Cement and Concrete Research最新文献_第3页

A high-efficiency neuroevolution potential for tobermorite and calcium silicate hydrate systems with ab initio accuracy 一个高效神经进化潜力的托贝莫来石和水合硅酸钙系统从头算的准确性

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108091

Xiao Xu , Shijie Wang , Haifeng Qin , Zhiqiang Zhao , Zheyong Fan , Zhuhua Zhang , Hang Yin

Tobermorite and Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) systems are indispensable cement materials but still lack a satisfactory interatomic potential with both high accuracy and high computational efficiency for better understanding their mechanical performance. Here, we develop a Neuroevolution Machine Learning Potential (NEP) with Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark hybrid framework for tobermorite and C-S-H systems, which conveys unprecedented efficiency in molecular dynamics simulations with substantially reduced training datasets. Our NEP model achieves prediction accuracy comparable to DFT calculations using just around 400 training structures, significantly fewer than other existing machine learning potentials trained for tobermorite. Critically, the GPU-accelerated NEP computations enable scalable simulations of large tobermorite systems, reaching several thousand atoms per GPU card with high efficiency. We demonstrate the NEP's versatility by accurately predicting mechanical properties, phonon density of states, and thermal conductivity of tobermorite. Furthermore, we extend the NEP application to large-scale simulations of amorphous C-S-H, highlighting its potential for comprehensive analysis of structural and mechanical behaviors under various realistic conditions.

托贝莫来石和水合硅酸钙（C-S-H）体系是不可缺少的水泥材料，但仍缺乏令人满意的高精度和高计算效率的原子间势，以更好地了解它们的力学性能。在这里，我们为tobermorite和C-S-H系统开发了一个基于Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark混合框架的神经进化机器学习潜力（NEP），它在分子动力学模拟中具有前所未有的效率，大大减少了训练数据集。我们的NEP模型使用大约400个训练结构实现了与DFT计算相当的预测精度，明显少于其他现有的用于托贝莫里石训练的机器学习潜力。关键的是，GPU加速的NEP计算使大型tobermorite系统的可扩展模拟成为可能，每个GPU卡可以高效地达到数千个原子。我们通过准确预测tobermorite的力学性能、声子密度和导热性来证明NEP的多功能性。此外，我们将NEP应用扩展到非晶C-S-H的大规模模拟，突出了其在各种现实条件下综合分析结构和力学行为的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Development of metakaolin-enhanced alkali-activated portland cement for high-temperature applications 高温偏高岭土增强碱活化硅酸盐水泥的研制

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108088

Pavlo Kryvenko , Igor Rudenko , Oleksandr Konstantynovskyi , Vladyslav Onatii

Introducing metakaolin and sodium water glass (silicate modulus – 2.8, density – 1100...1250 kg/m³) to ordinary portland cement (OPC) caused fundamental changes to the hydration products, forming ones from Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-H₂O system and enhancing heat resistance. The setting times of metakaolin-containing alkali-activated portland cement were rather short. The increased heat resistance of this cement compared to OPC was shown, which is due to no rehydration of CaO, formed during the dehydration of Ca(OH)₂, and recrystallization of zeolite-like phase of hydronepheline Na₂O·Al₂O₃·2SiO₂·2H₂O into nepheline Na₂O·Al₂O₃·2SiO₂ without structural destruction. The recrystallization of C-A-S-H phases during sintering into gehlenite 2CaO·Al₂O₃·SiO₂ contributed to a higher structure fragmentation while its self-reinforcement. These processes resulted in an increase in residual strength to 58.6…122.1 %. The mortar based on the designed cement was characterized by compressive strength ≥30 MPa, residual strength ≥70 %, and thermal shrinkage ≤5 % at temperatures up to 1000 °C.

引进偏高岭土和水玻璃钠(硅酸盐模量- 2.8，密度- 1100…1250 kg/m3)转化为普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC），使水化产物发生根本性变化，形成Na₂- cao - sio₂-Al₂O₃-H₂O体系水化产物，提高了耐热性。偏高岭土碱活化硅酸盐水泥的凝结时间较短。与OPC相比，该水泥的耐热性有所提高，这是由于Ca(OH)2脱水过程中形成的CaO没有再水化，并且水辉石Na2O·Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O的沸石样相重结晶为霞辉石Na2O·Al2O3·2SiO2而没有结构破坏。在烧结成2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2的过程中，C-A-S-H相的再结晶导致了较高的结构破碎和自增强。这些工艺使残余强度提高到58.6% ~ 122.1%。设计的水泥砂浆在高达1000℃的温度下，抗压强度≥30 MPa，残余强度≥70%，热收缩≤5%。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the temperature effect on air bubble behavior in belite-rich cement systems 富白石水泥体系中温度对气泡行为的影响

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108087

Jing Xie , Xuanhan Zhang , Xiang Hu , Zemei Wu , Caijun Shi

This study comprehensively investigates the mechanism by which temperature (5–40 °C) affects the air bubble behavior in belite-rich cement (BRC), comparing with portland cement (PC) system. Key factors, including surface tension, ionic strength, internal matrix temperature, viscosity, and cement particle-bubble/SDS interactions, were analyzed. Bubble generation efficiency in pore solution was enhanced with temperature due to reduced surface tension and increased ionic strength. Relational degree between initial bubble volume and ionic strength (0.8938) was higher than that with surface tension (0.7018) in pore solution. A “critical temperature” (CT) governed bubble drainage, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening. For BRC concrete, increasing temperature below CT of 26 °C enhanced bubble stability by strengthening viscosity and particle-bubble interactions, thereby lowering spacing factor. Above CT, excessive heat caused bubble expansion/rupture, increasing spacing factor. Notably, as indicated by its higher CT, BRC exhibited inferior low-temperature (≤12 °C) stability compared to PC but superior high-temperature stability.

本研究全面探讨了温度（5-40℃）对富白石水泥（BRC）和硅酸盐水泥（PC）体系中气泡行为的影响机制。分析了关键因素，包括表面张力、离子强度、内部基体温度、粘度和水泥颗粒-气泡/SDS相互作用。由于表面张力的降低和离子强度的增加，孔隙溶液中的气泡生成效率随着温度的升高而提高。孔隙溶液中初始气泡体积与离子强度（0.8938）的关联度高于与表面张力（0.7018）的关联度。“临界温度”（CT）控制着气泡的排水、聚并和奥斯特瓦尔德成熟。对于BRC混凝土，将温度提高到26℃以下，通过增强粘度和颗粒-气泡相互作用来增强气泡稳定性，从而降低间距系数。连续油管以上，过热导致气泡膨胀/破裂，增大间距系数。值得注意的是，从其较高的CT可以看出，BRC的低温稳定性（≤12°C）不如PC，但高温稳定性优于PC。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical study on carbonation of blast-furnace slag concrete considering the microstructural evolution 考虑微观结构演化的高炉矿渣混凝土碳化试验与数值研究

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108084

Liang-yu Tong , Qing-feng Liu , Elke Gruyaert , Natalia Mariel Alderete , Qing-xiang Xiong , Nele De Belie

Replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by blast-furnace slag (BFS) modifies the durability behaviour of concrete. Combined with the experimental tests, this study proposes a comprehensive framework for modelling carbonation in BFS concrete, integrating hydration, transport-reactive, and diffusivity predictive modules. The framework enables synchronized iterations between chemical reaction modelling and transport processes considering microstructural evolution over time. Each module is validated against prior experimental data, including the volume fraction of hydration products, trend-based diffusivities and carbonation depths. Compared with model that neglect microstructural evolution, this framework, which considers altered compositional profiles after hydration and dynamically adjusts transport properties in response to microstructural changes during carbonation, yields higher predictive accuracy. Results indicate that carbonation resistance in BFS concrete improves with extended curing durations due to more complete hydration and a denser microstructure. Conversely, higher BFS replacement levels reduce the concrete's CO₂ buffering capacity and increase gas diffusivity after carbonation, finally accelerating carbonation. Parametric analysis further identifies an optimal relative humidity range for BFS concrete at approximately 30 %–60 %, and rising CO₂ concentrations increase carbonation depth. This innovative approach not only improves the accuracy of carbonation predictions but also serves as a valuable tool for optimizing the durability and hence sustainability of BFS-based construction materials.

用高炉矿渣（BFS）替代普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC）可以改变混凝土的耐久性。结合实验测试，本研究提出了一个综合框架来模拟BFS混凝土中的碳化，整合水化，运输反应和扩散预测模块。考虑到微观结构随时间的演变，该框架使化学反应建模和输运过程之间的同步迭代成为可能。每个模块都根据先前的实验数据进行验证，包括水化产物的体积分数、基于趋势的扩散系数和碳化深度。与忽略微观结构演化的模型相比，该框架考虑了水化后组分的变化，并根据碳化过程中微观结构的变化动态调整输运性质，具有更高的预测精度。结果表明，BFS混凝土的抗碳化性能随着养护时间的延长而提高，因为其水化更完全，微观结构更致密。相反，更高的BFS替换水平降低了混凝土的CO₂缓冲能力，增加了碳化后的气体扩散率，最终加速了碳化。参数分析进一步确定了BFS混凝土的最佳相对湿度范围约为30% - 60%，二氧化碳浓度的上升会增加碳化深度。这种创新的方法不仅提高了碳化预测的准确性，而且是优化基于bfs的建筑材料的耐久性和可持续性的有价值的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Can iron-doped calcium aluminates activate ternesite hydration? 掺铁铝酸钙能激活铁镁石水化吗？

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108085

Yangrui Li , Yanfei Yue , Jueshi Qian , Yun Bai

The hydration inertness of ternesite (C₅S₂Š) is the primary barrier to the promotion of Ternesite-Ye'elimite Cement (TYC). This study investigated the potential of iron-doped calcium aluminates to activate the hydration of TYC systems, with particular focus on their roles in enhancing the reactivity of C₅S₂Š. Three types of calcium aluminates, viz. orthorhombic ye'elimite (C₄A₃Š), iron-doped cubic ye'elimite (C₄(A,F)₃Š) and ferrite (C₄AF), as well as C₅S₂Š were synthesized in the laboratory. These four minerals, and three blends formulated by mixing each calcium aluminate with C₅S₂Š, were mixed with water to obtain a total of seven paste mixtures. Their hydration processes were examined using ICC, XRD, FT-IR, TG, and pore solution chemistry analysis to elucidate the influence of iron-doped calcium aluminates (C₄(A,F)₃Š and C₄AF) on the hydration reactivity of C₅S₂Š and the corresponding mechanisms. Results show that C₄(A,F)₃Š significantly enhanced the hydration reactivity of C₅S₂Š by providing reactive amorphous (A,F)H₃ to consume gypsum from the hydration of C₅S₂Š. Evidently, iron doping exhibited a gypsum-like acceleration effect on the hydration of C₅S₂Š + C₄(A,F)₃Š system, albeit through a distinct chemical pathway. However, C₄AF demonstrated quite limited effect on the C₅S₂Š + C₄AF system, due to the gradual formation of a gel layer on the C₄AF surface that restricted further hydration.

钛钙石的水化惰性（C5S2Š）是阻碍钛钙石-叶基水泥（TYC）推广的主要障碍。本研究研究了铁掺杂铝酸钙激活TYC体系水化的潜力，特别关注了它们在增强C5S2Š反应性方面的作用。在实验室合成了正交铝酸钙（C4A3Š）、掺铁立方铝酸钙（C4(A，F)3Š）和铁氧体（C4AF）以及C5S2Š三种类型的铝酸钙。将这四种矿物质和三种由每种铝酸钙与C5S2Š混合而成的混合物与水混合，得到总共七种糊状混合物。采用ICC、XRD、FT-IR、TG、孔溶液化学等方法对其水化过程进行了表征，阐明了铁掺杂铝酸钙（C4(A，F)3Š和C4AF）对C5S2Š水化反应性的影响及其机理。结果表明，C4(A，F)3Š通过提供活性无定形（A，F）H3来消耗C5S2Š水化过程中的石膏，显著提高了C5S2Š的水化反应活性。显然，铁掺杂对C5S2Š + C4(a，F)3Š体系的水化具有类似石膏的加速作用，尽管是通过不同的化学途径。然而，C4AF对C5S2Š + C4AF体系的影响非常有限，因为C4AF表面逐渐形成一层凝胶层，限制了进一步的水化。

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引用次数: 0

A novel defoaming technology for cement paste by using power ultrasound treatment 功率超声处理水泥浆体消泡新技术

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108072

Guangqi Xiong , Zheng Fang , Yuanliang Ren , Xiaolong Jia , Hongkuang Luo , Jiaxin Yang , Bo Ran , Shuai Zhou , Chong Wang

To address the limitations of conventional vibration in removing microbubbles from cement paste, this study introduces power ultrasound as a novel defoaming technology and investigates its effectiveness and mechanism. Experiments conducted at a water-to-cement ratio of 0.50, with or without air-entraining agents, and demonstrated that ultrasound treatment effectively eliminated microbubbles, as confirmed by ¹H NMR and FBRM analyses. Compared to controls, treated batches exhibited increases in compressive strength of 17.1 % and 7.3 % at 3 days, and 6.8 % and 3.8 % at 28 days. Modeling indicates that bubbles move towards the pressure node once ultrasound is applied, and whether bubble coalescence occurs is primarily governed by the secondary Bjerknes force. Coalesced bubbles will then rise due to increased buoyancy. These findings highlight the significant potential of power ultrasound as an innovative and efficient defoaming technology for cement-based materials, offering improved microstructure and mechanical performance.

为了解决常规振动去除水泥浆体微泡的局限性，本研究引入功率超声作为一种新型的消泡技术，并对其有效性和机理进行了研究。实验在水灰比为0.50时进行，有或没有引气剂，并证明超声处理有效地消除了微泡，经1H NMR和FBRM分析证实。与对照组相比，处理批次的抗压强度在3天分别增加了17.1%和7.3%，在28天分别增加了6.8%和3.8%。模拟结果表明，超声作用后气泡向压力节点移动，气泡是否聚并主要由次比约克内力决定。合并后的气泡由于浮力增加而上升。这些发现突出了功率超声作为一种创新和高效的水泥基材料消泡技术的巨大潜力，提供了改进的微观结构和机械性能。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic dissection of a sustainable cement alternative: A multiscale exploration of alkali-activated slag dissolution mechanisms 可持续水泥替代品的动态解剖：碱活化矿渣溶解机制的多尺度探索

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108074

Jiazhi Huang , Baomin Wang

The cement industry, contributing 8 % of global CO₂ emissions primarily through Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) production (∼0.8–1.0 t CO₂/t), urgently requires low-carbon alternatives. This study elucidates atomic-scale dissolution mechanisms in alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (AAS) via integrated experimental-computational analysis. First-principles simulations of 412-atom GGBS models reveal Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ leaching initiates through non-bridging oxygen bond cleavage (ICOHP = -0.18–0.58 eV), while Al³⁺/Si⁴⁺ release follows oligomer-mediated pathways. Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations quantify bond-breaking energy barriers (Al-O-Al: 5.26 < Si-O-Al: 15.51 < Si-O-Si: 38.93 kcal/mol), governed by frontier orbital energy gaps (ΔE = 1.53–2.03 eV). Reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations identify three dissolution stages: Na⁺-assisted ion leaching (0–1 ns, D = 3.40 × 10⁻⁷ m²/s), Al-O/Si-O network depolymerization (1–7 ns), and Ca-mediated calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) nucleation (7–30 ns). By modulating electronic structures to target these mechanisms, we achieve a 63 % carbon reduction compared to OPC. These findings establish design principles for next-generation GGBS-based cementitious materials, enabling scalable, low-carbon construction solutions with performance parity to conventional cement.

Synopsis

By transforming waste materials into valuable resources and reducing carbon emissions, we are paving the way for a more sustainable future.

水泥行业的二氧化碳排放量占全球的8%，主要是通过普通波特兰水泥（OPC）的生产（约0.8-1.0吨二氧化碳/吨），因此迫切需要低碳替代品。本研究通过实验与计算相结合的方法，阐明了碱活化磨粒高炉渣（AAS）的原子尺度溶解机理。412原子GGBS模型的第一原理模拟表明，Ca2+/Mg2+浸出是通过非桥接氧键裂解开始的（ICOHP = -0.18-0.58 eV），而Al3+/Si4+释放遵循寡聚物介导的途径。量子力学/分子力学（QM/MM）计算量化了由前沿轨道能隙（ΔE = 1.53-2.03 eV）控制的键断能垒（Al-O-Al: 5.26 < Si-O-Al: 15.51 < Si-O-Si: 38.93 kcal/mol）。反应分子动力学（MD）模拟确定了三个溶解阶段：Na+辅助离子浸出（0-1 ns, D = 3.40 × 10 - 7 m2/s）， Al-O/Si-O网络解聚（1-7 ns）和ca介导的水合铝硅酸钙（C-A-S-H）成核（7 - 30 ns）。通过调制电子结构来针对这些机制，与OPC相比，我们实现了63%的碳减排。这些发现为下一代基于ggbs的胶凝材料建立了设计原则，实现了可扩展的低碳施工解决方案，其性能与传统水泥相当。通过将废物转化为宝贵的资源和减少碳排放，我们正在为更可持续的未来铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing pore structure of white and ordinary Portland cement mortars with proton NMR longitudinal relaxometry 用质子核磁共振纵向弛豫法表征白硅酸盐水泥砂浆和普通硅酸盐水泥砂浆的孔隙结构

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108073

Jing Qiao , Yun Zhang , Huaming Liang , Jiangfeng Guo , Chunsheng Zhou

The multi-scale pore structure of cement-based materials (CBMs) holds the key to understanding their performance. Most traditional test methods, such as mercury intrusion porosimetry, require pre-drying, which significantly alters the nanoscale pore structure of CBMs. Although proton NMR transverse relaxometry works well for white CBMs, it fails for Portland CBMs due to the ambiguous effect of Fe₂O₃. To circumvent this effect, an improved longitudinal relaxometry is established based on a newly proposed method to determine longitudinal surface relaxivity. Experimental results show that the longitudinal relaxometry helps measure the porosities of white and Portland cement mortars (WMs and PMs) with good accuracy. The longitudinal surface relaxivity of PMs was measured as 1.84–2.10 nm/ms, which is comparable to the transverse relaxivity of WMs. According to these obtained pore size distribution curves of water-saturated mortars, their predicted water permeabilities agree well with experimentally measured values, which effectively validates the proposed longitudinal relaxometry.

水泥基材料的多尺度孔隙结构是理解水泥基材料性能的关键。大多数传统的测试方法，如压汞孔隙度法，都需要预干燥，这将显著改变煤层气的纳米级孔隙结构。虽然质子核磁共振横向弛豫法对白色CBMs效果很好，但由于Fe2O3的模糊效应，它对波特兰CBMs无效。为了避免这种影响，基于一种新提出的确定纵向表面弛豫度的方法，建立了一种改进的纵向弛豫法。实验结果表明，纵向弛豫法可以较准确地测量白水泥和硅酸盐水泥砂浆的孔隙率。测得pm的纵向表面弛豫为1.84 ~ 2.10 nm/ms，与WMs的横向弛豫相当。根据所得的饱和水砂浆孔隙尺寸分布曲线，预测的渗透率与实验测量值吻合较好，有效地验证了纵向松弛法的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

A mitigation strategy to improve workability of Na2CO3 or Na2SiO3 activated slag system: Supplementation of calcium salt 改善Na2CO3或Na2SiO3活性渣体系和易性的缓解策略：补充钙盐

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108068

Yue Zhang , Pan Feng , Runjie Li , Bo Liu , Lei Lei

Alkali-activated slag (AAS) using Na₂CO₃ or Na₂SiO₃ offers less corrosive alternatives to NaOH activation but suffers from severe workability limitations. To address this, we propose calcium supplementation strategy to counteract activator anion-induced Ca²⁺ depletion, the primary cause of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) dispersion failure. Through assessment of workability, hydration kinetics and strength development, the compatible PCE was identified as AA-7HPEG4.5. The optimal calcium supplementation was determined to be a molar ratio of 0.75 (Ca²⁺/CO₃²⁻) for the Na₂CO₃-AAS system and 1:1 (Ca²⁺/SiO₃²⁻) for the Na₂SiO₃-AAS system. These ratios achieved an optimal balance between workability requirements and mechanical performance. It is hypothesized that this mitigation strategy may extend to other PCEs capable of operating in Na₂CO₃ or Na₂SiO₃ systems, provided their dispersing power in NaOH-AAS remains sufficient. However, this extrapolation is pending further experimental validation.

使用Na2CO3或Na2SiO3的碱活化渣（AAS）比NaOH活化具有更小的腐蚀性，但存在严重的可加工性限制。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了补钙策略来抵消激活剂阴离子诱导的Ca2+耗竭，这是聚羧酸高效减水剂（PCE）分散失败的主要原因。通过和易性、水化动力学和强度发展的评价，确定相容PCE为AA-7HPEG4.5。Na2CO3-AAS体系的最佳补钙量为0.75 (Ca2+/CO32−)，Na2SiO3-AAS体系的最佳补钙量为1:1 （Ca2+/SiO32−）。这些比率在可加工性要求和机械性能之间达到了最佳平衡。假设这种缓解策略可以扩展到能够在Na2CO3或Na2SiO3体系中运行的其他pce，只要它们在NaOH-AAS中的分散能力仍然足够。然而，这一推断有待进一步的实验验证。

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引用次数: 0

Moisture content as controlling mechanism behind corrosion rate of steel in carbonated low-clinker binders 水分含量是控制碳化低熟料粘结剂中钢腐蚀速率的机制

IF 13.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement and Concrete Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108065

Lupesh Dudi, Shashank Bishnoi

Experiments were performed to study the corrosion kinetics of steel in carbonated Portland cement (PC) and four low-clinker binder (clinker replaced with fly-ash, slag, and calcined clay) mortars equilibrated at various relative humidity conditions. The results show that moisture content is the primary factor controlling the corrosion kinetics across all binder compositions, while pore structure connectivity and pore solution composition in carbonated binders are additional factors contributing to the higher corrosion rate observed in the low-clinker binders. In comparison to the PC, low-clinker binders have a higher

(C l^{-}) / (O H^{-})

and

(S O_{4}^{2 -}) / (O H^{-})

ratios (due to lower hydroxide ion concentration and release of chlorides and sulfates on carbonation), along with greater porosity and pore connectivity due to coarsening of pore structure after carbonation. Furthermore, the mechanism of corrosion rate-resistivity linear relationship in different carbonated binder compositions is explained based on corrosion rate per unit moisture content, pore solution compositions, and microstructure parameters.

实验研究了在不同相对湿度条件下，钢在碳化硅酸盐水泥（PC）和四种低熟料粘结剂（熟料由粉煤灰、矿渣和煅烧粘土代替）砂浆中的腐蚀动力学。结果表明，在所有粘结剂中，水分含量是控制腐蚀动力学的主要因素，而碳化粘结剂中的孔隙结构连通性和孔隙溶液组成是导致低熟料粘结剂中较高腐蚀速率的附加因素。与PC相比，低熟料粘合剂具有更高的Cl - /OH -和SO42 - /OH -比率（由于碳化时氢氧化物离子浓度较低以及氯化物和硫酸盐的释放），并且由于碳化后孔隙结构变粗而具有更大的孔隙率和孔隙连通性。基于单位含水率腐蚀速率、孔隙溶液组成和微观结构参数，解释了不同碳化粘结剂组成下腐蚀速率-电阻率线性关系的机理。

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引用次数: 0