Ceramics International最新文献

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Phase evolution and sintering behavior of high-performance IGTO sputtering targets

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.418

Yongge Zhao , Wenyu Zhang , Xiaokai Liu , Hetao Zhao , Huiyu Zhang , Xina Liang , Yuanpei Yang , Jianhang Zhang , Benshuang Sun , Yang Liu , Xiaochao Wu , Jilin He

In-Ga-Sn-O (IGTO) targets are vital in preparing high-mobility IGTO thin film transistors. This study uses pressure slip casting and conventional sintering methods to prepare IGTO targets with three atomic ratios(IGTO-711 = 70:15:15, IGTO-712 = 70:10:20, IGTO-721 = 70:20:10 In:Ga:Sn at.%). With the increase of Ga content in the system, the phase composition of the IGTO targets changes from In₂O₃ and Ga_1.6In_6.4Sn₂O₁₆ to In₂O₃, Ga₂In₆Sn₂O₁₆ and GaInO₃. Their densification activation energy has been calculated using constant heating rate experiments. It shows that the activation energy is independent of the density in the relative density range of 0.70–0.85, and the activation energy is significantly affected by the ease of reaction of the physical phases. The densification activation energies of samples IGTO-711, IGTO-712 and IGTO-721 are 230.5 ± 42 kJ/mol, 926.4 ± 58 kJ/mol, 582.9 ± 52 kJ/mol, respectively. The presence of the GaInO₃ phase facilitates the densification process of IGTO targets. Ultimately, IGTO-712 targets with a relative density of 99.01 %, a resistivity of 0.42 mΩ cm, a microhardness of 1024.31 HV2, and a uniform grain size range of 3∼5 μm are achieved at 1450 °C for 20 h in an oxygen atmosphere.

{"title":"Phase evolution and sintering behavior of high-performance IGTO sputtering targets","authors":"Yongge Zhao , Wenyu Zhang , Xiaokai Liu , Hetao Zhao , Huiyu Zhang , Xina Liang , Yuanpei Yang , Jianhang Zhang , Benshuang Sun , Yang Liu , Xiaochao Wu , Jilin He","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In-Ga-Sn-O (IGTO) targets are vital in preparing high-mobility IGTO thin film transistors. This study uses pressure slip casting and conventional sintering methods to prepare IGTO targets with three atomic ratios(IGTO-711 = 70:15:15, IGTO-712 = 70:10:20, IGTO-721 = 70:20:10 In:Ga:Sn at.%). With the increase of Ga content in the system, the phase composition of the IGTO targets changes from In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Ga<sub>1.6</sub>In<sub>6.4</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>16</sub> to In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ga<sub>2</sub>In<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>16</sub> and GaInO<sub>3</sub>. Their densification activation energy has been calculated using constant heating rate experiments. It shows that the activation energy is independent of the density in the relative density range of 0.70–0.85, and the activation energy is significantly affected by the ease of reaction of the physical phases. The densification activation energies of samples IGTO-711, IGTO-712 and IGTO-721 are 230.5 ± 42 kJ/mol, 926.4 ± 58 kJ/mol, 582.9 ± 52 kJ/mol, respectively. The presence of the GaInO<sub>3</sub> phase facilitates the densification process of IGTO targets. Ultimately, IGTO-712 targets with a relative density of 99.01 %, a resistivity of 0.42 mΩ cm, a microhardness of 1024.31 HV2, and a uniform grain size range of 3∼5 μm are achieved at 1450 °C for 20 h in an oxygen atmosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 4428-4440"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143235378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics simulations on the structure and thermal property of SiO2/(LiCl-KCl) nanofluids for high temperature thermal energy storage

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.486

Heqing Tian , Wenguang Zhang , Zhaoyang Kou

Chloride salt is the most suitable heat transfer and storage medium for the next generation concentrated solar power generation, but its low thermal properties limit its large-scale application. Doping nanoparticles to form nanofluids is an important way to enhance the thermal properties of chloride salt. In this paper, molecular dynamics method is used to investigate the thermal properties of SiO₂/(LiCl-KCl) nanofluids such as density, viscosity and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the underlying strengthening mechanisms of nanoparticles on thermal properties of molten salt are also explored from the perspective of microstructure, energy and compress interface layers. The results show that the doped SiO₂ nanoparticles enhance the density, viscosity and thermal conductivity of molten salt. When the doping amount of SiO₂ nanoparticles is 6 wt%, the density, viscosity and thermal conductivity increase by an average of 1.22 %, 17.21 % and 6.30 %, respectively. The doped nanoparticles enhance the association between anions and cations, increase the collision frequency between ions and build a channel for heat transfer between nanoparticles and base salt ions, but weaken the diffusion ability of molten salt.

{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulations on the structure and thermal property of SiO2/(LiCl-KCl) nanofluids for high temperature thermal energy storage","authors":"Heqing Tian , Wenguang Zhang , Zhaoyang Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chloride salt is the most suitable heat transfer and storage medium for the next generation concentrated solar power generation, but its low thermal properties limit its large-scale application. Doping nanoparticles to form nanofluids is an important way to enhance the thermal properties of chloride salt. In this paper, molecular dynamics method is used to investigate the thermal properties of SiO<sub>2</sub>/(LiCl-KCl) nanofluids such as density, viscosity and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the underlying strengthening mechanisms of nanoparticles on thermal properties of molten salt are also explored from the perspective of microstructure, energy and compress interface layers. The results show that the doped SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles enhance the density, viscosity and thermal conductivity of molten salt. When the doping amount of SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles is 6 wt%, the density, viscosity and thermal conductivity increase by an average of 1.22 %, 17.21 % and 6.30 %, respectively. The doped nanoparticles enhance the association between anions and cations, increase the collision frequency between ions and build a channel for heat transfer between nanoparticles and base salt ions, but weaken the diffusion ability of molten salt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 5125-5134"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143235426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

K+-doped lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 nanocrystals Enable efficient blue emission and Ultra-stability

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.477

Ou Hai, Peng Li, Jian Li, Bin Qin, Tong Li, Zechuan Qi, Qiang Ren, Yuanting Wu

A new type of lead-free perovskite Cs₃Bi₂Br₉ nanocrystal (NCs) was synthesized by thermal injection method at 190 °C, according to X-ray diffraction and theoretical analysis, the Cs₃Bi₂Br₉ NCs belongs to the monoclinic system C12/c1. We report for the first time that the luminescence intensity of broad-peak-emitting Cs₃Bi₂Br₉ is significantly improved by doping with K⁺, and the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of sample Cs₃Bi₂Br₉:0.2K⁺ is 124 nm. Herein, the stability of Cs₃Bi₂Br₉:xK was monitored and found to have excellent environmental stability, thermal stability, and photostability. In addition, Cs₃Bi₂Br₉:0.2K was coated outside Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ (SMS) to form a core-shell structure composite material Cs₃Bi₂Br₉:0.2K⁺/SMS@SiO₂ and achieved fine tuning of the afterglow color. This work increases the luminescence intensity of Cs₃Bi₂Br₉ by ion doping and exhibits excellent stability, in addition to the cladding of lead-free perovskites with long afterglow materials provides a new application strategy for lead-free perovskites.

{"title":"K+-doped lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 nanocrystals Enable efficient blue emission and Ultra-stability","authors":"Ou Hai, Peng Li, Jian Li, Bin Qin, Tong Li, Zechuan Qi, Qiang Ren, Yuanting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new type of lead-free perovskite Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub> nanocrystal (NCs) was synthesized by thermal injection method at 190 °C, according to X-ray diffraction and theoretical analysis, the Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub> NCs belongs to the monoclinic system <em>C</em>12/<em>c</em>1. We report for the first time that the luminescence intensity of broad-peak-emitting Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub> is significantly improved by doping with K<sup>+</sup>, and the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of sample Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>:0.2K<sup>+</sup> is 124 nm. Herein, the stability of Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>:xK was monitored and found to have excellent environmental stability, thermal stability, and photostability. In addition, Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>:0.2K was coated outside Sr<sub>2</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>,Dy<sup>3+</sup> (SMS) to form a core-shell structure composite material Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>:0.2K<sup>+</sup>/SMS@SiO<sub>2</sub> and achieved fine tuning of the afterglow color. This work increases the luminescence intensity of Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub> by ion doping and exhibits excellent stability, in addition to the cladding of lead-free perovskites with long afterglow materials provides a new application strategy for lead-free perovskites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 5053-5060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143235529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation of MoS2/HA ceramic film on plasma electrolytic oxidized Ti-6Al-4V using mechanically synthesized method: Enhancing surface characteristics and biocompatibility for bio-implant

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.455

Sidra Sadaf Nisar, Han-Cheol Choe

This study inspected the impact of mechanically synthesized molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. For the formation of MoS₂-HA ceramic, varying compositions of MoS₂ and HA (0, 3, 5, and 7 g) were mechanically synthesized (MS) for 6 h in a mechanical mixer containing PEO-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The research aimed to evaluate the influence of these coatings on surface properties and bioactivity. The combined use of MoS₂ and HA leverages the unique properties of both materials: HA provides excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, while MoS₂ enhances mechanical properties and scratch resistance. Surface characterization techniques, FESEM, XRD, and FTIR were employed to analyze the MS film's morphology, composition, and surface properties. Mechanical properties of ceramic were assessed through nanoindentation and scratch tester. PDP and EIS tests were conducted to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the ceramic. Moreover, the bioactivity of the ceramic was assessed through immersion tests in SBF, examining the formation and growth of apatite layers on the surface. EIS was also performed after SBF immersion. Results indicated that the MoS₂-HA coatings significantly enhance the surface properties, corrosion resistance, and bioactivity of the PEO-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy, with the optimal composition determined to be the sample of 3g MoS₂ and 7g HA.

{"title":"Formation of MoS2/HA ceramic film on plasma electrolytic oxidized Ti-6Al-4V using mechanically synthesized method: Enhancing surface characteristics and biocompatibility for bio-implant","authors":"Sidra Sadaf Nisar, Han-Cheol Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study inspected the impact of mechanically synthesized molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) and hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. For the formation of MoS<sub>2</sub>-HA ceramic, varying compositions of MoS<sub>2</sub> and HA (0, 3, 5, and 7 g) were mechanically synthesized (MS) for 6 h in a mechanical mixer containing PEO-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The research aimed to evaluate the influence of these coatings on surface properties and bioactivity. The combined use of MoS<sub>2</sub> and HA leverages the unique properties of both materials: HA provides excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, while MoS<sub>2</sub> enhances mechanical properties and scratch resistance. Surface characterization techniques, FESEM, XRD, and FTIR were employed to analyze the MS film's morphology, composition, and surface properties. Mechanical properties of ceramic were assessed through nanoindentation and scratch tester. PDP and EIS tests were conducted to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the ceramic. Moreover, the bioactivity of the ceramic was assessed through immersion tests in SBF, examining the formation and growth of apatite layers on the surface. EIS was also performed after SBF immersion. Results indicated that the MoS<sub>2</sub>-HA coatings significantly enhance the surface properties, corrosion resistance, and bioactivity of the PEO-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy, with the optimal composition determined to be the sample of 3g MoS<sub>2</sub> and 7g HA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 4806-4827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143235794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Innovative Laser Decal transfer of ZnO Ceramic in LIG for advanced Hybrid Nanogenerator applications

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.467

Arpit Kumar Singh , Vipul Singh , Palani Iyamperumal Anand

This study is focused on utilizing laser technology as a versatile energy source in device fabrication for energy harvesting applications. Dual utilization of CO₂ laser is employed for graphene synthesis and selective deposition of ZnO piezo ceramic by laser μ-3D printing. A Piezo-Tribo hybrid nanogenerator is fabricated through selectively transferring ZnO ceramic onto porous laser-induced graphene followed by hydrothermal growth. The Laser decal transfer successfully yields uniform ZnO within porous graphene, facilitating the consistent growth of nanorods in pores. A FEP-ZnO-LIG device is fashioned, synergizing tribo-electricity from FEP-LIG and piezo-electricity due to the presence of ZnO, focusing on energy harvesting to consistently power sensors. ZnO piezo device demonstrates the least voltage and current output (9 V and 270 nA), while the FEP-LIG pair exhibits a higher output of 36 V voltage and 410 nA current. The combination of piezoelectric and electrostatic charge transfer mechanisms in a cascading fashion produces enhanced output voltage (75 V) and current (1.06 μA) compared to individual sum of piezo and tribo pairs. This enhanced performance is possibly attributed to synergistic interaction between ZnO nanostructures and graphene, enhancing charge flow during continuous contact and separation. This technique extends beyond its application for fine-tuning of functional performance in device fabrication.

{"title":"An Innovative Laser Decal transfer of ZnO Ceramic in LIG for advanced Hybrid Nanogenerator applications","authors":"Arpit Kumar Singh , Vipul Singh , Palani Iyamperumal Anand","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is focused on utilizing laser technology as a versatile energy source in device fabrication for energy harvesting applications. Dual utilization of CO<sub>2</sub> laser is employed for graphene synthesis and selective deposition of ZnO piezo ceramic by laser μ-3D printing. A Piezo-Tribo hybrid nanogenerator is fabricated through selectively transferring ZnO ceramic onto porous laser-induced graphene followed by hydrothermal growth. The Laser decal transfer successfully yields uniform ZnO within porous graphene, facilitating the consistent growth of nanorods in pores. A FEP-ZnO-LIG device is fashioned, synergizing tribo-electricity from FEP-LIG and piezo-electricity due to the presence of ZnO, focusing on energy harvesting to consistently power sensors. ZnO piezo device demonstrates the least voltage and current output (9 V and 270 nA), while the FEP-LIG pair exhibits a higher output of 36 V voltage and 410 nA current. The combination of piezoelectric and electrostatic charge transfer mechanisms in a cascading fashion produces enhanced output voltage (75 V) and current (1.06 μA) compared to individual sum of piezo and tribo pairs. This enhanced performance is possibly attributed to synergistic interaction between ZnO nanostructures and graphene, enhancing charge flow during continuous contact and separation. This technique extends beyond its application for fine-tuning of functional performance in device fabrication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 4957-4970"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143236256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermophysical Aspects of Functional Ceramics 2023 (TAFC2023)

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.267

Prof. Dr Andrei Rotaru, Assist. Prof. Dr Pavel Šiler, Prof. Dr Jiří Kučerík

引用次数: 0

Preparation and microstructure of spark plasma sintered Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12 ternary metastable phase

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.080

Shaoyang Wang , Changhe Gao , Huaming Luo , Yong Li , Chenhong Ma

MgO–MgAl₂O₄–ZrO₂ composites containing Mg_4.68Al_2.64Zr_1.68 were synthesised from salt lake magnesia powder and fused Al₂O₃–ZrO₂ fine powder using spark plasma sintering. Based on the compound energy model, the Gibbs reaction energy for the MAZ ternary metastable phase (MAZ) was calculated as 163.76–0.0868T. Samples were sintered at varying temperatures to investigate the evolution of physical phases within the materials. Results indicated that the MAZ synthesis ratio increased with increasing heat treatment temperature. Two synthesis pathways were identified for MAZ formation: (1) a solid–solid reaction via MgO and ZrO₂ diffusion into MgAl₂O₄ and (2) a gas–solid reaction where ZrO₂ served as the nucleation site, with Mg(g) and Al(g) diffusing to ZrO₂.

引用次数: 0

Mechanism behind piezoelectricity and thermal expansion behaviour of BaTiO3-based lead-free ceramics with various strontium dopants

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.057

Yongshang Tian , Chunying Liu , Shuiyun Li , Yichao Zhai , Peng Liu , Xiang Ji , Haitao Wu , Qiangshan Jing

Sr-doped BaTiO₃ piezoelectric ceramics have attracted considerable interest for potential applications in electronic components owing to their excellent electrical properties. In this study, Ba_0.95-xSr_xCa_0.05Ti_0.9Zr_0.1O₃ (BSCTZ) lead-free ceramics were synthesised by conventional solid-state sintering at 1190 °C with as-prepared BSCTZ nanoparticles. La dopants were selected to reduce the number of oxygen vacancies during the preparation process, and MnO₂ and CuO were introduced to reduce the sintering temperature. Changes in the phase, fracture morphology, dielectricity, ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity with increasing x were examined. Our results show that Sr promotes orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase evolution, decreases the average grain size, improves dielectric relaxation, increases ferroelectric diffuseness, and enhances the piezoelectricity of BSCTZ ceramics. With increasingly excessive strontium content, the ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity decreased, and the domain-switching activation energy increased. These changes are attributable to disturbed long-range dipoles, large compositional fluctuations, and fine grains. Optimal electrical properties were observed when the strontium content was 0.12. The Born–Lande theory was used to investigate the mechanism of thermal expansion behaviour. The study results provide a valuable reference for research on multifunctional BaTiO₃-based piezoelectric ceramics modified with Sr.

{"title":"Mechanism behind piezoelectricity and thermal expansion behaviour of BaTiO3-based lead-free ceramics with various strontium dopants","authors":"Yongshang Tian , Chunying Liu , Shuiyun Li , Yichao Zhai , Peng Liu , Xiang Ji , Haitao Wu , Qiangshan Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sr-doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> piezoelectric ceramics have attracted considerable interest for potential applications in electronic components owing to their excellent electrical properties. In this study, Ba<sub>0.95-<em>x</em></sub>Sr<sub><em>x</em></sub>Ca<sub>0.05</sub>Ti<sub>0.9</sub>Zr<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (BSCTZ) lead-free ceramics were synthesised by conventional solid-state sintering at 1190 °C with as-prepared BSCTZ nanoparticles. La dopants were selected to reduce the number of oxygen vacancies during the preparation process, and MnO<sub>2</sub> and CuO were introduced to reduce the sintering temperature. Changes in the phase, fracture morphology, dielectricity, ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity with increasing <em>x</em> were examined. Our results show that Sr promotes orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase evolution, decreases the average grain size, improves dielectric relaxation, increases ferroelectric diffuseness, and enhances the piezoelectricity of BSCTZ ceramics. With increasingly excessive strontium content, the ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity decreased, and the domain-switching activation energy increased. These changes are attributable to disturbed long-range dipoles, large compositional fluctuations, and fine grains. Optimal electrical properties were observed when the strontium content was 0.12. The Born–Lande theory was used to investigate the mechanism of thermal expansion behaviour. The study results provide a valuable reference for research on multifunctional BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-based piezoelectric ceramics modified with Sr.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 5","pages":"Pages 6125-6132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143357475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of pozzolanic and inert powders on the microstructure and thermal chemistry of cement mortars 混合粉和惰性粉对水泥砂浆微观结构和热化学的影响

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.06.018

Vilma Petkova , Ventseslav Stoyanov , Katerina Mihaylova , Bilyana Kostova

The aim of this work is the investigation of the microstructure of two types of white, high-workability cement mortars: type 1 (Am) with a relatively high content of marble powder (Binder:Aggregate = 1:2) containing fine particles, and type 2 (Mz) with a high content of marble powder (Binder + Pozzolan:Aggregate = 0.9 + 0.1:2) and up to 10 wt% clinoptilolite as a pozzolan from the white cement content. The density of the composites’ structures at 1, 28, and 120 days of water curing was evaluated by measurements of their physical-mechanical properties - density, compressive strength, and porosity. Crystal microstructure and sample morphology were investigated with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal analysis (TG/DTG-DSC). The conducted studies established that a high content of fines makes the structure denser. The formed structure has open porosity, which allows for the transportation of water, with slow continuous hydration resulting in the growth of crystals and the formation of various products, especially with the addition of clinoptilolite. The formation of cement hydrated minerals (CSH and CASH) such as ettringite, hillebrandite, yugawaralite, wairakite, hibschite, together with hemi- and mono-carboaluminate, etc., has been proven. The composition of the cement mortar with a high content of marble powder and up to 10 wt% clinoptilolite has the potential for further improvement of the process of hydration by forming a greater variety of calcium silicate hydroxyl phases. Despite the complexity of the reactions in the hydration of mortars, a generalized scheme of the reactions describing the main steps of the process is presented in correlation with the specified experimental conditions. The results allow for the development of sustainable building material strategies using waste and natural materials to reduce resource dependence and energy for production. Widespread adoption of sustainable building materials is seen as one of the most promising approaches to increasing the efficiency of the construction sector in a sustainable way and ensuring continued economic growth and a circular economy.

{"title":"Impact of pozzolanic and inert powders on the microstructure and thermal chemistry of cement mortars","authors":"Vilma Petkova , Ventseslav Stoyanov , Katerina Mihaylova , Bilyana Kostova","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work is the investigation of the microstructure of two types of white, high-workability cement mortars: type 1 (Am) with a relatively high content of marble powder (Binder:Aggregate = 1:2) containing fine particles, and type 2 (Mz) with a high content of marble powder (Binder + Pozzolan:Aggregate = 0.9 + 0.1:2) and up to 10 wt% clinoptilolite as a pozzolan from the white cement content. The density of the composites’ structures at 1, 28, and 120 days of water curing was evaluated by measurements of their physical-mechanical properties - density, compressive strength, and porosity. Crystal microstructure and sample morphology were investigated with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal analysis (TG/DTG-DSC). The conducted studies established that a high content of fines makes the structure denser. The formed structure has open porosity, which allows for the transportation of water, with slow continuous hydration resulting in the growth of crystals and the formation of various products, especially with the addition of clinoptilolite. The formation of cement hydrated minerals (CSH and CASH) such as ettringite, hillebrandite, yugawaralite, wairakite, hibschite, together with hemi- and mono-carboaluminate, etc., has been proven. The composition of the cement mortar with a high content of marble powder and up to 10 wt% clinoptilolite has the potential for further improvement of the process of hydration by forming a greater variety of calcium silicate hydroxyl phases. Despite the complexity of the reactions in the hydration of mortars, a generalized scheme of the reactions describing the main steps of the process is presented in correlation with the specified experimental conditions. The results allow for the development of sustainable building material strategies using waste and natural materials to reduce resource dependence and energy for production. Widespread adoption of sustainable building materials is seen as one of the most promising approaches to increasing the efficiency of the construction sector in a sustainable way and ensuring continued economic growth and a circular economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 5","pages":"Pages 5514-5527"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Versatile fabrication of spherical inverse opals from diverse materials including Bi₂O₃/g-C₃N₄ and MXene/H-TiO₂ using hierarchical microspheres as templates

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.070

Jiefeng Li, Ming Fu, Zheli Wu, Peixin Chu, Chenhui Wei, Yuting Zhang, Meiling Huang, Yajie Yang, Dawei He, Yongsheng Wang

Inverse opals with spherical morphologies, fabricated to accommodate a diverse range of material systems, are of significant importance for applications requiring particle-dispersed functional materials with photonic management capabilities. In this paper, hierarchical microspheres (HMs) with tier-1 diameters ranging from 5 μm to 250 μm, and silica or polystyrene as tier-2 microspheres of various diameters, are prepared using microfluidic methods and used as templates for spherical inverse opals. Hierarchical microsphere-based inverse opals (HMIOs), made from various individual materials such as Al₂O₃, TiO₂, ZnO, SiO₂, Bi₂O₃, and g-C₃N₄, as well as from composites like Bi₂O₃/g-C₃N₄ and Al₂O₃/TiO₂, are obtained using atomic layer deposition, sol-gel filling, and chemical vapor deposition methods. The wavelength of the reflection peaks induced by the photonic stop band is primarily determined by the periodicity of the pores, while the reflection peak intensity in HMIOs depends on the orderliness of the pores, which increases with their primary diameter. Among the materials, Bi₂O₃/g-C₃N₄ HMIOs exhibit the best photocatalytic degradation performance due to the matched energy levels. MXene-incorporated hydrogenated TiO₂ HMIOs, produced through microfluidic processing, also demonstrate an enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate, which is 1.74 times higher than that of the corresponding material without MXene.

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