁厂硅钢厂脱碳退火炉的最佳炉温进行预测和控制,开发并实施了专家系统指导的加热控制系统,成功地解决了上述有趣的问题。在这两种情况下,都使用了分层自动化的概念,其中专家系统包括二级自动化层预测最合适的热状态,以获得给定钢板组所需的产品质量。无缝对接的PLC构成一级自动化层。PLC根据专家系统的建议监控和控制工厂。这两种系统都通过提高产量、质量和节能来提高工厂效率。
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引用次数: 8
Guaranteed performance PID controller for UAV pitch control 用于无人机俯仰控制的保性能PID控制器
Debaleena Misra, Supritam Bhattacharjee, B. Goswami, R. Ghosh
In this paper, a guaranteed performance PID controller is proposed for the pitch control problem of an UAV. Using the loci for the stated performance criteria, the PID controller zeros are suitably selected as a pair of conjugate poles for the desired system in the specified zone of the s-plane. These poles are rendered non-dominant in order to avert the adverse effects of pole-zero cancellation. This method is proposed as an alternative to the guaranteed dominant pole placement method proposed by Wang et al., in which dominant poles are selected using the critical damping ratio and natural frequency. Simulation results and comparative assessment of the system performances using the designed controller, the guaranteed dominant pole placement controller and LQR validate the efficacy of the proposed controller.
针对无人机的俯仰控制问题,提出了一种性能保证的PID控制器。利用所述性能标准的轨迹,在s平面的指定区域内,适当地选择PID控制器零点作为期望系统的一对共轭极点。为了避免极-零抵消的不利影响,这些极点被呈现为非显性。该方法是Wang等人提出的保证优势极放置方法的替代方法,保证优势极放置方法使用临界阻尼比和固有频率选择优势极。仿真结果验证了所设计控制器、保证优势极点控制器和LQR控制器的有效性,并对系统性能进行了比较评估。
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引用次数: 5
Optimal PID controller design of an inverted pendulum dynamics: A hybrid pole-placement & firefly algorithm approach 倒立摆动力学的最优PID控制器设计:一种混合极点-萤火虫算法方法
N. S. Reddy, M. S. Saketh, Pikaso Pal, R. Dey
The solution of control for inverted pendulum is a challenging problem and many control techniques have been tested on this bench mark problem to test the efficacy of the designed control law. In this note an attempt has been made to stabilize a linear dynamics of inverted pendulum by designing an optimal PID controller that guarantees the given time-domain performance specifications. To accomplish the task a hybrid pole-placement and firefly optimization control algorithm has been evolved. To apply the control algorithm, initially the upper bound of the controller gain is computed using Routh-Hurwitz criteria and later the lower bound of the controller gain is found out using pole-placement technique. Once the ranges of controller gains are obtained, the optimized value of the gains are found using firefly optimization technique.
倒立摆的控制是一个具有挑战性的问题,许多控制技术已经在这个基准问题上进行了测试,以检验所设计的控制律的有效性。本文试图通过设计一个最优PID控制器来稳定倒立摆的线性动力学,以保证给定的时域性能规格。为了完成这一任务,提出了一种混合极点配置和萤火虫优化控制算法。为了应用该控制算法,首先利用Routh-Hurwitz准则计算控制器增益的上界,然后利用极点放置技术求出控制器增益的下界。一旦得到控制器增益的范围,利用萤火虫优化技术求出增益的最优值。
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引用次数: 10
Smart-phone as measuring device 智能手机作为测量设备
Apurbaa Mallik, Brojeshwar Bhowmick, A. Visvanathan
We propose a methodology to measure object's dimension using smart-phone's sensor. This technique is quite useful for various applications like proper package size estimation in packaging industry, interior object dimension for decoration industry etc. In particular this method is very useful whenever a measuring tape or scale is not available. We use accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer available in smart-phones to record real-time data which help to understand mobile's movement. These data will be used to measure displacement of the mobile in X, Y and Z directions using Newton's law of motion. But as the data available from these phones are not noise free, so a robust noise removal algorithm is employed. Experimental results show that our method of measuring dimension is quite accurate for different size and shape of objects.
提出了一种利用智能手机传感器测量物体尺寸的方法。该技术在包装行业的包装尺寸估算,装饰行业的室内物体尺寸等各种应用中非常有用。特别是当没有卷尺或秤时,这种方法非常有用。我们使用智能手机上的加速度计、陀螺仪和磁力计来记录实时数据,这有助于了解手机的运动。根据牛顿运动定律,这些数据将用于测量移动设备在X、Y和Z方向上的位移。但由于这些手机的数据不是无噪声的,所以采用了一种鲁棒的去噪算法。实验结果表明,该方法对不同尺寸和形状的物体具有较好的测量精度。
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引用次数: 1
Optimal solutions of load frequency control problem using oppositional krill herd algorithm 基于对偶磷虾群算法的负荷频率控制问题最优解
Md Sahil Alam, A. Singh, Dipayan Guha
An attempt has been made in this article for effective solution of load frequency control (LFC) problem in an interconnected power system using a meta-heuristic optimization technique, called oppositional krill herd algorithm (OKHA). Krill herd algorithm (KHA) is simply mimics the life cycle of krill in an oceans and designed based on the solution of herding behavior of individual krill. A two-area multi-unit all hydro power plants equipped with a classical integral controller is considered for design and analysis. The interconnected hydro-hydro power plant is inherently an unstable system due the non-minimum phase characteristic of hydro turbine. Thus to retrieve the stability, different frequency stabilizers like superconducting magnetic energy storage, thyristor controlled phase shifter, and static synchronous series compensator in coordination with LFC are intended using OKHA paying integral square error based fitness function. Time domain simulation results obtained with OKHA are compared with original KHA and some recently published optimization schemes for the similar test system. Additionally, the robustness of the designed controller is validated by investigating the dynamic responses of test system with random load perturbation. Simulation results confirmed that OKHA outperforms other optimization techniques in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency.
本文尝试使用一种称为对偶磷虾群算法的元启发式优化技术有效地解决互联电力系统中的负荷频率控制问题。磷虾群体算法(KHA)是简单地模拟海洋中磷虾的生命周期,并根据磷虾个体的群体行为求解而设计的算法。考虑了采用经典积分控制器的两区多机组全水电厂的设计与分析。由于水轮机的非最小相位特性,互联水电厂本质上是一个不稳定系统。因此,为了恢复稳定性,使用OKHA支付基于平方误差积分的适应度函数,设计了超导磁储能、晶闸管控制移相器和与LFC协调的静态同步串联补偿器等不同的频率稳定器。利用OKHA获得的时域仿真结果与原始KHA以及最近发表的一些类似测试系统的优化方案进行了比较。此外,通过研究随机负载扰动下测试系统的动态响应,验证了所设计控制器的鲁棒性。仿真结果证实,OKHA在求解质量和计算效率方面优于其他优化技术。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2016 IEEE First International Conference on Control, Measurement and Instrumentation (CMI)
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