The devastation caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 has taught us, once again, the importance of taking measures in advance to prevent foreseeable disasters. In Europe, an EU directive was issued after a major tunnel fire, and member states have enacted and are implementing stricter tunnel safety standards. And the accident at Sasago tunnel in 2012, has reasserted the importance of putting “safety first.” With progress in simulation technology to reproduce tunnel fires accurately, it is now pos-sible to identify potentially high-risk tunnels before fires occur. Our study on the current issues and their countermeasures are reported in this paper.
{"title":"STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL RISKS ANALYSIS APPROACH FOR TUNNEL FIRES IN EXPRESSWAY TUNNELS","authors":"Tetsuya Yamazaki, M. Yokota, N. Kawabata","doi":"10.2208/jscejusr.71.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/jscejusr.71.31","url":null,"abstract":"The devastation caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 has taught us, once again, the importance of taking measures in advance to prevent foreseeable disasters. In Europe, an EU directive was issued after a major tunnel fire, and member states have enacted and are implementing stricter tunnel safety standards. And the accident at Sasago tunnel in 2012, has reasserted the importance of putting “safety first.” With progress in simulation technology to reproduce tunnel fires accurately, it is now pos-sible to identify potentially high-risk tunnels before fires occur. Our study on the current issues and their countermeasures are reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125397572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR STRESS CONCENTRATION NEAR SUPPORTS FOR REPLACEMENT OF STEEL BRIGDE BEARINGS","authors":"Takumi Matsumoto, Takeomi Taniguchi","doi":"10.2208/jscejf.62.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/jscejf.62.609","url":null,"abstract":"阪神・淡路大震災以降，鋼橋の支承をゴム形式に取り替える施工が行われてきているが，支承が鋼形式からゴム形式に変更になった際には，支点近傍の応力集中が懸念される．鋼形式からゴム形式に変更した場合の支点近傍の応力集中をFEM解析により求めた．また，支点付近に取り付けられた小型の補強リブについて，その効果を鋼製支承，ゴム支承の場合で調べた．ゴム支承は鋼製支承と比較して，常時，地震時ともに支点近傍に発生する応力は低く，支承取替えには有効であると言える．小型の補強リブについては，ゴム支承の場合には効果が確認できたが，鋼製支承の場合には必要性を確認することができなかった．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126752861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PROPOSE OF TUNNEL CRACK INDEX (TCI) AS AN EVALUATION METHOD FOR LINING CONCRETE","authors":"Y. Shigeta, Toshiyuki Tobita, K. Kamemura, M. Shinji, I. Yoshitake, K. Nakagawa","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.62.628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.62.628","url":null,"abstract":"一般に無筋アーチ構造として建設されるトンネルの覆工コンクリートの健全度評価には，生じたひび割れの幅・長さ・密度だけでなく，（ひび割れの）方向性や発生部位が重要となる．また，現在の諸基準では，一定のランク分けによる健全度評価法が採用されているが，将来の合理的な維持管理計画を立案する上で，客観的且つ定量的に評価できる指標が望まれるものと思われる．そこで，本研究では岩盤工学等で用いられる“クラックテンソル”を参考に，覆工コンクリートの健全度評価用に改良した新指標(TCI)を考案した．本論文はこのTCIの特性を明らかにするために，いくつかのモデルケースに対して試算するとともに，実トンネルのデータに用いることで，TCIの適用性について検討を試みたものである．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122452230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SAFETY OF INFRASTRUCTURES AND RESPONSIBITIY OF ENGINEERS OBSERVED ON CASES BY THE STATE TORT LIABILITY LAW ARTICLE 2","authors":"Y. Honjo, H. Morooka","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.66.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.66.1","url":null,"abstract":"社会基盤施設に関連した事故に関する判例などが報道されると，工学で考えられている設計問題の枠組みと，法律で規定されている枠組みに差があることを感じることがある．本研究はこのような法律の考え方と，設計の考え方の関係を明確にし，社会基盤施設に求められる安全性や技術者の責任を明らかにすることを目的とする．判例を検討していると，瑕疵に関する考え方も，徐々に安全性が相対的なものであるという認識に変化していると思われる．判例は依然通説である「客観説」をとっているが，その判断にあたり，予見可能性，回避可能性など技術的見識を加え，結果の重大性や構造物の重要性などを多面的に勘案するようになってきていると思われる．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"840 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123014802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A NEW APPROACH TO COUPLING MECHANICAL SENSIBILITY AND THE RESULTS OF A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE DESIGN OF UNDERGROUND SPACE SHAPES","authors":"A. Imaizumi, N. Shimizu, S. Sakurai","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.66.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.66.237","url":null,"abstract":"地下空間は，従来の社会基盤施設や公共施設等の個別用途だけでなく，都市再生や低酸素社会の実現などの今日的な課題解決の枠組みの中で有効活用が考えられている．魅力ある地下空間を創造するためには，力学的な安定性や施工性等の従来の土木工学的な観点はもちろん，人々が地下に対して抱く心理的，感性的な側面を考慮する必要があると考えられる．筆者らは，力学的な観点と感性的な観点を総合し，地下空間形状を評価する方法の研究を進めている．本論文では，地下空間形状に対する力学的評価指標を新しく定義し，解析による力学的良好度を求め，アンケートによる感性的指標と総合して地下空間形状を評価する方法を提案する．そして，様々な地下空間形状に対する評価事例，および，形状デザインの例を示す．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125737297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF BROAD UPPER PC-SLAB FOR OPEN CULVERT AGAINST AIRPLANE LOAD","authors":"M. Nakamichi, O. Kiyomiya, T. Tabata, T. Emura, M. Kimura, Yoshimitsu Morita, Satoru Kawai","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.66.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.66.366","url":null,"abstract":"空港における滑走路，誘導路と道路との交差では，航空機の安全通行の確保からアンダーパスで立体交差させている．現在建設中の関西国際空港 2期空港島は，長期にわたり大きな地盤沈下が継続するため，アンダーパスの建設にあたっては，沈下を考慮するとともに，ドライ施工が可能な構造としてPC蓋掛け構造を採用した． 本研究では，航空機荷重(LA-0)が作用する広幅員のPC蓋掛け版の設計法および施工法を検討し，実際の構造物における重ダンプ載荷実験や大型航空機(A-380)走行時計測により妥当性を検証した．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"45 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A PROPOSED METHOD FOR SELECTION OF AUXILIARY METHODS FOR TUNNEL FACE STABILITY BASED ON OBSERVATIONAL DATA","authors":"M. Shinji, Atsuyuki Enokida, S. Seki, K. Nakagawa","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.62.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.62.513","url":null,"abstract":"土被りの薄い都市部や，脆弱な地山への山岳トンネル工法の適用は，地山状況の変化に即応したさまざま補助工法の開発・採用により成し遂げられてきた．加えて，広範囲の地山条件に対応できる種々の補助工法の積極的な採用によってトンネル切羽の自立性確保が実現可能になり，トンネル施工の安全性も高くなっている．しかし，補助工法の採用が結果的にトンネル施工コスト増大の一因になっているという見方もその一方にあり，適切な補助工法採用の判断根拠の確立が求められている．本ノートでは，一般には支保選定のために実施される切羽観察結果と実際に採用された補助工法との関連性を数量化理論に基づく判別分析により分析し，切羽観察結果から最適な補助工法を判断するシステムを提案する．","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121500971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF DISTANCE OF THE PRIMARY INVERT CLOSURE FROM TUNNEL FACE ON GROUND SURFACE SETTLEMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS","authors":"Yasutaka Morisaki, Y. Mitarashi, Yujing Jiang","doi":"10.2208/JSCEJF.64.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2208/JSCEJF.64.227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":245964,"journal":{"name":"Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu F","volume":"396 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127593998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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