Carbon最新文献

英文中文

Operando formation of hydration layer and tribofilm of graphene oxide for achieving synergistic lubrication on electrochemical boronizing surface

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120089

Junqin Shi , Shaochong Yin , Hang Li , Xiaobin Yi , Hongxing Wu , Tengfei Cao , Xiaoli Fan , Jing Liu , Feng Zhou

Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising additive for water-based lubricants, however, its costly functionalization and the real-world challenges of integrating it in harsh environments complicate its application in engineering materials. Additionally, the mechanisms through which it effectively reduces friction and wear remain inadequately understood. This study addresses these obstacles by proposing a novel strategy to enhance the adhesion of GO on the surfaces of engineering materials through advanced surface engineering techniques. A high-hardness and anti-wear boriding surface on GCr15 steel is prepared through the fast electrochemical boronizing (ECB) treatment. GO nanosheets show a strong attraction on the ECB surface to form a dense operando tribofilm with high load-bearing capacity, through the squeezing and shear film formation mechanisms as revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. Under such confined conditions, water film existing between GO interlayers and SiO₂ surfaces induces the optimal hydration lubrication, with a friction coefficient down to 0.04 and near-zero wear for the synergistic effect of ECB surface and 1 wt% GO nanosheet solution. Conversely, the increase in sliding frequency and load damages the GO tribofilm, resulting in hydration lubrication failure. Our findings corroborate the intimate correlation between the hydration lubrication and the synergy of ECB treatment and solid-liquid composite lubricant, advancing the field of tribology and promoting practical applications of GO in lubrication.

{"title":"Operando formation of hydration layer and tribofilm of graphene oxide for achieving synergistic lubrication on electrochemical boronizing surface","authors":"Junqin Shi , Shaochong Yin , Hang Li , Xiaobin Yi , Hongxing Wu , Tengfei Cao , Xiaoli Fan , Jing Liu , Feng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising additive for water-based lubricants, however, its costly functionalization and the real-world challenges of integrating it in harsh environments complicate its application in engineering materials. Additionally, the mechanisms through which it effectively reduces friction and wear remain inadequately understood. This study addresses these obstacles by proposing a novel strategy to enhance the adhesion of GO on the surfaces of engineering materials through advanced surface engineering techniques. A high-hardness and anti-wear boriding surface on GCr15 steel is prepared through the fast electrochemical boronizing (ECB) treatment. GO nanosheets show a strong attraction on the ECB surface to form a dense operando tribofilm with high load-bearing capacity, through the squeezing and shear film formation mechanisms as revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. Under such confined conditions, water film existing between GO interlayers and SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces induces the optimal hydration lubrication, with a friction coefficient down to 0.04 and near-zero wear for the synergistic effect of ECB surface and 1 wt% GO nanosheet solution. Conversely, the increase in sliding frequency and load damages the GO tribofilm, resulting in hydration lubrication failure. Our findings corroborate the intimate correlation between the hydration lubrication and the synergy of ECB treatment and solid-liquid composite lubricant, advancing the field of tribology and promoting practical applications of GO in lubrication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120089"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Room-temperature negative magnetoresistance of FeCo- diamond like carbon nanocomposite film with high anticorrosion and antibiosis

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120090

Yiwen Zhang , Jiaqi Wen , Zhong Wu , Zhenbo Qin , Huiming Ji , Xinjun Liu , Wenbin Hu

Magnetic metal (Co, Fe, etc.)-diamond like carbon (DLC) nanocomposite film is promising for implantable magnetoresistance biosensor material, which requires room temperature (RT) tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), high anticorrosion and antibiosis, simultaneously. However, carbonization of magnetic metals reduces saturation magnetization of films, which is a critical problem for realizing RT-TMR. In this study, introduction of FeCo alloy can effectively inhibit formation of Co carbides, which makes FeCo-DLC film has high saturation magnetization from 0.125 to 0.284 T, as FeCo content increasing from 45 to 64 at.%. Moreover, tunneling conduction paths of uniformly distributed FeCo particles have been obtained by sputtering-pressure controlling. Consequently, RT-TMR of -0.01% is innovatively realized in FeCo-DLC nanocomposite films. For anticorrosion, the microporous is the main cause of low corrosion resistance. Owing to microporous blocking effect of sp² cluster enhanced by FeCo alloy, corrosion resistance of FeCo-DLC film reaches 2.5×10⁵ Ω⋅cm², which is 10 times higher than that of Co-DLC films. Meanwhile, as FeCo content increasing, higher sp²/sp³ ratio can reduce surface energy, and enhance hydrophobicity to prevent bacteria adsorption. Antibacterial rate exhibits significant increase from 59 to 92%. Integration of the multiple properties is realized in FeCo-DLC nanocomposite film for biosensor material.

{"title":"Room-temperature negative magnetoresistance of FeCo- diamond like carbon nanocomposite film with high anticorrosion and antibiosis","authors":"Yiwen Zhang , Jiaqi Wen , Zhong Wu , Zhenbo Qin , Huiming Ji , Xinjun Liu , Wenbin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic metal (Co, Fe, etc.)-diamond like carbon (DLC) nanocomposite film is promising for implantable magnetoresistance biosensor material, which requires room temperature (RT) tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), high anticorrosion and antibiosis, simultaneously. However, carbonization of magnetic metals reduces saturation magnetization of films, which is a critical problem for realizing RT-TMR. In this study, introduction of FeCo alloy can effectively inhibit formation of Co carbides, which makes FeCo-DLC film has high saturation magnetization from 0.125 to 0.284 T, as FeCo content increasing from 45 to 64 at.%. Moreover, tunneling conduction paths of uniformly distributed FeCo particles have been obtained by sputtering-pressure controlling. Consequently, RT-TMR of -0.01% is innovatively realized in FeCo-DLC nanocomposite films. For anticorrosion, the microporous is the main cause of low corrosion resistance. Owing to microporous blocking effect of <em>sp</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> cluster enhanced by FeCo alloy, corrosion resistance of FeCo-DLC film reaches 2.5×10<sup>5</sup> Ω⋅cm<sup>2</sup>, which is 10 times higher than that of Co-DLC films. Meanwhile, as FeCo content increasing, higher <em>sp</em><sup><em>2</em></sup><em>/sp</em><sup><em>3</em></sup> ratio can reduce surface energy, and enhance hydrophobicity to prevent bacteria adsorption. Antibacterial rate exhibits significant increase from 59 to 92%. Integration of the multiple properties is realized in FeCo-DLC nanocomposite film for biosensor material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120090"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High thermal conductivity graphene-based interfacial materials through oriented assembly and catalytic graphitization for thermal management

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120081

Jing Li , Junhao Liu , Ning Li , Wenfang Zeng , Minghao Chen , Yawei Xu

Graphene, with its excellent thermal conductivity, is ideal for heat dissipation in small electronic devices. In this study, we propose a method that combines magnetic field-induced assembly and catalytic graphitization to enhance the thermal conductivity of graphene films. Fe₃O₄ was loaded onto graphene oxide (GO) to form magnetic graphene oxide (MGO), which was aligned into an ordered structure under the influence of an external magnetic field. Glucose was then added as a carbon source and thermally reduced at 800 °C to fill defects in the MGO films and reduce phonon scattering. Catalytic graphitization using Fe as a catalyst at 1500 °C converted the amorphous carbon to graphitic carbon, further minimizing phonon scattering. Finally, a second graphitization at 1800 °C was performed to repair structural defects, resulting in a thermal conductivity of 1004.4 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ significantly higher than that of the graphene film obtained by reducing GO under the same conditions (420.2 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹). This energy-efficient approach offers a promising method for preparing high-thermal-conductivity graphene-based materials for future applications.

{"title":"High thermal conductivity graphene-based interfacial materials through oriented assembly and catalytic graphitization for thermal management","authors":"Jing Li , Junhao Liu , Ning Li , Wenfang Zeng , Minghao Chen , Yawei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene, with its excellent thermal conductivity, is ideal for heat dissipation in small electronic devices. In this study, we propose a method that combines magnetic field-induced assembly and catalytic graphitization to enhance the thermal conductivity of graphene films. Fe₃O₄ was loaded onto graphene oxide (GO) to form magnetic graphene oxide (MGO), which was aligned into an ordered structure under the influence of an external magnetic field. Glucose was then added as a carbon source and thermally reduced at 800 °C to fill defects in the MGO films and reduce phonon scattering. Catalytic graphitization using Fe as a catalyst at 1500 °C converted the amorphous carbon to graphitic carbon, further minimizing phonon scattering. Finally, a second graphitization at 1800 °C was performed to repair structural defects, resulting in a thermal conductivity of 1004.4 W m⁻<sup>1</sup> K⁻<sup>1</sup> significantly higher than that of the graphene film obtained by reducing GO under the same conditions (420.2 W m⁻<sup>1</sup> K⁻<sup>1</sup>). This energy-efficient approach offers a promising method for preparing high-thermal-conductivity graphene-based materials for future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120081"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143230117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure transformation of electrochemically activated alkali-treated soft carbons for energy storage applications

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120084

Yu-Chun Chen, Liang-Chieh Tseng, Yun Lin, Chen-Wei Tai, Hsiang-Sheng Wei, Chi-Chang Hu

Electrochemical activation (EA) is an effective method for modifying the micro-structure of the alkali-treated soft carbon (ASC), enabling the irreversible trapping of ions within carbon layers to enhance the electrochemical reversibility and specific capacitance. This study aims to elucidate the structural transformations during EA using the in-situ Raman spectroscopy, elemental mapping with an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other analytical methods. The phosphorus concentration increases with enlarging the applied voltages, and simultaneously, the carbon layers are expanded. The ions irreversibly trapped in the expanded carbon layers during EA originate from PF₆⁻ in the electrolyte and act as nanopillars to transform ASC into a high-performance supercapacitor material. When the electrochemically activated ASC was integrated into the lithium-ion capacitor (LIC), this EA-treated ASC exhibited a low self-discharge rate (70 % voltage retention under the open circuit state for 1000 h) and outstanding cycling stability (95 % capacitance retention after 3000 cycles). This comprehensive study not only elucidates the mechanism of the EA process but also highlights the practical applications of EA-treated ASC, paving the way for further advancements in EA-based energy storage technologies.

{"title":"Microstructure transformation of electrochemically activated alkali-treated soft carbons for energy storage applications","authors":"Yu-Chun Chen, Liang-Chieh Tseng, Yun Lin, Chen-Wei Tai, Hsiang-Sheng Wei, Chi-Chang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical activation (EA) is an effective method for modifying the micro-structure of the alkali-treated soft carbon (ASC), enabling the irreversible trapping of ions within carbon layers to enhance the electrochemical reversibility and specific capacitance. This study aims to elucidate the structural transformations during EA using the <em>in-situ</em> Raman spectroscopy, elemental mapping with an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other analytical methods. The phosphorus concentration increases with enlarging the applied voltages, and simultaneously, the carbon layers are expanded. The ions irreversibly trapped in the expanded carbon layers during EA originate from PF<sub>6</sub><sup>−</sup> in the electrolyte and act as nanopillars to transform ASC into a high-performance supercapacitor material. When the electrochemically activated ASC was integrated into the lithium-ion capacitor (LIC), this EA-treated ASC exhibited a low self-discharge rate (70 % voltage retention under the open circuit state for 1000 h) and outstanding cycling stability (95 % capacitance retention after 3000 cycles). This comprehensive study not only elucidates the mechanism of the EA process but also highlights the practical applications of EA-treated ASC, paving the way for further advancements in EA-based energy storage technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120084"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface engineering of TiC-functionalized carbon nanotubes for 3D optoelectronics

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120087

Huanhuan Du , Pei Jiang , Dongyang Xiao , Wei Wang , Yongwei Tang , Xi Yang , Leimeng Sun

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as potential vertical interconnect materials due to superior thermal conductivity and current-carrying capacity. However, electrical and thermal losses at electrode/CNT interface remain significant challenges. In this work, we present an interface engineering strategy using TiC-bonded CNTs (TiC-CNTs), which is not limited by the growth temperature and is compatible with semiconductor manufacturing processes. Compared to the CNT field emission prototype, the TiC-CNT prototype reduces the interface barrier by 0.28-fold, thereby enhancing the current-carrying capability by a factor of 10.6. Additionally, the reliability is improved by 79.0 % over a 300-h operation. Furthermore, the three-dimensional (3D) optoelectronic prototype utilizing TiC-CNT interconnects reduces thermal resistance by 49.1 %. Thus, the TiC-functionalized strategy significantly enhances electrical/thermal transport and reliability at the electrode/CNT interface, highlighting the potential of TiC-CNTs for applications in densely packed 3D optoelectronic devices.

{"title":"Interface engineering of TiC-functionalized carbon nanotubes for 3D optoelectronics","authors":"Huanhuan Du , Pei Jiang , Dongyang Xiao , Wei Wang , Yongwei Tang , Xi Yang , Leimeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as potential vertical interconnect materials due to superior thermal conductivity and current-carrying capacity. However, electrical and thermal losses at electrode/CNT interface remain significant challenges. In this work, we present an interface engineering strategy using TiC-bonded CNTs (TiC-CNTs), which is not limited by the growth temperature and is compatible with semiconductor manufacturing processes. Compared to the CNT field emission prototype, the TiC-CNT prototype reduces the interface barrier by 0.28-fold, thereby enhancing the current-carrying capability by a factor of 10.6. Additionally, the reliability is improved by 79.0 % over a 300-h operation. Furthermore, the three-dimensional (3D) optoelectronic prototype utilizing TiC-CNT interconnects reduces thermal resistance by 49.1 %. Thus, the TiC-functionalized strategy significantly enhances electrical/thermal transport and reliability at the electrode/CNT interface, highlighting the potential of TiC-CNTs for applications in densely packed 3D optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120087"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon quantum dots with photo-induced enzyme activity and room-temperature phosphorescence and their application in drug analysis and anticounterfeiting

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120083

Changpeng Zhang , Yan Jiao , Dan Zhao , Xincai Xiao

The carbon quantum dots with enzyme-mimicking activity and phosphorescence have exhibited promising applications in biochemical detection and anticounterfeiting. Therefore, this paper reports the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CDs@heme) with fluorescence, phosphorescence and photo-induced oxidase properties through the microwave method (5 min) using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine, phosphoric acid, and hemoglobin as the raw materials. Also, CDs@heme were complexed with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to prepared CDs@heme-TEOS with water-soluble phosphorescence. The best excitation and emission wavelengths for the fluorescence of the prepared CDs@heme are 370 and 446 nm, respectively, while those of the phosphorescence are 350 and 530 nm, respectively. A sensitive detection strategy for carmine has been established with detection limits of fluorescence and phosphorescence at 330 and 51 nM, respectively. Based on the inhibitory effect of tiopronin (TPN) on the photo-induced oxidase activity of CDs@heme, a colorimetric detection method for TPN has been established in the concentration range of 0.015 − 25 μM, with a detection limit of 9.8 nM, and the recovery rate for TPN enteric tablets is in the range of 99.85 % − 109.21 %. The change can be visually presented with a hydrogel as the medium. A triple information security system was developed based on the fluorescence/phosphorescence/mimic enzyme properties of CDs@heme. This research provides a new perspective and strategy for room-temperature phosphorescence and photosensitive multifunctional nanomaterials.

{"title":"Carbon quantum dots with photo-induced enzyme activity and room-temperature phosphorescence and their application in drug analysis and anticounterfeiting","authors":"Changpeng Zhang , Yan Jiao , Dan Zhao , Xincai Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The carbon quantum dots with enzyme-mimicking activity and phosphorescence have exhibited promising applications in biochemical detection and anticounterfeiting. Therefore, this paper reports the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CDs@heme) with fluorescence, phosphorescence and photo-induced oxidase properties through the microwave method (5 min) using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine, phosphoric acid, and hemoglobin as the raw materials. Also, CDs@heme were complexed with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to prepared CDs@heme-TEOS with water-soluble phosphorescence. The best excitation and emission wavelengths for the fluorescence of the prepared CDs@heme are 370 and 446 nm, respectively, while those of the phosphorescence are 350 and 530 nm, respectively. A sensitive detection strategy for carmine has been established with detection limits of fluorescence and phosphorescence at 330 and 51 nM, respectively. Based on the inhibitory effect of tiopronin (TPN) on the photo-induced oxidase activity of CDs@heme, a colorimetric detection method for TPN has been established in the concentration range of 0.015 − 25 μM, with a detection limit of 9.8 nM, and the recovery rate for TPN enteric tablets is in the range of 99.85 % − 109.21 %. The change can be visually presented with a hydrogel as the medium. A triple information security system was developed based on the fluorescence/phosphorescence/mimic enzyme properties of CDs@heme. This research provides a new perspective and strategy for room-temperature phosphorescence and photosensitive multifunctional nanomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120083"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143230115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes from premade binary metal oxide nanoparticles on bare SiO2

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120086

Abdul Hoque, Chaminda P. Nawarathne, Noe T. Alvarez

The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) requires well-defined catalyst nanoparticles that can influence both diameter and chirality. Herein, catalyst nanoparticles containing both the catalyst and catalyst support material were developed. Binary-metal oxide (AlO_x–Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles was synthesized from a mixture containing both aluminum and iron oleate precursors in the solution phase. The nanoparticles were assembled as a monolayer film on a silicon oxide (SiO₂) substrate via organic linker molecules to synthesize vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs). Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of the premade catalyst nanoparticles and monolayer film assembly revealed the quality of the nanoscale assembly, which facilitated the successful growth of VA-CNTs. The length of the CNTs synthesized using these AlO_x–Fe₂O₃ nanorice catalyst nanoparticles surpassed that of previously reported CNTs grown on bare SiO₂ surfaces without oxide buffer layers. In addition, the CNTs appeared to be directly bonded/connected to the SiO₂ substrate, suggesting CNT formation via the tip-growth mechanism. The effects of growth temperature and catalyst reduction time were evaluated to obtain high-yield VA-CNTs.

{"title":"Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes from premade binary metal oxide nanoparticles on bare SiO2","authors":"Abdul Hoque, Chaminda P. Nawarathne, Noe T. Alvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) requires well-defined catalyst nanoparticles that can influence both diameter and chirality. Herein, catalyst nanoparticles containing both the catalyst and catalyst support material were developed. Binary-metal oxide (AlO<sub>x</sub>–Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles was synthesized from a mixture containing both aluminum and iron oleate precursors in the solution phase. The nanoparticles were assembled as a monolayer film on a silicon oxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) substrate via organic linker molecules to synthesize vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs). Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of the premade catalyst nanoparticles and monolayer film assembly revealed the quality of the nanoscale assembly, which facilitated the successful growth of VA-CNTs. The length of the CNTs synthesized using these AlO<sub>x</sub>–Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorice catalyst nanoparticles surpassed that of previously reported CNTs grown on bare SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces without oxide buffer layers. In addition, the CNTs appeared to be directly bonded/connected to the SiO<sub>2</sub> substrate, suggesting CNT formation via the tip-growth mechanism. The effects of growth temperature and catalyst reduction time were evaluated to obtain high-yield VA-CNTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120086"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143230113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure reconstruction strategy for controlled pore closure via surface coating in coal-based hard carbon for enhancing sodium storage performance

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120085

Guokan Liu , Jialiang Yuan , Zhuangzhi Li , Haoyu Li , Chi Wang , Zeng Zeng , Changyan Hu , Jiangong Yang , Bo Yuan , Jie Zhang , Zhenguo Wu

Coal-based hard carbon is considered the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost and high abundant resources. However, high-temperature carbonization yields a highly ordered microstructure with few closed pores, limiting sodium storage and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Herein, we propose a structural reconstruction strategy utilizing liquid-phase surface coating of porous carbon with soft carbon. The pitch-derived soft carbon can coat the open pores of porous carbon, facilitating the transition from exposed to closed pores. And the coating layers characterized by a highly ordered microcrystalline structure, significantly reduce surface defects and thereby enhance the ICE. Furthermore, the improved uniform mixing of pitch solution and porous carbon promotes robust cross-linking, mitigating small molecule volatilization and increasing carbon yield. Benefiting from these increased closed pores and stable structure, the optimized BCPC-10 delivered a superior capacity of 326.7 mAh g⁻¹ with high ICE of 86.7 % and excellent cycling stability with 87.2 % retention after 100 cycles. Moreover, the assembled full-cell achieved excellent capacity retention rate of 80.1 % after 200 cycles. The proposed strategy of coating porous carbon with soft carbon undoubtedly offers a promising avenue for developing advanced coal-based anode materials for commercial SIBs.

{"title":"Structure reconstruction strategy for controlled pore closure via surface coating in coal-based hard carbon for enhancing sodium storage performance","authors":"Guokan Liu , Jialiang Yuan , Zhuangzhi Li , Haoyu Li , Chi Wang , Zeng Zeng , Changyan Hu , Jiangong Yang , Bo Yuan , Jie Zhang , Zhenguo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal-based hard carbon is considered the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost and high abundant resources. However, high-temperature carbonization yields a highly ordered microstructure with few closed pores, limiting sodium storage and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Herein, we propose a structural reconstruction strategy utilizing liquid-phase surface coating of porous carbon with soft carbon. The pitch-derived soft carbon can coat the open pores of porous carbon, facilitating the transition from exposed to closed pores. And the coating layers characterized by a highly ordered microcrystalline structure, significantly reduce surface defects and thereby enhance the ICE. Furthermore, the improved uniform mixing of pitch solution and porous carbon promotes robust cross-linking, mitigating small molecule volatilization and increasing carbon yield. Benefiting from these increased closed pores and stable structure, the optimized BCPC-10 delivered a superior capacity of 326.7 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with high ICE of 86.7 % and excellent cycling stability with 87.2 % retention after 100 cycles. Moreover, the assembled full-cell achieved excellent capacity retention rate of 80.1 % after 200 cycles. The proposed strategy of coating porous carbon with soft carbon undoubtedly offers a promising avenue for developing advanced coal-based anode materials for commercial SIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 120085"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanostructure engineering of superhard nano-polycrystalline diamond by compressing different fullerene precursors

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120078

Xuyuan Hou , Yaping Zhao , Yuchen Shang , Fangren Shen , Bingze Wu , Desi Chen , Zhaodong Liu , Mingguang Yao , Bingbing Liu

Nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD) is an important material with great application potential in various fields, including tool machining, high-pressure science, etc. Due to the strong covalent bonding structure, introducing controllable nanostructures, such as dislocations and twinned boundaries, into NPD to tune its properties remains challenging and our understanding of the underlying mechanism is also limited. In this work, we discovered a fundamentally important factor/mechanism that influences the formation of nanostructures in NPD, i.e., the reactivities of C–C bonds on fullerene cages affect the formation of intermediate phases and thus the final formed NPD. Our experiments and simulations reveal that the lower reactivity of C–C bonds on C₇₀ cages leads to more ordered graphitic carbon formation, while C₆₀ tends to amorphization under the same HPHT. This results in more complex twinning and stacking faults in the synthesized NPD from C₇₀ than C₆₀ through different transition mechanisms via the intermediate phases. The as-synthesized NPD samples from different fullerenes thus exhibit tunable hardness (85.5–101.7 GPa) and optical properties. Our findings provide new insights into the formation mechanism of diamond nanostructures and propose a new strategy to tune the nanostructures of the synthesized NPD for harder and stronger materials.

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引用次数: 0

A dislocation perspective on heterointerfacial strengthening in nanostructured diamond and cubic boron nitride composites

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120079

Hanqing Wei , Haifei Zhan , Dominik Legut , Shihao Zhang

The nanometer-scale diamond/cBN (C/BN) heterointerface is believed to significantly enhance the mechanical properties of diamond-cBN nanocomposites, however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored and poorly understood. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive investigation of the dislocation slip resistance at perfect C/BN heterointerfaces and their corresponding nanotwinned and stacking-faulted structures, utilizing the ab initio-informed Peierls-Nabarro model. Our findings show that the nanotwinned defects at the heterointerface, characterized by negative formation energy, are more thermodynamically stable than those in the cBN and diamond bulk. Stacking faults tend to favor the cBN side over the diamond side at the heterointerface, which is consistent with experimental observations. The perfect C/BN heterointerface exhibits notably lower slip resistance to parallel dislocation than bulk diamond and cBN due to shear-induced Friedel oscillation. Conversely, a much higher dislocation slip resistance is observed at the nanotwinned and stacking-faulted C/BN heterointerfaces than that of bulk cBN, suggesting that the mirror symmetry presented across the nanotwinned and stacking-faulted heterointerfaces offers an effective strategy for strengthening. These insights not only offer a novel perspective on the ubiquitous heterointerfacial strengthening in diamond-cBN nanocomposites, but also underscore the pivotal role of atomic-scale interfaces in designing superhard nanostructures.

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引用次数: 0

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