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Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria Symbiont from Various Termites on Different Nest Type in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia 印尼西加里曼丹Bukit Baka Bukit Raya国家公园不同巢型白蚁纤维素分解菌的分离与鉴定
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.12708
M. Hidayat
The microbial symbiotic community in the digestive tract of termites is reportedly influenced by the taxonomy and feeding habit of the host. Both factors are strongly correlated with the nest type. This study aimed to isolate the cellulolytic bacteria from termite’s digestive tract on different nest types and characterize and identify the potential isolates. The research methods included termite sampling conducted in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (BBBRNP), Melawi, West Kalimantan, isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from termites’ gut, endoglucanase activity test, biochemical characterization, and DNA analysis based on the amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Thirty isolates from 6 different species of termites on three different nest types were successfully isolated. Sixteen potential endoglucanase bacterial isolates were tested in terms of their endoglucanase activity. The cellulolytic index measured from those isolates ranged from 1.162 - 4.894. Three isolates (MRH.13.S, MRH.13.AF, and MRH.13.O2) with the highest cellulolytic index on each nest type were identified. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for Nucleotides) revealed that isolate MRH.13.S had the closest relationship with Bacillus tequilensis (99 % homology). Based on biochemical characterization, MRH.13.AF and MRH.13.O2 isolates were related to Bacillus spp.HIGHLIGHTSPotential cellulolytic bacteria from termite intestinal tract from different nests (i.e., soil, wood, and arboreal) were isolated and comparedTermites were obtained from a lowland dipterocarp primary forest ecosystem in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, West Kalimantan Province, IndonesiaTermite species collected were Termes comis, Dicuspiditermes garthwaitei, Synhamitermes quadriceps, Havilanditermes proatripennis, Bulbitermes borneensis, and Bulbitermes parapusillusPotential cellulolytic bacteria acquired were closely related with Bacillus tequilensis and Bacillus sppGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
据报道,白蚁消化道内的微生物共生群落受寄主的分类和摄食习性的影响。这两个因素都与巢型密切相关。本研究旨在从不同巢型的白蚁消化道中分离出纤维素分解菌,并对潜在的分离菌进行鉴定。研究方法包括在西加里曼丹省Melawi的Bukit Baka Bukit Raya国家公园(BBBRNP)采集白蚁样本,从白蚁肠道中分离纤维素分解菌,进行内切葡聚糖酶活性检测、生化鉴定和基于16S rRNA基因扩增的DNA分析。从3种不同巢型的6种白蚁中分离出30株分离物。对16株潜在的内切葡聚糖酶细菌进行了内切葡聚糖酶活性测试。分离菌株的纤维素分解指数为1.162 ~ 4.894。3株MRH.13;年代,MRH.13。鉴定出各巢型纤维素分解指数最高的是AF和MRH.13.O2。利用BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for Nucleotides)对16S rRNA基因进行分析,分离出MRH.13。S与龙舌兰芽孢杆菌亲缘关系最密切(同源性99%)。基于生化表征,MRH.13。AF和MRH.13。从印度尼西亚西加里马丹省Bukit Baka Bukit Raya国家公园的低地双叶果原始森林生态系统中采集到白蚁,收集到的白蚁种类有Termes comis、Dicuspiditermes garthwaitei、Synhamitermes quadriceps、Havilanditermes proatripennis、Bulbitermes borneensis、获得的潜在纤维素水解菌与龙舌兰芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌亲缘关系密切
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引用次数: 1
Real-Time Prediction of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Thailand using Simple Model-Free Method and Time Series Regression Model 基于简单无模型法和时间序列回归模型的泰国新冠肺炎疫情实时预测
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.48048/wjst.2021.10028
R. Wongsathan
The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was declared a global health crisis. The real-time accurate and predictive model of the number of infected cases could help inform the government of providing medical assistance and public health decision-making. This work is to model the ongoing COVID-19 spread in Thailand during the 1st and 2nd phases of the pandemic using the simple but powerful method based on the model-free and time series regression models. By employing the curve fitting, the model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function was applied to predict the number of newly infected patients and accumulate the total number of cases, including peak and viral cessation (ending) date. Alternatively, with a significant time-lag of historical data input, the regression model predicts those parameters from 1-day-ahead to 1-month-ahead. To obtain optimal prediction models, the parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm, whereas the generalized least squares update the parameters of the regression model. Assuming the future trend continues to follow the past pattern, the expected total number of patients is approximately 2,689 - 3,000 cases. The estimated viral cessation dates are May 2, 2020 (using Gaussian function), May 4, 2020 (using a hyperbolic function), and June 5, 2020 (using a logistic function), whereas the peak time occurred on April 5, 2020. Moreover, the model-free method performs well for long-term prediction, whereas the regression model is suitable for short-term prediction. Furthermore, the performances of the regression models yield a highly accurate forecast with lower RMSE and higher R2 up to 1-week-ahead.HIGHLIGHTSCOVID-19 model for Thailand during the first and second phases of the epidemicThe model-free method using the logistic function, hyperbolic tangent function, and Gaussian function  applied to predict the basic measures of the outbreakRegression model predicts those measures from one-day-ahead to one-month-aheadThe parameters of the model-free method are fine-tuned through the genetic algorithm GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
2019年新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行被宣布为全球健康危机。实时、准确、可预测的感染病例数模型可为政府提供医疗援助和公共卫生决策提供信息。这项工作是利用基于无模型和时间序列回归模型的简单但功能强大的方法,对大流行第一和第二阶段在泰国持续的COVID-19传播进行建模。通过曲线拟合,采用logistic函数、双曲正切函数、高斯函数的无模型方法预测新感染人数,累计总病例数,包括高峰和病毒停止(结束)日期。或者,在历史数据输入有明显的时滞的情况下,回归模型预测这些参数的时间跨度为1天到1个月。为了获得最优的预测模型,无模型方法通过遗传算法对参数进行微调,而广义最小二乘法对回归模型的参数进行更新。假设未来的趋势继续遵循过去的模式,预计患者总数约为2,689 - 3,000例。估计的病毒停止日期为2020年5月2日(使用高斯函数)、2020年5月4日(使用双曲函数)和2020年6月5日(使用逻辑函数),而峰值时间发生在2020年4月5日。此外,无模型方法适合长期预测,而回归模型适合短期预测。此外,回归模型的性能产生了高度准确的预测,RMSE较低,R2较高,可达1周。采用logistic函数、双曲正切函数和高斯函数的无模型方法预测疫情的基本测度,回归模型预测1天到1个月的基本测度,无模型方法的参数通过遗传算法进行微调
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引用次数: 0
CMOS Realizable and Highly Cascadable Structures of First-Order All-Pass Filters 一阶全通滤波器的CMOS可实现和高级联结构
Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.21451
Jitender Jitender, J. Mohan, B. Chaturvedi
Two novel resistorless structures of a first-order voltage-mode all-pass filter are presented in the paper. Both the structures employ a fully differential second-generation current conveyor (FDCCII) as the primary active element, in addition to an active resistor. A grounded capacitor is the only passive component used in both the structures. In both the structures, CMOS realization of FDCCII is utilized; hence, these structures are CMOS compatible. Some of the other highly demanded features possessed by the presented all-pass structures are: a simple circuit topology, electronic tunability, high input impedance, constraint-free operation in terms of passive component matching, and low sensitivity figures. The theoretical performances under ideal and non-ideal scenarios are presented in detail. Furthermore, the proposed idea is extended to an Nth-order voltage-mode all-pass filter and a quadrature oscillator to explore some of the possible applications. PSPICE simulation results verify the theoretical claims of the presented all-pass filters. HIGHLIGHTS Two novel resistorless structures of first-order all-pass filters based on fully differential second-generation current conveyor are presented Performance of the proposed structures are thoroughly described in ideal and non-ideal scenarios Theoretically described details of the proposed structures are verified by carrying simulations on PSPICE using 180 nm CMOS technology An Nth-order all-pass filter and a quadrature oscillator are also presented as applications GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
本文提出了两种一阶电压型全通滤波器的新型无电阻结构。这两种结构都采用了全差分第二代电流输送机(FDCCII)作为主要的有源元件,此外还有一个有源电阻。两个结构中唯一使用的无源元件是接地电容器。两种结构均采用CMOS实现FDCCII;因此,这些结构是CMOS兼容的。所提出的全通结构所具有的一些其他高要求特性是:简单的电路拓扑,电子可调性,高输入阻抗,无源元件匹配方面的无约束操作以及低灵敏度数字。详细介绍了理想和非理想情况下的理论性能。此外,所提出的思想被扩展到一个n阶电压模式全通滤波器和一个正交振荡器,以探索一些可能的应用。PSPICE仿真结果验证了所提出的全通滤波器的理论主张。重点介绍了两种基于全差分二代电流输送的一阶全通滤波器的新型无阻结构,在理想和非理想情况下对所提出结构的性能进行了详细描述,并利用180 nm CMOS技术在PSPICE上进行了仿真验证,并给出了n阶全通滤波器和正交振荡器的应用
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引用次数: 9
Changes in Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Properties in Thai Cocoa Bean Fermentation 泰国可可豆发酵过程中理化和微生物特性的变化
Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.21443
Tiparat Tikapunya
The purpose of this research is to investigate the quality-related physical, chemical, and microbiological changes in Thai cocoa beans during fermentation in 2 types of wooden containers. The results will compose a book of guidelines for good Thai cocoa fermentation in order to educate Thai farmers. Fresh Thai cocoa beans have a low pH value (5.0 - 5.5) compared to those from other countries in general (6.0 - 7.0). However, fermented temperature is able to reach 40 - 45 °C in 6 days, which is a main criteria for finishing cocoa fermentation. The color of fresh cocoa beans changes from white to brown within 2 days; after that, cocoa beans are mixed from the top to the bottom of the containers. Three groups of microorganism are evaluated with 3 different sampling points in wooden containers. The results reveal that yeast is grown quickly in 2 days on the top of containers, and then acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are grown by the utilized yeast’s metabolites. These behaviors were found in both of the 2 wooden containers; however, a heap of cocoa beans (200 - 250 kgs) in a wooden box showed better quality of cocoa fermentation than a small volume (40 - 50 kgs) in a wooden tray. HIGHLIGHTS Understanding changes in Thai cocoa beans fermentation based on traditional method Two type of wooden containers applied for comparing all quality-related cocoa fermentation Proper cocoa beans fermentation process composed to a book of guideline for Thai Farmers GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
本研究的目的是研究泰国可可豆在两种木制容器中发酵过程中与质量相关的物理、化学和微生物变化。结果将组成一本指导泰国可可发酵的书,以教育泰国农民。与其他国家的可可豆相比,新鲜的泰国可可豆的pH值(5.0 - 5.5)普遍较低(6.0 - 7.0)。但发酵温度在6天内能达到40 - 45℃,这是完成可可发酵的主要标准。新鲜可可豆的颜色在2天内由白色变成棕色;之后,可可豆从容器的顶部混合到底部。在木制容器中采用3个不同的采样点对三组微生物进行了评估。结果表明:2 d内,酵母在容器顶部快速生长,然后利用酵母的代谢产物生长出乙酸菌和乳酸菌。这些行为在两个木制容器中都有发现;然而,一堆可可豆(200 - 250公斤)放在木箱里比一小堆可可豆(40 - 50公斤)放在木托盘里发酵的质量更好。基于传统方法了解泰国可可豆发酵的变化两种类型的木制容器用于比较所有与质量相关的可可豆发酵适当的可可豆发酵过程组成了一本泰国农民指南的图示摘要
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引用次数: 0
Simulations of High Non-Uniform Electric Field in Dielectric Barrier Electrode System 介质阻挡电极系统中高非均匀电场的模拟
Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.12953
Pitchasak Chankuson, M. Nisoa
An electric field in the dielectric barrier electrode system is necessary for ozone production because ozone is produced by the electric discharge of O2 under a high-intensity electric field. The gas discharge plasmas contain energetic particles, such as electrons, ions, atoms, and radicals. The recombination of the O atom and O2 in the plasma will form O3. In this paper, the dependence of DC electric field formation on electrode geometry and the gap between electrodes and dielectric materials were examined by using computational modeling. Thus, a set of electrode geometry, gap distance, and dielectric material were obtained for high-intensity and uniform electric field generation. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for the modeling. Among the electrode geometries of plate-plate, pin-plate and mesh-plate, the mesh-plate generated high-intensity and uniform electric field. In the modeling, dielectric materials, including quartz, mica, alumina, and water, were compared. The highest intensity of electric field occurred on the water surface.HIGHLIGHTSWhen the gap distance between two parallel electrodes is less than 100 mm, the electric field in the gap is constant, independent of the spaceA high-intensity and uniform electric field is generated in the gap between the dielectric and grounded electrodes when a fine mesh high-voltage electrode is utilizedWith the fine mesh electrode, the electric field is about two times higher than the conventional plate electrodes, whereas the electric field uniformity was about 90 %. Therefore the barrier discharge will be initiated with lower high voltageGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
介质阻挡电极系统中的电场对于臭氧的产生是必要的,因为臭氧是由高强度电场下的O2放电产生的。气体放电等离子体含有高能粒子,如电子、离子、原子和自由基。O原子与等离子体中的O2重新结合形成O3。本文利用计算模型研究了直流电场的形成与电极几何形状和电极与介电材料间隙的关系。因此,获得了一组电极几何形状、间隙距离和介质材料,以产生高强度和均匀的电场。采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件进行建模。在板-板、针-板和网-板三种电极几何形状中,网-板产生的电场强度高且均匀。在建模中,电介质材料,包括石英,云母,氧化铝和水,进行了比较。电场强度最高的是水面。当两个平行电极之间的间隙距离小于100mm时,间隙中的电场是恒定的,与空间无关。当使用细网高压电极时,介电电极和接地电极之间的间隙产生高强度和均匀的电场。细网高压电极的电场比传统板电极高约两倍,而电场均匀性约为90%。因此,阻挡放电将在较低的高压下启动
{"title":"Simulations of High Non-Uniform Electric Field in Dielectric Barrier Electrode System","authors":"Pitchasak Chankuson, M. Nisoa","doi":"10.48048/WJST.2021.12953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48048/WJST.2021.12953","url":null,"abstract":"An electric field in the dielectric barrier electrode system is necessary for ozone production because ozone is produced by the electric discharge of O2 under a high-intensity electric field. The gas discharge plasmas contain energetic particles, such as electrons, ions, atoms, and radicals. The recombination of the O atom and O2 in the plasma will form O3. In this paper, the dependence of DC electric field formation on electrode geometry and the gap between electrodes and dielectric materials were examined by using computational modeling. Thus, a set of electrode geometry, gap distance, and dielectric material were obtained for high-intensity and uniform electric field generation. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for the modeling. Among the electrode geometries of plate-plate, pin-plate and mesh-plate, the mesh-plate generated high-intensity and uniform electric field. In the modeling, dielectric materials, including quartz, mica, alumina, and water, were compared. The highest intensity of electric field occurred on the water surface.\u0000HIGHLIGHTS\u0000\u0000When the gap distance between two parallel electrodes is less than 100 mm, the electric field in the gap is constant, independent of the space\u0000A high-intensity and uniform electric field is generated in the gap between the dielectric and grounded electrodes when a fine mesh high-voltage electrode is utilized\u0000With the fine mesh electrode, the electric field is about two times higher than the conventional plate electrodes, whereas the electric field uniformity was about 90 %. Therefore the barrier discharge will be initiated with lower high voltage\u0000\u0000GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":255195,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128012728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Enrichment a Study of Structural, Optical and Dielectric Properties of Mowiol 4-88 (Pva) Filled Zno Nanocomposites Mowiol 4-88 (Pva)填充Zno纳米复合材料结构、光学和介电性能的富集研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.21445
Sahebagouda Jambaladinni, J. S. Bhat
The use of ZnO nanoparticles in the fabrication of PVA (Mowiol 4-88) nanocomposites with different ‘x’ filling compositions through solvent casting technique leading to the enrichment of the host's physical properties is presented. The sol-gel approach synthesizes Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles of size 100 nm was confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) techniques. The XRD technique determines the appearance of nanocomposites and their structural properties. The improvement in filling concentration enhances the particle size up to 150 nm and percentage crystallinity by 41 % for optimum filler composition. The FTIR spectra demonstrate ZnO nanofillers' binding with OH group of host Mowiol 4-88 through intra or inter hydrogen bonding leading to a complex conformation. The optical studies indicate a decrease in the energy gap with the rise in filler composition up to 15 wt%, and frequency-dependent dielectric constant characterization shows the enhancement in the dielectric constant with an optimum filling concentration 15 wt% ZnO nanofillers. FESEM image confirms homogenous distribution and complex particle size of incorporated ZnO nanoparticles in the PVA matrix.HIGHLIGHTSZnO nanoparticles with Fabrication of PVA (Mowiol 4-88) nanocomposites through solvent casting techniqueZnO nanoparticles of size 100 nm was confirmedFilling concentration enhances the particle size and percentage crystallinitySEM and EDS illustrate ZnO nanofiller’s systematic distributionDielectric measurements show that these fabricated polymeric composites are polarGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
采用溶剂铸造技术制备了具有不同“x”填充成分的PVA (Mowiol 4-88)纳米复合材料,提高了材料的物理性能。溶胶-凝胶法合成氧化锌纳米颗粒。通过x射线粉末衍射(XRD)和场效应扫描电镜(FESEM)技术证实了100 nm尺寸的ZnO纳米颗粒的形成。XRD技术决定了纳米复合材料的外观和结构性能。填充浓度的提高可使颗粒尺寸达到150 nm,结晶度提高41%,从而达到最佳填充成分。红外光谱表明ZnO纳米填料与基体Mowiol 4-88的OH基团通过氢键内或氢键间结合形成复杂构象。光学研究表明,当填充量达到15 wt%时,能隙减小,而频率相关的介电常数表征表明,当氧化锌纳米填料的最佳填充浓度为15 wt%时,介电常数增强。FESEM图像证实了ZnO纳米颗粒在PVA基体中的均匀分布和复杂的粒径。通过溶剂铸造技术制备PVA (Mowiol - 4-88)纳米复合材料,确定了尺寸为100 nm的ZnO纳米颗粒,填充浓度提高了ZnO纳米填料的粒径和结晶度,sem和EDS显示了ZnO纳米填料的系统分布,电介质测量表明这些制备的聚合物复合材料具有极谱性
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of Platelet Shape Al2O3 and TiO2 on Heat Generative Hydromagnetic Nanofluids for the Base Fluid C2H6O2 in a Vertical Channel of Porous Medium 以C2H6O2为基液,在垂直通道多孔介质中生成热磁纳米流体中血小板状Al2O3和TiO2的分析
Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.21424
S. Hazarika, Sahin Ahmed, Ali J. Chamkha
An analytical investigation is performed on the unsteady hydromagnetic flow of nanoparticles Al2O3 and TiO2 in the EG base fluid through a saturated porous medium bounded by two vertical surfaces with heat generation and no-slip boundary conditions. The physics of initial and boundary conditions is designated with the flow model's non-linear partial differential equations. The analytical expressions of nanofluid velocity and temperature with the channel are derived, and Matlab Codes are used to plot the significant results for physical variables. From the physical point of view for nanofluid velocity and temperature results, the base fluid C2H6O2 has a higher viscosity and thermal conductivity than that of water. Physically, the platelet shape Al2O3 nanofluid has the highest velocity than TiO2 nanofluid. It is found that the velocity of nanofluid enhanced the porosity and nanoparticles volume fraction for Al2O3 - EG and TiO2 - EG base nanofluids. However, this trend is reversed for the effects of heat generation. Obtained results indicate that an increase in nanoparticles volume fraction raises the skin friction near the surface, but profiles gradually become linear, due to less frictional effects of nanoparticles. Moreover, due to higher values of nanoparticles volume fraction, the thermal conductivity is raised, and thus the thickness of the thermal boundary layer is declined. The results show that the method provides excellent approximations to the analytical solution of nonlinear system with high accuracy. Metal oxide nanoparticles have wide applications in various fields due to their small sizes, such as the pharmaceutical industry and biomedical engineering.HIGHLIGHTSImpact of platelet shape Al2O3 and TiO2 for base fluid C2H6O2 is studiedIn Couette and Poiseuille flow, nanoparticles play a vital role to enhance the heat transferThe infinite series solution has been used for solving the non-linear PDE’sThe uses of Al2O3 and TiO2 in significant heat transfer applications is overviewedThe physiochemical and structural features of metal oxide nanoparticles have diverse biomedical applicationsGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
本文研究了纳米颗粒Al2O3和TiO2在EG基液中通过两垂直表面的饱和多孔介质的非定常磁流动。用流动模型的非线性偏微分方程来表示初始条件和边界条件的物理性质。推导了纳米流体速度和温度随通道的解析表达式,并利用Matlab代码对物理变量的显著性结果进行了绘图。从纳米流体速度和温度结果的物理角度来看,基液C2H6O2具有比水更高的粘度和导热系数。在物理上,血小板形状的Al2O3纳米流体比TiO2纳米流体具有最高的速度。研究发现,纳米流体的速度提高了Al2O3 - EG和TiO2 - EG基纳米流体的孔隙率和纳米颗粒体积分数。然而,由于产生热量的影响,这种趋势是相反的。结果表明,随着纳米颗粒体积分数的增加,表面附近的表面摩擦会增加,但由于纳米颗粒的摩擦作用较小,表面的摩擦曲线逐渐变为线性。纳米颗粒体积分数越高,热导率越高,热边界层厚度越小。结果表明,该方法能较好地逼近非线性系统的解析解,具有较高的精度。金属氧化物纳米颗粒由于其体积小,在制药工业和生物医学工程等领域有着广泛的应用。在Couette和Poiseuille流动中,纳米颗粒在增强传热方面起着至关重要的作用,无限级数溶液已被用于求解非线性PDE。概述了Al2O3和TiO2在重要的传热应用中的用途。金属氧化物纳米颗粒的物理化学和结构特征具有多种生物医学应用
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引用次数: 3
Nutritional Values of Tung Samrit Jasmine Rice for Geographical Indication in Nakhon Ratchasima Province 那空叻差玛省地理标志用东参丽茉莉花米的营养价值
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.9352
Wassana Phanurak
The nutrition values of jasmine rice, i.e., Khao Dowk Mali (KDM) 105, from the Tung Samrit area covering 14 districts of Nakhon Ratchasima province of Thailand, were analyzed during the production seasons in 2015 and 2016. The analyzed values involved moisture, carbohydrate, protein, fat, energy, ash, vitamin E, vitamin B1, niacin B3, iron, zinc, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) contents. One of the values, 2-AP, a major aroma compound, showed significantly higher the other kinds of rice (2.71±0.05 (mg/100 g)). The comparison to the literature suggests that the rice product from the Tung Samrit area is up to the national standard. In addition to the use in the documentation for the geographical indication (GI) registration, the collaborated plans and policy were derived with the participation of farmers, dealers, and government agencies to promote sustainable “Tung Samrit jasmine rice”.HIGHLIGHTSEstimation of nutrition values of jasmine rice collected from the Tung Samrit area covering14 districts of Nakhon Ratchasima province of ThailandHighly accumulation of 2-AP in Tung Samrit jasmine riceTung Samrit jasmine rice is promote to Thailand geographical indicationGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
对泰国那空叻差玛省14个区东Samrit地区的茉莉香米Khao Dowk Mali (KDM) 105在2015年和2016年生产季节的营养价值进行了分析。分析值包括水分、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、能量、灰分、维生素E、维生素B1、烟酸B3、铁、锌和2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)含量。其中主要香气化合物2-AP值(2.71±0.05 (mg/100 g))显著高于其他品种。与文献比较表明,东三里地区的大米产品符合国家标准。除了在地理标志(GI)注册文件中使用外,还在农民、经销商和政府机构的参与下制定了合作计划和政策,以促进可持续的“东Samrit茉莉花米”。从泰国那空叻差玛省14个县的东Samrit地区采集的茉莉花的营养价值估计东Samrit茉莉花中2-AP的高度积累,东Samrit茉莉花被推广为泰国地理标志
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引用次数: 2
Effects of Plasma Focus on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of 14 Thai Rice Varieties 等离子体聚焦对14个泰国水稻品种种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.48048/WJST.2021.12051
V. Puripunyavanich, A. Tamman, P. Orpong, R. Picha, Mayuree Limtiyayothin, Pasit Wonghabut, Wutthichok Sangwang, Kewalee Nilgumhang, J. Promping
Thailand Plasma Focus 2 (TPF-2) is operated at 2.16 kJ of storage energy with argon as a filled gas and can emit sharp x-ray pulses to plant cells in nanosecond (10-9 s) duration. The effects of plasma focus x-ray on seed germination and seedling growth of 14 Thai rice varieties treated under 10 conditions; 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 plasma focus shots, were investigated. The results show that the germination rates and growth reduction rates were significantly different among the rice varieties. The germination rate of 10 varieties (Jek Chuey, KDML105, LPT123, PTT1, RD41, RD47, RD49, RD67, RD79, and SPR2) decreased when treated with a high number of plasma focus shots. LD50 and GR50 values were calculated, except for KTH17, RD1, RD7, and RD31 whose germination only slightly decreased, or remained constant, even after they were treated by 18 plasma focus shots.HIGHLIGHTSEffects of plasma focus irradiation on germination and growth were assessed on 14 Thai rice varieties Shoot and root lengths of rice seedlings were measured 10 days after of plasma treatmentPlasma focus was operated at 12 kV and the number of plasma focus shots was varied from 0 (control) to 18 shotsSensitivity to plasma irradiation was found to differ among rice seeds testedGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
泰国等离子体聚焦2 (TPF-2)以2.16 kJ的存储能量在氩气中工作,可以在纳秒(10-9秒)的时间内向植物细胞发射尖锐的x射线脉冲。等离子体聚焦x射线对14个泰国水稻品种种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响0(对照)、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和18个血浆聚焦镜头。结果表明,不同水稻品种的发芽率和生长减幅存在显著差异。高等离子聚焦处理后,10个品种(Jek Chuey、KDML105、LPT123、PTT1、RD41、RD47、RD49、RD67、RD79和SPR2)的发芽率下降。计算LD50和GR50值,除KTH17、RD1、RD7和RD31外,即使经过18次等离子聚焦处理,其萌发率也仅略有下降或保持不变。研究了等离子体聚焦辐照对14个泰国水稻品种萌发和生长的影响。在等离子体处理10 d后,测定了水稻幼苗的茎长和根长。等离子体聚焦在12 kV下工作,等离子体聚焦的次数从0(对照)到18次不等
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study About Water Saturation Influence on Changes in Reservoirs Petrophysical Properties 含水饱和度对储层岩石物性变化影响的实验研究
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.48048/wjst.2021.20594
S. Al-Obaidi, V. Smirnov, H. Alwan
Experimental determination of the physical properties of rocks under conditions simulating in situ reservoir conditions is of great importance both for the calculation of reserves and for the interpretation of well logging data. In addition, it is also important for the preparation of hydrocarbon field development projects. The study of the processes of changes in the petrophysical properties of the reservoir under controlled conditions allows not only to determine their reliability but also to evaluate the dynamics of these changes depending on the temperature and pressure conditions of the reservoir and the water saturation of the rocks.In this work, an evaluation of the dependence of the physical properties of hydrocarbon reservoirs on their water saturation (Sw) was carried out. Residual water saturation (Swr) was created in the rocks and the properties of these rocks were compared at the states of partial (25 %) and complete water saturation (100 %). The changes in petrophysical parameters of partially water saturated rocks during the increase in effective pressure were studied and estimates of these changes were obtained. The results showed that when the effective pressure is increased, the Swr increases by an average of 6 % compared to atmospheric conditions. This is accompanied by an increase in the velocity of longitudinal (by 51.9 % on average) and lateral waves (by 37.1 % on average). As residual water saturation increases, effective permeability decreases for both standard and reservoir conditions, with, gas permeability decreasing for both dry samples (by 23 % on average) and samples with residual water saturation (effective permeability decreases by 27 % on average).HIGHLIGHTSChanges in physical properties of hydrocarbon reservoirs by determining physical properties (permeability, porosity, elastic, electrical, deformation strength) under the standard conditions and in physical modelling of reservoir conditions and processesAssessment of the effectiveness of water saturation on the physical properties of the reservoirComparisons between the petrophysical properties of reservoir core samples in which the pore space is fully saturated with the reservoir fluid model and samples with residual water saturationExperimental determination of the physical properties of rocks under conditions simulating in situ reservoir conditionsEstimation of the changes in petrophysical parameters of partial water-saturated rocks during the increase in effective formation pressureGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
模拟储层条件下岩石物性的实验测定对于储量计算和测井资料解释都具有重要意义。此外,它对油气开发项目的准备也很重要。对受控条件下储层岩石物性变化过程的研究不仅可以确定其可靠性,还可以根据储层的温度和压力条件以及岩石含水饱和度来评估这些变化的动力学。本文研究了储层物性对含水饱和度(Sw)的依赖性。在岩石中建立了残余含水饱和度(Swr),并比较了部分含水饱和度(25%)和完全含水饱和度(100%)状态下岩石的性质。研究了部分含水饱和岩石在有效压力增大过程中岩石物性参数的变化,并对这些变化进行了估计。结果表明,与大气条件相比,当有效压力增加时,Swr平均增加6%。与此同时,纵波(平均增加51.9%)和横向波(平均增加37.1%)的速度也在增加。随着残余水饱和度的增加,标准条件和储层条件下的有效渗透率都降低,干燥样品(平均降低23%)和残余水饱和度样品(平均降低27%)的渗透率都降低。通过测定储层的物理性质(渗透率、孔隙度、弹性、电性、评价含水饱和度对储层物性的影响评价孔隙空间完全饱和时储层岩心样品的岩石物性与储层流体模型和残余含水饱和度样品的比较在现场模拟条件下岩石物性的实验测定储层条件部分含水岩石在有效地层压力增大过程中物性参数变化的估计[j]
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)
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