IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121266

Haoran Wu , Zikang Yu , Lijie Liu , Jiawei Xu , Hongchuan Zhang , Jiaru Fan , Yingying Wang , Xiaofei Gong , Lei Zhao , Huatao Wang

As the primary gas diffusion layer (GDL) substrate in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), carbon paper must provide mechanical support, efficient thermal and electrical conduction, and effective mass transport. However, conventional carbon paper often exhibits limited mechanical strength and inadequate electrical and thermal conductivities, which restricts overall cell performance, ultimately making modification essential. Herein, we fabricated a modified carbon paper consisting of an interwoven skeleton of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCFs) and polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers (PAN-CFs), with graphite nanoplates (GNPs) anchored onto the fiber surfaces. The hybrid carbon felt was prepared by rapid filtration, in which MPCFs bridged adjacent PAN-CFs or penetrated vertically into interlayer voids, establishing additional pathways that enhanced both electrical and thermal conduction. GNPs were subsequently introduced through impregnation with a GNP dispersion, adhering to both fiber types and forming nanoscale protrusions. These protrusions increased fiber surface roughness, strengthened the fiber/resin carbon interface, and improved the mechanical properties of the carbon paper. Moreover, GNPs filled interstitial voids within the skeleton, forming finer branched networks that further augmented electrical and thermal conductivity. When loaded with 24 g/m² of MPCFs and impregnated with a 2 wt% GNP dispersion, the modified carbon paper exhibited a flexural strength of 22.91 MPa and a tensile strength of 25.99 MPa, representing increases of 67 % and 89 %, respectively, over the unmodified material. The in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities reached 37.09 W/(m·K) and 8.83 W/(m·K), respectively, while the in-plane electrical resistivity was reduced to 3.74 mΩ cm. These values signify a notable improvement compared to the unmodified carbon paper, which exhibited an in-plane thermal conductivity of 12.20 W/(m·K), through-plane thermal conductivity of 0.04 W/(m·K), and in-plane electrical resistivity of 8.80 mΩ cm. In fuel cell tests, the modified carbon paper achieved a peak power density of 1.33 W/cm², outperforming the unmodified reference by 125 %. This work demonstrates a synergistic modification strategy using MPCFs and GNPs to simultaneously enhance the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of carbon paper. The proposed approach offers a promising pathway toward developing high-performance GDLs for advanced PEMFC applications.

作为质子交换膜燃料电池（pemfc）的主要气体扩散层（GDL）衬底，碳纸必须提供机械支撑、高效的热传导和导电以及有效的质量传递。然而，传统的碳纸通常表现出有限的机械强度和不充分的导电性和导热性，这限制了电池的整体性能，最终使改性成为必要。本文中，我们制备了一种由中间相沥青基碳纤维（MPCFs）和聚丙烯腈基碳纤维（PAN-CFs）交织骨架组成的改性碳纸，并将石墨纳米板（GNPs）固定在纤维表面。混合碳毡是通过快速过滤制备的，其中MPCFs桥接相邻的PAN-CFs或垂直渗透到层间空隙中，建立了额外的途径，增强了电导和热传导。GNPs随后通过GNP分散体浸渍引入，附着在两种纤维类型上并形成纳米级突起。这些突起增加了纤维表面粗糙度，增强了纤维/树脂碳界面，改善了复写纸的力学性能。此外，GNPs填充骨架内的间隙空隙，形成更精细的分支网络，进一步增强电导率和导热性。当负载24 g/m2的mpcf并浸渍2 wt% GNP分散体时，改性碳纸的抗折强度为22.91 MPa，抗拉强度为25.99 MPa，分别比未改性的材料提高了67%和89%。炭纸的面内导热系数为37.09 W/(m·K)，面内导热系数为8.83 W/(m·K)，面内电阻率降至3.74 mΩ cm，与未改性炭纸的面内导热系数为12.20 W/(m·K)，面内导热系数为0.04 W/(m·K)，面内电阻率为8.80 mΩ cm相比，有了显著提高。改性碳纸的峰值功率密度为1.33 W/cm2，比未改性碳纸高出125%。这项工作展示了一种使用mpcf和GNPs的协同改性策略，可以同时提高碳纸的机械、热学和电学性能。该方法为开发用于先进PEMFC应用的高性能gdl提供了一条有希望的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the adhesion and delamination strength of carbon films on metals by high-throughput ab initio calculations 通过高通量从头计算，深入了解碳膜在金属上的粘附和分层强度

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121270

Elisa Damiani, Margherita Marsili, M. Clelia Righi

Diamond and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are widely employed for their exceptional mechanical, thermal and chemical properties, but their industrial application is often limited by weak adhesion to metallic substrates. In this work, we employ a high-throughput ab initio approach to systematically investigate the adhesion of diamond/metal interfaces, combining a set of technologically relevant metals (Al, Ag, Au, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ir, Mg, Mo, Pt, Rh, Ti, V, W, Zn) with the C(111), C(111)-2 × 1 (Pandey reconstructed), C(110), C(100) surfaces, that are most common in diamond and are representative of different types of bonds present in DLC. Thanks to our automated and accurate computational protocol for interface construction and characterization, databases are populated and relevant trends are identified on the effect of surface graphitization, ability to form carbides and metal reactivity on carbon film adhesion and delamination strength. Beyond capturing trends, our workflow yields predictive insights. Indeed, we found that adhesion energy scales with the geometric mean of the constituent surface energies, providing a simple descriptor for rapid screening; while comparing the work of separation with the metal’s cohesive energy anticipates the fracture location under tensile loading. A novel method based on the radial distribution function

g (r)

analysis is introduced to identify when contact with a metal drives rehybridization of surface carbon from sp

^{2}

to sp

^{3}

, the structural signature of improved resistance to delamination. These structural changes are mirrored by an electronic rearrangement at the interface, quantified by a charge-redistribution descriptor that strongly correlates with adhesion.

金刚石和类金刚石（DLC）涂层因其优异的机械、热学和化学性能而被广泛应用，但它们的工业应用往往受到与金属基材粘附力弱的限制。在这项工作中，我们采用高通量从头计算方法系统地研究了金刚石/金属界面的粘附性，将一组技术相关的金属（Al, Ag, Au, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ir, Mg, Mo, Pt, Rh, Ti， V， W, Zn）与金刚石中最常见的C(111)， C(111)-2 × 1 （Pandey重建），C(110)， C（100）表面结合起来，这些表面代表了DLC中存在的不同类型的键。由于我们在界面构建和表征方面的自动化和精确的计算协议，数据库得到了填充，并确定了表面石墨化、形成碳化物的能力和金属反应性对碳膜附着力和分层强度的影响的相关趋势。除了捕捉趋势之外，我们的工作流程还能产生预测性的见解。事实上，我们发现粘附能与组成表面能的几何平均值有关，为快速筛选提供了一个简单的描述符；同时将分离功与金属黏结能进行比较，预测拉伸载荷作用下的断裂位置。提出了一种基于径向分布函数g(r)分析的新方法来识别当与金属接触驱动表面碳从sp2到sp3再杂化时，抗分层性提高的结构特征。这些结构变化通过界面上的电子重排来反映，并通过与粘附密切相关的电荷再分配描述符来量化。

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引用次数: 0

Time-dependent phosphorescence colors from carbon dots in zirconia for dynamic information encryption and ratiometric thermometry 动态信息加密和比例测温用氧化锆碳点的时变磷光色

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121265

Qian Chen, Yuankui Huang, Huifei Wang, Yaoping Hu

Afterglow materials displaying time-dependent phosphorescence colors (TDPCs) are pivotal for advanced optical encryption, yet their rational design remains challenging. Herein, we report a controllable synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) embedded within a zirconia matrix (CDs@ZrO₂) that demonstrate remarkable TDPCs via facile calcination of a Zr-based metal–organic framework. The composites feature dual emissive centers, producing short-lived blue phosphorescence from the carbon core and long-lived yellow-green phosphorescence from surface states. The calcination temperature precisely tailors the graphitization degree and surface chemistry, enabling programmable control over the emission profile and dynamic color evolution. The ZrO₂ matrix provides multi-confinement of CDs via structural rigidity and covalent/hydrogen bonding, effectively stabilizing triplet excitons and endowing exceptional environmental robustness. The unique TDPC characteristic is successfully leveraged for high-level dynamic information encryption with temporal resolution. Furthermore, the distinct thermal quenching behaviors of the blue and yellow-green phosphorescence components in CDs@ZrO₂ facilitate the development of a ratiometric optical thermometer, exhibiting excellent linear response from 298 to 473 K for quantitative detection and visual semi-quantification of temperature in the range of 298–398 K. This work establishes a novel paradigm for creating intelligent afterglow materials with significant potential in photonic security and sensing technologies.

显示时间相关磷光色（TDPCs）的余辉材料对于先进的光学加密至关重要，但其合理设计仍然具有挑战性。在此，我们报告了一种嵌入氧化锆基体（CDs@ZrO2）的碳点（CDs）的可控合成方法，该方法通过锆基金属有机框架的易煅烧显示出显著的tdpc。复合材料具有双重发射中心，碳核产生短寿命的蓝色磷光，表面状态产生长寿命的黄绿色磷光。煅烧温度可以精确地调整石墨化程度和表面化学性质，从而实现对发射剖面和动态颜色演变的可编程控制。ZrO2基质通过结构刚性和共价/氢键提供了CDs的多重约束，有效地稳定了三重态激子，并赋予了出色的环境鲁棒性。独特的TDPC特性成功地用于具有时间分辨率的高级动态信息加密。此外，CDs@ZrO2中蓝色和黄绿色磷光组分的独特热猝灭行为促进了比例光学温度计的发展，该温度计在298 - 473 K范围内具有良好的线性响应，可用于定量检测和298 - 398 K范围内的视觉半定量温度。这项工作为创造智能余辉材料建立了一个新的范例，在光子安全和传感技术方面具有重要的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic 2-D cobalt di-tert-butyl phosphate grid graphitic carbon nitride (gC3N4) hybrids for rapid photocatalytic hydrogen evolution 协同二维二叔丁基磷酸钴网格石墨氮化碳杂化物（gC3N4）用于快速光催化析氢

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121260

Navneet Matharoo , Mohammed Fawaz , Nithinraj Panangattu Dharmarajan , Jae-Hun Yang , Xuan Minh Chau Ta , Ayona K. Jose , Vibin Perumalsamy , Matej Huš , Yuwei Wang , Antonio Tricoli , Prashant Kumar , Blaž Likozar , Chung-Hwan Jeon , Ramaswamy Murugavel , Ajayan Vinu

Present day energy demands require greener, cleaner, scalable and high-rate hydrogen production by employing abundant solar energy-driven catalysis. Amongst emerging low cost photocatalysts, graphitic carbon nitrides (gC₃N₄) have emerged as exciting platforms for hydrogen production using sunlight due to their interesting semiconducting properties with the unique band structure. However, the fast electron-hole recombination in g-C₃N₄ restricts their high performance in producing hydrogen which limits its wider applicability for large scale H₂ production. Synergistic hybridization of gC₃N₄ with two-dimensional (2D) transition metal organo-phosphates can potentially ensure swift charge transfer, which however has never been realized. Keeping in mind the urgency, we herein report the first demonstration of the synthesis of gC₃N₄-2D cobalt di-tert-butyl phosphate bipyridine (CDTBP) hybrids for facile and enhanced H₂ production under visible light. Further analysis with the transmission electron microscopic imaging (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) reveal the inter-layer coupling and bond alignment, confirming the synergistic hybridization between the component layers. This novel hybrid nanosystem achieves a hydrogen evolution rate of 682.4 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, outperforming state-of-the-art g-C₃N₄–based photocatalysts such as CoPi/g-C₃N₄ (234 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹) and cobalt phosphate hydroxide/g-C₃N₄ (254 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹), demonstrating the strong synergistic effect of the 2D–2D CDTBP-g-C₃N₄ interface. Suppression of exciton recombination in CDTBP- gC₃N₄ as compared to pristine gC₃N_4, and consequent 25-fold enhancement in photocurrent upon hybridization reveals the swift charge transfer. The findings of the present study highlight the importance of developing advanced hybrid nanocatalysts for scalable hydrogen production.

目前的能源需求需要更绿色、更清洁、可扩展和高速率的氢气生产，通过利用丰富的太阳能驱动的催化作用。在新兴的低成本光催化剂中，石墨碳氮化物（gC3N4）由于其独特的能带结构和有趣的半导体特性，已经成为利用阳光制氢的令人兴奋的平台。然而，g-C3N4的快速电子-空穴复合限制了其制氢性能，限制了其在大规模制氢中的广泛适用性。gC3N4与二维（2D）过渡金属有机磷酸盐的协同杂化可以潜在地确保快速的电荷转移，但从未实现过。考虑到这一紧迫性，我们在此报告了首次在可见光下合成gC3N4-2D钴二叔丁基磷酸联吡啶（CDTBP）杂化物的实验。通过透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）和紫外光电子能谱（UPS）进一步分析，发现了层间耦合和键对齐，证实了各组分层之间的协同杂交。该混合纳米体系的析氢速率为682.4 μmol h−1 g−1，优于目前基于g- c3n4的光催化剂CoPi/g- c3n4 （234 μmol h−1 g−1）和磷酸氢钴/g- c3n4 (254 μmol h−1 g−1)，显示了2D-2D CDTBP-g-C3N4界面的强协同效应。与原始gC3N4相比，CDTBP- gC3N4中激子重组的抑制以及杂交后光电流的25倍增强揭示了快速的电荷转移。本研究的发现强调了开发先进的混合纳米催化剂用于大规模制氢的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

High-open-circuit voltage diamond alpha-voltaic battery with interface reconstructed by amorphous gallium oxide 用非晶态氧化镓重构界面的高开路电压金刚石光伏电池

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121251

Chuanlong Li , Benjian Liu , Bo Liang , Ziyi Chen , Wenchao Zhang , Wei Liang , Yiyong Zuo , He Jia , Tianyue Chen , Zhaokai Sang , Liangyu Liu , Kang Liu , Di Lu , A.P. Bolshakov , V.G. Ralchenko , Bing Dai , Jiaqi Zhu

Alpha-voltaic batteries have significant prospects in deep space and sea, polar deserts, and biomedicine because of their micro-volume, radiation resistance, long lifetime, and environmental adaptability. Diamond is an ideal material for alpha-voltaic batteries with high open-circuit voltage and radiation stability, owing to its wide bandgap and high displacement energy. However, solving the problems of interface leakage and low open-circuit voltage caused by Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination at the oxygen-terminated diamond Schottky junction and Fermi-level pinning continues to pose a significant challenge. In this study, we fabricated a diamond alpha-voltaic battery with an amorphous gallium oxide dielectric layer that modulates the diamond/gold Schottky interface. Using ²⁴¹Am with an activity of 8.85 μCi/cm², an open-circuit voltage of 2.41 V was achieved, which is the highest reported in the literature. In addition, a short-circuit current density of 6.6 nA/cm² and a maximum output power of 9.72 nW/cm² were obtained. The total conversion efficiency of the alpha-voltaic battery was calculated to be 3.7 %. Then we verified the repeatability and temperature-variable stability of diamond nuclear batteries with amorphous gallium oxide-modulated interfaces. Analysis of the band arrangement of diamond and amorphous gallium oxide revealed the extraction–passivation relationship of interface carriers. Based on analysis of the chemical bond states at the interface, we proposed a new mechanism for the reconstruction of the oxygen-terminated diamond interface induced by amorphous gallium oxide. These results provide a new idea for increasing the open-circuit voltage of nuclear batteries.

α -光伏电池具有体积小、耐辐射、寿命长、环境适应性强等优点，在深空海洋、极地沙漠、生物医学等领域具有重要的应用前景。金刚石具有宽的带隙和高的位移能，是具有高开路电压和辐射稳定性的α -光伏电池的理想材料。然而，解决在氧端金刚石肖特基结和费米水平钉钉处由Shockley-Read-Hall （SRH）复合引起的界面泄漏和低开路电压问题仍然是一个重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们制造了一种金刚石α -伏打电池，其非晶氧化镓介电层可以调节金刚石/金肖特基界面。使用活度为8.85 μCi/cm2的241Am，获得了2.41 V的开路电压，这是文献报道的最高开路电压。短路电流密度为6.6 nA/cm2，最大输出功率为9.72 nW/cm2。经计算，该α -光伏电池的总转换效率为3.7%。然后验证了非晶氧化镓调制界面金刚石核电池的可重复性和变温稳定性。通过分析金刚石和非晶氧化镓的能带排列，揭示了界面载流子的萃取-钝化关系。在分析界面化学键态的基础上，提出了由非晶氧化镓诱导的氧端金刚石界面重建的新机制。这些结果为提高核电池开路电压提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Brazing of carbon/carbon composite beams using gold filler with tungsten trioxide and tungsten carbide coatings 用三氧化钨和碳化钨涂层填充金钎焊碳/碳复合梁

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121264

Tatsuki Nakatani, Takahisa Yamazaki

Carbon/Carbon (C/C) composites are expected to be used as space components due to their excellent specific strength and high heat resistance. This study investigates a reliable brazing technique for C/C composites, aimed at their application as beam members in lunar geodesic dome structures. To improve the wettability of pure gold filler metal and prevent its excessive penetration, the end surfaces of the carbon fibers and the graphite matrix were coated with tungsten trioxide and tungsten carbide. The coating process successfully formed a protective layer on both the carbon fibers and the matrix, facilitating effective gold wetting. In three-point bending tests of the brazed specimens, the average maximum flexural stress reached 48.5 MPa. The fracture occurred as a tensile failure accompanied by interlaminar shear. These results indicate that the joint strength was greater than the strength of the C/C composite base material. Microstructural analyses confirmed that tungsten coatings formed around the fibers. When the C/C composite was placed with an oblique carbon fiber orientation to the joining surface for use as a beam material, the gold filler penetrated along the carbon fiber at an oblique angle. Furthermore, the alternating fiber orientation of the composite contributed to stress redistribution during loading, enhancing joint strength. These findings demonstrate that tungsten-based coatings and fiber architecture are critical to improving the mechanical performance of brazed C/C composite joints.

碳/碳（C/C）复合材料具有优异的比强度和较高的耐热性，有望用作航天部件。本文研究了一种可靠的碳/碳复合材料钎焊技术，旨在将其应用于月球测地圆顶结构的梁构件。为了提高纯金填充金属的润湿性，防止其过度渗透，在碳纤维和石墨基体的端面涂覆了三氧化钨和碳化钨。涂层工艺成功地在碳纤维和基体上形成了保护层，促进了金的有效润湿。在三点弯曲试验中，钎焊试样的平均最大弯曲应力达到48.5 MPa。断裂以张拉破坏形式发生，并伴有层间剪切。结果表明，接头强度大于C/C复合基材的强度。显微结构分析证实，在纤维周围形成了钨涂层。当C/C复合材料以碳纤维斜向放置于连接面作为梁材料时，金填料沿碳纤维斜向渗透。此外，复合材料的交替纤维取向有助于加载过程中的应力重新分布，从而提高接头强度。这些发现表明，钨基涂层和纤维结构对提高钎焊C/C复合接头的力学性能至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Metal–support interactions program methane pyrolysis carbon into percolating MWCNT networks for high-areal-loading dry electrodes 金属支持的相互作用程序甲烷热解碳进入渗透MWCNT网络的高面积负荷干电极

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121255

Gyori Park , So Yeong Yang , Hye Won Park , Ji Su Yun , Nodira Urol Kizi Saidova , Soo Hong Lee , Ji Sun Im , Kyung Jin Lee

CO₂-free hydrogen via methane pyrolysis (MP) produces a solid-carbon co-product that must be valorized at scale. We show that catalyst-level metal–support interactions (MSIs) program the structure and porosity of MP-derived multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and, in turn, govern percolation and through-plane transport in Li-ion battery cathodes based on LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NCM811). Alumina-supported Co and Ni catalysts were synthesized by one-step solution combustion, and MSI-driven reconstruction was quantified by X-ray diffraction and H₂ temperature-programmed reduction. Strong Co–AlO_x coupling with partial CoAl₂O₄ formation restricted nanoparticle growth and produced narrower, more graphitic MWCNTs with hierarchical meso–macroporosity and higher conductivity (Co-CNT). Weaker Ni–AlO_x interactions permitted coarsening and yielded thicker MWCNTs that packed into dense aggregates with restricted pore throats (Ni-CNT). To quantify dispersion, we introduced a grid-based carbon dispersity value from microscopic analysis and linked it to network formation. Under wet processing, Co-CNTs percolated at loadings as low as 2 wt% and sustained high-rate operation, whereas Ni-CNTs remained network-limited. Under solvent-free dry processing with polytetrafluoroethylene fibrillation, Ni-CNT dispersity increased from 53.3 % to 87.5 %. This enabled ultrathick electrodes with an areal loading of ∼50 mg cm⁻² that approached ∼7 mAh cm⁻² at low current densities and retained 56 % of the 0.1 C capacity at 1 C, compared with 70 % for Co-CNT. These results establish an explicit linkage from catalyst design and MP performance to carbon product attributes and electrode function, and provide design rules for upgrading MP-derived carbons into high-value conductive additives for thick, high-loading NCM811 cathodes.

无二氧化碳氢通过甲烷热解（MP）产生固体碳副产物，必须在规模上进行定价。研究表明，催化剂级金属-载体相互作用（msi）控制了mp衍生的多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）的结构和孔隙度，进而控制了LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 （NCM811）锂离子电池阴极中的渗透和通过平面传输。采用一步溶液燃烧法合成了氧化铝负载的Co和Ni催化剂，并通过x射线衍射和H2程序升温还原对msi驱动重构进行了量化。Co-AlOx与部分CoAl2O4形成的强耦合限制了纳米颗粒的生长，并产生了更窄、更石墨化的MWCNTs，具有分层介宏观孔隙和更高的导电性（Co-CNT）。较弱的Ni-AlOx相互作用允许粗化并产生更厚的MWCNTs，这些MWCNTs堆积成具有受限孔喉的致密聚集体（Ni-CNT）。为了量化分散，我们从微观分析中引入了基于网格的碳分散值，并将其与网络形成联系起来。在湿法处理下，Co-CNTs在低至2 wt%的负载下渗透并保持高速率运行，而Ni-CNTs仍然是网络受限的。在聚四氟乙烯纤维无溶剂干燥处理下，Ni-CNT分散度从53.3%增加到87.5%。这使得面积负载为~ 50 mg cm - 2的超厚电极在低电流密度下接近~ 7 mAh cm - 2，并在1c下保持56%的0.1 C容量，而Co-CNT则为70%。这些结果建立了催化剂设计和MP性能与碳产品属性和电极功能之间的明确联系，并为将MP衍生碳升级为厚、高负载NCM811阴极的高价值导电添加剂提供了设计规则。

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引用次数: 0

One-stop multifunctional cellulose aerogel integrating mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, heat insulation and microwave absorption 集机械强度、疏水性、隔热、微波吸收于一体的一站式多功能纤维素气凝胶

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121263

Congcong Zhu , Wenhui Jin , Jingna Wang , Yu Zhu , Kai Nan , Yan Wang

Cellulose aerogels are emerging as a promising next-generation material due to their outstanding thermal insulation properties and lightweight characteristics. However, their limited functionality poses challenges for practical applications. The development of high-performance, multifunctional microwave-absorbing aerogels has become a significant challenge. This study presents the design of CNF/MXene@NC-CoFe₂O₄ aerogels via a one-pot method combined with freeze-drying. This innovative approach facilitates the integration of multiple functions, including microwave absorption, thermal insulation, hydrophobicity, and corrosion resistance. The aerogel features a robust cellulose nanofiber (CNF) framework that provides mechanical reinforcement, while the MXene component establishes a continuous conductive network. Additionally, the incorporated NC-CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles contribute magnetic loss capability. As a result, the aerogel demonstrates outstanding performance with a low filler content of only 10 wt%, achieving a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of −75.2 dB at 2.3 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.8 GHz at a thickness of 2.5 mm. Its highly porous structure and surface modification engineering confer outstanding thermal insulation, anticorrosion ability, and hydrophobic properties. This study offers novel insights into designing high-performance aerogels for diverse applications, including electromagnetic absorption, thermal management, antiseptic solutions, and hydrophobic treatment.

纤维素气凝胶由于其优异的保温性能和轻质特性，正在成为一种有前途的下一代材料。然而，它们有限的功能给实际应用带来了挑战。开发高性能、多功能的微波吸收气凝胶已成为一项重大挑战。本研究采用一锅法结合冷冻干燥法设计CNF/MXene@NC-CoFe2O4气凝胶。这种创新的方法促进了多种功能的集成，包括微波吸收、保温、疏水和耐腐蚀。气凝胶具有坚固的纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）框架，可提供机械加固，而MXene成分则建立了连续的导电网络。此外，加入的NC-CoFe2O4纳米颗粒有助于提高磁损耗能力。结果表明，在填料含量仅为10 wt%的情况下，该气凝胶表现出了出色的性能，在2.3 mm处的最小反射损耗（RLmin）为−75.2 dB，在2.5 mm厚度处的有效吸收带宽（EAB）为7.8 GHz。它的高多孔结构和表面改性工程赋予了它出色的保温、防腐和疏水性。这项研究为设计高性能气凝胶提供了新的见解，可用于各种应用，包括电磁吸收、热管理、防腐溶液和疏水处理。

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引用次数: 0

A self-limiting dielectrophoretic strategy for monolayer carbon nanotube array assembly 单层碳纳米管阵列组装的自限制介电泳策略

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121259

Kai Wang , Yingnan Yang , Zhengming Hao , Rongbin Xie , Wenshan Li

Bundle-free monolayer carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays are essential for developing high-performance CNT-based electronics to meet the requirements of advanced semiconductor nodes. In terms of array fabrication, dielectrophoresis (DEP), as an electric-field-based multi-objective manipulating technique, typically performs well in CNT array assembly efficiency, but is rarely employed for monolayer film preparation. Here, we propose a self-limiting DEP strategy that incorporates embedded electrodes (EED) and low-frequency electric fields to fabricate monolayer CNT arrays. By maintaining the polarization orientation of CNTs during DEPs, this strategy provides efficient dipole-dipole repulsion between the deposited CNTs and those remaining in suspension. Such repulsive interaction diminishes the probability of suspended CNTs being further DEP captured and stacked on deposited CNTs, resulting in a self-limiting monolayer assembly. Using this approach, we realized high uniformity and well-aligned monolayer CNT arrays with a density of 65 ± 10 tubes/μm, surpassing the previously reported density benchmarks for self-limiting DEP assemblies. Transistors fabricated from EED-DEP assembled monolayer arrays exhibit an on-conductivity of up to 196 μS/μm (Channel length of 300 nm) and a steep subthreshold swing as low as 89.3 mV dec⁻¹. Remarkably, these devices achieve an on/off ratio of 8.9 × 10⁶, nearly four orders of magnitude higher than those obtained from conventional DEP assemblies. This work deepens the understanding of DEP dynamics and provides feasible guidance for realizing layer-controlled, low-defect and high-density nanomaterial assemblies for future integrated circuit applications.

无束单层碳纳米管（CNT）阵列是发展高性能碳纳米管电子器件以满足先进半导体节点要求的必要条件。在阵列制造方面，dielectrophoresis （DEP）作为一种基于电场的多目标操作技术，在CNT阵列组装效率方面表现良好，但很少用于单层膜的制备。在这里，我们提出了一种自限制DEP策略，该策略结合嵌入式电极（EED）和低频电场来制造单层碳纳米管阵列。通过在dep过程中保持碳纳米管的极化取向，该策略在沉积的碳纳米管和悬浮中的碳纳米管之间提供了有效的偶极子-偶极子斥力。这种斥力相互作用降低了悬浮的碳纳米管进一步被DEP捕获并堆叠在沉积的碳纳米管上的可能性，从而导致自限单层组装。利用这种方法，我们实现了高均匀性和排列良好的单层碳纳米管阵列，密度为65±10管/μm，超过了先前报道的自限制DEP组件的密度基准。由ed - dep组装的单层阵列制成的晶体管的导电性高达196 μS/μm（通道长度为300 nm），亚阈值摆幅低至89.3 mV dec−1。值得注意的是，这些器件实现了8.9 × 106的开/关比，比传统的DEP组件高出近4个数量级。这项工作加深了对DEP动力学的理解，为实现未来集成电路应用中的层控、低缺陷和高密度纳米材料组件提供了可行的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Graphene thick films with ultra-high thermal conductivity and robust stability via seamless nano-silver bonding strategy for extreme thermal management 石墨烯厚膜具有超高导热性和强大的稳定性，通过无缝纳米银键合策略进行极端热管理

IF 11.6 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121256

Jing Yu, Weizhi Lin, Hao Cheng, Feng Chen

Graphene films (GFs) have been widely used in thermal management for electronic devices due to their exceptional thermal conductivity. The ever-increasing power density has placed new demands on the heat flux carrying capacity of GFs, leading to efforts to produce thicker GFs. Nevertheless, increasing the thickness of GFs typically results in a rapid decline in thermal conductivity. Currently, commercial graphene thick films (GTFs) are primarily fabricated by bonding multiple graphene oxide films or GFs to increase thickness, but they usually suffer from poor structural stability and reduced thermal conductivity. Herein, a novel GTFs assembly strategy is proposed to achieve seamless and robust bonding of nano-silver to GFs via evaporative deposition and hot-pressing. The thickness of the composited graphene-silver thick film (GTF-Ag) is 200 μm, with an in-plane thermal conductivity of 1630 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹. Furthermore, GTF-Ag maintains stable structure and thermal conductivity after undergoing temperature treatment from −200 °C to 400 °C and 1200 thermal shock cycles. This work overcomes the traditional trade-off between thickness and thermal conductivity of GTFs, setting a new record for the thermal conductivity of GTFs and providing an efficient and reliable solution for thermal management in high-power devices and extreme environments.

石墨烯薄膜由于其优异的导热性，在电子器件的热管理中得到了广泛的应用。随着功率密度的不断提高，对热流通量承载能力提出了新的要求，导致人们努力生产更厚的热流通量。然而，增加GFs的厚度通常会导致导热系数的迅速下降。目前，商用石墨烯厚膜（GTFs）主要是通过粘合多个氧化石墨烯膜或GFs来增加厚度，但它们通常存在结构稳定性差和导热性降低的问题。本文提出了一种新的gtf组装策略，通过蒸发沉积和热压的方法实现纳米银与gtf的无缝粘合。合成的石墨烯-银厚膜（GTF-Ag）厚度为200 μm，面内导热系数为1630 W m−1 K−1。此外，GTF-Ag经过−200°C至400°C的温度处理和1200次热冲击循环后，仍保持稳定的结构和导热性。这项工作克服了传统gtf厚度和导热系数之间的权衡，创造了gtf导热系数的新记录，为大功率器件和极端环境中的热管理提供了高效可靠的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

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