Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683407
M. Reja, K. Moez, I. Filanovsky
A circuit for wide range frequency modulation and control in a quadrature ring oscillator for multiband FM/FSK transmitter is presented. The modulation and control signal are applied to the oscillator transmission gates via the floating current source circuit. The current of this source repeats the input control current that includes two components, one of which tunes the mid-frequency and the other tunes the modulation depth. Each of the control components is set independently. This precise and wide-range frequency control allows one to use it in multiband applications. The proposed circuit is designed in 0.18 mum standard digital CMOS process for intended carrier frequencies of two ISM bands (900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz).
{"title":"Frequency modulation and control in quadrature ring oscillator for multiband FM/FSK transmitters","authors":"M. Reja, K. Moez, I. Filanovsky","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683407","url":null,"abstract":"A circuit for wide range frequency modulation and control in a quadrature ring oscillator for multiband FM/FSK transmitter is presented. The modulation and control signal are applied to the oscillator transmission gates via the floating current source circuit. The current of this source repeats the input control current that includes two components, one of which tunes the mid-frequency and the other tunes the modulation depth. Each of the control components is set independently. This precise and wide-range frequency control allows one to use it in multiband applications. The proposed circuit is designed in 0.18 mum standard digital CMOS process for intended carrier frequencies of two ISM bands (900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz).","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126720524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683393
P. Giard, J. Boland, J. Belzile
This paper presents a novel object based communication strategy to interconnect design tools and system components operating at various abstraction levels to produce a consistent and coherent system. Interconnects are generated from interface models. This platform can be used to prototype, validate, simulate and/or test the complex systems interactions before all the components are built and integrated. Results show a 20% increase in communication overhead compared to MathWorks Link for ModelSim while providing a generic solution over the tightly coupled offering from MathWorks.
{"title":"CORBA communication backplane for design and verification","authors":"P. Giard, J. Boland, J. Belzile","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel object based communication strategy to interconnect design tools and system components operating at various abstraction levels to produce a consistent and coherent system. Interconnects are generated from interface models. This platform can be used to prototype, validate, simulate and/or test the complex systems interactions before all the components are built and integrated. Results show a 20% increase in communication overhead compared to MathWorks Link for ModelSim while providing a generic solution over the tightly coupled offering from MathWorks.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122814958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683409
M. Shinwari, M. Deen
Direct electrical detection of DNA using field-effect transistors (FETs) has proven to facilitate the development of robust biosensors that are CMOS-compatible and highly sensitive. In this paper, we identify several factors that can cause the performance of different BioFET cells in an array to differ, causing unwanted background variations between the cells of a microarray. These variations add up to the already existing noise sources, such as the electrolyte noise, the FET noise, and the reference electrode drift. We also introduce techniques that can potentially speed up the hybridization process, reduce the noise, and enhance the sensitivity.
{"title":"Optimization of DNA detection using FETs","authors":"M. Shinwari, M. Deen","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683409","url":null,"abstract":"Direct electrical detection of DNA using field-effect transistors (FETs) has proven to facilitate the development of robust biosensors that are CMOS-compatible and highly sensitive. In this paper, we identify several factors that can cause the performance of different BioFET cells in an array to differ, causing unwanted background variations between the cells of a microarray. These variations add up to the already existing noise sources, such as the electrolyte noise, the FET noise, and the reference electrode drift. We also introduce techniques that can potentially speed up the hybridization process, reduce the noise, and enhance the sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129084581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683377
Chao Wang, J. Yao
We propose a novel technique to implement microwave arbitrary waveform generation (AWG) in the optical domain based on simultaneous optical spectral shaping and wavelength-to-time mapping in a single linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG). In the proposed approach, the spectrum of an ultrashort optical pulse generated by a mode-locked fiber laser is spectrally shaped and at the same time wavelength-to-time mapped by the LCFBG to generate a microwave pulse with a shape identical to that of the shaped optical spectrum. By designing the LCFBG to have an arbitrary reflection profile, a microwave arbitrary waveform is generated. The key component in the proposed system is the LCFBG. A simple and effective technique to synthesize the LCFBG with an arbitrary reflection response is proposed. An approximate model describing the microwave AWG is derived, which is verified by numerical simulations and a proof-of-concept experiment.
{"title":"Microwave arbitrary waveform generation based on optical spectral shaping and wavelength-to-time mapping using a chirped fiber Bragg grating","authors":"Chao Wang, J. Yao","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683377","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a novel technique to implement microwave arbitrary waveform generation (AWG) in the optical domain based on simultaneous optical spectral shaping and wavelength-to-time mapping in a single linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG). In the proposed approach, the spectrum of an ultrashort optical pulse generated by a mode-locked fiber laser is spectrally shaped and at the same time wavelength-to-time mapped by the LCFBG to generate a microwave pulse with a shape identical to that of the shaped optical spectrum. By designing the LCFBG to have an arbitrary reflection profile, a microwave arbitrary waveform is generated. The key component in the proposed system is the LCFBG. A simple and effective technique to synthesize the LCFBG with an arbitrary reflection response is proposed. An approximate model describing the microwave AWG is derived, which is verified by numerical simulations and a proof-of-concept experiment.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126198857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683412
A. Syed, Luye Mu, M. Shavezipur, P. Nieva
The galvanic effect may notably damage associated micro-electro-mechanical devices fabricated with processes involving electrochemical steps. This effect is commonly observed when a significant amount of gold is used to design MEMS devices that are fabricated using PolyMUMPsreg. To study and overcome the galvanic effect on these devices, three methods are proposed: (1) connecting the device to a poly0 ring; (2) increasing the device surface area and (3) grounding the device to the substrate. The three methods are compared for their effectiveness in preventing galvanic corrosion. It is observed that although all three methods can considerably restrain the galvanic effect, grounding the device to the substrate is the best solution.
{"title":"Eliminating the galvanic effect for microdevices fabricated with PolyMUMPs®","authors":"A. Syed, Luye Mu, M. Shavezipur, P. Nieva","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683412","url":null,"abstract":"The galvanic effect may notably damage associated micro-electro-mechanical devices fabricated with processes involving electrochemical steps. This effect is commonly observed when a significant amount of gold is used to design MEMS devices that are fabricated using PolyMUMPsreg. To study and overcome the galvanic effect on these devices, three methods are proposed: (1) connecting the device to a poly0 ring; (2) increasing the device surface area and (3) grounding the device to the substrate. The three methods are compared for their effectiveness in preventing galvanic corrosion. It is observed that although all three methods can considerably restrain the galvanic effect, grounding the device to the substrate is the best solution.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125479206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683364
Z. El-Khatib, L. MacEachern, S. Mahmoud
The design of a fully-integrated CMOS bidirectional distributed amplifier (DA) based active duplexer with tunable broadband high isolation capability is presented. The S21 differential power gain peaks at 7 dB and then rolls off to a unity gain bandwidth of 11.5 GHz. The simulated tunable isolation performance is better than -26 dB. The simulated tunable isolation S31 show a 10 dB improvement. Simulation results show that the co-design of DA based active duplexer with on-chip loop antenna has 6 dB S21 power gain added improvement from DC up to 5.2 GHz compared to a matched stand alone on-chip loop antenna S21 power performance. The CMOS bidirectional DA based tunable active duplexer was fabricated using the 0.13 mum CMOS technology and has a total silicon chip area of 1.887times0.795 mm2.
{"title":"Fully-integrated CMOS bidirectional distributed amplifier as tunable active duplexer for wireless transceiver applications","authors":"Z. El-Khatib, L. MacEachern, S. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683364","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a fully-integrated CMOS bidirectional distributed amplifier (DA) based active duplexer with tunable broadband high isolation capability is presented. The S21 differential power gain peaks at 7 dB and then rolls off to a unity gain bandwidth of 11.5 GHz. The simulated tunable isolation performance is better than -26 dB. The simulated tunable isolation S31 show a 10 dB improvement. Simulation results show that the co-design of DA based active duplexer with on-chip loop antenna has 6 dB S21 power gain added improvement from DC up to 5.2 GHz compared to a matched stand alone on-chip loop antenna S21 power performance. The CMOS bidirectional DA based tunable active duplexer was fabricated using the 0.13 mum CMOS technology and has a total silicon chip area of 1.887times0.795 mm2.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115644936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683406
R. Radziwilowicz, H. Teimoori, S. A. Paredes, V. Tolstikhin, K. Hinzer, T. Hall
The challenges for the current PON standards as well as their future extensions and impairments are studied in this paper. We present a link design for a CWDM/TDM PON that includes 100 ONUs, each with average bit rates of 100 Mbit/s and 25 Mbit/s for downstream and upstream transmission, respectively.
{"title":"Power budget considerations in CWDM/TDM based Passive Optical Networks","authors":"R. Radziwilowicz, H. Teimoori, S. A. Paredes, V. Tolstikhin, K. Hinzer, T. Hall","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683406","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges for the current PON standards as well as their future extensions and impairments are studied in this paper. We present a link design for a CWDM/TDM PON that includes 100 ONUs, each with average bit rates of 100 Mbit/s and 25 Mbit/s for downstream and upstream transmission, respectively.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"28 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122735839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683386
R. Bespalko, M. O'Farrell, Fei Chen, B. Frank, J. Cartledge
This paper discusses the development of an integrated transceiver for fiber to the home applications. One of the major challenges in building an integrated transceiver is minimizing the crosstalk between the high powered laser driver for the upstream signal, and the sensitive transimpedance amplifier for the downstream signal. The system described in this paper uses a novel modulation scheme called offset sideband modulation (OSBM) for the downstream signal such that the received electrical signal is an RF bandpass signal which does not interfere with the baseband signal that generates the upstream signal. The transceiver architecture is discussed, and simulation results are presented for a number of the system components.
{"title":"An optical transceiver using offset sideband modulation","authors":"R. Bespalko, M. O'Farrell, Fei Chen, B. Frank, J. Cartledge","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683386","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development of an integrated transceiver for fiber to the home applications. One of the major challenges in building an integrated transceiver is minimizing the crosstalk between the high powered laser driver for the upstream signal, and the sensitive transimpedance amplifier for the downstream signal. The system described in this paper uses a novel modulation scheme called offset sideband modulation (OSBM) for the downstream signal such that the received electrical signal is an RF bandpass signal which does not interfere with the baseband signal that generates the upstream signal. The transceiver architecture is discussed, and simulation results are presented for a number of the system components.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127779357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683414
Lidai Wang, J. Mills, W. Cleghorn
We present the development of an electron tunneling force sensor for use in microassembly and micromanipulation tasks. The force sensor consists of flexible structural members, to which two electrodes are attached, which deflect under the application of grasping forces, and a thermal actuator. A feedback controller is developed to maintain a constant tunneling current across the two electrodes, thereby maintaining constant displacement of the electrodes. Measurement of the voltage applied to the thermal actuator to maintain a constant electrode displacement allows the grasping force to be determined. The design and modeling of the force sensor are addressed. The fabrication of sharp tunnel tips using commercially available MEMS process is investigated. A sharp tunnel tip with width less than 100 nm is achieved using the PolyMUMPs process. The electron tunneling force sensor has extremely high sensitivity, which make it very suitable for micromanipulation tasks.
{"title":"Development of an electron tunneling force sensor for the use in microassembly","authors":"Lidai Wang, J. Mills, W. Cleghorn","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683414","url":null,"abstract":"We present the development of an electron tunneling force sensor for use in microassembly and micromanipulation tasks. The force sensor consists of flexible structural members, to which two electrodes are attached, which deflect under the application of grasping forces, and a thermal actuator. A feedback controller is developed to maintain a constant tunneling current across the two electrodes, thereby maintaining constant displacement of the electrodes. Measurement of the voltage applied to the thermal actuator to maintain a constant electrode displacement allows the grasping force to be determined. The design and modeling of the force sensor are addressed. The fabrication of sharp tunnel tips using commercially available MEMS process is investigated. A sharp tunnel tip with width less than 100 nm is achieved using the PolyMUMPs process. The electron tunneling force sensor has extremely high sensitivity, which make it very suitable for micromanipulation tasks.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122581382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-21DOI: 10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683411
M. Soliman, E. El-Saadany, E. Abdel-Rahman, R. Mansour
In this paper, we propose a solution for the narrow band operation which is one of the main issues in the operation of vibration-based energy harvesters, i.e. micro power generators (MPGpsilas). The solution is based on utilizing piecewise-linear oscillators along with decreasing the effective damping ratio of the resonator. The system is modeled and a macro electromagnetic vibration-based energy harvester was examined to verify analytical results. The feasibility of applying such technique on a MEMS-based electromagnetic MPG is discussed.
{"title":"Design and modeling of a wideband MEMS-based energy harvester with experimental verification","authors":"M. Soliman, E. El-Saadany, E. Abdel-Rahman, R. Mansour","doi":"10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MNRC.2008.4683411","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a solution for the narrow band operation which is one of the main issues in the operation of vibration-based energy harvesters, i.e. micro power generators (MPGpsilas). The solution is based on utilizing piecewise-linear oscillators along with decreasing the effective damping ratio of the resonator. The system is modeled and a macro electromagnetic vibration-based energy harvester was examined to verify analytical results. The feasibility of applying such technique on a MEMS-based electromagnetic MPG is discussed.","PeriodicalId":247684,"journal":{"name":"2008 1st Microsystems and Nanoelectronics Research Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126661522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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