Photoredox catalysis is a useful toolbox for organic synthetic chemistry through not only creating more possibilities for the known reactions but also developing new pathways for the inaccessible compounds. The development of transition metal complexes greatly boosts this field, while there remain a variety of challenges such as poor photostability, non-recyclability, limited activity, and red-light inaccessibility. Herein, we develop a divergent strategy to construct covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring dense and aligned porphyrin antenna and docking sites. Various metal species are well immobilized on the pore walls of COFs to form antenna-reactor structures COF-M (M = Ir, Ru, and Cu) with good photostability and recyclability. The segregated porphyrin donor and metal complex acceptor promote the separation and suppress the recombination of photo-induced charge carriers. As a result, the as-prepared COF-M presents high activity toward several reactions, including photocatalytic [2 + 2] cycloadditions, trifluoromethylation reactions, and reductive pinacol-type couplings.
光氧化还原催化是有机合成化学的一个有用的工具箱，它不仅为已知的反应创造了更多的可能性，而且为难以获得的化合物开辟了新的途径。过渡金属配合物的发展极大地推动了这一领域的发展，但仍存在各种挑战，如光稳定性差、不可回收、活性有限、红灯不可达性等。在此，我们开发了一种发散策略来构建具有密集和排列的卟啉天线和对接位点的共价有机框架（COFs）。COF-M （M = Ir, Ru, Cu）具有良好的光稳定性和可回收性。卟啉给体和金属配合物受体的分离促进了光诱导载流子的分离，抑制了载流子的复合。因此，制备的COF-M对几种反应表现出高活性，包括光催化[2 + 2]环加成、三氟甲基化反应和还原性pinacol型偶联。
{"title":"Divergent covalent organic frameworks as antenna reactors for photoredox catalysis","authors":"Ting He, Ziyue Huang, Zhongzheng Zhang, Jingjing Guo, Yuanyuan Guo, Brynne Shu Ni Tan, Shihuai Wang, Yanping Wei, Yinglong Wu, Xinkun Ma, Wenbin Zhong, Yanli Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102864","url":null,"abstract":"Photoredox catalysis is a useful toolbox for organic synthetic chemistry through not only creating more possibilities for the known reactions but also developing new pathways for the inaccessible compounds. The development of transition metal complexes greatly boosts this field, while there remain a variety of challenges such as poor photostability, non-recyclability, limited activity, and red-light inaccessibility. Herein, we develop a divergent strategy to construct covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring dense and aligned porphyrin antenna and docking sites. Various metal species are well immobilized on the pore walls of COFs to form antenna-reactor structures COF-M (M = Ir, Ru, and Cu) with good photostability and recyclability. The segregated porphyrin donor and metal complex acceptor promote the separation and suppress the recombination of photo-induced charge carriers. As a result, the as-prepared COF-M presents high activity toward several reactions, including photocatalytic [2 + 2] cycloadditions, trifluoromethylation reactions, and reductive pinacol-type couplings.","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102834
Ferran Esteve, Martina Mazzaferro, Jean-Marie Lehn
{"title":"Write and erase: Macrocyclic effectors regulate imine expression in water","authors":"Ferran Esteve, Martina Mazzaferro, Jean-Marie Lehn","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102834","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102691
Xun Li , Yohan Gisbert , Maxime Ledent , Damien Sluysmans , Gwénaël Rapenne , Claire Kammerer , Anne-Sophie Duwez
A variety of rotary molecular machine prototypes powered by light, chemical energy, or electrons have been synthesized and their operation in solution, gels, or on surfaces has been demonstrated. However, little data regarding their performances have been disclosed. Here, we report on the synthesis of molecules incorporating a five-arm rotor and the direct measurement of the work required to block the rotation around the central atom. We used single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) to detect the free rotary oscillations and measure the work performed by the molecules against the mechanical load. We show that the chemical nature of the arms influences the energy barrier, causing differences in the work that the molecules can generate. Our results illustrate that SMFS, which is now widely used to probe linear displacements at a few tens of nanometer scale in macromolecules, can detect rotary motions around a single atom in a tiny synthetic molecule.
{"title":"Probing the free rotary oscillations around a single ruthenium atom in an organometallic complex","authors":"Xun Li , Yohan Gisbert , Maxime Ledent , Damien Sluysmans , Gwénaël Rapenne , Claire Kammerer , Anne-Sophie Duwez","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A variety of rotary molecular machine prototypes powered by light, chemical energy, or electrons have been synthesized and their operation in solution, gels, or on surfaces has been demonstrated. However, little data regarding their performances have been disclosed. Here, we report on the synthesis of molecules incorporating a five-arm rotor and the direct measurement of the work required to block the rotation around the central atom. We used single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) to detect the free rotary oscillations and measure the work performed by the molecules against the mechanical load. We show that the chemical nature of the arms influences the energy barrier, causing differences in the work that the molecules can generate. Our results illustrate that SMFS, which is now widely used to probe linear displacements at a few tens of nanometer scale in macromolecules, can detect rotary motions around a single atom in a tiny synthetic molecule.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102691"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144778643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102702
Wei Yang , Yu Lan , Yihang Bai , Zhenyan Zhao , Yawen Song , Ruiying Chang , Xuwei Shang , Shuang Li , Shiqi Jia , Shihan Liu , Shi-Jun Li , Linbin Niu
Due to the unique mildness and good penetration ability of low-energy light (λ > 595 nm), assembling a low-energy photoredox catalytic platform in situ to circumvent the pre-preparation of the low-energy photocatalyst is intriguing and significant. Herein, we describe a manganese low-energy photoredox catalytic platform generated by the modular in situ assembly of manganese(II) salt, bidentate N ligand, nucleophilic azide reagent, and alcohol, which can enable the generation of valuable azido radicals under 850 nm light irradiation and is further used to furnish the oxidative remodeling nitrogenation of alkenes via carbon-carbon double-bond cleavage to afford value-added ketonitriles, ketones, or nitriles with excellent functional group compatibility. The utility of this procedure is underscored by late-stage functionalization of drug/natural molecule derivatives and the streamlined synthesis of anabasine, showcasing its unique potential for applications in synthetic organic chemistry and biomedicine.
{"title":"Manganese low-energy photocatalysis for remodeling nitrogenation of alkenes","authors":"Wei Yang , Yu Lan , Yihang Bai , Zhenyan Zhao , Yawen Song , Ruiying Chang , Xuwei Shang , Shuang Li , Shiqi Jia , Shihan Liu , Shi-Jun Li , Linbin Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the unique mildness and good penetration ability of low-energy light (λ > 595 nm), assembling a low-energy photoredox catalytic platform <em>in situ</em> to circumvent the pre-preparation of the low-energy photocatalyst is intriguing and significant. Herein, we describe a manganese low-energy photoredox catalytic platform generated by the modular <em>in situ</em> assembly of manganese(II) salt, bidentate <em>N</em> ligand, nucleophilic azide reagent, and alcohol, which can enable the generation of valuable azido radicals under 850 nm light irradiation and is further used to furnish the oxidative remodeling nitrogenation of alkenes via carbon-carbon double-bond cleavage to afford value-added ketonitriles, ketones, or nitriles with excellent functional group compatibility. The utility of this procedure is underscored by late-stage functionalization of drug/natural molecule derivatives and the streamlined synthesis of anabasine, showcasing its unique potential for applications in synthetic organic chemistry and biomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102702"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102690
Ludovic Bellon
In this issue of Chem, Li et al. describe the use of atomic force spectroscopy for detecting, stalling, and characterizing single-molecule rotors. Their work extends force spectroscopy beyond linear deformations, offering a powerful, accessible alternative to tunneling microscopy for probing molecular rotation and associated energy landscapes.
{"title":"Force spectroscopy on molecular rotors","authors":"Ludovic Bellon","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this issue of <em>Chem</em>, Li et al. describe the use of atomic force spectroscopy for detecting, stalling, and characterizing single-molecule rotors. Their work extends force spectroscopy beyond linear deformations, offering a powerful, accessible alternative to tunneling microscopy for probing molecular rotation and associated energy landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102690"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102698
Jin-Liang Lin , Ran Liu , Francis Adoah , Zhou Cao , Shengzhe Qiu , Ningyue Chen , Feng Sun , Zhikang Wu , Chuan-Kui Wang , Bingqian Xu , Enrique del Barco , Yuan Li
The ability to test the limits of diodes scaled down to the molecular (quantum) scale could advance the development of nanoelectronic devices. So far, strategies for molecular rectification have mostly relied on the intrinsic asymmetry of molecules or on changes in the external environment. These approaches require complex synthetic designs or specific device structures, and their performance is far beyond theoretical prediction. Here, we report an alternative strategy that leads to giant rectification by inducing a topological change in the molecular conformation through unidirectional electric-field-driven electron delocalization, an approach also applicable to molecules without asymmetric structures. This method reverses the polarity of the applied bias, which induces the rectifying group to oxidize and transition from a buckled and cross-conjugated group into a planar aromatic group. As a result, the transformed molecule forms a fully conjugated structure resulting in a substantial increase in the current density.
{"title":"Large current rectification inside symmetric molecular junctions caused by redox-coupled conformational changes","authors":"Jin-Liang Lin , Ran Liu , Francis Adoah , Zhou Cao , Shengzhe Qiu , Ningyue Chen , Feng Sun , Zhikang Wu , Chuan-Kui Wang , Bingqian Xu , Enrique del Barco , Yuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to test the limits of diodes scaled down to the molecular (quantum) scale could advance the development of nanoelectronic devices. So far, strategies for molecular rectification have mostly relied on the intrinsic asymmetry of molecules or on changes in the external environment. These approaches require complex synthetic designs or specific device structures, and their performance is far beyond theoretical prediction. Here, we report an alternative strategy that leads to giant rectification by inducing a topological change in the molecular conformation through unidirectional electric-field-driven electron delocalization, an approach also applicable to molecules without asymmetric structures. This method reverses the polarity of the applied bias, which induces the rectifying group to oxidize and transition from a buckled and cross-conjugated group into a planar aromatic group. As a result, the transformed molecule forms a fully conjugated structure resulting in a substantial increase in the current density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102698"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102740
Finn Gude , Annkathrin Bohne , Maria Dell , Jonathan Franke , Kyle L. Dunbar , Michael Groll , Christian Hertweck
Closthioamide (CTA) is a potent antibiotic with a unique polythioamide scaffold produced by Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum. Unlike classical non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), which use modular adenylation and condensation domains, CTA biosynthesis proceeds through non-canonical standalone enzymes. Central to this process is the papain-like ligase CtaG, which catalyzes amide bond formation between two distinct peptidyl carrier proteins (PCPs): CtaH, presenting para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), and CtaE, carrying a tri-β-alanine ((βAla)3) chain. Using biochemical assays, chemical probes, crystallography, and mutational analysis, we show that CtaG operates via a ping-pong mechanism involving an enzyme-bound intermediate. A single substrate tunnel mediates directional transfer, enabling distal chain elongation that mirrors solid-phase peptide synthesis. Structure-based genome mining revealed homologous enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of petrobactin, butirosin, and methylolanthanin. Together, our findings uncover a previously overlooked class of thiotemplated ligases and provide a mechanistic blueprint for engineering ribosome-independent peptide assembly lines.
{"title":"Distal peptide elongation by a protease-like ligase and two distinct carrier proteins","authors":"Finn Gude , Annkathrin Bohne , Maria Dell , Jonathan Franke , Kyle L. Dunbar , Michael Groll , Christian Hertweck","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Closthioamide (CTA) is a potent antibiotic with a unique polythioamide scaffold produced by <em>Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum</em>. Unlike classical non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), which use modular adenylation and condensation domains, CTA biosynthesis proceeds through non-canonical standalone enzymes. Central to this process is the papain-like ligase CtaG, which catalyzes amide bond formation between two distinct peptidyl carrier proteins (PCPs): CtaH, presenting para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), and CtaE, carrying a tri-β-alanine ((βAla)<sub>3</sub>) chain. Using biochemical assays, chemical probes, crystallography, and mutational analysis, we show that CtaG operates via a ping-pong mechanism involving an enzyme-bound intermediate. A single substrate tunnel mediates directional transfer, enabling distal chain elongation that mirrors solid-phase peptide synthesis. Structure-based genome mining revealed homologous enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of petrobactin, butirosin, and methylolanthanin. Together, our findings uncover a previously overlooked class of thiotemplated ligases and provide a mechanistic blueprint for engineering ribosome-independent peptide assembly lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102740"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102737
Alexander A. Vinogradov , Hiroaki Suga
Recent advances in enzymology are enabled by the methods for high-throughput kinetic measurements. Common instrumentation-based techniques can examine thousands of enzymatic reactions in parallel, but scaling the throughput further can be challenging. Here, we establish DOMEK (mRNA-display-based one-shot measurement of enzymatic kinetics), an integrated experimental and computational pipeline for ultra-high-throughput kinetic measurements using mRNA display-derived next-generation sequencing data. The method can accurately determine kcat/KM specificity constants of post-translational modification enzyme substrates. We benchmark the platform by measuring kcat/KM values for ∼2.86 × 105 peptide substrates of a dehydroalanine reductase and leverage the resulting data to build interpretable models of the substrate fitness landscape. The resulting model accurately decomposes reaction activation energies of a peptide substrate into energetic contributions of individual amino acids to reveal microscopic and macroscopic aspects of the enzyme catalysis. Our results establish a generalizable, enzyme-agnostic framework for scaling kinetic measurements to millions of reactions.
{"title":"Measuring kcat/KM values for over 200,000 enzymatic substrates with mRNA display","authors":"Alexander A. Vinogradov , Hiroaki Suga","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in enzymology are enabled by the methods for high-throughput kinetic measurements. Common instrumentation-based techniques can examine thousands of enzymatic reactions in parallel, but scaling the throughput further can be challenging. Here, we establish DOMEK (mRNA-display-based one-shot measurement of enzymatic kinetics), an integrated experimental and computational pipeline for ultra-high-throughput kinetic measurements using mRNA display-derived next-generation sequencing data. The method can accurately determine k<sub>cat</sub>/K<sub>M</sub> specificity constants of post-translational modification enzyme substrates. We benchmark the platform by measuring k<sub>cat</sub>/K<sub>M</sub> values for ∼2.86 × 10<sup>5</sup> peptide substrates of a dehydroalanine reductase and leverage the resulting data to build interpretable models of the substrate fitness landscape. The resulting model accurately decomposes reaction activation energies of a peptide substrate into energetic contributions of individual amino acids to reveal microscopic and macroscopic aspects of the enzyme catalysis. Our results establish a generalizable, enzyme-agnostic framework for scaling kinetic measurements to millions of reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102737"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15Epub Date: 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102754
Kinga Gołąbek , Yuchen Chang , Lauren R. Mellinger , Mariana V. Rodrigues , Cauê de Souza Coutinho Nogueira , Fabio B. Passos , Yutao Xing , Aline Ribeiro Passos , Mohammed H. Saffarini , Austin B. Isner , David S. Sholl , Carsten Sievers
Mechanochemical processing is an attractive and scalable approach for the upcycling of polymers. The complex and dynamic environment in ball milling, however, makes gaining insight into the physicochemical nature of the collisions driving mechanochemistry challenging, which, in turn, hampers the optimization of these processes. We used controlled single impacts followed by multiple spatially resolved analytical methods (focused ion beam microscopy, Raman spectro-microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering) and material point method simulations to gain unprecedented information about mechanochemical depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate). These measurements highlight the contributions of plastic deformation, amorphization, and depolymerization during the transfer of kinetic energy in collisions relevant to ball mills and will enable reactor models based on fundamental kinetics.
{"title":"Spatially resolved reaction environments in mechanochemical upcycling of polymers","authors":"Kinga Gołąbek , Yuchen Chang , Lauren R. Mellinger , Mariana V. Rodrigues , Cauê de Souza Coutinho Nogueira , Fabio B. Passos , Yutao Xing , Aline Ribeiro Passos , Mohammed H. Saffarini , Austin B. Isner , David S. Sholl , Carsten Sievers","doi":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanochemical processing is an attractive and scalable approach for the upcycling of polymers. The complex and dynamic environment in ball milling, however, makes gaining insight into the physicochemical nature of the collisions driving mechanochemistry challenging, which, in turn, hampers the optimization of these processes. We used controlled single impacts followed by multiple spatially resolved analytical methods (focused ion beam microscopy, Raman spectro-microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering) and material point method simulations to gain unprecedented information about mechanochemical depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate). These measurements highlight the contributions of plastic deformation, amorphization, and depolymerization during the transfer of kinetic energy in collisions relevant to ball mills and will enable reactor models based on fundamental kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":268,"journal":{"name":"Chem","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 102754"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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