Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296380
Jonathan R. Pugh, I. Buss, Geoffrey R. Nash, Tim Ashley, Anthony Krier, M. Cryan, J. G. Rarity
This paper presents 2D FDTD modelling of a disk resonator that could be used as a disk laser. Results are shown for mode spacing and good agreement with a simple Whispering Gallery Mode model is observed. The influence of direct coupled waveguides on modal behaviour is studied and a large reduction in cavity Q is observed.
{"title":"FDTD Modelling of Mid Infrared Disk Lasers","authors":"Jonathan R. Pugh, I. Buss, Geoffrey R. Nash, Tim Ashley, Anthony Krier, M. Cryan, J. G. Rarity","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296380","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents 2D FDTD modelling of a disk resonator that could be used as a disk laser. Results are shown for mode spacing and good agreement with a simple Whispering Gallery Mode model is observed. The influence of direct coupled waveguides on modal behaviour is studied and a large reduction in cavity Q is observed.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115380969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296019
W. Rosenkranz, J. Leibrich, M. Serbay, A. Ali
Based on the demand for transmission technologies offering high ratio of bits per symbol, two promising candidates to achieve a data rate of 100 Gb/s per optical carrier are discussed, namely optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and 16-ary multilevel modulation.
{"title":"Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and other Advanced Options to achieve 100Gb/s Ethernet Transmission","authors":"W. Rosenkranz, J. Leibrich, M. Serbay, A. Ali","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296019","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the demand for transmission technologies offering high ratio of bits per symbol, two promising candidates to achieve a data rate of 100 Gb/s per optical carrier are discussed, namely optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and 16-ary multilevel modulation.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114239720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296369
V. Astratov, S. Yang, S. Lam, B. Jones, D. Sanvitto, D. Whittaker, A. M. Fox, M. S. Skolnick, A. Tahraoui, P. Fry, M. Hopkinson
We observed whispering gallery resonances (WGMs) in semiconductor micropillars by employing geometry in which both excitation and collection of emission is in a direction normal to the sidewall surface of the pillars. The spectral positions of the peaks are found to be in a good agreement with the results of numerical modeling performed by finite difference time domain technique. The quality factors of WGMs (Q ~ 20000 for the 4-5 mum circular pillars) are found to be well in excess of Q-factors for the low k-vector "photonic dot" states measured from the same pillars. Due to high Q-factors and small modal volumes ~0.3 mum3 such WGM resonances can be used in cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments.
{"title":"High-Quality-Factor WG Modes in Semiconductor Microcavity Pillars with Circular and Elliptical Cross Section","authors":"V. Astratov, S. Yang, S. Lam, B. Jones, D. Sanvitto, D. Whittaker, A. M. Fox, M. S. Skolnick, A. Tahraoui, P. Fry, M. Hopkinson","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296369","url":null,"abstract":"We observed whispering gallery resonances (WGMs) in semiconductor micropillars by employing geometry in which both excitation and collection of emission is in a direction normal to the sidewall surface of the pillars. The spectral positions of the peaks are found to be in a good agreement with the results of numerical modeling performed by finite difference time domain technique. The quality factors of WGMs (Q ~ 20000 for the 4-5 mum circular pillars) are found to be well in excess of Q-factors for the low k-vector \"photonic dot\" states measured from the same pillars. Due to high Q-factors and small modal volumes ~0.3 mum3 such WGM resonances can be used in cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114486003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296125
D. Gerace, L. Andreani, M. Belotti, M. Galli, M. Liscidini, M. Patrini, A. Politi, A. Canino, A. Irrera, R. Lo Savio, M. Miritello, F. Priolo, Y. Chen
We present experimental measurements on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic crystal slabs with an active layer containing Er3+ ions-doped silicon nanoclusters (Si-nc), showing strong enhancement of 1.54 mum emission at room temperature. We provide a systematic theoretical analysis to interpret such results. In order to get further insight, we discuss experimental data on the guided luminescence of unpatterned SOI planar slot waveguides, which show enhanced light emission in transverse-magnetic (TM) modes over transverse-electric (TE) ones.
{"title":"Enhanced Light Emission in Active Silicon-on-Insulator Photonic Crystal Slabs and Slot Waveguides","authors":"D. Gerace, L. Andreani, M. Belotti, M. Galli, M. Liscidini, M. Patrini, A. Politi, A. Canino, A. Irrera, R. Lo Savio, M. Miritello, F. Priolo, Y. Chen","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296125","url":null,"abstract":"We present experimental measurements on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic crystal slabs with an active layer containing Er3+ ions-doped silicon nanoclusters (Si-nc), showing strong enhancement of 1.54 mum emission at room temperature. We provide a systematic theoretical analysis to interpret such results. In order to get further insight, we discuss experimental data on the guided luminescence of unpatterned SOI planar slot waveguides, which show enhanced light emission in transverse-magnetic (TM) modes over transverse-electric (TE) ones.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116734974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296411
J. Gerdes
In this paper a novel combination of time domain and frequency domain analysis of optical waveguides using the method of lines and the discrete Fourier transform is presented. The hybrid algorithm is applied to propagation analysis in multimode optical waveguides. In extension of the existing method of lines analysis in the literature the algorithm allows the inclusion of time dependent effects, e.g. pulse broadening , incoherent optical sources with finite spectrum , time interference of modes and noise into the propagation analysis of optical waveguides. By using a combination of discrete Fourier transform and the method of lines an efficient algorithm is achieved which is ideally suited to the analysis of time periodic optical pulse propagation in long waveguide structures. Thus the analysis of time dependent pulse propagation in multimode waveguide structures with lengths up to kilometers and with more than thousand modes can be done on a standard personal computer.
{"title":"Hybrid Time-Frequency Domain Eigenmode Propagation Analysis of Optical Waveguides Based on the Method of Lines","authors":"J. Gerdes","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296411","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel combination of time domain and frequency domain analysis of optical waveguides using the method of lines and the discrete Fourier transform is presented. The hybrid algorithm is applied to propagation analysis in multimode optical waveguides. In extension of the existing method of lines analysis in the literature the algorithm allows the inclusion of time dependent effects, e.g. pulse broadening , incoherent optical sources with finite spectrum , time interference of modes and noise into the propagation analysis of optical waveguides. By using a combination of discrete Fourier transform and the method of lines an efficient algorithm is achieved which is ideally suited to the analysis of time periodic optical pulse propagation in long waveguide structures. Thus the analysis of time dependent pulse propagation in multimode waveguide structures with lengths up to kilometers and with more than thousand modes can be done on a standard personal computer.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115009661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296363
N. Sakhnenko, Alexander Nerukh
In this paper we consider circular cavity consisting of a set of concentric rings with time varying dielectric permittivity. We explore how the transients evolve from the complex interaction of reflections occurring at the multiple dielectric interfaces. A closed form solution is obtained for the electric field component by applying the Laplace transform directly to the wave equation and enforcing the corresponding initial and boundary conditions.
{"title":"Early Time Fields in Stratified Microdisk Resonators with Time Discontinuity in Permittivity","authors":"N. Sakhnenko, Alexander Nerukh","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296363","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider circular cavity consisting of a set of concentric rings with time varying dielectric permittivity. We explore how the transients evolve from the complex interaction of reflections occurring at the multiple dielectric interfaces. A closed form solution is obtained for the electric field component by applying the Laplace transform directly to the wave equation and enforcing the corresponding initial and boundary conditions.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124486383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296022
M. Forzati
At bit rates of the order of 40 Gb/s, on-off keying (OOK) transmission becomes severely impaired by non-linear effects, especially Intra-channel Four-Wave Mixing (IFWM). This paper reviews phase modulation techniques for the suppression of IFWM: in the Alternate-Phase Return-to-Zero (APRZ) and Pairwise APRZ (PAPRZ), the phase of the optical signal alternates between neighbouring bits or pairs of bits. APRZ and PAPRZ achieve increased non-linear tolerance by causing different IFWM contributions to interfere destructively, when proper phase-alternation amplitude is applied. In another technique, Asynchronous Phase Modulation (APM), the phase of the optical signal is modulated by an independent clock signal, at a frequency lower than the bit rate. APM achieves increased non-linear tolerance by a combination of destructive interference of IFWM contributions and suppression of the frequency-matching condition for the build-up of IFWM, when phase modulation with proper amplitude and frequency is applied. The effectiveness of the techniques is verified in a number of numerical simulations and experiments.
{"title":"Phase Modulation Techniques for On-Off Keying Transmission","authors":"M. Forzati","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296022","url":null,"abstract":"At bit rates of the order of 40 Gb/s, on-off keying (OOK) transmission becomes severely impaired by non-linear effects, especially Intra-channel Four-Wave Mixing (IFWM). This paper reviews phase modulation techniques for the suppression of IFWM: in the Alternate-Phase Return-to-Zero (APRZ) and Pairwise APRZ (PAPRZ), the phase of the optical signal alternates between neighbouring bits or pairs of bits. APRZ and PAPRZ achieve increased non-linear tolerance by causing different IFWM contributions to interfere destructively, when proper phase-alternation amplitude is applied. In another technique, Asynchronous Phase Modulation (APM), the phase of the optical signal is modulated by an independent clock signal, at a frequency lower than the bit rate. APM achieves increased non-linear tolerance by a combination of destructive interference of IFWM contributions and suppression of the frequency-matching condition for the build-up of IFWM, when phase modulation with proper amplitude and frequency is applied. The effectiveness of the techniques is verified in a number of numerical simulations and experiments.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124868026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296065
D. Noordegraaf, M. Lorenzen, C. V. Nielsen, K. Rottwitt
Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPA's) are attractive components in future optical networks. Not only do they provide amplification, they also offer additional functionalities such as wavelength conversion, demultiplexing, and signal regeneration. The pump power in a FOPA is currently limited due to Brillouin scattering (BS). There are several ways to reduce the impact of BS, including phase modulation of the pump source and novel fiber types. In this paper we demonstrate the impact of BS on the gain of a FOPA.
{"title":"Brillouin Scattering in Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers","authors":"D. Noordegraaf, M. Lorenzen, C. V. Nielsen, K. Rottwitt","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296065","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPA's) are attractive components in future optical networks. Not only do they provide amplification, they also offer additional functionalities such as wavelength conversion, demultiplexing, and signal regeneration. The pump power in a FOPA is currently limited due to Brillouin scattering (BS). There are several ways to reduce the impact of BS, including phase modulation of the pump source and novel fiber types. In this paper we demonstrate the impact of BS on the gain of a FOPA.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"53-54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123009870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296394
G. Manzacca, K. Hingerl, G. Cincotti
We present an all-optical switch based on joint effects of dipole induced transparency (DIT) and electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT), that forbids the transparency induced by a dipole in an add-drop filter due to the vacuum Rabi shifting. The switching speed is very high, since only quantum interference between probe and pump signals is involved.
{"title":"Ultra Fast Switching by Controlling Rabi Splitting","authors":"G. Manzacca, K. Hingerl, G. Cincotti","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296394","url":null,"abstract":"We present an all-optical switch based on joint effects of dipole induced transparency (DIT) and electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT), that forbids the transparency induced by a dipole in an add-drop filter due to the vacuum Rabi shifting. The switching speed is very high, since only quantum interference between probe and pump signals is involved.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122055624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296373
G. Abaeiani, V. Ahmadi, K. Saghafi
Analytical models for bandwidth and bandwidth-efficiency product (BEP) of microring waveguide photodetectors (MRWPDs) are presented. In addition to carrier transport and charging processes, the photon lifetime effect is included in the bandwidth model. This effect is characterized by the ODB of microring resonators. It is shown that the short cavities and partially overcoupled structures are suitable for very high speed photodetection. Meanwhile, photon lifetime can be set to obtain terahertz selective photodetectors. Also, a novel CMOS compatible silicon MRWPD is introduced and its high speed performance is investigated. It is shown this photodetector can provide BEP in order of several tens gigahertz even with very low absorption and low volume (about 2 mum3) active regions.
{"title":"Microring-Based Resonant Cavity Waveguide Photodetectors for WDM Optical Systems","authors":"G. Abaeiani, V. Ahmadi, K. Saghafi","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2007.4296373","url":null,"abstract":"Analytical models for bandwidth and bandwidth-efficiency product (BEP) of microring waveguide photodetectors (MRWPDs) are presented. In addition to carrier transport and charging processes, the photon lifetime effect is included in the bandwidth model. This effect is characterized by the ODB of microring resonators. It is shown that the short cavities and partially overcoupled structures are suitable for very high speed photodetection. Meanwhile, photon lifetime can be set to obtain terahertz selective photodetectors. Also, a novel CMOS compatible silicon MRWPD is introduced and its high speed performance is investigated. It is shown this photodetector can provide BEP in order of several tens gigahertz even with very low absorption and low volume (about 2 mum3) active regions.","PeriodicalId":265478,"journal":{"name":"2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125209637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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