Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296083
H. Baghdasaryan, T. Knyazyan, T. Baghdasaryan, G.G. Eyramjyan
An extension of the method of single expression (MSE) for the analysis of plane electromagnetic wave oblique incidence on a dielectric slab is performed. Corresponding Helmholtz's equation, boundary conditions and the expression for power flow density are derived in the terms of MSE for TE and TM electromagnetic waves. TE wave oblique incidence on a wavelength-scale dielectric slab of low (high) permittivity surrounded by media of high (low) permittivity is analysed. The reflectance peculiarities of the slab and the distribution of electric field amplitude inside it are presented. For a slab of low permittivity surrounded by media of high permittivity the phenomenon of frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) is observed and analysed.
{"title":"Extension and Application of the Method of Single Expression (MSE) for Analysis of Plane Electromagnetic Wave Oblique Incidence on a Dielectric Slab","authors":"H. Baghdasaryan, T. Knyazyan, T. Baghdasaryan, G.G. Eyramjyan","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296083","url":null,"abstract":"An extension of the method of single expression (MSE) for the analysis of plane electromagnetic wave oblique incidence on a dielectric slab is performed. Corresponding Helmholtz's equation, boundary conditions and the expression for power flow density are derived in the terms of MSE for TE and TM electromagnetic waves. TE wave oblique incidence on a wavelength-scale dielectric slab of low (high) permittivity surrounded by media of high (low) permittivity is analysed. The reflectance peculiarities of the slab and the distribution of electric field amplitude inside it are presented. For a slab of low permittivity surrounded by media of high permittivity the phenomenon of frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) is observed and analysed.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121121248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296201
C. Meuer, M. Laemmlin, J. Kim, G. Eisenstein, D. Bimberg
Static cross gain saturation and dynamical small signal cross gain modulation are experimentally and theoretically investigated in order to judge the multi wavelength amplification capability of quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD SOA). The measurements reveal the carriers in the excited states of the QDs to act as an effective reservoir, where QDs of different sizes participate in the replenishment through the indirect coupling of the excited states of all the QDs via the wetting layer. The dynamical 3 dB cross gain modulation bandwidth is presently limited to below 3.5 GHz. Thus at high data rates the cross talk between the data channels is expected to be negligible and the multi-wavelength cross talk suppression should become better the higher the bit rate is. The unique reservoir mechanism of the QD system seems to be a major advantage of QD SOA compared to conventional bulk or quantum well amplifiers.
{"title":"Multi Wavelength Ultrahigh Frequency Amplification by Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers","authors":"C. Meuer, M. Laemmlin, J. Kim, G. Eisenstein, D. Bimberg","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296201","url":null,"abstract":"Static cross gain saturation and dynamical small signal cross gain modulation are experimentally and theoretically investigated in order to judge the multi wavelength amplification capability of quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD SOA). The measurements reveal the carriers in the excited states of the QDs to act as an effective reservoir, where QDs of different sizes participate in the replenishment through the indirect coupling of the excited states of all the QDs via the wetting layer. The dynamical 3 dB cross gain modulation bandwidth is presently limited to below 3.5 GHz. Thus at high data rates the cross talk between the data channels is expected to be negligible and the multi-wavelength cross talk suppression should become better the higher the bit rate is. The unique reservoir mechanism of the QD system seems to be a major advantage of QD SOA compared to conventional bulk or quantum well amplifiers.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122307661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296303
Carlos Garcia Argost, Oscar Gonzalez de, '. Dios, J. Aracil, Emilio Vargas
In this paper we present a novel adaptive routing strategy for OBS networks aimed at balancing global network load, in order to reduce overall burst loss probability. This strategy dynamically balances load in the output links of core nodes according to local congestion information. The results provided show a significant reduction in the load imbalancement of the links in the network, as well as a lower burst loss probability.
{"title":"Adaptive Multi-Path Routing for OBS Networks","authors":"Carlos Garcia Argost, Oscar Gonzalez de, '. Dios, J. Aracil, Emilio Vargas","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296303","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a novel adaptive routing strategy for OBS networks aimed at balancing global network load, in order to reduce overall burst loss probability. This strategy dynamically balances load in the output links of core nodes according to local congestion information. The results provided show a significant reduction in the load imbalancement of the links in the network, as well as a lower burst loss probability.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122311810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296385
A. Antończak, M. Matysiak, J. Sotor, K. Abramski
In this paper we demonstrated blue laser generation at 473 nm in a BiB3O6 crystal at Type I phase matching performed with a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. For 1 W pump power output power of 20 mW at 473 nm has been obtained using a 5 mm long BiBO crystal.
{"title":"Diode Pumped Compact Nd:YAG/BiBO Blue Laser at 473 nm","authors":"A. Antończak, M. Matysiak, J. Sotor, K. Abramski","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296385","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we demonstrated blue laser generation at 473 nm in a BiB3O6 crystal at Type I phase matching performed with a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. For 1 W pump power output power of 20 mW at 473 nm has been obtained using a 5 mm long BiBO crystal.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116363605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296308
Huhnkuk Lim, Jubeom Kim, C. Oh
In the optical packet switch (OPS) with the hybrid buffer for contention resolution of asynchronous and variable length packets, the optimum numbers of tunable wavelength converters (TWCs) and internal wavelengths is, for the first time, presented for reducing switch cost. The hybrid buffer was addressed, to reduce packet loss further as one of the alternative buffer structures for contention resolution of asynchronous and variable length packets, which consists of the FDL buffer and the electronic buffer. To optimize TWCs and internal wavelengths related to design cost of the OPS with the hybrid buffer, we proposed a scheduling algorithm for the hybrid buffer with the limited TWCs and internal wavelengths. For the fully shared TWC structure, the optimum numbers of TWCs and internal wavelengths to guarantee minimum packet loss are evaluated to prevent resource waste under the hybrid buffer. Under a given load, TWCs and internal wavelengths could be significantly reduced, guaranteeing the same packet loss as the performance of the hybrid buffer structured OPS with more number of TWCs and internal wavelengths.
{"title":"Hybrid Buffer Structured Optical Packet Switch with the Optimum Numbers of Tunable Wavelength Converters and Internal Wavelengths","authors":"Huhnkuk Lim, Jubeom Kim, C. Oh","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296308","url":null,"abstract":"In the optical packet switch (OPS) with the hybrid buffer for contention resolution of asynchronous and variable length packets, the optimum numbers of tunable wavelength converters (TWCs) and internal wavelengths is, for the first time, presented for reducing switch cost. The hybrid buffer was addressed, to reduce packet loss further as one of the alternative buffer structures for contention resolution of asynchronous and variable length packets, which consists of the FDL buffer and the electronic buffer. To optimize TWCs and internal wavelengths related to design cost of the OPS with the hybrid buffer, we proposed a scheduling algorithm for the hybrid buffer with the limited TWCs and internal wavelengths. For the fully shared TWC structure, the optimum numbers of TWCs and internal wavelengths to guarantee minimum packet loss are evaluated to prevent resource waste under the hybrid buffer. Under a given load, TWCs and internal wavelengths could be significantly reduced, guaranteeing the same packet loss as the performance of the hybrid buffer structured OPS with more number of TWCs and internal wavelengths.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127039240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296265
T. Cinkler, J. Szigeti, L. Gyarmati
The Internet consists of a collection of more than 21000 domains called Autonomous Systems (AS) operated mostly under different authorities (operators/providers) that although co-operate over different geographical areas, they compete in a country or other area. Today BGP is the de facto standard for exchanging reachability information over the domain boundaries and for inter-domain routing. The GMPLS controlled optical beared networks are expected to have similar architecture, however, more information has to be carried for TE, resilience and QoS purposes. Therefore, extensions of BGP and of PNNI as well as the PCE have been proposed. Still in all cases emerges the question of protection shareability. For dedicated protection it is enough to know the topology of the network to be able to calculate disjoint paths. However, to be able to perform sharing of protection resources (shared protection) it is not enough to know the topology, but it is mandatory to know exact working and protection path pairs for all the demands, since protection paths can share a certain resource only if there is no such a pair of working paths that contain any element from the same Shared Risk Group (SRG). This can be checked within a domain where the full topology and link-state information is flooded, however, over the domain boundaries for security and scalability reasons no such information is being spread. In this paper we propose using two techniques that do not require flooding the information on working and protection paths while they still allow sharing of resources. These two techniques are the Multi-Domain p- Cycles (MD-PC) and the Multi-Domain Multi-Path Routing with Protection (MD-MPP). After explaining the principles of these methods we give illustrative results.
{"title":"Multi-Domain Resilience: Can I Share Protection Resources with my Competitors?","authors":"T. Cinkler, J. Szigeti, L. Gyarmati","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296265","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet consists of a collection of more than 21000 domains called Autonomous Systems (AS) operated mostly under different authorities (operators/providers) that although co-operate over different geographical areas, they compete in a country or other area. Today BGP is the de facto standard for exchanging reachability information over the domain boundaries and for inter-domain routing. The GMPLS controlled optical beared networks are expected to have similar architecture, however, more information has to be carried for TE, resilience and QoS purposes. Therefore, extensions of BGP and of PNNI as well as the PCE have been proposed. Still in all cases emerges the question of protection shareability. For dedicated protection it is enough to know the topology of the network to be able to calculate disjoint paths. However, to be able to perform sharing of protection resources (shared protection) it is not enough to know the topology, but it is mandatory to know exact working and protection path pairs for all the demands, since protection paths can share a certain resource only if there is no such a pair of working paths that contain any element from the same Shared Risk Group (SRG). This can be checked within a domain where the full topology and link-state information is flooded, however, over the domain boundaries for security and scalability reasons no such information is being spread. In this paper we propose using two techniques that do not require flooding the information on working and protection paths while they still allow sharing of resources. These two techniques are the Multi-Domain p- Cycles (MD-PC) and the Multi-Domain Multi-Path Routing with Protection (MD-MPP). After explaining the principles of these methods we give illustrative results.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133574863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296198
J. Misiewicz, G. Sȩk, R. Kudrawiec, M. Motyka
We have presented two contactless modes of electromodulation spectroscopy as tools for detailed nondestructive characterization of low dimensional semiconductor device structures. Several examples have been shown for different solutions of the laser structures for applications in 1.3 - 1.55 mum telecommunication range. The ways for determining their fundamental properties which are related then to the device parameters have been discussed.
{"title":"Electromodulation-Absorption Type Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Structures Applied in Telecommunication Lasers","authors":"J. Misiewicz, G. Sȩk, R. Kudrawiec, M. Motyka","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296198","url":null,"abstract":"We have presented two contactless modes of electromodulation spectroscopy as tools for detailed nondestructive characterization of low dimensional semiconductor device structures. Several examples have been shown for different solutions of the laser structures for applications in 1.3 - 1.55 mum telecommunication range. The ways for determining their fundamental properties which are related then to the device parameters have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127136594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296384
A. Waz, P. Kaczmarek, K. Abramski
The paper describes our measurement of scattered light for multipoint laser-fiber vibrometry. We use the coherent radiation in the 1550 nm range and we adopted WDM technique for multiwavelength operation. It allows to apply 3-point measurements of vibrating object to establish 3D vibration. This paper describes three fiber-free space configurations in order to establish the best detection conditions.
{"title":"Detection of Scattered Light in Fiber - Free Space - Object Configurations","authors":"A. Waz, P. Kaczmarek, K. Abramski","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296384","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes our measurement of scattered light for multipoint laser-fiber vibrometry. We use the coherent radiation in the 1550 nm range and we adopted WDM technique for multiwavelength operation. It allows to apply 3-point measurements of vibrating object to establish 3D vibration. This paper describes three fiber-free space configurations in order to establish the best detection conditions.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"433 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130417255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296298
T. Berceli, E. Udvary
The wireless indoor communication system applying an optical transparent backbone provides an economic and flexible approach for local area networks in office buildings. The performance of the system is enhanced by assigning specific subcarriers for the individual picocells which enables the transmission of the wireless channels without altering their modulation format. This method allows for a simple, and low-cost communication system. Cascadability is critically important, because several electrical subcarriers are transmitted on the same optical signal. It is shown by numerical simulation and measurement that SOA modulator provides acceptable nonlinear distortion for SubCarrier multiplexed telecommunication systems. It demand more advanced amplifier-modulator working state planning. The temperature and the optical reflection have also important role in linearity.
{"title":"Indoor Communications Applying an Optical Backbone","authors":"T. Berceli, E. Udvary","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296298","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless indoor communication system applying an optical transparent backbone provides an economic and flexible approach for local area networks in office buildings. The performance of the system is enhanced by assigning specific subcarriers for the individual picocells which enables the transmission of the wireless channels without altering their modulation format. This method allows for a simple, and low-cost communication system. Cascadability is critically important, because several electrical subcarriers are transmitted on the same optical signal. It is shown by numerical simulation and measurement that SOA modulator provides acceptable nonlinear distortion for SubCarrier multiplexed telecommunication systems. It demand more advanced amplifier-modulator working state planning. The temperature and the optical reflection have also important role in linearity.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130705258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296061
J. Bruns, T. Mitze, L. Zimmermann, K. Voigt, M. Schnarrenberger, K. Petermann
An optical board technology consisting of SOI (silicon-on-insulator) based rib-waveguides and hybrid integration of active III/V components is presented. The use of SOI as the material base for an optical motherboard offers specific advantages, such as well know processing using standard equipment for board fabrication. Examples for the application of our board and waveguide technology are given. The board technology is introduced by presenting an optical transmitter for C-WDM transmission. It consists of four discrete lasers, which are multiplexed using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). The waveguide technology is presented by discussing an DPSK-receiver chip, combining advanced waveguide technology with a very well controlled birefringence of the component.
{"title":"An Optical Board Approach Based on SOI (silicon-on-insulator)","authors":"J. Bruns, T. Mitze, L. Zimmermann, K. Voigt, M. Schnarrenberger, K. Petermann","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296061","url":null,"abstract":"An optical board technology consisting of SOI (silicon-on-insulator) based rib-waveguides and hybrid integration of active III/V components is presented. The use of SOI as the material base for an optical motherboard offers specific advantages, such as well know processing using standard equipment for board fabrication. Examples for the application of our board and waveguide technology are given. The board technology is introduced by presenting an optical transmitter for C-WDM transmission. It consists of four discrete lasers, which are multiplexed using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). The waveguide technology is presented by discussing an DPSK-receiver chip, combining advanced waveguide technology with a very well controlled birefringence of the component.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116774716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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