Ceramics International最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling enhanced photocatalytic behavior: Plasma electrolytic oxidation for TiO2/Bi2WO6 heterojunction coatings to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light","authors":"Razieh Chaharmahali,&nbsp;Arash Fattah-alhosseini,&nbsp;Minoo Karbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of powder photocatalysts in visible light catalysis can be hindered by the build-up of nanoparticles and the challenges associated with their recovery. As a result, photocatalytic coatings emerge as promising options for the degradation of pollutants. In this research, a coating of TiO₂/Bi₂WO₆ was developed on a titanium (Ti) base through the process of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), with a hydrothermal treatment employed as a subsequent step. The results from the phase analysis indicate that the coatings consisted of anatase, rutile, Bi₂WO₆, and Bi₆Ti₃WO₁₈ phases. The application of a post treatment can induce a needle-like structure on the surface of the coating. This contributes to broadening the light response to visible light and suppressing the recombination of generated electron-hole pairs through photoexcitation. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, driven by visible light and facilitated by the hydrothermal post treatment PEO coating, can reach up to 75 %. The proposed photocatalytic mechanism is based on insights gained from the Mott–Schottky analysis, Tauc plot, and scavenging experiments. The outcomes indicate that this straightforward, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sturdy procedure holds promise as a viable coating technique in the realm of water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 11255-11266"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of addition of sodium titanophosphate glass on structure and physical properties of Na3Zr2Si2PO12/glass-ceramic solid composite electrolytes","authors":"Ziqiong Zhang,&nbsp;Guo Yang,&nbsp;Meng Sun,&nbsp;Xiaomei Li,&nbsp;Zhenlin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance ionic conductivity through modifying grain boundary of NACICON typed all-solid-state Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂ (NZSP) for sodium ion battery, composite electrolyte consisting of NZSP ceramic and varied percentage of 35Na₂O-5Cr₂O₃-30TiO₂-30P₂O₅ (NCTP) glass were prepared by two-step solid-phase reaction and the effects of glass additive on the structure and physical properties of the composite electrolyte were investigated. The NCTP glass was infiltrated into the grain boundary and was transferred to glass-ceramic during sintering NZSP/NCTP composites. There exists mass transfer reaction between the NZSP ceramic and the NCTP glass-ceramic phase that glass as the sintering aid promotes the liquid phase sintering process. The density, shrinkage percentage as well as hardness, elastic modulus of the composite electrolytes increase whereas ductility declines and instead elastic recover capacity increases upon glass addition due to glass infusion in grain boundary and the composite compactness. Glass infiltration promotes conductivity of grain boundary at the cost of reduction in grain bulk conductivity to varying degree. NZSP added with 5 wt% NCTP glass exhibits the best bulk conductivity and the minimum activation energy. Proper glass addition can be a facile approach to enhance the properties of NACICON typed electrolyte for all-solid-state sodium ion battery application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 11220-11230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of luminescence properties of broadband NIR Cr3+-activated phosphate phosphors through cationic substitution","authors":"Bao Yan ,&nbsp;Jun Wen ,&nbsp;Yueyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiwang Sha ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Huang ,&nbsp;Zhaoshi Dong ,&nbsp;Chuanlong Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Lixing Ning ,&nbsp;Chang-Kui Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphors are essential for the advancement of portable NIR light sources. Nevertheless, the development of inexpensive, high-efficiency, and stable luminescence phosphors at emission wavelength above 830 nm remains a significant challenge in the research field of broadband NIR phosphors. In this study, a novel broadband NIR phosphor CaTi₄(PO₄)₆:Cr³⁺ is successfully synthesized with the emission peak at 832 nm and a full width of half maximum (FWHM) of 165 nm. The quantum efficiency and thermal stability of CaTi₄(PO₄)₆:Cr³⁺ are significantly improved through the cationic substitution of Ca²⁺ by Cd²⁺, which is attributed to the reduction of the lattice symmetry of CrO₆ octahedrons and consequently the breaking of the forbidden transitions of Cr³⁺ ions. The CdTi₄(PO₄)₆:0.09Cr³⁺ exhibited an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 46.63 %, while its luminescence intensity at 373 K remains ∼58.63 % of the initial value at 298 K. A portable NIR phosphor-converted light-emitting-diode (pc-LED) was fabricated by combining the CdTi₄(PO₄)₆:0.09Cr³⁺ and a 470 nm blue LED chip, which shows an output power of 14.4 mW and photoelectric conversion efficiency of 5.49 % at a 100 mA driving current. The potential application of NIR pc-LED in bioimaging and night vision is evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 11018-11025"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved high-temperature resistant electrical connection structure based on polymer-derived ceramic SiCN for thin-film sensors","authors":"Zaifu Cui,&nbsp;Huayu Che,&nbsp;Wenjin Duan,&nbsp;Zhenguo Lu,&nbsp;Huaxiu Liang,&nbsp;Huiting Zeng,&nbsp;Bohuai Gou,&nbsp;Yihan Zhang,&nbsp;Shuo Chen,&nbsp;Zhaohong Jiang,&nbsp;Jiahong Huang,&nbsp;Xiaojun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature-resistant thin-film sensors can quickly and accurately obtain signals such as temperature, heat flux, and strain from surfaces in high-temperature applications, and the reliability of the sensors is determined by the quality of the lead electrical connection structure of the high-temperature-resistant thin-film sensors. Aiming at the challenges of complicated process and high cost of the lead electrical connection structure of high temperature resistant thin-film sensors, a lead electrical connection structure is proposed based on polymer-derived ceramics (PDC). The lead connector was prepared using a high-temperature wire and polymer-derived ceramics, and then the lead connector and the lead film were sintered together by PDC paste to obtain the electrical connection between the lead film and the high-temperature wire. The surface morphology and electrical properties as well as the high-temperature stability of the lead connector were characterized, and the proposed lead electrical connection structure was also used for polymer-derived ceramic thin-film thermistors, and multiple rounds of resistance temperature tests were conducted from room temperature to 800 °C. The results show that the lead connector has an oxide layer on the surface and a conductive layer on the inside, and the structure can withstand temperatures up to 1100 °C with good high-temperature stability, which makes it possible to be used for high-temperature-resistant polymer-derived ceramic thin-film sensors. A low-cost and simple process high-temperature lead electrical connection structure is provided for high-temperature-resistant thin-film sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 11747-11754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of thermal stress predictions for NiTi coating on a stainless-steel substrate using thermal plasma spraying","authors":"Sneha Samal,&nbsp;David Vokoun,&nbsp;Ivo Stachiv,&nbsp;Petr Šittner","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal stresses arise during the thermal plasma spraying of composite coatings, influenced by the differing thermophysical properties of the substrate and coating materials. This study focuses on a thick coating with a top NiTi layer and a base stainless steel (AISI 304) substrate, along with an epoxy carrier layer. Initially, the substrate is stress-free at the deposition temperature of 1400 °C. Once the coating is applied, the carrier layer activates at 150 °C, introducing thermal stresses before cooling to room temperature (20 °C). Using COMSOL Multiphysics, we examine stress distribution within the assembly at both 150 °C and room temperature. The model treats the thick plate as a two-dimensional solid, with layers assumed to be isotropic and linear elastic. The higher coefficient of thermal expansion in the substrate (17.3 × 10⁻⁶) compared to the coating (11 × 10⁻⁶) results in tensile stresses in the substrate and compressive stresses in the coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12337-12345"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new sight of tribological characterization at high temperature for V doping in Cr2AlC","authors":"Nairu He ,&nbsp;Jianhong Li ,&nbsp;Wang Song ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuan Fang ,&nbsp;Leping Cai ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Junhong Jia ,&nbsp;Henzhong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study synthesized the bulk (Cr_1-xV_x)₂AlC (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) materials by hot-pressed sintering method with the raw materials of Cr, Al, C, and V powders. The mechanical properties and tribological behaviors over a wide temperature range were investigated in detail. The results indicate that the addition of V could enhance the internal energy and micro-stress, hinder the dislocation slip of Cr₂AlC. The hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of (Cr_0.5V_0.5) ₂AlC are 41.0 %, 34.1 %, and 61.7 % higher than those of Cr₂AlC respectively. Notably, the friction tests demonstrate that the solid solution of V could improve the tribological properties of Cr₂AlC at room temperature due to the solid solution strengthening. At medium-high temperatures, on the contrary, the solid solution of V results in the higher friction coefficients compared with Cr₂AlC, which result from the phase of CrVO₄ without lubricating and anti-wear performances formed on the worn surface. When the test temperature reaches 800 °C, the solid solution of V preferentially diffuse to surface, and then be oxided to the AlVO₄, CrVO₄ and V₂O₅. Under the action of thermal-force coupling, AlVO₄ and CrVO₄ decompose to Al₂O₃, Cr₂O₃ and V₂O₅, which endows (Cr_0.5V_0.5) ₂AlC with an excellent self-lubrication performance at 800 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12880-12887"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al2O3 whisker reinforced ZrO2 ceramic composite by dynamic hot forging","authors":"Hongtian He ,&nbsp;Haitao Tian ,&nbsp;Jingchong Huang ,&nbsp;Chao Ma ,&nbsp;Hailong Wang ,&nbsp;Daoyang Han ,&nbsp;Hongxia Lu ,&nbsp;Hongliang Xu ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Shao ,&nbsp;Linan An","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inherent inferior plasticity of ceramic composites hinders severely the improvement of mechanical properties via increment of dislocation density and transformation of morphology by post-treatment. To date, dynamic hot forging (DHF) is discovered as a direct and efficient strategy to promote deformation and dislocation density in ceramics. Herein, we forge the Al₂O₃ whisker reinforced ZrO₂ composite via DHF and systematically study the effect of dynamic pressure amplitude on the microstructure regulation and mechanical properties. The results show that dynamic pressure can produce intragranular dislocations in the composite, and thus leading to plastic deformation via dislocation-accommodated grain-boundary sliding. Furthermore, the vibration of pressure amplitude can significantly promote dislocation density, and thereby resulting in regulation of dislocation morphology and interior microstructures. The corresponding mechanical properties of the composite is also significantly improved by DHF process. This work provides a novel pathway for regulating microstructures and improving mechanical properties of ceramic composites via DHF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12976-12983"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A monophase mullite fibrous porous ceramic produced by a gel-casting method","authors":"Daofeng Sun ,&nbsp;Yanjun Li ,&nbsp;Haiyang Lu ,&nbsp;Yue You ,&nbsp;Donghua Liu ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Chang Chen ,&nbsp;Donghai Ding ,&nbsp;Guoqing Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monophase mullite fibrous porous ceramics were successfully fabricated by a simple aqueous gel-casting method with mullite fibers as raw material, ρ-Al₂O_3, and microsilica as gelling agents, and the precursor of mullite. The effects of the ratio of powder (ρ-Al₂O₃ powder and microsilica) to mullite fiber on the phase composition, microstructure, sintering behavior, mechanical and thermal properties, and permeability of porous ceramics were investigated. The results showed that mullite fibers were bonded by in-situ formed mullite via the reaction of ρ-Al₂O₃ and microsilica to create a bird's nest structure. As the ratio of powder to mullite fibers was varied from 2:1 to 1:3, the porosity was increased, the bulk density was decreased, the pore size was enlarged, the fractal dimension of the pores was decreased, and the compressive strength of the porous ceramics was decreased accordingly. Due to increased porosity, pore size, and decreased fractal dimension, the prepared porous ceramics have good permeability (the Darcy permeability is up to 4.8 × 10⁻¹² m²). At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the porous ceramics was increased because of the increased thermal transfer in the fiber and pores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12730-12737"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collision cascades overlapping effect with cavity/Xe bubble in 3C-SiC:Atomistic simulations and experimental investigations","authors":"Ziqi Cai ,&nbsp;Zhuang Shao ,&nbsp;Chi Xu ,&nbsp;Xinwei Yuan ,&nbsp;Huan He ,&nbsp;Yuanming Li ,&nbsp;Wenjie Li ,&nbsp;Kangfu Zhu ,&nbsp;Qingmin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy gaseous fission product bubbles in nuclear fuel pose a significant influence on the microstructure and properties of coating materials. We employ atomistic simulations, successive carbon and xenon (Xe) ion irradiation experiments, and TEM observations to explore the effects of Xe bubbles and cascade overlap on 3C-SiC, with a particular focus on the Xe/V ratio, bubble size, shape, and stability. Our findings reveal that under a fixed Xe/V ratio, bubbles attract vacancies, leading to increased bubble size. When the bubble diameter is held constant, Xe atoms continue to accumulate until reaching a critical Xe/V value of 0.8, at which point recoil bursting occurs. Cascade overlap transforms the linear cascade behavior of SiC into a surface distribution that dissolves around bubbles. Xe bubbles with high crystallinity (Xe/V = 0.7) repeatedly undergo amorphization and recrystallization during cascade overlap, inhibiting the thermal recovery of self-interstitial atoms in SiC after thermal spikes and enhancing C-C homonuclear bonding around the bubbles. Moreover, we demonstrate that at Xe/V values exceeding 0.5, bubble pressure induces plastic deformation, forming interstitials and promoting chemical disorder and amorphization in the SiC matrix during growth and irradiation. These findings provide fresh insights into the behavior of heavy-atom bubbles under complex irradiation conditions in the SiC matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12818-12830"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical, photocatalytic degradation, recyclability, kinetics, and scavenging studies of Bi2-2xCoxZnxO3 nanoparticles with reactive black 5 dye","authors":"Farah Fahim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ramzan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran ,&nbsp;Majid Niaz Akhtar ,&nbsp;Abdullah Almohammedi ,&nbsp;Mustafa Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.089","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Semiconductor photocatalysis technology has great potential as a viable alternative to conventional scientific and technological approaches. The chemical co-precipitation approach was employed in this study to synthesize pure Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and doped Bi&lt;sub&gt;2-2x&lt;/sub&gt;Co&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NPs (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8). The effects on the structural, morphological, optical, electrochemical, and photocatalytic features were evaluated. The samples were characterized by using XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, BET, FTIR, PL, CV, Raman and UV–Vis, spectroscopy. The XRD spectra verified that the structure is monoclinic, with a space group of &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;2&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;. Additionally, the average size of the crystallites was between 24 and 49 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) were used to evaluate the materials' surface morphology. The existence of functional groups in Bi&lt;sub&gt;2-2x&lt;/sub&gt;Co&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR measurements. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the synthesized nanomaterials revealed a significant occurrence of charge separation (e&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;-h&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) and a minimal rate of recombination in the extensively substituted materials which is responsible for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to investigate the functional electrodes. Using a potential window ranging from 0 to 0.4 V, the cyclic voltammogram of each working electrode was seen at various scan rates (10-40 mVs&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;). In comparison to pure Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, the specific capacitance was improved by the synergistic effects of Co and Zn in the Bi&lt;sub&gt;2-2x&lt;/sub&gt;Co&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. The purpose of the XPS investigation to analyze the chemical composition and surface valence state of Co and Zn doped Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NPs. The optical band gap was evaluated using UV–Vis spectroscopy and showed a decreasing trend from 2.66 to 2.22 eV with increasing the doping concentration. BET analysis was used to determine the surface areas of pure Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and doped Bi&lt;sub&gt;2-2x&lt;/sub&gt;Co&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NPs using nitrogen (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) at 78K and desorption/adsorption isotherms. The photocatalytic activity of Bi&lt;sub&gt;2-2x&lt;/sub&gt;Co&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; was evaluated under sunlight irradiation using reactive black-5 (RB-5) dye as the target and exhibited a 90 % reduction in dye concentration within 105 min. The doped Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles exhibited promising photocatalysts for the removal of the dye from wastewater. Recycling experiments were used to verify the stability of the synthesized nanoparticles, and the findings showed promising stability and reusability. The phytotoxicity experiments were performed by the germination of &lt;em&gt;Coriandrum sativum&lt;/em&gt; seeds in","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 12462-12479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}