Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.271736.1456
Mohamed Abdellatif, Wafaa Abd Elmageed, Mohammed Abu Elhamd, Essam Nada, Tet Yap
: Azoospermia can stem from either an obstructive issue or a non-obstructive problem originating in the testes. Distinguishing between these two root causes relies on clinical evaluation of testis size and consistency, hormone testing of FSH levels, and genetic analysis looking at chromosomes, Y chromosome microdeletions, and genes involved in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. NOA encompasses both primary testicular failure where sperm production is impaired, as well as secondary failure driven by hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction leading to inadequate gonadotropin levels. The treatment approach for NOA is still largely empirical, lacking definitive evidence-based guidelines. However, for cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism specifically, gonadotropin replacement with hCG and recombinant FSH is the primary established treatment aimed at improving semen quality and increasing chances of conception. GnRH therapy can be added for men who don't respond adequately to gonadotropins alone. While high-level clinical data is scarce, there are some indications that combining aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropin therapy may enhance outcomes for men requiring surgical sperm retrieval procedures. Overall, this review summarizes the current understanding of the causes, treatments, and clinical management of non-obstructive azoospermia.
{"title":"An update on non-obstructive azoospermia; a narrative review","authors":"Mohamed Abdellatif, Wafaa Abd Elmageed, Mohammed Abu Elhamd, Essam Nada, Tet Yap","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.271736.1456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.271736.1456","url":null,"abstract":": Azoospermia can stem from either an obstructive issue or a non-obstructive problem originating in the testes. Distinguishing between these two root causes relies on clinical evaluation of testis size and consistency, hormone testing of FSH levels, and genetic analysis looking at chromosomes, Y chromosome microdeletions, and genes involved in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. NOA encompasses both primary testicular failure where sperm production is impaired, as well as secondary failure driven by hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction leading to inadequate gonadotropin levels. The treatment approach for NOA is still largely empirical, lacking definitive evidence-based guidelines. However, for cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism specifically, gonadotropin replacement with hCG and recombinant FSH is the primary established treatment aimed at improving semen quality and increasing chances of conception. GnRH therapy can be added for men who don't respond adequately to gonadotropins alone. While high-level clinical data is scarce, there are some indications that combining aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropin therapy may enhance outcomes for men requiring surgical sperm retrieval procedures. Overall, this review summarizes the current understanding of the causes, treatments, and clinical management of non-obstructive azoospermia.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141042660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.263986.1446
Ali Kassem, S. Shazly, Mahmoud Labib, Mohammed Amin
Background: Acute coronary syndrome is a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Homocysteine serves as a noteworthy biomarker for assessing the overall state of an individual's health. Aim: The purpose of the study was to compare the level of homocysteine in young and elderly acute coronary syndrome patients, and investigate the correlation between homocysteine levels and other risk factors of acute coronary syndrome. Methods: The current study was cross-sectional. It was conducted at Internal Medicine Department and Coronary Care Unit of Sohag University Hospitals during the period from January 2022 to May 2023. The study involved one hundred patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome. They were classified into two groups according to age. Group (A) comprised 50 patients aged between 18-40 years, and group (B) involved 50 patients aged 40 years and more. A complete history, clinical assessment, laboratory testing (cardiac enzymes, lipid profile and homocysteine level), ECG, and echocardiogram were carried out on every patient. Results: Most cases in group A and B had high homocysteine levels. There was no significant statistical difference between both groups. The homocysteine level in group A showed a positive correlation with triglycerides and a negative correlation with HDL. There was a negative correlation in group B between systolic, diastolic blood pressure and homocysteine levels. Conclusion: Homocysteine level was elevated in most cases of acute coronary syndrome; so it is crucial to investigate its level as a significant risk factor of acute coronary syndrome.
{"title":"Serum Homocysteine level in the setting of acute coronary syndrome in young adult patients","authors":"Ali Kassem, S. Shazly, Mahmoud Labib, Mohammed Amin","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.263986.1446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.263986.1446","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute coronary syndrome is a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Homocysteine serves as a noteworthy biomarker for assessing the overall state of an individual's health. Aim: The purpose of the study was to compare the level of homocysteine in young and elderly acute coronary syndrome patients, and investigate the correlation between homocysteine levels and other risk factors of acute coronary syndrome. Methods: The current study was cross-sectional. It was conducted at Internal Medicine Department and Coronary Care Unit of Sohag University Hospitals during the period from January 2022 to May 2023. The study involved one hundred patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome. They were classified into two groups according to age. Group (A) comprised 50 patients aged between 18-40 years, and group (B) involved 50 patients aged 40 years and more. A complete history, clinical assessment, laboratory testing (cardiac enzymes, lipid profile and homocysteine level), ECG, and echocardiogram were carried out on every patient. Results: Most cases in group A and B had high homocysteine levels. There was no significant statistical difference between both groups. The homocysteine level in group A showed a positive correlation with triglycerides and a negative correlation with HDL. There was a negative correlation in group B between systolic, diastolic blood pressure and homocysteine levels. Conclusion: Homocysteine level was elevated in most cases of acute coronary syndrome; so it is crucial to investigate its level as a significant risk factor of acute coronary syndrome.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.229918.1421
Haisam Ahmed, Osama Mahmoud Ahmed
{"title":"Local treatments for alopecia areata: an update","authors":"Haisam Ahmed, Osama Mahmoud Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.229918.1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.229918.1421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141042489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.262398.1444
Alaa Mohamed, L. Yousef, Ashraf Khodeary, Ahmed Noureldein Salem
Background: Calprotectin is an acute-phase inflammatory protein secreted by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL). It is frequently employed in clinical practice for the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases. The objective of this work was to assess the usage of calprotectin that found in ascitic fluid as a diagnostic indicator for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Methods: This cross-sectional laboratory-based work was conducted on 50 individuals, diagnosed with cirrhotic-induced ascites with no laboratory or clinical findings of SBP for group 1 and diagnosed with cirrhotic-induced ascites with SBP for group 2. SBP was identified depending on a positive bacterial ascitic fluid culture, an elevated count of PMNLs in the ascites (>250 cells/mm3), and the lack of any infection originating from inside the abdomen. Results: Protein, serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG), WBCs, PMNL, calprotectin, color of ascitic fluid, number of individuals with yellow, whitish color ascitic fluid, culture, number of patients with klebsiella, pseudomonas, E-coli, streptococcus, total leukocytic count (TLC), Alanine transaminase (ALT), International normalized ratio (INR), and C-reactive protein (CRP)had been substantially elevated in the SBP group contrasted to the group without SBP (P < 0.001). Platelets had been substantially reduced in the SBP group contrasted to non-SBP group (P-value = 0.013). The cut off point value of calprotectin 5.045 showed 89% sensitivity and 86% specificity (P-value <0.001). In multilinear regression, PMNL, and calprotectin were significant predictors of SBP (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The levels of ascitic calprotectin were markedly raised in the group with SBP contrasted to the group without SBP. Furthermore, there was a strong association between ascitic calprotectin levels and the established diagnostic criterion for SBP, which is the presence of PMNLs of 250 cells/mm3 or higher. Consequently, it may serve as a dependable and satisfactory diagnostic indicator for accurately identifying SBP. Furthermore, there is a direct correlation between the amount of ascitic calprotectin and the severity of liver damage.
{"title":"Ascitic Fluid Calprotectin as an Accurate Diagnostic Marker for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis","authors":"Alaa Mohamed, L. Yousef, Ashraf Khodeary, Ahmed Noureldein Salem","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.262398.1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.262398.1444","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Calprotectin is an acute-phase inflammatory protein secreted by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL). It is frequently employed in clinical practice for the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases. The objective of this work was to assess the usage of calprotectin that found in ascitic fluid as a diagnostic indicator for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Methods: This cross-sectional laboratory-based work was conducted on 50 individuals, diagnosed with cirrhotic-induced ascites with no laboratory or clinical findings of SBP for group 1 and diagnosed with cirrhotic-induced ascites with SBP for group 2. SBP was identified depending on a positive bacterial ascitic fluid culture, an elevated count of PMNLs in the ascites (>250 cells/mm3), and the lack of any infection originating from inside the abdomen. Results: Protein, serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG), WBCs, PMNL, calprotectin, color of ascitic fluid, number of individuals with yellow, whitish color ascitic fluid, culture, number of patients with klebsiella, pseudomonas, E-coli, streptococcus, total leukocytic count (TLC), Alanine transaminase (ALT), International normalized ratio (INR), and C-reactive protein (CRP)had been substantially elevated in the SBP group contrasted to the group without SBP (P < 0.001). Platelets had been substantially reduced in the SBP group contrasted to non-SBP group (P-value = 0.013). The cut off point value of calprotectin 5.045 showed 89% sensitivity and 86% specificity (P-value <0.001). In multilinear regression, PMNL, and calprotectin were significant predictors of SBP (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The levels of ascitic calprotectin were markedly raised in the group with SBP contrasted to the group without SBP. Furthermore, there was a strong association between ascitic calprotectin levels and the established diagnostic criterion for SBP, which is the presence of PMNLs of 250 cells/mm3 or higher. Consequently, it may serve as a dependable and satisfactory diagnostic indicator for accurately identifying SBP. Furthermore, there is a direct correlation between the amount of ascitic calprotectin and the severity of liver damage.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"51 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.250390.1429
Mayyada Mohamed, Ahmed Hamed, rasha Abu El-Goud, S. Abokresha
Background and objectives: Diabetic foot problems are one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes that has a tremendous economic and social impact on individuals, families and on health system as a whole in developing and developed countries. Diabetic foot problems can be prevented through well-coordinated foot care services. Patient education is an important and essential element of any health program for diabetic foot prevention and control patients at Sohag University Hospital. Methods: The study included 200 diabetic patients aged 30-70 years old, attending the endocrine outpatient clinic at Sohag University Hospital. Results: a total of 200 people participated in present study among which data of 200 participants (Male: n = 108, 54%; females: n = 92, 46%) with mean age ±SD 54. ±15 years. ranged from 30 to 70. They were mainly from rural 127 (63.5. %) and to less extent from urban 73 (36.5%), Marital status result showed there were 134(67%) married and 36 (18%) single ones. Education level result showed that majority of respondents were of middle and primary education while 40(20.0%) were high educated and 45(22.5%) were primary and 63(31.5%) were illiterate. The occupation result showed that majority 88(44 %) were having no job followed by 49(24.5%) were having private job, only16 (8%) patients were having Government job, and 47(23.5%) were self-employers. The monthly income result showed that majority of respondents had monthly income less than 5,000 pound that’s not sufficient. Also we found that the most prominent barrier is the cost that represents 51.5% of the participants’ barrier, also two thirds of participants had poor practice levels and that more than half of participants had poor knowledge levels. Upon analyzing sociodemographic data in relation to diabetic foot care knowledge and practice our results show that males had statistically significant lower mean knowledge score than females. Also the educational level had statistically significant importance in both knowledge and practice score Multivariate regression analysis showed significant associations between scores of practice score with demographic characteristics of participants as with ( Level of education) (p= 005-.001). and with (Marital status) (p = .013-.004). and multivariate regression analysis showed significant associations between scores of knowledge score with demographic characteristics of participants as with gender (female) (p = <0.0001-<0.0001), and income (p= <0.0001-<0.0001). residence (p = <0.0001-o33). Spearman correlation shows that there was no correlation between the scores of knowledge and practice and age. Conclusion: This study has brought attention to the knowledge and practice gaps in DM patients' foot care
{"title":"Knowledge, Practice and Barriers of Foot Self-Care among Diabetic Patients","authors":"Mayyada Mohamed, Ahmed Hamed, rasha Abu El-Goud, S. Abokresha","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.250390.1429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.250390.1429","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Diabetic foot problems are one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes that has a tremendous economic and social impact on individuals, families and on health system as a whole in developing and developed countries. Diabetic foot problems can be prevented through well-coordinated foot care services. Patient education is an important and essential element of any health program for diabetic foot prevention and control patients at Sohag University Hospital. Methods: The study included 200 diabetic patients aged 30-70 years old, attending the endocrine outpatient clinic at Sohag University Hospital. Results: a total of 200 people participated in present study among which data of 200 participants (Male: n = 108, 54%; females: n = 92, 46%) with mean age ±SD 54. ±15 years. ranged from 30 to 70. They were mainly from rural 127 (63.5. %) and to less extent from urban 73 (36.5%), Marital status result showed there were 134(67%) married and 36 (18%) single ones. Education level result showed that majority of respondents were of middle and primary education while 40(20.0%) were high educated and 45(22.5%) were primary and 63(31.5%) were illiterate. The occupation result showed that majority 88(44 %) were having no job followed by 49(24.5%) were having private job, only16 (8%) patients were having Government job, and 47(23.5%) were self-employers. The monthly income result showed that majority of respondents had monthly income less than 5,000 pound that’s not sufficient. Also we found that the most prominent barrier is the cost that represents 51.5% of the participants’ barrier, also two thirds of participants had poor practice levels and that more than half of participants had poor knowledge levels. Upon analyzing sociodemographic data in relation to diabetic foot care knowledge and practice our results show that males had statistically significant lower mean knowledge score than females. Also the educational level had statistically significant importance in both knowledge and practice score Multivariate regression analysis showed significant associations between scores of practice score with demographic characteristics of participants as with ( Level of education) (p= 005-.001). and with (Marital status) (p = .013-.004). and multivariate regression analysis showed significant associations between scores of knowledge score with demographic characteristics of participants as with gender (female) (p = <0.0001-<0.0001), and income (p= <0.0001-<0.0001). residence (p = <0.0001-o33). Spearman correlation shows that there was no correlation between the scores of knowledge and practice and age. Conclusion: This study has brought attention to the knowledge and practice gaps in DM patients' foot care","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"224 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141050272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.261104.1441
Rania Abdelatif, Naglaa F. Boraey, Ghada Borham
: Background: Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney is characterized by formation of multiple, non-communicating cysts with non-functioning renal parenchyma, and ureteral hypoplasia. It is a common kidney and urinary tract anomaly that can be detected via antenatal ultrasound examination. However, studies on this disease in Egypt are scarce. Objective of the study: was to study the characteristics and outcome of the children with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively collected clinico-demographic, radiological and laboratory data of children with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney at pediatric nephrology clinic of Sohag University Hospital from January 2015 till February 2023. Results: A total of 35 patients [18(51.4%) boys 17(48.6%) girls] were followed for a median duration of 14.7 months with Interquartile range (3-31) months. Multicystic dysplastic kidney was located on the right and left sides in 23(65.7%) and 12 (34.3%) children, respectively. Most cases (74%) were detected via an antenatal ultrasound examination. About 43% of patients had at least one episode of urinary tract infection. Associated urogenital abnormalities were detected in 4 (11.4%) patients; one (2.9%) of them had vesicoureteral reflux with hydronephrosis in the contralateral side. One (2.9%) patient had persistent proteinuria and impaired kidney function. Overall 22 (62.9%) patients underwent partial or complete kidney involution. Conclusion: Most patients with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney are detected prenatally. The prognosis is generally good if the contralateral kidney is normal. Long-term follow up is essential to trace the development of proteinuria, hypertension or renal impairment.
{"title":"Characteristics and outcome of children with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney disease in Upper Egypt","authors":"Rania Abdelatif, Naglaa F. Boraey, Ghada Borham","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.261104.1441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.261104.1441","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney is characterized by formation of multiple, non-communicating cysts with non-functioning renal parenchyma, and ureteral hypoplasia. It is a common kidney and urinary tract anomaly that can be detected via antenatal ultrasound examination. However, studies on this disease in Egypt are scarce. Objective of the study: was to study the characteristics and outcome of the children with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively collected clinico-demographic, radiological and laboratory data of children with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney at pediatric nephrology clinic of Sohag University Hospital from January 2015 till February 2023. Results: A total of 35 patients [18(51.4%) boys 17(48.6%) girls] were followed for a median duration of 14.7 months with Interquartile range (3-31) months. Multicystic dysplastic kidney was located on the right and left sides in 23(65.7%) and 12 (34.3%) children, respectively. Most cases (74%) were detected via an antenatal ultrasound examination. About 43% of patients had at least one episode of urinary tract infection. Associated urogenital abnormalities were detected in 4 (11.4%) patients; one (2.9%) of them had vesicoureteral reflux with hydronephrosis in the contralateral side. One (2.9%) patient had persistent proteinuria and impaired kidney function. Overall 22 (62.9%) patients underwent partial or complete kidney involution. Conclusion: Most patients with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney are detected prenatally. The prognosis is generally good if the contralateral kidney is normal. Long-term follow up is essential to trace the development of proteinuria, hypertension or renal impairment.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141024305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.256388.1437
Hanaa Mohammed, Ahmed galal, Mohammed Mahmoud, yasmeen hosny
: Background: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AC) is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, most frequently linked to drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Vitamin C is a necessary, water-soluble micronutrient serves as an antioxidant and cofactor for several enzymes, Aim of the work: Our research aimed to study the potential Ameliorative role of vitamin C against the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid induced hepatotoxic effects on the liver of the adult male albino rats. Materials and methods: 03 adult albino rats were used. The animals were equally divided into three groups, each of them consisting of 10 rats. Group I: "control" Animals were not subjected to any treatment. Group II : were given Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid. Group III : were given Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid and Vitamin C treated it. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and livers were collected for biochemical and histological study. Results : Administration (AC) had apparent hepatotoxic effects in the form of elevations in blood liver enzymes, disruption of the antioxidant capacity of liver tissue. Co-administration of Vitamin C could reduce all the biochemical and histological effects of AC. Conclusion: Vitamin C has protective and therapeutic effects on AC-induced liver damage in rats.
:背景：阿莫西林/克拉维酸（AC）用于治疗多种细菌感染，最常见的是与药物引起的肝毒性有关。维生素 C 是一种必需的水溶性微量营养素，是一种抗氧化剂，也是多种酶的辅助因子：我们的研究旨在研究维生素 C 对阿莫西林-克拉维酸诱导的成年雄性白化大鼠肝脏毒性作用的潜在改善作用。材料和方法：使用 03 只成年白化大鼠。将动物平均分为三组，每组 10 只。第一组："对照组 "动物未接受任何治疗。第二组：给予阿莫西林-克拉维酸。第三组：给予阿莫西林-克拉维酸和维生素 C 治疗。实验结束后，采集血液样本和肝脏样本进行生化和组织学研究。结果：给药（AC）有明显的肝毒性作用，表现为血液中肝酶升高、肝组织抗氧化能力下降。同时服用维生素 C 可以减轻 AC 的所有生化和组织学影响。结论维生素 C 对 AC 引起的大鼠肝损伤具有保护和治疗作用。
{"title":"The Possible Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin C Against Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid Toxicity in the liver of Adult Male Albino Rats","authors":"Hanaa Mohammed, Ahmed galal, Mohammed Mahmoud, yasmeen hosny","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.256388.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.256388.1437","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AC) is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, most frequently linked to drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Vitamin C is a necessary, water-soluble micronutrient serves as an antioxidant and cofactor for several enzymes, Aim of the work: Our research aimed to study the potential Ameliorative role of vitamin C against the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid induced hepatotoxic effects on the liver of the adult male albino rats. Materials and methods: 03 adult albino rats were used. The animals were equally divided into three groups, each of them consisting of 10 rats. Group I: \"control\" Animals were not subjected to any treatment. Group II : were given Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid. Group III : were given Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid and Vitamin C treated it. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and livers were collected for biochemical and histological study. Results : Administration (AC) had apparent hepatotoxic effects in the form of elevations in blood liver enzymes, disruption of the antioxidant capacity of liver tissue. Co-administration of Vitamin C could reduce all the biochemical and histological effects of AC. Conclusion: Vitamin C has protective and therapeutic effects on AC-induced liver damage in rats.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"69 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.256803.1435
Ali Hussein Mohammed, Mustafa Younis, A. Zaghloul
The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted global public health and presented diverse clinical symptoms. Liver involvement in COVID-19 is notable, affecting a significant proportion of patients. Methods : A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Sohag University Hospital. A comparative analysis between chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with and without COVID-19. The study employed logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to explore predictors of COVID-19 severity in CLD patients. Results : 272 participants were included: 66 in the control group and 206 with varying COVID-19 severity. White blood cell count (WBC) was notably higher in severe cases compared to mild ,moderate and the control group . Absolute lymphocytic count also displayed significant differences, with the control group having higher values (2.25 ± 0.73) compared to mild (1.9 ± 0.86), moderate (1.27 ± 0.52), and severe cases (1.3 ± 0.78). Furthermore, C-reactive protein (CRP) varied significantly, with the highest levels in severe cases (92.9 ± 46), followed by moderate cases (46.7 ± 40.2), mild cases (13.49 ± 19.5), and the control group (5.6 ± 1.9). Elevated CRP (P = 0.001) with a sensitivity of 98%, D-dimer (P = 0.008) with a sensitivity of 95.7%, ESR (P = 0.008) with a sensitivity of 78.7%, and LDH (P = 0.013) with a sensitivity of 72.3% were significantly associated and predicted increased COVID-19 severity. Conclusion : This research enhances understanding of COVID-19's impact on individuals with CLD, highlighting the significance of CRP, D-dimer, ESR, and LDH as a predictors of severity.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 infection on patients with chronic liver disease in Sohag University Hospital.","authors":"Ali Hussein Mohammed, Mustafa Younis, A. Zaghloul","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.256803.1435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.256803.1435","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted global public health and presented diverse clinical symptoms. Liver involvement in COVID-19 is notable, affecting a significant proportion of patients. Methods : A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Sohag University Hospital. A comparative analysis between chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with and without COVID-19. The study employed logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to explore predictors of COVID-19 severity in CLD patients. Results : 272 participants were included: 66 in the control group and 206 with varying COVID-19 severity. White blood cell count (WBC) was notably higher in severe cases compared to mild ,moderate and the control group . Absolute lymphocytic count also displayed significant differences, with the control group having higher values (2.25 ± 0.73) compared to mild (1.9 ± 0.86), moderate (1.27 ± 0.52), and severe cases (1.3 ± 0.78). Furthermore, C-reactive protein (CRP) varied significantly, with the highest levels in severe cases (92.9 ± 46), followed by moderate cases (46.7 ± 40.2), mild cases (13.49 ± 19.5), and the control group (5.6 ± 1.9). Elevated CRP (P = 0.001) with a sensitivity of 98%, D-dimer (P = 0.008) with a sensitivity of 95.7%, ESR (P = 0.008) with a sensitivity of 78.7%, and LDH (P = 0.013) with a sensitivity of 72.3% were significantly associated and predicted increased COVID-19 severity. Conclusion : This research enhances understanding of COVID-19's impact on individuals with CLD, highlighting the significance of CRP, D-dimer, ESR, and LDH as a predictors of severity.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.268243.1452
mohammed morsi, Usama Arafa, Nayel Zaki, Ahmed aly
Background: diabetic platelets anomalies, which cause enhanced adhesiveness and exaggerated aggregation and thrombus formation, diabetes mellitus is linked to an increased risk of problems. Few studies have shown how diabetes affects platelet indices in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients . These patients experience both bleeding and thrombotic problems as a result of a disturbed balance between pro-and anti-hemostatic variables, including changes in platelet function. Aim of the work: To investigate impact of type 2 DM on Platelet indices in Non-dialysis CKD patients. Patients and methods: 150 patients classified into 3 groups each group included 50 patients, group with DM only patients, group with CKD only patients and group with CKD and DM patients , demographic data, complete blood count including platelet indices , HbA1c, eGFR and Abdominal Ultrasound were done for all patients . Results: DM when combined with CKD significantly increased number of platelets (P= 0.02), increased MPV value (P= 0.02), increased PDW value (P <0.0001) and increased PCT value (P = 0.007) and platelet indices were positively correlated with HbA1c (P <0.0001), MPV and PDW were negatively correlated with eGFR (r= -0.03 , P<0.0001) and (r= -0.05, P<0.0001) respectively . Conclusion: DM had a big impact. In non-dialysis CKD patients, platelet indices played a significant part in the pathological processes of vascular thrombosis; therefore, to reduce the risk of thrombosis in the future, it is important to monitor the patients' glycemic status and platelet indices .
{"title":"Impact Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus On Platelet Indices In Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients","authors":"mohammed morsi, Usama Arafa, Nayel Zaki, Ahmed aly","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.268243.1452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.268243.1452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: diabetic platelets anomalies, which cause enhanced adhesiveness and exaggerated aggregation and thrombus formation, diabetes mellitus is linked to an increased risk of problems. Few studies have shown how diabetes affects platelet indices in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients . These patients experience both bleeding and thrombotic problems as a result of a disturbed balance between pro-and anti-hemostatic variables, including changes in platelet function. Aim of the work: To investigate impact of type 2 DM on Platelet indices in Non-dialysis CKD patients. Patients and methods: 150 patients classified into 3 groups each group included 50 patients, group with DM only patients, group with CKD only patients and group with CKD and DM patients , demographic data, complete blood count including platelet indices , HbA1c, eGFR and Abdominal Ultrasound were done for all patients . Results: DM when combined with CKD significantly increased number of platelets (P= 0.02), increased MPV value (P= 0.02), increased PDW value (P <0.0001) and increased PCT value (P = 0.007) and platelet indices were positively correlated with HbA1c (P <0.0001), MPV and PDW were negatively correlated with eGFR (r= -0.03 , P<0.0001) and (r= -0.05, P<0.0001) respectively . Conclusion: DM had a big impact. In non-dialysis CKD patients, platelet indices played a significant part in the pathological processes of vascular thrombosis; therefore, to reduce the risk of thrombosis in the future, it is important to monitor the patients' glycemic status and platelet indices .","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"16 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141042202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.21608/smj.2024.254752.1433
Ali Hussein Mohammed
Introduction: Dyspepsia is classified into organic and functional dyspepsia (FD) based on the endoscopic esults. Endoscopy is still a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of dyspepsia. This study aims to clarify the major endoscopic findings in young dyspeptic patients in Sohag University Hospital. Patients and methods :A retrospective, cross-sectional research. Inclusion standards: Age included was 18 to 40 years old, at least one of the following was present in the patients: Postprandial satiety, early satiety and or epigastric pain. Exclusion standards: Weight loss, anemia, persistent vomiting, cancer, liver disease, gallstones, cholecystitis Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 104 patients, 58 male (55.8%) ,46 female (44.2%). There were 46 patients (44.2%) presented by epigastric pain, 15 patients 14.4%) presented by early satiety, 31 patients (29.8%) presented by fullness and 12 patients (11.5%) presented by overlap symptoms. Endoscopy showed normal findings in 13 patients (12.5%), esophagitis in 12 patients (11.5%), H. pylori gastritis in 53 patients (51%), duodenal ulcer in 12 patients (11.5%), gastric ulcer in 1 patient (1%), malignancy in 2 patients (1.9%). Discussion: H., pylori resemble the major endoscopic findings, no statistically significant correlation between presenting symptoms and endoscopic findings except for Duodenal ulcer, there was statistically significant increased percentage of duodenal ulcer in patients presented by overlap symptoms (5 patients, 41.7%) when compared with patients presented by epigastric pain (4 patients, 8.7%). Conclusion: H., pylori gastritis is common among young dyspeptic patients.
{"title":"Upper endoscopic findings in young adult patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia.","authors":"Ali Hussein Mohammed","doi":"10.21608/smj.2024.254752.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/smj.2024.254752.1433","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dyspepsia is classified into organic and functional dyspepsia (FD) based on the endoscopic esults. Endoscopy is still a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of dyspepsia. This study aims to clarify the major endoscopic findings in young dyspeptic patients in Sohag University Hospital. Patients and methods :A retrospective, cross-sectional research. Inclusion standards: Age included was 18 to 40 years old, at least one of the following was present in the patients: Postprandial satiety, early satiety and or epigastric pain. Exclusion standards: Weight loss, anemia, persistent vomiting, cancer, liver disease, gallstones, cholecystitis Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 104 patients, 58 male (55.8%) ,46 female (44.2%). There were 46 patients (44.2%) presented by epigastric pain, 15 patients 14.4%) presented by early satiety, 31 patients (29.8%) presented by fullness and 12 patients (11.5%) presented by overlap symptoms. Endoscopy showed normal findings in 13 patients (12.5%), esophagitis in 12 patients (11.5%), H. pylori gastritis in 53 patients (51%), duodenal ulcer in 12 patients (11.5%), gastric ulcer in 1 patient (1%), malignancy in 2 patients (1.9%). Discussion: H., pylori resemble the major endoscopic findings, no statistically significant correlation between presenting symptoms and endoscopic findings except for Duodenal ulcer, there was statistically significant increased percentage of duodenal ulcer in patients presented by overlap symptoms (5 patients, 41.7%) when compared with patients presented by epigastric pain (4 patients, 8.7%). Conclusion: H., pylori gastritis is common among young dyspeptic patients.","PeriodicalId":254383,"journal":{"name":"Sohag Medical Journal","volume":"142 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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