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Boosting the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance of Inert ZnO by Incorporating Ni and Trace-Level Ir for Scalable and Industrial-Level Water-Splitting Catalysts 通过掺入镍和微量铱提高惰性氧化锌的氧进化反应性能,以实现可扩展的工业级水分离催化剂
IF 8.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05913
Seok-in Yoon, Da Young Kwon, Yonghwan Lee, Nochang Park
Developing efficient and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting via the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a significant challenge. To address this issue, we designed a Ni and trace amount of Ir incorporated ZnO heteroelectrocatalyst on nickel foam (Ir/Ni–ZnO@NF) using a facile and scalable dip-coating method without any binder. The incorporation of Ir and Ni into the ZnO host material enables the formation of an even thin film without surface cracking, facilitates residual stress relaxation, and significantly enhances OER activity. Our systematic study revealed that increased Ir incorporation in the Ir/Ni–ZnO enhances the Ni3+ content, leading to improved OER performance. The optimized Ir/Ni–ZnO exhibited excellent OER catalytic performance with an overpotential of 294.4 mV at 100 mA cm–2 and a Tafel slope of 66.89 mV dec–1. Additionally, we investigated the optimized Ir/Ni–ZnO@NF as the anode electrode of a practical anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE). The enlarged Ir/Ni–ZnO@NF anode electrode (3 cm × 3 cm) exhibited a cell voltage of 1.975 V at a current density of 8 A cm–2 and stable operation over 17 h in the AEMWE system. These findings confirm the development of high-performing and durable heterocatalysts, and their promising scalable and practical application for hydrogen production by water-splitting.
开发高效耐用的电催化剂,通过氧进化反应(OER)从水裂解中制氢是一项重大挑战。为解决这一问题,我们设计了一种在泡沫镍(Ir/Ni-ZnO@NF)上掺入镍和微量 Ir 的 ZnO 异质电催化剂,该催化剂采用了一种简便且可扩展的浸涂方法,无需任何粘合剂。在 ZnO 主材料中掺入 Ir 和 Ni 能形成均匀的薄膜,不会产生表面裂纹,有利于残余应力松弛,并显著提高 OER 活性。我们的系统研究表明,增加 Ir/Ni-ZnO 中的 Ir 含量可提高 Ni3+ 含量,从而改善 OER 性能。优化后的 Ir/Ni-ZnO 表现出优异的 OER 催化性能,在 100 mA cm-2 时过电位为 294.4 mV,Tafel 斜率为 66.89 mV dec-1。此外,我们还研究了将优化后的 Ir/Ni-ZnO@NF 用作实用阴离子交换膜水电解槽(AEMWE)阳极电极的情况。放大的 Ir/Ni-ZnO@NF 阳极电极(3 cm × 3 cm)在电流密度为 8 A cm-2 时的电池电压为 1.975 V,并在 AEMWE 系统中稳定运行了 17 小时。这些发现证实了高性能和耐用异质催化剂的开发,以及它们在通过分水制氢方面的可扩展和实际应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Re: Adhesive Anti-fibrotic Interfaces on Diverse Organs 关于不同器官上的粘附性抗纤维化界面
IF 23.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2024.10.029
David D’Andrea, Shahrokh F. Shariat
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
High serum pesticide levels are associated with increased odds of inflammatory bowel disease in a nested case-control study 在一项巢式病例对照研究中,高血清杀虫剂水平与炎症性肠病发病几率增加有关
IF 29.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.041
Manasi Agrawal, Ryan C. Ungaro, Palak Rajauria, Jared Magee, Lauren Petrick, Vishal Midya
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
AGA Clinical Practice Update on Endoscopic Enteral Access: Commentary AGA 内镜肠道入路临床实践更新:评论
IF 29.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.043
Dejan Micic, John A. Martin, John Fang

Description

The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Clinical Practice Update is to facilitate understanding and improve the clinical practice of endoscopic enteral access.

Methods

This expert commentary was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology.
方法本专家评论由美国胃肠病学会临床实践更新委员会和美国胃肠病学会理事会委托并批准,目的是就对美国胃肠病学会会员具有高度临床重要性的主题提供及时指导,并经过临床实践更新委员会的内部同行评审和《胃肠病学》标准程序的外部同行评审。
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引用次数: 0
Sialylated IgG induces the transcription factor REST in alveolar macrophages to protect against lung inflammation and severe influenza disease Sialylated IgG 可诱导肺泡巨噬细胞中的转录因子 REST,从而防止肺部炎症和严重流感疾病的发生
IF 32.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.10.002
Saborni Chakraborty, Bowie Yik-Ling Cheng, Desmond L. Edwards, Joseph C. Gonzalez, David Kung-Chun Chiu, Hong Zheng, Courtney Scallan, Xinrong Guo, Gene S. Tan, Greg P. Coffey, Pamela B. Conley, Patrick S. Hume, William J. Janssen, Derek E. Byers, Philip A. Mudd, Jeffery Taubenberger, Matthew Memoli, Mark M. Davis, Katrin F. Chua, Michael S. Diamond, Taia T. Wang
While most respiratory viral infections resolve with little harm to the host, severe symptoms arise when infection triggers an aberrant inflammatory response that damages lung tissue. Host regulators of virally induced lung inflammation have not been well defined. Here, we show that enrichment for sialylated, but not asialylated immunoglobulin G (IgG), predicted mild influenza disease in humans and was broadly protective against heterologous influenza viruses in a murine challenge model. Mechanistic studies show that sialylated IgG mediated this protection by inducing the transcription factor repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), which repressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-driven responses, preventing severe lung inflammation and protecting lung function during influenza infection. Therapeutic administration of a recombinant, sialylated Fc molecule in clinical development similarly activated REST and protected against severe influenza disease, demonstrating that this pathway could be clinically harnessed. Overall, induction of REST through sialylated IgG signaling is a strategy to limit inflammatory disease sequelae in infections caused by antigenically distinct influenza strains.
虽然大多数呼吸道病毒感染对宿主的伤害很小,但当感染引发异常炎症反应并损害肺组织时,就会出现严重症状。病毒诱导的肺部炎症的宿主调节因子尚未得到很好的定义。在这里,我们发现,富集硅氨酰化的免疫球蛋白 G(IgG)可预测人类的轻微流感疾病,而不富集淀粉酰化的免疫球蛋白 G(IgG)则可预测人类的轻微流感疾病,并且在小鼠挑战模型中对异源流感病毒具有广泛的保护作用。机理研究表明,硅氨酰化 IgG 通过诱导转录因子抑制因子-1 沉默转录因子 (REST),从而抑制核因子κB (NF-κB)驱动的反应,在流感感染期间防止严重的肺部炎症并保护肺功能。临床开发中的一种重组ialylated Fc分子的治疗用药同样激活了REST,并防止了严重流感疾病的发生,这表明这一途径可以在临床上加以利用。总之,在由抗原不同的流感病毒株引起的感染中,通过糖基化IgG信号诱导REST是一种限制炎症性疾病后遗症的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus Computed Tomography Guidance for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer: 2-year Outcomes from the MIRAGE Randomized Clinical Trial 前列腺癌立体定向体部放射治疗的磁共振成像与计算机断层扫描引导:MIRAGE 随机临床试验的两年结果
IF 23.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2024.10.026
Amar U. Kishan, James M. Lamb, Holly Wilhalme, Maria Casado, Natalie Chong, Lily Zello, Jesus E. Juarez, Tommy Jiang, Beth K. Neilsen, Daniel A. Low, Yingli Yang, John Neylon, Vincent Basehart, Ting Martin Ma, Luca F. Valle, Minsong Cao, Michael L. Steinberg
It has been shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance versus computed tomography (CT) guidance for aggressive margin-reduction (AMR) for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in prostate cancer reduces acute toxicity, but the longer-term benefits are unknown. We performed a secondary analysis of MIRAGE, a phase 3 randomized clinical trial of MRI-guided SBRT for prostate cancer, to determine whether AMR with MRI guidance significantly reduced 2-yr physician-scored or patient-reported toxic effects in comparison to CT guidance. The cumulative incidence of 2-yr physician-scored toxicity, defined as grade ≥2 genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxic effects according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03, were lower with MRI guidance. Cumulative incidence rates of late grade ≥2 toxicity at 2 yr with MRI-guided versus CT-guided SBRT were 27% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19–39%)] versus 51% (95% CI 41–63%) for GU toxicity (p = 0.004), and 1.4% (95% CI 0.2–9.6) versus 9.5% (95% CI 4.6–19) for GI toxicity (p = 0.025). Cumulative logistic regression revealed that MRI-guided SBRT was associated with significantly lower odds of a clinically relevant deterioration in bowel function according to the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26 score (odds ratio 0.444, 95% CI 0.209–0.942; p = 0.035) and in the Sexual Health Inventory in Men score (odds ratio 0.366, 95% CI 0.148–0.906; p = 0.03). There were no significant differences in the odds of a deterioration for other quality-of-life metrics. These findings support the hypothesis that aggressive planning for margin reduction for prostate SBRT using MRI leads to continued reductions in toxic effects over 2-yr follow-up.This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier as NCT04384770.
研究表明,磁共振成像(MRI)引导与计算机断层扫描(CT)引导的前列腺癌立体定向体外放射治疗(SBRT)的积极边缘缩小(AMR)可降低急性毒性,但长期疗效尚不清楚。我们对 MRI 引导的前列腺癌 SBRT 3 期随机临床试验 MIRAGE 进行了二次分析,以确定与 CT 引导相比,MRI 引导的 AMR 是否能显著降低 2 年内医生评分或患者报告的毒性反应。根据《不良事件通用术语标准》v4.03,由医生评分的2年毒性反应(定义为≥2级的泌尿生殖系统(GU)和胃肠道(GI)毒性反应)的累积发生率在MRI引导下更低。2年后,MRI引导与CT引导SBRT的晚期≥2级毒性累积发生率分别为:泌尿系统毒性为27%(95%置信区间[CI] 19-39%)]对51%(95% CI 41-63%)(P = 0.004),消化道毒性为1.4%(95% CI 0.2-9.6)对9.5%(95% CI 4.6-19)(P = 0.025)。累积逻辑回归显示,根据扩展前列腺癌指数综合-26评分(几率比0.444,95% CI 0.209-0.942;p = 0.035)和男性性健康量表评分(几率比0.366,95% CI 0.148-0.906;p = 0.03),MRI引导下SBRT与临床相关的肠功能恶化几率显著降低相关。其他生活质量指标的恶化几率没有明显差异。这些研究结果支持以下假设:使用磁共振成像对前列腺SBRT进行积极的边缘缩小计划可在2年随访期间持续降低毒性反应。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: A Systematic Review 睾丸癌的流行病学和风险因素:系统回顾
IF 23.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2024.10.023
Valentina Tateo, Zachary J. Thompson, Scott M. Gilbert, Victoria K. Cortessis, Siamak Daneshmand, Timothy A. Masterson, Darren R. Feldman, Phillip M. Pierorazio, Gagan Prakash, Axel Heidenreich, Peter Albers, Andrea Necchi, Philippe E. Spiess

Background and objective

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are globally rare, although incidence significantly varies across global geographic regions and ethnicities. Recent decades have seen an unexplained increase in incidence. This review investigates the changing epidemiology of TGCT and identifies key risk factors.

Methods

A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 statement was conducted. After screening and risk-of-bias assessment, 53 reports on significant and updated topics on TGCT epidemiology and risk factors were included for narrative synthesis. Of these, 26 were selected for quantitative synthesis.

Key findings and limitations

Projections suggest a continued increase in global TGCT incidence, even in populations with historically low incidence. Genetic predisposition, particularly single-nucleotide polymorphisms, accounts for approximately 44% of TGCT heritability. In utero exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, cryptorchidism, infertility, high height, behavioral factors such as marijuana consumption, and environmental or occupational exposures to potentially harmful substances are associated with higher TGCT risk, with variable strength of evidence. Meta-analyses confirmed a significant association between prenatal/early-life risk factors and TGCT incidence (odds ratio 1.44). Limitations include constrained evidence quality, heterogeneity in study types, and a limited volume of data supporting each topic.

Conclusions and clinical implications

TGCT pathogenesis is influenced by genetic predisposition and exposures during early life. The rising incidence may reflect socioeconomic changes and migration patterns, which determine variation in population exposure to risk factors. TGCT epidemiology remains controversial and requires further research and the implementation of optimal screening programs considering the rising incidence and consequent impact on global health and socioeconomic systems.

Advancing practice

What does this study add? .

Patient summary

.
背景和目的睾丸生殖细胞瘤(TGCTs)在全球范围内都很罕见,但不同地理区域和种族的发病率差异很大。近几十年来,发病率出现了不明原因的增长。本综述调查了TGCT不断变化的流行病学,并确定了关键的风险因素。方法按照《2020年系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目》声明进行了系统综述。经过筛选和偏倚风险评估后,纳入了 53 篇有关 TGCT 流行病学和风险因素的重要和最新主题的报告进行叙述性综合。主要发现和局限性预测表明,即使在历史上发病率较低的人群中,全球 TGCT 的发病率也会持续上升。遗传易感性,尤其是单核苷酸多态性,约占 TGCT 遗传性的 44%。子宫内暴露于干扰内分泌的化学物质、隐睾症、不育症、身高过高、行为因素(如吸食大麻)以及环境或职业中暴露于潜在有害物质与较高的 TGCT 风险有关,但证据的强度各不相同。元分析证实,产前/早孕期风险因素与TGCT发病率之间存在显著关联(几率比1.44)。结论和临床意义TGCT的发病机制受遗传易感性和生命早期暴露的影响。发病率的上升可能反映了社会经济的变化和移民模式,这决定了人群暴露于风险因素的差异。TGCT流行病学仍存在争议,考虑到发病率的上升及其对全球健康和社会经济体系的影响,需要进一步研究并实施最佳筛查计划。.患者总结。
{"title":"Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: A Systematic Review","authors":"Valentina Tateo, Zachary J. Thompson, Scott M. Gilbert, Victoria K. Cortessis, Siamak Daneshmand, Timothy A. Masterson, Darren R. Feldman, Phillip M. Pierorazio, Gagan Prakash, Axel Heidenreich, Peter Albers, Andrea Necchi, Philippe E. Spiess","doi":"10.1016/j.eururo.2024.10.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2024.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background and objective</h3>Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are globally rare, although incidence significantly varies across global geographic regions and ethnicities. Recent decades have seen an unexplained increase in incidence. This review investigates the changing epidemiology of TGCT and identifies key risk factors.<h3>Methods</h3>A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 statement was conducted. After screening and risk-of-bias assessment, 53 reports on significant and updated topics on TGCT epidemiology and risk factors were included for narrative synthesis. Of these, 26 were selected for quantitative synthesis.<h3>Key findings and limitations</h3>Projections suggest a continued increase in global TGCT incidence, even in populations with historically low incidence. Genetic predisposition, particularly single-nucleotide polymorphisms, accounts for approximately 44% of TGCT heritability. In utero exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, cryptorchidism, infertility, high height, behavioral factors such as marijuana consumption, and environmental or occupational exposures to potentially harmful substances are associated with higher TGCT risk, with variable strength of evidence. Meta-analyses confirmed a significant association between prenatal/early-life risk factors and TGCT incidence (odds ratio 1.44). Limitations include constrained evidence quality, heterogeneity in study types, and a limited volume of data supporting each topic.<h3>Conclusions and clinical implications</h3>TGCT pathogenesis is influenced by genetic predisposition and exposures during early life. The rising incidence may reflect socioeconomic changes and migration patterns, which determine variation in population exposure to risk factors. TGCT epidemiology remains controversial and requires further research and the implementation of optimal screening programs considering the rising incidence and consequent impact on global health and socioeconomic systems.<h3>Advancing practice</h3><strong><em>What does this study add</em>?</strong> .<h3>Patient summary</h3>.","PeriodicalId":25,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Potential of Real-Time Audio-Visual Interactions of ChatGPT-4o in Endoscopy Training and Practice 探索 ChatGPT-4o 的实时视听互动在内窥镜培训和实践中的潜力
IF 29.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.06.042
Qiqi Wu
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Sucrase isomaltase dysfunction reduces sucrose intake in mice and humans 蔗糖异麦芽糖酶功能障碍会降低小鼠和人类的蔗糖摄入量
IF 29.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.040
Peter Aldiss, Leire Torices, Stina Ramne, Marit Eika Jørgensen, Mauro D’Amato, Mette K. Andersen
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Mx1-ing it up—Mitochondrial relay for interferon-dependent, unconventional IL-1β release in SLE monocytes Mx1-ing it up--系统性红斑狼疮单核细胞中干扰素依赖性、非常规 IL-1β 释放的线粒体继电器
IF 32.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.10.005
Andrea Dorfleutner, Christian Stehlik, Caroline A. Jefferies
The role of type I interferon (IFN-I) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well documented, but the role of interleukin (IL)-1β remains elusive. In this issue of Immunity, Caielli et al. identified an SLE monocyte population coproducing IL-1β and IFN-I and described how mitochondrial nucleic-acid-containing RBCs engage cGAS/STING, RIG-I, MDA5, and NLRP3 for unconventional IL-1β release.
Ⅰ型干扰素(IFN-I)在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)中的作用已被充分证明,但白细胞介素(IL)-1β的作用却仍然难以捉摸。在本期《免疫》(Immunity)杂志上,Caielli 等人发现了一个共同产生 IL-1β 和 IFN-I 的系统性红斑狼疮单核细胞群,并描述了含线粒体核酸的红细胞如何参与 cGAS/STING、RIG-I、MDA5 和 NLRP3 以实现非常规的 IL-1β 释放。
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引用次数: 0
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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