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2011 6th International ICST Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CROWNCOM)最新文献

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Signal separation and reconstruction method for simultaneously received multi-system signals in a unified wireless system 统一无线系统中同时接收多系统信号的信号分离与重构方法
Takayuki Yamada, Doohwan Lee, H. Shiba, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Uehara
These days, a wide variety of wireless systems are used and new wireless systems appear one after another on the market. In this regard, we proposed a unified wireless system that we call “flexible wireless system”. Comprising flexible access points and a flexible signal processing unit, it collectively receives a wideband spectrum that includes multiple signals from various wireless systems. In cases of simultaneous multiple signal reception, however, reception performance degrades due to the interference among multiple signals. To address this problem, we propose a new signal separation and reconstruction method for spectrally overlapped signals. The method analyzes spectral information obtained by the short time Fourier transform to extract amplitude and phase values at each center frequency of overlapped signals. Using these values enables signals from received radio wave data to be separated and reconstructed for simultaneous multi-system reception. Computer simulation results obtained in evaluating the method's performance confirmed its effectiveness.
如今,各种各样的无线系统被广泛使用,新的无线系统在市场上层出不穷。对此,我们提出了一种统一的无线系统,我们称之为“柔性无线系统”。包括灵活接入点和灵活信号处理单元,它共同接收包括来自各种无线系统的多个信号的宽带频谱。然而,在同时接收多个信号的情况下,由于多个信号之间的干扰,接收性能会下降。为了解决这一问题,我们提出了一种新的频谱重叠信号分离与重构方法。该方法对短时傅里叶变换得到的频谱信息进行分析,提取重叠信号各中心频率处的幅值和相位值。使用这些值可以将接收到的无线电波数据信号分离并重建,以便同时进行多系统接收。计算机仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 7
Transmitting-collision tradeoff in cognitive radio networks: A flexible transmitting approach 认知无线电网络中发射与碰撞的权衡:一种灵活的发射方法
Hong Du, Zaixue Wei, Lu Ye, Yu Wang, Dacheng Yang
In cognitive radio networks, in order to avoid collision to primary user (PU), cognitive radio (CR) user ought to sense the spectrum periodically to certify that PU is absent. However, the collision to PU also occurs due to imperfect sensing or PU's returning when CR user is transmitting. In this paper, we study a transmitting-collision tradeoff problem in cognitive radio networks. In particular, we investigate a flexible data transmitting scheme so as to minimize the collision to PU under the probability of detection constrains. In addition, by jointly considering both CR user's traffic and PU's state, the probability of collision is derived in detail. Finally, numerical results indicate that the proposed approach can give a superior performance than the fixed frame duration mechanism. The probability of collision for the proposed scheme is lower than conventional mechanism obviously. The conclusion is that the larger traffic parameter of CR user leads to higher collision to PU. By increasing the probability of detection can reduce the collision to PU.
在认知无线电网络中,为了避免与主用户(PU)发生碰撞,认知无线电(CR)用户需要定期感知频谱,以证明主用户(PU)不存在。但是,CR用户在传输过程中,由于感知不完善或PU返回,也会发生与PU的碰撞。本文研究了认知无线网络中的发射-碰撞权衡问题。特别地,我们研究了一种灵活的数据传输方案,以便在检测约束的概率下最小化与PU的碰撞。此外,通过联合考虑CR用户的流量和PU的状态,详细推导了碰撞概率。最后,数值结果表明,该方法比固定帧时长机制具有更好的性能。该方案的碰撞概率明显低于常规机制。结果表明,CR用户的流量参数越大,对PU的碰撞越大。通过增加检测概率可以减少对PU的碰撞。
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引用次数: 6
Exploiting spatial dimension in cognitive radios and networks 利用认知无线电和网络的空间维度
H. Sarvanko, M. Höyhtyä, M. Matinmikko, A. Mämmelä
This paper studies the maximum number of users that can be allocated in the same frequency band in case of using beamforming in a transmitter and a receiver by simulations. With the use of smart antennas the spectrum can be used efficiently, and at the same time the quality of service (QoS) of secondary users is increased in comparison with omnidirectional antennas. The results indicate that more users can transmit in the same area while fulfilling QoS constraints. The obtained results regarding spectrum sensing state that beamforming gives a great improvement in comparison with detection with omnidirectional antennas. Beamforming leads to power savings because the transmission power is sent to the wanted direction. In addition, directional antennas decrease the time needed for sensing and therefore more time for secondary transmission is left than with omnidirectional antennas.
本文通过仿真研究了在发射机和接收机中使用波束成形时,在同一频段内可分配的最大用户数。与全向天线相比,智能天线可以有效地利用频谱,同时提高二次用户的服务质量(QoS)。结果表明,在满足QoS约束的情况下,可以在同一区域内实现更多用户的传输。所得结果与全向天线检测相比,波束形成对频谱感知状态有很大改善。波束成形可以节省功率,因为传输功率被发送到所需的方向。此外,定向天线减少了感知所需的时间,因此比全向天线留下了更多的二次传输时间。
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引用次数: 9
Multitaper spectrum sensing of OFDMA signals in frequency selective fading environment 频率选择性衰落环境下OFDMA信号的多锥度频谱感知
Yan Xin, Kyungtae Kim, S. Rangarajan
This paper considers the problem of how to quickly and accurately identify spectrum holes from downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) signals in frequency selective fading environment. We assume that the subcarrier assignment of primary users (PUs) in an OFDMA system is a priori known to the detector. Under this assumption, we formulate the original problem as the problem of detecting presence/absence of PUs, which requires less computational complexity than its original counterpart. We propose a spectrum sensing algorithm to detect presence/absence of a PU. In the proposed algorithm, we first apply the Thomson's multitaper spectrum estimation (MTSE) method to obtain spectral estimates at certain subcarriers of interest, and then we perform a simple threshold test. We present closed form results for false-alarm and miss-detection probabilities of the proposed algorithm. We study impacts of system/MTSE parameters on the detection performance via Monte Carlo simulation.
本文研究了在频率选择性衰落环境下如何快速准确地识别下行正交频分多址(OFDMA)信号中的频谱空洞问题。我们假设OFDMA系统中主用户(pu)的子载波分配是检测器先验已知的。在此假设下,我们将原始问题表述为检测pu的存在/不存在问题,这比原始问题需要更少的计算复杂度。我们提出了一种频谱感知算法来检测PU的存在/不存在。在该算法中,我们首先应用汤姆逊多锥度频谱估计(MTSE)方法获得感兴趣的子载波上的频谱估计,然后进行简单的阈值检验。我们给出了该算法的虚警和漏检概率的封闭形式结果。通过蒙特卡罗仿真研究了系统/MTSE参数对检测性能的影响。
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引用次数: 6
Game theoretical modelling for dynamic spectrum access in TV whitespace 电视空白中动态频谱接入的博弈理论建模
L. Cremene, D. Dumitrescu, Réka Nagy, M. Cremene
In order to assess TV whitespace access scenarios, three oligopoly game models are considered and reformulated in terms of radio access: Cournot, Stackelberg, and Bertrand. Besides revisiting the relevance of Nash and Pareto equilibria, a new equilibrium concept — the joint Nash-Pareto equilibrium is considered. An evolutionary game equilibria detection method is used. The analysis of the simulation results brings relevant insights on the issue of autonomy vs. regulation in emerging cognitive radio environments.
为了评估电视空白访问场景,考虑了三种寡头垄断博弈模型,并根据无线电访问重新制定:Cournot, Stackelberg和Bertrand。在回顾纳什均衡和帕累托均衡的相关性的基础上,提出了一个新的均衡概念——联合纳什-帕累托均衡。采用了一种进化博弈均衡检测方法。对模拟结果的分析为新兴认知无线电环境中的自治与监管问题提供了相关见解。
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引用次数: 5
Spectrum allocation strategies for heterogeneous networks 异构网络的频谱分配策略
Rindranirina Ramamonjison, G. Tran, K. Sakaguchi, K. Araki, S. Kaneko, Y. Kishi, Noriaki Miyazaki
This work analyzed the trade-off between the area spectral efficiency and outage user rates in heterogeneous cellular networks with overlapping picocells. We considered two different models for the spectrum allocation and cell association. The first model employs a spectrum overlapping strategy with an SINR-based cell association. The second model avoids the interference between macrocell and picocell through a spectrum splitting strategy. Furthermore, picocell range expansion was also considered for the later to enable a load balancing between the macrocell and picocells. Our results showed that while the spectrum overlapping provides the highest spectral efficiency, its outage rate performance is very poor. In contrast, the spectrum splitting offered a trade-off by guaranteeing a minimum QoS for the weak user rates and by flexibly varying the spectrum splitting ratio and picocell range.
本文分析了具有重叠皮cell的异构蜂窝网络中区域频谱效率和中断用户率之间的权衡关系。我们考虑了两种不同的频谱分配和小区关联模型。第一种模型采用基于sinr的细胞关联的频谱重叠策略。第二个模型通过频谱分裂策略避免了宏细胞和皮细胞之间的干扰。此外,还考虑了皮cell范围扩展,以实现宏cell和皮cell之间的负载平衡。研究结果表明,虽然频谱重叠提供了最高的频谱效率,但其中断率性能很差。相比之下,频谱分割提供了一种权衡,保证了弱用户速率下的最低QoS,并灵活地改变了频谱分割比和皮cell范围。
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引用次数: 7
ΣΔ ADC with fractional sample rate conversion for software defined radio receiver ΣΔ具有分数采样率转换的ADC,用于软件定义的无线电接收机
Akira Tanaka, M. Inamori, Y. Sanada
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in a software defined radio (SDR) receiver must be able to support the specifications of various wireless standards. It should also work with the low power supply voltage of CMOS circuits. A ΣΔ ADC is one of the solutions for the SDR receiver. However, the power consumption of the circuits, such as a lowpass filter (LPF) and a decimator after the ΣΔ modulator is large due to the high sampling speed. On the other hand, since a different wireless communication standard has a different master clock rate, it is necessary to provide the clock rate suitable for each standard. As a solution for the problem, direct insertion/deletion based sample rate conversion (SRC) has been proposed. Nevertheless, in order to apply this method to the ΣΔ ADC, the problem of the high clock speed in the circuits of the LPF after ΣΔ modulator remains. In this paper, a novel ΣΔ ADC with fractional SRC is proposed. In the proposed scheme, SRC and filtering are combined. By filtering and decimating the output of the ΣΔ modulator in parallel with Q transversal filters the clock speed of the circuits of the SRC and the LPF can be reduced P times for Q/P SRC.
软件无线电(SDR)接收机中的模数转换器(ADC)必须能够支持各种无线标准的规范。它还可以在CMOS电路的低电源电压下工作。ΣΔ ADC是SDR接收机的解决方案之一。然而,由于采样速度快,低通滤波器(LPF)和ΣΔ调制器后的抽取器等电路的功耗很大。另一方面,由于不同的无线通信标准具有不同的主时钟速率,因此有必要提供适合每种标准的时钟速率。为了解决这一问题,提出了基于直接插入/删除的采样率转换(SRC)。然而,为了将这种方法应用于ΣΔ ADC, ΣΔ调制器后LPF电路中的高时钟速度问题仍然存在。本文提出了一种具有分数阶SRC的新型ΣΔ ADC。在该方案中,SRC和滤波相结合。通过对ΣΔ调制器的输出与Q横向滤波器并行滤波和抽取,可以使SRC和LPF电路的时钟速度降低P倍。
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引用次数: 1
Optimized strategies for coordinated spectrum sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks 认知无线电网络中协调频谱感知的优化策略
Zaili Wang, Z. Feng, Di Zhang, Jiantao Xue, Ping Zhang
In Cognitive Radio Networks, coordinated spectrum sensing is a novel technique that the cognitive terminals are assigned to sense different channels in the same sensing slots in order to obtain the occupancy status of all the channels in every sensing period. In this paper the coordinated spectrum sensing strategies are discussed, the functional architecture is put forward, a Kuhn-Munkres based, alongside with a greedy based algorithm for coordinated sensing strategies arrangement is proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithms can significantly improve the overall sensing performance compared with a basic greedy based algorithm.
在认知无线网络中,协调频谱感知是一种新的感知技术,它通过分配认知终端在同一感知时隙中感知不同的信道,从而获得每个感知时段内所有信道的占用情况。本文讨论了协调频谱感知策略,提出了协调频谱感知策略的功能体系结构,并提出了一种基于Kuhn-Munkres和贪心的协调频谱感知策略排列算法。仿真结果表明,与基于贪婪的基本算法相比,该算法能显著提高整体感知性能。
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引用次数: 6
Eigenvalue ratio detection based on exact moments of smallest and largest eigenvalues 基于最小和最大特征值的精确矩的特征值比检测
M. Z. Shakir, Wuchen Tang, A. Rao, M. Imran, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Detection based on eigenvalues of received signal covariance matrix is currently one of the most effective solution for spectrum sensing problem in cognitive radios. However, the results of these schemes always depend on asymptotic assumptions since the close-formed expression of exact eigenvalues ratio distribution is exceptionally complex to compute in practice. In this paper, non-asymptotic spectrum sensing approach to approximate the extreme eigenvalues is introduced. In this context, the Gaussian approximation approach based on exact analytical moments of extreme eigenvalues is presented. In this approach, the extreme eigenvalues are considered as dependent Gaussian random variables such that the joint probability density function (PDF) is approximated by bivariate Gaussian distribution function for any number of cooperating secondary users and received samples. In this context, the definition of Copula is cited to analyze the extent of the dependency between the extreme eigenvalues. Later, the decision threshold based on the ratio of dependent Gaussian extreme eigenvalues is derived. The performance analysis of our newly proposed approach is compared with the already published asymptotic Tracy-Widom approximation approach.
基于接收信号协方差矩阵特征值的检测是目前认知无线电中频谱感知问题最有效的解决方案之一。然而,由于精确特征值比分布的封闭表达式在实际计算中异常复杂,这些格式的结果总是依赖于渐近假设。本文介绍了一种近似极值特征值的非渐近谱感知方法。在这种情况下,提出了基于极端特征值的精确解析矩的高斯近似方法。该方法将极端特征值视为相关的高斯随机变量,使得任意数量的辅助用户和接收样本的联合概率密度函数(PDF)近似为二元高斯分布函数。在这种情况下,引用Copula的定义来分析极端特征值之间的依赖程度。在此基础上,推导了基于相关高斯极值特征值比值的决策阈值。将我们新提出的方法的性能分析与已经发表的渐近Tracy-Widom近似方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 6
Binary power control in dynamic spectrum access 动态频谱接入中的二进制功率控制
B. Ellingsaeter, T. Maseng
In future wireless networks there is a need for distributed power allocation algorithms which are simple, but at the same time yields sufficient spectral efficiency. In this paper we investigate binary power control schemes in a wireless multiuser, multiband interference system, where each user is restricted to use only one frequency band. We explore different binary power control schemes, and show how knowledge of the other users can be used to construct a utility function which embodies the well being of others. Simulation results show that binary power control yields significant increase in sum rate compared to water filling with number of users ≥ 2, and in some scenarios yield sum-rates above those achieved with much more complex algorithms.
在未来的无线网络中,需要一种简单的分布式功率分配算法,但同时又能产生足够的频谱效率。本文研究了无线多用户多频带干扰系统中每个用户只能使用一个频带的二进制功率控制方案。我们探索了不同的二元功率控制方案,并展示了如何使用其他用户的知识来构建体现他人福祉的效用函数。仿真结果表明,与用户数≥2的充水相比,二元功率控制的和速率显著提高,在某些情况下,和速率高于使用更复杂算法所能达到的和速率。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2011 6th International ICST Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CROWNCOM)
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