Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898267
T. Lehtonen, J. Hallstrom
A metrology grade digitizer aimed for electrical power and power quality measurements is presented. The digitizer has seven simultaneously sampling floating analog-to-digital converter channels and a modular structure. Each channel has a temperature stabilized precision voltage reference, which enables future application of the system on demanding AC metrology applications. All signal processing is running on a PC, which connects to the digitizer via USB 2.0. The device and analysis software are made in-house.
{"title":"A Modular USB 2.0 digitizer for electrical power measurements","authors":"T. Lehtonen, J. Hallstrom","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898267","url":null,"abstract":"A metrology grade digitizer aimed for electrical power and power quality measurements is presented. The digitizer has seven simultaneously sampling floating analog-to-digital converter channels and a modular structure. Each channel has a temperature stabilized precision voltage reference, which enables future application of the system on demanding AC metrology applications. All signal processing is running on a PC, which connects to the digitizer via USB 2.0. The device and analysis software are made in-house.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129951383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898543
M. Sanoh, A. Mikata, K. Tokuno, M. Hanazawa, H. Kakitani
This paper describes a method to calibrate a commercial coaxial shunt resistor with 0.07% of standard uncertainty at 1200 A, 0.5 ms pulse width current. In the method, a special current shunt is used as the new working standard in Measurement Standards Center (MSC) of Agilent Technologies International Japan. The shunt was designed for currents up to 1500 A at both pulse and DC, and then characterized at DC using a known DC shunt. The impedance characteristic is evaluated at pulse by comparing the voltage across the shunt with the commercial coaxial shunt resistor at the pulse current.
{"title":"A calibration method for a commercial coaxial shunt at high pulse current","authors":"M. Sanoh, A. Mikata, K. Tokuno, M. Hanazawa, H. Kakitani","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898543","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a method to calibrate a commercial coaxial shunt resistor with 0.07% of standard uncertainty at 1200 A, 0.5 ms pulse width current. In the method, a special current shunt is used as the new working standard in Measurement Standards Center (MSC) of Agilent Technologies International Japan. The shunt was designed for currents up to 1500 A at both pulse and DC, and then characterized at DC using a known DC shunt. The impedance characteristic is evaluated at pulse by comparing the voltage across the shunt with the commercial coaxial shunt resistor at the pulse current.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130204373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898576
I. R. Berchera, I. Degiovanni, A. Meda, G. Brida, M. Genovese
We will present recent developments on exploiting Quantum Optical Correlations as a tool for overcoming classical limits on measurement. After a general introduction to the argument we will consider in detail specific emblematic protocols.
{"title":"Quantum enhanced measurements by exploiting photon number correlations","authors":"I. R. Berchera, I. Degiovanni, A. Meda, G. Brida, M. Genovese","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898576","url":null,"abstract":"We will present recent developments on exploiting Quantum Optical Correlations as a tool for overcoming classical limits on measurement. After a general introduction to the argument we will consider in detail specific emblematic protocols.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132074347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898421
C. H. Hall Barbosa, M. Silva, L. C. Azevedo, L. C. Faria
This paper describes IMPREAL 2.0, a system developed in LabVIEW which automates the acquisition of voltage impulse waveforms from digital oscilloscopes and implements the mathematical procedures described in the new standards IEC 60060/2010. The system controls Tektronix oscilloscopes and is able to automatically calculate the time and amplitude parameters of lightning impulses, switching impulses, chopped lightning impulses and oscillating impulses (lightning and switching) waveforms, generating test reports tailored for the needs of the calibration and tests labs. It is also presented here the estimated uncertainty due to the software processing, following the guidelines defined by the standard IEC 61083-2/2013.
{"title":"System for automatic evaluation of voltage impulses according to the standard IEC 60060/2010","authors":"C. H. Hall Barbosa, M. Silva, L. C. Azevedo, L. C. Faria","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898421","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes IMPREAL 2.0, a system developed in LabVIEW which automates the acquisition of voltage impulse waveforms from digital oscilloscopes and implements the mathematical procedures described in the new standards IEC 60060/2010. The system controls Tektronix oscilloscopes and is able to automatically calculate the time and amplitude parameters of lightning impulses, switching impulses, chopped lightning impulses and oscillating impulses (lightning and switching) waveforms, generating test reports tailored for the needs of the calibration and tests labs. It is also presented here the estimated uncertainty due to the software processing, following the guidelines defined by the standard IEC 61083-2/2013.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125565675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898413
F. Seifert, A. Panna, S. Li, B. Han, L. Chao, A. Cao, D. Haddad, H. Choi, L. Haley, S. Schlamminger, J. Pratt
A watt balance is a promising instrument to realize the unit of mass at the kilogram level. The magnet system is one of the key elements of such an instrument. For the new watt balance currently under construction at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a permanent magnet system was chosen. We describe the construction of the magnet system, first measurements of the field profile, and techniques that were used to achieve an ideal field profile.
{"title":"Construction and performance of the NIST-4 magnet system","authors":"F. Seifert, A. Panna, S. Li, B. Han, L. Chao, A. Cao, D. Haddad, H. Choi, L. Haley, S. Schlamminger, J. Pratt","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898413","url":null,"abstract":"A watt balance is a promising instrument to realize the unit of mass at the kilogram level. The magnet system is one of the key elements of such an instrument. For the new watt balance currently under construction at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a permanent magnet system was chosen. We describe the construction of the magnet system, first measurements of the field profile, and techniques that were used to achieve an ideal field profile.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126557887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898512
Stanislav Mašláň, J. Horská, J. Streit
This paper describes measurement of a Q factor of the inductance standard by means of fitting a resonant curve by a model of series resonant circuit. The resonant curves have been measured on a modified automated Q meter with a remote controlled function generator and voltmeter.
{"title":"Measurement of the Q factor by means of fitting the resonance curve by a model of the resonance circuit","authors":"Stanislav Mašláň, J. Horská, J. Streit","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898512","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes measurement of a Q factor of the inductance standard by means of fitting a resonant curve by a model of series resonant circuit. The resonant curves have been measured on a modified automated Q meter with a remote controlled function generator and voltmeter.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123004024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898557
A. Sosso, B. Trinchera, E. Monticone, M. Fretto, R. Rocci, L. Roncaglione, D. Serazio, V. Lacquaniti
Avoiding liquid helium is now a worldwide issue, thus cryocooler operation is becoming essential for a wider use of superconductive electronics. Higher temperature operation of devices is advisable to reduce the refrigerator size and complexity, but arrays of Josephson junctions made with high temperature superconductors for voltage standard applications are not to date available. The SNIS (Superconductor-Normal metal-Insulator-Superconductor) junction technology developed at INRIM, based on low temperature superconductors, but capable of operation well above liquid helium temperature, allow operation in a compact cryocooled standard, providing a good compromise between device and refrigerator requirements. In this work, the behavior of SNIS devices cooled with a closed-cycle refrigerator has been investigated, both in DC and under RF irradiation. Issues related to thermal design of the apparatus to solve specific problems not faced with liquid coolants, like reduced cooling power and minimization of thermal gradients for uniform operation of the chip are discussed in detail.
{"title":"Operation of SNIS arrays in a cryocooler","authors":"A. Sosso, B. Trinchera, E. Monticone, M. Fretto, R. Rocci, L. Roncaglione, D. Serazio, V. Lacquaniti","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898557","url":null,"abstract":"Avoiding liquid helium is now a worldwide issue, thus cryocooler operation is becoming essential for a wider use of superconductive electronics. Higher temperature operation of devices is advisable to reduce the refrigerator size and complexity, but arrays of Josephson junctions made with high temperature superconductors for voltage standard applications are not to date available. The SNIS (Superconductor-Normal metal-Insulator-Superconductor) junction technology developed at INRIM, based on low temperature superconductors, but capable of operation well above liquid helium temperature, allow operation in a compact cryocooled standard, providing a good compromise between device and refrigerator requirements. In this work, the behavior of SNIS devices cooled with a closed-cycle refrigerator has been investigated, both in DC and under RF irradiation. Issues related to thermal design of the apparatus to solve specific problems not faced with liquid coolants, like reduced cooling power and minimization of thermal gradients for uniform operation of the chip are discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121127209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898471
N. Kang, Chihyun Cho, Jeongil Park, Dong-Joon Lee
This paper presents a minimally invasive measurement method for a highly resonant cavity by using electro-optic detection. The interior fields, with respect to the external incident ones, were investigated by numerical simulation and experiments. The discrepancy of the cavity's shielding effectiveness, measured by a monopole antenna and an electro-optic probe, is discussed. The electro-optic method shows great agreement with numerical analysis, which shows that minimally invasive measurement of the cavity was realized for shielding effectiveness analysis.
{"title":"Electro-optical detection of resonant fields in a coupled cavity","authors":"N. Kang, Chihyun Cho, Jeongil Park, Dong-Joon Lee","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898471","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a minimally invasive measurement method for a highly resonant cavity by using electro-optic detection. The interior fields, with respect to the external incident ones, were investigated by numerical simulation and experiments. The discrepancy of the cavity's shielding effectiveness, measured by a monopole antenna and an electro-optic probe, is discussed. The electro-optic method shows great agreement with numerical analysis, which shows that minimally invasive measurement of the cavity was realized for shielding effectiveness analysis.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115975014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898236
M. Zeier, J. Hoffmann, P. Hurlimann, J. Rufenacht, M. Wollensack, R. Judaschke, K. Kuhlmann
Electronic calibration units (ECUs) are becoming increasingly important for the calibration of vector network analyzers (VNAs). Undoubtedly, ECUs simplify the calibration of VNAs significantly by reducing the number of required connections. It is however not well understood yet how well ECUs compete with a mechanical calibration in terms of measurement accuracy and stability. This paper summarizes preliminary experimental results that have been carried out to test ECUs with respect to temperature sensitivity, connector repeatability, and stability over time.
{"title":"Stability tests of electronic calibration units","authors":"M. Zeier, J. Hoffmann, P. Hurlimann, J. Rufenacht, M. Wollensack, R. Judaschke, K. Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898236","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic calibration units (ECUs) are becoming increasingly important for the calibration of vector network analyzers (VNAs). Undoubtedly, ECUs simplify the calibration of VNAs significantly by reducing the number of required connections. It is however not well understood yet how well ECUs compete with a mechanical calibration in terms of measurement accuracy and stability. This paper summarizes preliminary experimental results that have been carried out to test ECUs with respect to temperature sensitivity, connector repeatability, and stability over time.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":" 453","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113946795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898465
N. Fletcher, R. Goebel
The BIPM has an ongoing project to establish a Thompson Lampard calculable capacitor for use in the determination of the von Klitzing constant, RK. This paper describes key parts of the measurement chain used to provide the link between the dc quantum Hall effect and the calculable capacitor. The bridge used to calibrate a conventional 1 pF standard against a known 0.4 pF capacitance change is presented. The target relative uncertainty for the overall measurement is 1 part in 108.
{"title":"A measurement chain for the determination of RK using a calculable capacitor","authors":"N. Fletcher, R. Goebel","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898465","url":null,"abstract":"The BIPM has an ongoing project to establish a Thompson Lampard calculable capacitor for use in the determination of the von Klitzing constant, RK. This paper describes key parts of the measurement chain used to provide the link between the dc quantum Hall effect and the calculable capacitor. The bridge used to calibrate a conventional 1 pF standard against a known 0.4 pF capacitance change is presented. The target relative uncertainty for the overall measurement is 1 part in 108.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121722550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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